US644585A - Steam-pump. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 6, i900.

W. E. EBY.

Hdiigessas me Ncmms PETERS co. mom-Limo.. wAsmNGTnN. u v.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

l' Il Imlnlllit W. E. EBY.

STEAM PUMP.

(Application filed May 11, 1B98.\

(No Model.)

THE Ncams 21ans to. vnororno. wAsHmm'oN. n. c.

No. 644,585. Patented Mar. 6. |900. W. E.` EBY.

STEAM PUMP.

(No Mudd.) (Application Bled May 11, 1898.) 4 sheets-Sheet 3.

No. 644,585. Patented Mar. 6, |900. W. E. EBY.

STEAM PUMP.

(Application led May 11, 1898.)

4 Sgheets-Sheet 4,

(No Model.)

me mams arms co. wom-umu, wAsnlNcmN. u. c4

` Nifrnio- STATES VALTON ELLMAKER EBY, OF ROANOKE, VIRGINIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO MALCOLM W. BRYAN, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-PUMP.

SPECIFICATIO forming part of LettersPatet o. 644,585, dated March 6, 1900!. Abpiicaion ned May 11, 1898. saliti No, eleeo. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, WALTON ELLMAKER EBY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Roanoke, in the county of Roanoke and State of Virginia, have invented a new and useful Steam-Pump, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to steam-pumps, and has for one object to provide a simple, compact, and efficient pump adapted for supplying boilers and for analogous uses, and so constructed as to provide for the utilization of the exhaust-steam and other waste heat of the motive agent in raising the temperature of the Water supplied to the boiler.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a construction of valve mechanism as to avoid the use of eccentries, connectingrods, and other devices located exteriorly of the valve chest or casing, the shifting of the valve for each stroke being accomplished by the pressure of the motive agent, such as steam or compressed air, and being controlled by the cylinder-piston and theactuated valve.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will appear in the following description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of a pump mechanism constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation, partly in section, of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged central longitudinal section of the valve mechanism and' the contiguous portion of the cylinder-piston, taken in the plane of the cylinder feed-ports, showing the valve in one of its operative positions, with the piston in fulllines at one end of its stroke just prior to the reversal of the valve and in dotted lines in the position which it occupies before exposing the equalizing-ports. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the valvein its intermediate orbalanced position. Fig. 5 isaplan view of the valve-seat rest to show the positions of the channels and ports in the cylinder. Fig. 6 is a similar view of the valveseat, showing in dotted lines the positions of the cylinder ports and channels. Fig. 7 is an inverted plan View of the valve. Fig. 8 is a sectional view similar to Figs. 8 and 4, taken in the plane indicated by the lines 8 S of Figs; 5, 6, and '7. Fig. 9 is a similar section taken in the plane indicated by the lines 9 9 ofFigs. 5, 6, and '7. Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view of a portion of the valve mechanism to show the follower, which forms a steam-tight contact with the valve.

Similar numerals of reference indicate cor= responding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

The apparatus embodying my invention is shown in the drawings Figs. l yand 2 as arranged in an upright or vertical position, with the main cylindrical casing Lwhich coinprises the piston and plunger cylinders, provided with attaching-ears 2 or a suitable baseA plate, adapted to be secured to a boiler or other supporting object, (not shown3) but it will be understood that the said casing may be arranged in either a horizontal or any other position to suit the conditions under which it is to be operated. Said main cylindrical casing is divided interiorly by an annular partition to form a steam or piston cylinder et and a water or plunger cylinder 5, and removably fitted, as by threading, in the opening of said partition and extending axially of the water or plunger cylinder is a pumpbarrel 6, terminating at its outer end short of the closed end of the cylinder 5 and having a flared inner end 7, provided with wrench or key seats 8, whereby the barrel may be unseated or returned to its normal position by means of a key or wrench inserted into the cylinder 4 through the headed outer end of the latter, said cylinder 4 being provided with a removable head 9, secured in place by means of bolts 10 or the equivalents thereof.

