US64049A - James walber - Google Patents

Description

@latten tstrsatwt @frn JAMES WALBER, OF WASHING'ION, DlSTRlOT OF COLUMBIA Letters Patent No. 64,049, dated April 23, 1867,

IMPROVEMENT IN MAHINE FOR FELTING HAT-BODIES.'

' lite tlgnhirle referat tu in tiges tttu's lntnxt nu uniting put nf Ilgc samt.

TO ALL `WHOM IT MAY CONCERNE l Beit known that I, JAMES WALBER, of the city of Washington, and District of Columbia, have inventeda new and improved Machine for Felting Hat-Bodies; and I. do hereby declare that the following is a-furll, clear, and exact description of the construction and operationrofthc same, refereneebeing had to the acciimpanying drawings, making a partof this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved machine for felting hat-bodies. Figure 2, a transverse section taken in the plane :a: y of 1. Figure 3, a longitudinal side elevation. Figure 4, a View in detail of adjusting arrangement foii gearing. Figure 5, a view in detail ofjournal-box of driving-shaft of roller in a sliding-way of theninch-ine. Likeoletters in the dilereut guresmf the drawings indicate like parts. The naturebf my invention consists in` the following improvements iu the construction o" machines for "l" felting hatfbodies: First, diminishing the speeduof revolution in each successive pair of rollersfrom the front or` feeding end of the machine to the rear, so far as may be found expedient, for the purpose ot' compacting the material. This I effect either by slightly reducing the diameter of each successive pair of rollers, or, where all the rollers are of uniform diameter, by any proper adjustment of the gearing ot' said rollers. Second, in the employment of a single endless chain, in combination with toothed wheels upon the ends of two series of rollers in the place of cogged gearing, for the purpose of irnpartinfT tbe required rotary movement. Third, placing the' journaLboXes of the driv'ingshaft in' sliding-waysto permit the adjustment offthe endless 4chain connecting said shaft with the several rollers, and the combination therewith of suitable springs or weights to maintain a constant tension of said chain. Fourth, extending the journals oi' the lower rollers, so as to allow them lateral movementin their hearings, and imparting acons'tant reciprocating` movement to each in its bearings by 'means of cams upon the outer ends of its journals working against suitable 'tixed cam surfaces. Fitth, construetingithe lower rollers which revolve successively with diminished speed, hollow, to be 'heated by passing ncurrent ot' steam through the same. Sixth, constructinnr'` a. reversing roller placed in the rear end of the machine to return the felted fabric to the front, with an auxiliary roller placed over the same, to bear (thereon land operate conjointly therewith. Y "l My improved machine is constructed cfa series otrollers, A. AfA, B B B, arranged horizontally in pairs,

the two in each pair being placed .one above the other. The journals of the upper rollers are supported insuitable boxes formed in plates C, which play'vertically in suitable grooves o'r ways formed in the frame of the machine, or between vertical standards D D, figs. lV and 5, arranged to support them, and which form part of ther frame. Weights E E, figs. l and 3, are provided tol rest upon these sliding plates C to bear down the upper rollers upon those beneath with such degree of pressure as may he found expedient, these weights being kept in position by upright rods a, iig. 3, projecting from the standards through apertures in said weightsA The three last pair of rollers B B B are of equal diameters, but each pair A A A in front of these are made suc cessively to increase slightly in circumference. Each roller in the machine is provided with a toothed wheel, F,- secured upon the outer end of one of its journals, said toothed. wheels being placed alternately upon the upper and lower roller in cach pair on each side of the frame. Cams Zi 7J, fig. 2, are formed upon the outer end of each lower roller, either upon the extended journal or upon the face of the toothed wheel secured thereon which ,bear against stationary pins or plates c c; the position and inclination of the two cams upon the ends being reversed so as to cause in the `revolution of the roller a reciprocating movement thereof in its bearings. These lower rollers and their journals are formed hollow, as illustrated in tig. 2. One end of each is fitted to receive at its i centre or axis, loosely but snugly, the nozzle of aV pipe, d, branching from a main steam pipe, G, placed for the purpose along each side of the frame of the machine, Whilst the other is left open to admit of the discharge of the steam and water condensed therefrom. Steam is thus admitted to these lower rollers alternately from each side of the machine throughA the end ot' each roller which carries its toothed wheel. In the rea-r of the lower rollers, and in the same axial plane therewith, is placed a di'i\'ing-shaft, H, provided with toothed wheels at both ends similar to those upon the rollers. Endless chains K K, formed of square open links so proportioned as to engage fairly with the several toothed wheels I" F, are arranged on each side to pass over and around the toothed wheels of the driving-shaft Il at one ond and ot' thc lower roller or of an extra Wheel L, at the othenthe upper stretch oi' cach chain passing between the toothed wheels on, the upper and lower rollers engaging with the teeth of' each, whilst the lower stretch lies free and disengaged below them,.as seen in iig. 1. Thus the motion eemmunicatetl to the driving-shaft H is readily imparted to each of the rollers without the expensive and intricate trainot' cogged wheels usually adopted. In order to keep the endless chains K under proper tension, and yet allow them yto adopt themselves to the varying vertical as well us the lateral movements of the rollers, thcjournalcen-io 2 -noxes of the driviugfshaft are arranged to slide in horizontal ways or slots 71 L. lig. 4. Pivotcd levers M lll figs. 3 and 4f, whose arms 'more in a vertical plane, swingl and hear against the journal-boxes to push them out wardly in the ways li 7L, the pressure being obtained by means of springs N, attached to the upper" free ends of the arms. nstead of interposing levers to obtain the elastic tension upon the chaimsi'irings may be secured to or combined directly with the sliding,journal-boxes. Au auxiliary reversing roller, O., is placed in the rear of the operating rollers A B, in close proximity to the last pair B thereof, with its axis in a plane midway between the ax'is of' said rollers. This roller is made to revolve in a direction opposite to that of' the operating rollers. A second smaller'roller, P, is placed immediately over it and left free to rest uponit. A vat of warm water is so arranfred beneath the machine as that the lower o )eratinsy rollers shall barel di therein and their surfaces i are thus kept continually moist when in use. lhey are at the same time kept heated to a propel' temperature by the steam made to pass through them. y I

