US640996A - Burner. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Jan. 9, I900.

C. R. DALLAS, T. S. LEESE 8L G. W. GRANGER.

(No Model.)

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C. R. DALLAS, T. S. LEESE & G. W. GRANGER.

BURNER.

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. 5 I I y W No. 640,996. Patented Jan. 9, I900. C. B. DALLAS, T. S. LEESE & G. W. GRANGER.

B U R N E R (Application filed Feb. 15, 1897;)

3 Sheets-Sheet s.

(No Model.)

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PATENT Cirrron.

CHARLES R. DALLAS, THADDEUS S. LEESE, AND GIDEON W. GRANGER, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

BURNER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 640,996, dated January 9, 1900.

A lication filed February 15, 1897. Serial No. 623,460. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES R. DALLAS, THADDEUS S. LEESE, and GIDEON W. GRAN- GER, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Pittsbnrg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Our-invention relates to that type of burner in which the combustion of the gas and air is utilized to produce incandescence in a refractory mantle or envelop. I-Ieretofore lamps or burners of this description inwhich incandescing mantles have been employed have been subject to the objection that any injury to the mantle or envelop by which its perfect continuity was impaired would cause the globe or chimney to become burned at the spot where the flame projected through the imperfect mantle and impinged upon the glass. This result was due to the high degree of heat imparted to the globe or chimney by the flame at that particular point, whereby the temperature was suddenly raised and an unequal expansion produced, resulting in the fracture of the globe or chimney. The expense from this source has been a serious and nearly-fatal objection to all lamps or burners of this type,and in large establishments where a considerable number of lights are necessary the aggregate loss from this cause, even with the utmost care, has been very great.

It is one purpose of our present invention to remedy this defect and to wholly remove the objection to which it has given rise. We propose, also, to provide a burner employing an incandescing mantle or envelop and so constructed that the chimney or globe can receive no injury from the flame and will at no time acquire a temperature so high that it cannot be handled.

It is our purpose, also, to combine with a burner of the type mentioned novel, simple, and externally-adj usted means for controlling the proportions in which gas and air are admitted to sustain combustion. These members control the main and subsidiary flames independently.

We also propose to combine simple and efdifferentrforms of mixing devices.

ficient means for thoroughly and uniformly mixing the gas and air in whatever propor' tions they may be desired in order to produce a stable, uniform, and perfectly-steady com- 5 5 bustion and incandescence,whereby the illumination is free from that constant variation in brilliancy due to variations in the quantity of atmospheric oxygen supplied to the flame.

It is our further object to combine with the above novel means for supplying atmospheric oxygen to support interior combustion within the mantle or envelop, and such devices may be utilized for giving support to such mantles or envelops.

Our invention also comprises improved features of construction for supporting a de-' flector and means for admitting air to the sphere of combustion, as well as meanstfor connecting or mounting the shutter.

Finally, we also aim to combine therewith simple means for supporting the globe or shade, as well as other novel and useful features,which will be explained hereinafter and then more particularly pointed out and defined in the claims.

For the purpose of the following description reference will be had to the accompanying drawings, illustrating our invention, in which-- Figure 1 is a central vertical section showing a burner in which our invention is incorporated. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of our improved burner. Fig. 3 isa vertical sectional view of the burner with globe, mantle, and shade-holder removed. Fig. at is a vertical sectional view of a portion of the mixing-chamber, showing one form of mixer and the de flector. Fig. 5 is an inverted plan view of the air-shutter. Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views of Fig. 8 is a detail view, partially in section, of the ad j ustable gas-check which may be substituted for the by-pass when so desired. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a detachable shade-holder which may be employed in lieu of the holder shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 10 is an inverted plan view of the detachable shade-holder shown in Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the parts of the by-pass valve detached. Fig. 12 is a perspective View of the plug or cock. Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view of the valve and spud. Fig. 14 is a detail plan view of the plug-valve or cock, partly in section. Fig. 15 is a transverse sectional view of the same. Fig. 16 is an underneath plan view.

In the drawings, 1 indicates the base of the burner, which may be formed to fit upon any suitable gas-tip or other source of supplyand has the valve-casing formed integral therewith. In this valve-casing is a plug-valve or cock 2, having a main channel 3 and a subsidiary or smaller channel 4, feeding into a chamber 3 and registering alternately with.

passages 5 and 6 in the lower part of the valve-casing, so that when one is closed the other is open, and vice versa. part the valve-casing is provided with a single passage 56, registering with the chamber of the spout and with the chamber 3. The volume of gas passing through the passages 6 and 56 is regulated by adjusting screws 7 and 8, particularly constructed so that the main and the subsidiary flame may be accurately controlled. The plug-valve or check 2 is operated by a cross-head 9, to the ends of which chains or cords 10 are attached.