Fitted for reciprocatory movement in the pump-barrel is the pump-plunger l1, which is exteriorly channeled or reduced, as shown at l2, for the reception of the exterior packing of waste or any other suitable material, such packing being thus held between the abrupt shoulders at the ends of the reduced portion of the plunger-and the iared mouth at the inner end of the barrel being designed to facilitate the introduction of the plunger with its packing into the barrel without disturbing the packing.

The plunger is of hollow or tubular con- IOO struction, and its bore communicates with that of the hollow or tubular plunger-stem 14, said stem, as illustrated in the drawings, being formed integrally with the plunger and terminating at the opposite end from the plunger in a piston-head 15, which operates in the cylinder 4. The piston-head is also turned down or reduced, as shown at 16, for the reception of packing, preferably consisting of metallic rings 17, and these packing-rings are held from displacement by a cap-plate 1S, secured to the body portion of the piston-head by means of screws 19 or equivalent fastening devices. Also said cap-plate is provided at its center with an interiorly threaded socket 20, constituting a wrench-seat for the reception of a suitable tool adapted to beintroduced through the outer end of the cylinder 4 in order to withdraw the piston and connected plunger from the casing. The outer (or in this case lower) end of the water-cylinder 5 is provided with a drain-opening fitted with a plug 21, whereby the liquid contents of the plunger-cylinder may be withdrawn when the pump is not in operation.

Communicating with the pump-cylinder 5 exteriorly of the pump-barrel 6 are feed and discharge pipes 22 and 23, provided, respectively, with check- valves 24 and 25, which open in a common direction, or respectively toward and from the cylinder, whereby during the upward or inward stroke of the pumpplunger water is inducted through the feedpipe 22, while during the opposite or downward or outward stroke of the plunger the check-valve 24 is seated and the previouslyinducted contents of the cylinder are expelled through the discharge-pipe 23. In communication with the feed-pipe 22 at the opposite side of the check-valve 24 from the point of communication of said feed-pipe with the cylinder is a supply-pipe 26, entering the feedpipe transversely or laterally, and also communicating with said feed-pipe and in axial alinement therewith is an exhaust-conductor 27, extending from the exhaust-port of the steam or motive cylinder and having a nozzle 2S, which projects into the feed-pipe across the inlet or mouth of the supply-pipe 26, whereby when said conductor 27 is used to convey the exhaust motive uid from the motivecylinder said fluid is projected axially into the feed-pipe to enter the pump-cylinder with the water or other liquid which is being pumped, and thereby partly heat such liquid, whereby the liquid is introduced into the boiler in a semiheated condition. Also the discharge of the exhaust motive agent across thc mouth of the supply-pipe 26 produces a suction by which liquid is inducted through the supply-pipe to assist in feeding the pumpcylinder.

As a further means of raising the temperature of the liquid which passes through the pump-cylinder I provide for the communication of liquid within the pump-cylinder to the interior of thc pu nip-plunger and stem 1.4, the

vided with a direct outlet 3l, and the conl ductor 27 has a valved connection with the exhaust-pipe 30, this valve, which is indicated at 32, being of the three-way type, whereby the exhaust motive agent may be directed either into the conductor 27 or through the outlet 31, according to whether the valve-operating handle 33 is in the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 2 or in dotted lines in the same figure.

The valve mechanism which I employ in connection with the motive-cylinder is adapted for use in connection with any cylinder of a reciproeatory-piston engine, butis particularly adapted for use in connection with a pump which is necessarily exposed more or less, and in devising the valve mechanism it has been my object to protect the working parts thereof from accumulations of dust and other foreign matter and at the same time so construct the same as to avoid jar or hammer both of the valve and of the cylinderpiston and insure a practically-noiseless operation. In carrying out this feature of my invention I construct the piston-cylinder with a valve-seat rest 34, upon which is arranged a valve-seat 35, consisting of a plate, preferably of babbitt or other antifriction material, provided with suitable valve-scat ports, hereinafter described in detail, which communicate with cylinder ports and channels formed inthe cylinder or valve-scat rest. Arranged upon the valve-seat and secured in place in common with said valve-seat by suitable bolts 36 is a valve-casing 37, in which fits for reciprocation a slide-valve 38, which is ofthe piston-valve type from the fact that, as will hereinafter appear, the change of position of said valve to open the different ports for the admissin and exhaust of motive agent is accomplished by the pressure, applied alternately in different directions, of the motive agent. The valve-casing or valvecylinder 37 is of such interior cross-sectional dimensions as to snugly tit the valve, and communicating with the interior thereof is a central extension or collar 39, forming an inlet for motive agent to the valve casing. Fitted for reciprocation in the collar or inlet is a sleeve 40, bearing atits inner end against the contiguous surface of the valve to form a steam-tight contact and yieldingly held in such contact by a spring 41, which is seated at its inner end upon a washer 42, bearing against the outer end of said sleeve 4 0. The outer end of the spring 4l bears against a cap 43, which is itted in the outer end of the collar or inlet 39, and arranged in a central opening in said cap and communicating with IOO IIO