In the operation et' the machine the hat-bodies areyfed iu between the two front rollers A A, which compress and pass them to the nextpair. As the first pain-A A, owing to their larger diameter, have a. more rapid move? ment than the second, A A, the material is crowded and compressed or butted against the latter, and consequen'tly passes between them with a closer, more compact tissue; the same result is obtained in the passage of the material from the second A A to the third pair, A A, of rollers, andlmay be continued yet longer by inereasinfar the number of rollers oi' diminishing diameters. 'lh-e last three pair, B i3, of rollers are left oi' uniform diameter to inish completely, compactinijv` and condensing the fibres compressed by the ilrst series of rollers. The constant reeiprocatingmovement of the lower rollers in a direction transverse to the movement oi' the t'elted material serves to give the required rubbing and felting to the same as it passes over them. When the hat-bodies pass from the last pair of rollers they butt against the reversing roller O, which, revolving` in an opposite direction, carries them immediately upwards, and, together with the small auxiliary roller l* resting thereon, throws them back upon th'e upper rollers whose revolutions serve to carry them to the front. The degree of pressure exerted ponthc material is regulated by means of the wei his bearing down on the upper rollers, whilst the action rof the levers and springs M undy N upon the sliding journal-boxes of the driving-shaft maintains automatically a proper'adjustment of the endless chains K' to the variation oi' the upper rollers, eauscd by the different thicknesses of the hat-bodies passed through the machine. As the butting or thickening ci' the i'elted hat-bodies is obtained in my machine by diminishing vthe speed in revolution of successive pairs of rollers, I contemplate any modo of obtaining and adjusting the same, and do not limit myseli` to the use ot' rollers oi' varying diameters, hut contemplate using rollers ot' equal diameters, and retarding the revolution of successive pairs thereov by suitable combinations of cogged gearing, or'by diminishing the number of teeth in the toothed \vhecls F, combined with an endless chain, K, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, or inany other suitable manner. I contemplate also any suitable arrangement of cams 5b upon theI ends of the rollers to impart thereto thorequired reciprocating movement, my invention having reference. to the use, in machines for felting hat-bodies, of rollers having reciprocating movements in their hearings, independent o" the stationary frame which supports them however such reciprocating movements may be, imparted thereto.

'Having thus Tully described my improved. machine for felling hat-bodies, what I claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isl u 1'. The combination and arrangement, in a machine for felting hat-bodies, of twoor more pairs of rollers having a rotary movement, when each successive pair revolves with a diminished speed, `all substantially in the manner and for the purpose as herein sot forth.' y

The combination, us above, ot' two or more pairs o? rollers whose diameters-iso vary as that the circumference of each successive pair shall revolve with diminished speed, substantially in the manner and for the purpose as herein 'set forth.

3. ,The combination, in a. fcltin machine, of a 'serios of pairs of rollers, each pair of which has a lesser velocity than the preceding pair, with a series of pairs ot" rollers having a uniform velocity, as and for the purpose herein described.

4. The combination, in a 'felting machine, of a series oi' rollers supported in a fixed `i'rume but one-h having an independfntly lateral play in its bearings in the line of its axis, substantially as and for the purpose herein described. I

5. imparting a lateral reciprocating movement to thc rollers of a machine -for 'felting haitbodies by means of cams ou the ends oi' said rollers, or their journals bcn-ring against suitable cam surfaces, when each of said rollers hasfree play iudependei'itly ot" the others in the line of its axis, all substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

6. The use ot`^a series ot' hollow rollers in a felting machine, with suitable steam pipes for introducing steam into the same when said rollers revolve successively with a diminished speed, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

T. The combination of a reversing roller, placed centrally in front of the last paient" rollers in u Felting machine, with an auxiliary roller placed over the sume to bear thereon and operate conjoiutly therewith, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

8. The combination oi' a single endless chain and toothed wheels with :two series of rollers in u. feltng machine, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

9. The combination of' suitable s rinus with the slidinfr carnal-boxes of the driviuc-shaft, and with au p C D D endless chain workin thereon all substantiall as and for the ur aose herein set forth. l, f P 1 JAMES WALBE it.

1Witnesses WILLIAM FITCH, Jnssn ZEP?.

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