, The valve-casing extends a little above the cock 2 and is provided with a threaded neck or terminal ll, to which is attached a spud 12, the end of which is provided with one or more passages for the gas. The spud lies .within and is wholly surrounded by an aircham'ber 13. This chamber is substantially hemispherical in form, its lower face being convex. It is mounted centrally upon the upper end of the base 1, its flat upper face forming the chimney base or support 14. In the convex wall of the chamber are formed a series of openings 15, all radiating from the center and increasing in widthtoward the projecting flange 16, which surrounds the chimney-base. Within said chamber is arranged a valve-plate 17, substantially similar to the convex wall and having openings 18, alternating with solid portions 19. This valve-plate fits upon the inner or on the outer face of the wall of the air-chamber and is swiveled upon it or other suitable 'sup port, so that it may turn in either direction. The amount of atmospheric oxygen admitted is regulated automatically by an arm or lever 20, rigid on the cock or valve, its up'p'er end engaging the valve-plate or shutter 17. Thus as the gas-cock is turned to increase or diminish the volume of gas admitted the shutter will be operated by the same movement and will be closed or opened to such-degree a's toincrease or diminish the air-supply in due proportion to the regulation effected in the volume of gas admitted. Thus a proper supply of air will at all times be furnished to the burner, its quantity being automatically regulated with the change from main to subsidiary flames, and the closing of this shutter also protects the subsidiary flame from exterior draft, as the gas that maintains the sub- In its uppersidiary flame passes through the mixing-cham her in the same manner as the gas for the main flame, and when the cook or valve 2 is operated to change from main to subsidiary flame the arm or lever 20, connecting the cock or valve and the valve-plate or shutter 17, automatically closes the shutter, so as to exclude any exterior draft, but admitting sufficient air to the mixing-chamber 23 to afford perfect combustion of the subsidiary flame. It will be understood that the adj usting-screws which regulate the gas-passages are wholly independent of other devices.

Overhang'ing-the spud and descending a little below the upper end of the same is a hood 21, having the general form of an inverted truncated cone, or approximately so, the lower edge of which extends to or nearly to the interior wall of the hemispherical air-chain her at a point about midway between the chimney-base and the point of support of the air-chamber. Between its upper or smaller end and its lower and larger end the hood is provided with arms 22, which unite with the chimney-base 14. The contracted upper end of the hood communicates with a mixing chamber 23, which extends upward into the I lower end of asurrounding mantle or envelop.

Said chamber may be provided with a forami-' nous cap 24, usually formed of wire-gauze or sheet metal. Within the mixing-chamber is arranged one or more series of blades 24 for commingling the gas and air.

Surrounding the mixing-chamber above the hood is a deflector 25, similar, approximately, to the hood, but inverted, the upper and larger end of the deflector lying at a point between the mixing-chamber and the globe or chimney 29.

The mantle may be adjust-ably supported in the usual or in any preferred way, the means shown in Fig. 3 being and 27, fastened by a set-screw 28. At suitable intervals around the globe or chimney 29 may be arranged vertical bars 30, which extend upward to a suitable height and are united by a suitable band 31. Supports 32 are provided for a shade, and supports 33 are also provided upon the chimney-base; but these have an upward and outward instead of a downward and outward inclination. A detachable shade-holder may be provided, if preferred, asshown in Figs. 9 and 10. It will be observed that the air which enters the shutter-openings in the hemispherical walls of the air-chamber or those portions of said openings which lie above the adjacent edge of the hood will impinge upon the outer face of the deflector, and may be directed upward between the globe or chimney and the incandesicent mantle or envelop. This air-current, be-

ing carried upward between the face-mantle or envelop and the inner face of the globe or chimney, will deflect escaping flame from the imperfect mantle or envelop and will "direct it upward in its own path. Being thus cont-rolled from an outward projection, its

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contact with the globe or chimney is prevented and the preservation of the latter is assured. Moreover, this shrouding column of air entering at normal temperature will protect the globe or chimney from the high heat of the incandescent mantle or envelop, so that the globe or chimney can be easily handled. By this feature of our invention the globe or chimney is proof against injury due to a perforation or break in the continuity of the incandescent mantle or envelop.

We may employ a central air-conducting tube 34, which passes through the mixingchamber and the foraminous cap 24: toa point within the mantle or envelop. This tube is provided with perforations 35 for the escape of air into the interior of the mantle or .envelop, thus affording support to an interior combustion, while the outer current aids in supporting the exterior incandescence of the mantle. This interior tube may also be utilized as a support for the mantle or envelop, one form of which is shown by numeral 36.

We may support the shutter in any manner most advantageous in manufacture, and we desire to call particular attention to the peculiar principle involved in our system of delivery of the elements for combustion. It will be noted also that various changes may be made in the details of construction of our improved burner Without departing from the general spirit of our invention.

Having fully described our iuven tion,what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In a gas-burner, the combination of an incandenscing mantle or envelop having a gas and air chamber underneath, a gas and air mixing device within said chamber, and a hood located below the mixing-chamber for directing a current of air within said chamber, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. In a burner of the type described, the combination of a gas and air supplying device, a foraminous tube, a mantle or envelop supported by said tube, a hood arranged within said burner to direct a column of air between said mantle or envelop and a surrounding globe or chimney, substantially as herein shown and set forth.

3. In a burner of the type described, a chamber having walls provided with openings, a shutter arranged within said chamber, a hood arranged in said burner to direct a current of air into the mixing-chamber and a separate current of air between the mantle and globe or chimney, a cutofi arranged in the gas-supply pipe, and means carried by said cut-off to automatically adjust the shutter, substantially as herein shown and set forth.

4. In a gas-burner, a valve-casing having in its lower portion two independent passages 5 and 6, and in its upper portion a single passage 56, leading to the burner-tip, a valve in said casing having two independent passages 3 and 4, for registry with the passages 5 and 6 respectively, and having a chamber into which said passages 3 and 4: merge, said casing having perforated regulating-screws in the channels 6 and 56.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses:

A. M. WILSON,- GEO. B. PARKER.

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