IZO

the interior of the collar is a steam or other motive agent supply pipe 44. Also the valve is provided with a longitudinally-extending stem 45, projecting through a guide and stuffing-box 46 in the end of the valve-casing and terminating at its outer end in a grip or knob 47, said stem being provided at its inner end With a stud or lateral extension 48, which is fitted in a socket 49 in the valve near one end. This stem serves the double function of an indicator to disclose to the engineer Whether the valve is operating properly and as a means of starting the engine by giving an initial operation to the valve.

Formed in the valve-seat rest` of the piston-cylinder is an exhaust-cavity 50, with which communicates an exhaust-port 5I in the valve-seat, and formed in the valve-seat at equal intervals from and upon opposite sides of the exhaust-port (spaced longitudinally) are outlet-ports 52 and 53, either of which is adapted to be connected With the exhaust-port by means of an exhaust-cavity 54 in the face of the valve 38, said valve-exhaust cavity being arched, With the spaced ports in its face separated by a bridge 55, which is of a Width greater than that of the exhaust-port 51 to provide a suficient lap for the operation hereinafter explained. The throw or amplitude of movement of the valve is sufficient to connect either of the outletports 52 53 with the exhaust-port 5l, according to the direction of movement of the piston.

Formed in the cylinder-Wall adjacent to its extremities are cylinder outlet-ports 52 and 53, which are respectively in communication with the valve-seat outlet-ports 52 and 53 by means of longitudinal exhaust-channels 52b and 53h, formed in the valve-seat rest and covered by the valve-seat. Also formed in the valve-seat are valve-seat inlet-ports 56 and 57, communicating with cylinder inletports 56 and 57, through inlet-channels 56b and 57h, extending longitudinally of the cylinder, said inlet-ports 56 and 57 being spaced apart at an interval greater than the valveseat outlet-ports 52 and 53, and formed in the valve for respective communication With said valve-seat inletports 56 and 57 are feedports 56e and 57, with which communicate feed-channels 56d and 57d, having a common supply-port 5S, which is in communication with the supply-pipe 44 for motive agent.

From the above description of the ports it will be seen that the feed-ports of the valve are in communication at all times With the supply-port of the valve-casing, and that When the feed-port 56C0f said valveisin communication with the valve-seat inlet-port 56 in order to supply motive agent to the cylinder through the cylinder inlet-port 56 the exhaust-cavity 54 of the valve is in position to connect the valve-seat outlet-port 52 with the exhaust-port 51, as shown in Fig. 3, and is thus in position to exhaust motive agent from the cylinder through the cylinder outlet-port 52, While in the opposite position of the valve, with its feed-port 57c in registration with the valve-seat inlet-port 57, motive agent Will be admitted to the cylinder through the cylinder inlet-ports 57 and will be exhausted from the cylinder in advance ofthe piston through the cylinder outlet-port 53 and the valve-seat outlet-port 53. The ends of the valve cylinder or casing 37 being closed and the ends of the valve fitting snugly therein to form piston valve-heads, it will be understood that by so disposing the ports and channels as at proper times to admit fluid-pressure to said valve-cylinder or casing at one end and exhaust fluid from the other end, thereby producing an unequal pressure upon opposite ends of the valve, the latter may be actuated to bring diiferent cylinder, feed, and exhaust ports into registration, or, in other Words, to reverse the valve. In the construction illustrated the valve is provided, preferably at opposite sides of the plane of the feed-channels 56d 57d, With channels 59 and 60, each of which is open at one end in communication with the valve cylinder or casing and is closed at the opposite end. The channel 59 is in communication with the chamber 6l of the valve cylinder or casing, While the channel 60 is in communication with the chamber 62 of the valve cylinder or casing, and also formed in the valve in communication, respectively, with the channels 59 and 60 are valve-reversing channel-ports 59 59b and 60 60h, (59 and 59b being, respectively, feed and exhaust ports in communication with the channel 59 and the ports 60 and 60b being, respectively, feed and exhaust ports in communication with the channel 60.) Also formed in the valve-seat, upon opposite sides of the longitudinal plane of the ports 5l, 52, 53, 56, and 57 or, respectively, in the longitudinal planes of the channels 59 andL 60, are reversing feed and exhaust ports 59c 59d and 60C 60, and these reversing valve- seat ports 59, 59, 60, and 60d are respectively in communication With the interior of the cylinder by means of cylinder reversing-ports 59C', 59d', 60C', and 60d,the ports 59d and 60d', respectively, breaking into the cylinder outlet-channels 53" and 52b and being in the transverse planes, respectively, of the cylinder outlet-ports 53 and 52.

In addition to the above-described ports I also employ safety-ports, arranged, preferably, in the longitudinal planes of the reversing ports and channels, and hence clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 9, a pair of valve-seat safety-ports 63 and 63 being formed in the valve-seat contiguous to but beyond the reversing valve-seat port 59, and a similar pair ot safety- ports 64 and 64 being formed in the valve-seat contiguous to and beyond the reversing valve-seat ports 60C, and the face of the valve being provided with safety-chambers 631 and 64b designed, when the valve is in the proper position, to bridge and thus connect, respectively, the ports 63 63 and 64 64. The safety valve-seat ports are in communi- IOO IIO

IZO

cation with safety cylinder-ports 63" 63d and 64C 64;, the ports 63c and 64:" being in co1nmunication with the cylinder and the ports 63d and 64d being in communication with the cylinder inlet-channels 57" and 56", suitable channels 63 and Gt" being formed in the valveseat rest to properly connect the safety valveseat ports with the safety cylinder-ports, and corresponding channels 59c and 60@ being formed in the valve-seat rest to properly connect the valve-seat reversing-ports 59c and 60 with the cylinder reversing-ports 59" and 60"', all as clearly illustrated in full lines in Fig. 5 and in dotted lines in Fig. (5.

XVith the valve in the position indicated in Fig. 3 the motive agent is entering the cylinder through the cylinder inlet-port 56, and the piston is moving in the direction indicated by the arrow in said figure, and the cylinder is exhausting through the cylinder inlet-port 5i.a and the port 52 into the exhaust-cavity 50, all as indicated by arrows. Vhen the piston has advanced in the direction indicated by the arrows sufficiently to discover the cylinder-reversing port 59', the motive agent passes through said reversing-port, through the valve-seat reversing-port 59c into the reversing-channel 59, and thence into the chamber 6l at one end of the valve, and as the valve reversingport 60" is in communication with the valve-seat reversing-port 60d it is obvious that pressure in the chamber 62 will be relieved by exhaust through the channel 60 and into the outlet-channel 52". This will cause the valve to move toward its other position; but when the valve reaches an intermediate point, where the bridge 55 closes the exhaust-port 51, the valve-seat reversing-port 59c has been closed, the piston has advanced sufficiently to close the cylinder-exhaust port 52", and the ports 59" and 60 have been brought, respectively, into communication with the valve-seat reversing-ports 59d and G0". Owing to the lap and lead afforded by the excess of width of the bridge 55 over the exhaust-opening 5l and the relative positions of the ports 59", 60, 59d, and 60c the port 59d will be opened slightly in advance of the port 60", and hence steam is prevented from exhausting by reason of the exhaust-port 5l being closed, and the valve becomes balanced. Just as this relation between the parts is attained, however, and before the valve ceases motion by reason of the impulse given thereto by the admission of live motive agent into the chamber 6l the valve feed-port 57c comes into communication with the valve-seat inletport 57 and the bridge 55 slightly exposes the exhaust 5l. This immediately gives egress to the motive agent in the valve-Casin g chamber (52, while the pressure of the contents of the chamber 6l, admitted through the cylinder reversing-port 59", quickly throws the valve to the limit of its movement in the direction in which it has been advancing and wholly opens the valve-seat inlet-port 57 and causes the cavity 54 of the valve to connect the port 53 with the exhaust-cavity 50.

If when the piston has advanced in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3 sut'- ficiently to expose the cylinder-reversing port 59" the valve for any reason should refuse to move, as above indicated, under the influence of motive agent admitted to the chamber 61, a further movement of the piston sufficient to expose the cylinder safety-port 63c will alL low motive agent in the cylinder to pass upwardly through said cylinder safety-port G3c and the valve-seat safety-port 63, through the cavity 63" in the face of the valve, downwardly through the ports 63 and 63d, into the cylin der-inlet channel 57", and thenceinto the cylinder, in advance of the piston, through the cylinder-inlet port 57", thereby equalizing the pressure upon opposite sides of the piston and stopping the engine. Furthermore, it will be noted that the cylinder-inlet ports 52 and 53 vare located at a suiiicient distance from the opposite ends or heads of the cylinder to form a steam-cushion, and the steam remaining in the valve-casing in advance of the valve during its reversal and which is allowed to eX- haust when the communication between the valve-channel, as GO, and the exhaust-port 5l is established forms a cushion to prevent hammer of the valve.

All of the operating parts of the mechanism, as will be seen from the foregoing description, are concealed and protected from accumulations of dust, and hence may be kept in a properly-lubricated condition to insure prompt operation with the least friction and practically noiselessly. Furthermore, the automatic reversal of the valve by means of the exposure of the reversing-ports by the cylinder-piston avoids those inconveniences of displacement which are incident to valvegear employing eccentric and other connections heretofore in common use.

Various changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details of construction maybe resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim isl. The combination of a piston-cylinder having cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and feed and exhaust reversing-ports, the feed reversing-ports being controlled by the cylinder-piston, and a cylinder-port-controlling valve having channels in communication with the valve-casing at opposite sides of the plane of the valve, to apply fluid-pressure in opposite directions thereto, said valve also having feed and exhaust reversing-ports, in communication with the channels thereof, for alternate registration with said feed and exhaust reversing-ports of the cylinder, substantially as specified.

2. The combination of a piston-cylinder having cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and

IOO

feed and exhaust reversing-ports, the feed reversing-ports being controlled by the cylinder-piston, and a cylinder-port-controlling valve having channels in communication with the valve-Casin g at opposite sides of the plane of the valve, to apply fluid-pressure in opposite directions thereto, each channel having communicating feed and exhaust ports adapted for alternate respective registration With the feed and exhaust reversing-ports of the cylinder, substantially as specified.

3. The combination of a piston-cylinder having cylinder inlet and outlet ports, and feed and exhaust reversing-ports, the feed reversing-ports being controlled by the cylinder-piston, and a cylinder-port-controlling valve having channels in communication with the valve-casing at opposite sides ofthe plane of the valve, to apply fluid-pressure in opposite directions thereto, the exhaust reversing-ports being in communication respectively with the cylinder outlet-ports, and each channel of the valve having a feed and an exhaust reversing-port, of Which the feedport of one channel is adapted to register with one feed reversing-port of the cylinder, While the exhaust reversing-port of the other channel registers With an exhaust reversing-port of the cylinder, substantially as specified.

Ll. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism having a valve-seat provided with independent inlet-ports and piston-controlled outlet-ports which are in communication With the cylinder at different distances from the terminals thereof, said outlet-ports being adapted for closure by the cylinder-piston Without obstructing the inletports, an exhaust-port adapted for comm unication with either of said outlet-ports, feed and exhaust reversing-ports in communication With the cylinder, one of said feed-ports being adapted for exposure by the cylinderpiston While the said outlet-port is obstructed thereby, and a fluid-actuated valve mounted in a casing for controlling said ports in the valve-seat, and provided with an exhaustcavity for connecting one of said outlet-ports with the exhaust-port of the valve-seat, a feed-channel having feed-ports for alternate respective registration With the inlet-ports of the valve-seat, and conducting-channels in communication with the valve-casing respectively at opposite sides of the plane of the valve, and each provided with an inlet and an exhaust port for alternate respective registration With said inlet and exhaust reversingports of the valve-seat, substantially as specilied.

5. The combination With a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism having a valve-seat provided With independent inlet-ports and piston-controlled outlet-ports which are in communication with the cylinder at different distances from the terminals thereof, said outlet-ports being adapted for closure by the cylinder-piston Without obstructing the inletports, an exhaust-port adapted for communication with either of said outlet-ports, feed and exhaust reversing-ports in communication With the cylinder respectively adjacent to said outlet and inlet ports, one of said feed-ports being adapted for exposure by the cylinder-piston While the said outlet-port is obstructed thereby, and a fluid actuated valve mounted in a casing for controlling said portsV in the valve-seat, and provided with an exhaust-cavity for connecting one of said outlet-ports with the exhaust-port of the valve-seat, a feed-channel having feed-ports for alternate respective engagement with the inlet-ports of the valve-seat, and conductingchannels in communication with the valvecasing respectively at opposite sides of the plane of the valve, and each provided With an inlet and an exhaust port for alternate respective registration with said inlet and exhaust reversing-ports of the valve-seat, substantially as specified.

6. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism having a valve-seat provided With independent inlet-ports and piston-controlled outlet-ports Which are in communication with the cylinder at different distances from the terminals thereof, said outlet-ports being adapted for closure by the cylinder-piston Without obstructing the inletports, an exhaust-port adapted for communication with either of said outlet-ports, feed and exhaust reversing-ports in communication with the cylinder respectively adjacent to the said outlet and inlet ports, the feedreversing ports being located at points nearer the center of the length of the cylinder than the said outlet-ports, for exposure in advance of the outlet-ports during the advance movement of the cylinder-piston, substantially as specified.

7. The combination With a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism having a valve-seat provided With independent inlet-ports and outlet-ports in communication with the cylinder, an exhaust-port adapted to be connected with either of said outlet-ports, and also provided with reversing feed-ports and reversing exhaust-ports in communication with the`cylinder, and a Huid-actuated valve mounted in a casing for controlling said ports in the valveseat, and provided With an exhaust-cavity for connecting one of said outlet-ports with the exhaust-port of the valve-seat, a feed-channel having spaced feed-ports for alternate respective registration with the inlet-ports of the valve-seat, and conducting-channels, in communication with the valve-casing respectively at opposite sides of the plane of the valve, and each provided With an inlet and an exhaust port ,for alternate respective registration with said reversing inlet and exhaust ports of the valve-seat, substantially as specified.

8. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism having a valve-seat provided With independent inlet-ports and outlet-ports in communication With the cylinder, an exhaust-port adapted t0 be connected With IOO IIO

either of said outlet-ports, and also provided anda Huid-actuated cylinder-port-controlling with reversing feed-ports and reversing exhaust-ports in communication with the cylinder, and a fluid-actuated valve mounted in a casing forcontrolling said ports in the valveseat, and provided with an exhaust-cavity for connect-ing one of said outlet-ports with the exhaust-port ofthe valve-seat, a feed-chan nel having spaced feed-ports for alternate respective registration with the inlet-ports of the valve-seat, and conducting-channels, in communication with the valve-casing respectively at opposite sides of the plane ofthe valve, and each provided with an inlet and an exhaust port for alternate respective registration with said reversing inlet and exhaust ports of the valve-seat, the said exhaust conducting-ports, in communication with the conducting-channels, being arranged in advance of the coperating feed-ports which are in communication with the same channels, substantially as specified.

9. The combination of a piston-cylinder, a cylinder-port-controlling valve, piston-controlled,valve-reversing ports, and piston-controlled ports for equalizing fluidpressure upon opposite sides of the piston subsequent to the exposure of the reversing-ports, substantially as specified.

l0. The combination of a piston-cylinder, a cylinder-port-controlling valve, the cylinder being provided with piston-controlled safetyports in communication with cylinder feedports, and adapted when exposed to equalize the pressure upon opposite sides of the piston, and piston controlled valve -reversing ports, arranged for exposure prior to said safety-ports and having communication with the cylinder beyond the limit of its stroke, substantially as speciiied.

ll. The combination of a piston-cylinder, a fluid-actuated cylinder-port-controlling valve having its casing in communication by pistoncontrolled Valve-reversing ports with the cylinder, and piston-controlled safety-ports communicating with the cylinder at an interval greater than that between the reversing-ports, and communicating with the cylinder inletports for equalizing the pressure upon opposite sides of the plane of the piston subsequent to the exposure by the piston of the reversing-ports, substantially as specitied.

12. The combination of a piston-cylinder and a fluid-actuated cylinder-port-controlling valve of which the casi ng is in communication by piston controlled valve reversing ports with the piston-cylinder, the valve-seat being provided with pairs of ports of which the members are respectively in communication with the cylinder at an interval greater than said valve-reversing ports, and with the cylinder inlet-ports, and the valve being provided with cavities for connecting said ports in the valveseat in pairs to equalize the pressure upon opposite sides of the plane of the piston, substantially as specied.

13. The combination of a piston-cylinder valve of which the casing is in communication by piston-controlled feed and exhaust valve reversing-ports with the piston-cylinder, the valve-seat being provided with pairs of safetyports of which the members are respectively in communication with the cylinder, at an interval greater than said inlet-valve-reversing ports, and with the cylinder inlet-ports, the exhaust-valve-reversing ports being in comm unication with the cylinderoutlet-ports, and the valve being provided with cavities for connecting said safety-ports in pairs, to equalize the pressure upon opposite sides of the plane of the piston, and with cavities for connecting the inlet reversing-ports with the valve-casing at one side of the valve, and an outlet reversing-port with the valve-Casin g at the other side of the valve, substantially as specified.

li. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism including a valve-seat provided with cylinder inlet, outlet, and exhaust ports, with reversing-ports in communication with the intcriorof the cylinder, and with pairs of safety-ports, one member of each pair of safety-ports being in communication with the interior of the cylinder, and the other with the adjacent cylinder inletport, and each safet I'-port which is in communication with the cylinder being arranged contiguous to one of said reversing-ports, for simultaneous closure by the cylinder-piston, and a valve having its casing, at opposite sides of the plane of the valve, in communication with said reversingports,provided with an exhaust-cavity for connecting the cylinder outlet-ports with the exhaust-port of the valveseat, feed-ports for communication with the inlet-ports of the Valve-seat, and safety-channels for connecting the members of said pairs of safety-ports, to equalize the pressure upon opposite sides of the plane of the cylinderpiston when the latter approaches the limits of its strokes, substantially as specified.

l5. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism including a valve-seat provided with cylinder inlet, outlet, and eX- haust ports, with reversing-ports in communication with the interior of the cylinder, and with pairs of safety-ports, one member of each pair of safety-ports being in communication with the interior of the cylinder, and the other with the adjacent cylinder inletport, and each safety-port which is in communication with the cylinder being arranged contiguous to one of said reversing-ports, for simultaneous closure by the cylinder-piston, and a valve having channels respectively in communication with chambers at opposite sides of the plane of the valve and provided with ports for communication with said reversing-ports of the valve-seat, an exhaustcavity for connecting the outlet-ports of the valve-seat with the exhaust-port, having continuously-supplied feedports for alternate registration with the inlet-ports of the valve- IOO IIO

seat, and also having safety-channels for connecting said pairs of safety-ports to equalize the pressure upon opposite sides of the plane of the piston when the latter approaches the lcimits of its strokes, substantially as speci- 16. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism including a valve-seat provided with cylinder inlet, outlet, and exhaust ports, reversing-ports in communication with the interior of the cylinder, and pairs of safety-ports, one member of each pair being in communication with the interior of the cylinder and the other with the contiguous cylinder inlet-port, the reversing and safety ports which are in communication with the cylinder being controlled by the cylinderpiston and being arranged for successive exposure in the order named as the piston approaches the limit of each stroke, and a valve having its casing in communication at opposite sides of the plane of the valve With reversing-ports locatedat equal distances from opposite ends of the piston-cylinder, and said valve being provided with an exhaust-cavity, spaced feed-ports for registration with the cylinder inlet-ports, and safety-channels for connecting the pairs of safety-ports, substantially as specified.

17. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism having a central exhaustport, spaced cylinder outlet-ports and spaced cylinder inlet-ports, and also provided at obliquely-opposite points, contiguous to the cylinder inlet-ports with feed and exhaust reversing-ports, both of which are in communication with the cylinder for control by the cylinder-piston, and the latter of which is in communication with the cylinder outlet-port, and a valve having its casing in communication at points upon opposite sides of the plane of the valve with a feed and an exhaust reversing-port located near opposite ends of the cylinder, said communication being made through independent channels and ports in the valve, and said valve being also provided with an exhaust-cavity and a plurality of feed-ports for alternate registration with the cylinder inlet-ports,substantially as specified.

1S. The combination With a piston-cylinder, of valve mechanism including a valve-seat provided with cylinder inlet, outlet, and exhaust ports, and piston-controlled reversing inlet and exhaust ports arranged in planes upon opposite sides of the plane of said cylinder-ports, and a valve provided in the plane of said cylinder-ports with an exhaust-cavity and a continuouslysupplied feed-channel having ports for registration, respectively, with the cylinder inlet-ports, and provided in the planes, respectively, of said reversingportswith channels in communication with the valve-Casin g respectively at opposite sides of the plane of the valve and having ports for registration With the reversing-ports, substantially as specitied.

19. Apumphavingacontinuouscylindrical casing divided by an intermediate annular partition to form piston and plunger cylinders, a pump barrel having its inner end, threaded in the opening of said partition and spaced at its outer end from the end of the plunger-cylinder, said barrel being provided at its inner end With a Wrench-seat, a piston and a connected plunger seated, respectively, in said piston-cylinder and pump-barrel, the outer end of the piston-cylinder having a removable head, andthe piston being provided with a Wrench-seat accessible through the adjacent head-fitted end of the cylinder, valved inlet and outlet pipes in communication with the plunger-cylinder, and valve mechanism for controlling the admission and exhaust of motive agent for actuating the piston, substantially as speciiied.

20. The combination with a pump having a Huid-actuated plunger, and valve mechanism for controlling the admission and exhaust of motive fluid, the pump-cylinder having communicating inlet and outlet pipes, of asupply-pipe tapping the said inlet-pipe radially, an exhaust-conveyer communicating with the exhaust-port of said valve mechanism and entering the inlet-pipe of the pump-cylinder axially, and a three-Way cock arranged at the intersection of said exhaust-conveyer with the exhaust-port of the valve mechanism, substantially as specified.

2l. The combination with a pump having a fluid-actuated plunger, and valve mechanism for controlling the admission -and exhaust of motive agent,said pump-cylinder having communicating inlet and outlet pipes provided with check-valves, and the valve mechanism having an exhaust-pipe 3l, of a supply-pipe tapping said inlet-pipe radially, an exhaustconveyer 27 communicating laterally with said exhaust-pi pe of the valve mechanism and terminating in a nozzle arranged axially in the inlet-pipe of the pump-cylinder across the communicating end of the supply-pipe, and a three-Way cock arranged at the intersection of said exhaust-conveyer with the exhaustpipe of the valve mechanism, substantially as specified.

22. The combination with a piston-cylinder, of a fluid-actuated cylinder-port-controlling valve, mounted in a casing which is in communication with the cylinder by ports controlled by the cylinder-piston, the valve having at one end a socket disposed transversely to the path of movement of the valve, and a stem itting to slide in a guide in the end of the valve-casing, and provided at its inner end with a transverse stud for detachable en- IOO IIO

gagement with said socket in the valve, suby

Images