US635481A - Superheater. - Google Patents

Description

"0. $35.48!. Patented Oct. 24, I899. G. HENKEL.

SUPEBHEATER.

Amman and m 11, 1898.)

(No Model.)

W; mess as mdfvfe m iTED GUSTAV I-IENKEL, OF XVILHELMSHOHE, GERMANY.

SUPERH EATER.

SPECIFIGATIQN formingoart of Letters Patent No. 635,481, dated October 24, 1899. Application filed July 11, 1898. Serial No. 685,675. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GUSTAV HENKEL, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor,

and a resident of Wilhelmshohe, near Cassel,

in the Province of Hesse-NassamGerman Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Superheaters with Regulable Adjustable Grates, (for which patent application was filed in Germany on the 13th of December, 1897, and in Sweden on the 13th of December, 1897,) of which the following is an exact specification.

This invention relates to superheaters with regulable adjustable grates, and has for its object to provide for the arrangement of a superheater, more especially where a very limited space for such purpose is available.

The invention described hereinafter 'permits of the employment of a superheating device in the smallest possible occupation of space or the smallest imaginable heating-surface of the heating-body and provides also for the attainment of a high superheating of the steam. By the employment of a superheater of this description the possibility of obtaining a superheating of the steam is afforded also for such boilers where only a very limited space for the building in of the superheaterin the region of the fire-box is available. As, however, the attaining of such object is only possible by the influence of the most intensive action of the tire upon the heating-surface of the superheater-that is to say, at a position of the superheater where the same is in closest proximity to the fire it becomes a necessity to maintain the durability of the superheater that the same during the first firing-up of the boiler or during pauses in the use of the steam plant, that the said superheater may be so arranged that the same shall be protected from the extreme heat of the fire, more especially from the socalled pointed or direct flame, and in general that the capability of the regulation of the heat toward the superheater shall be as nearly perfect as it is possible to attain.

The above-sketched problem has been solved in the manner hereinafter described, and shown in the drawings forming part of this specification, in which- Figures 1 and 2 show a circular superheater constructed according to my invention in vertical section and plan, while Figs. 3 and t sl1ow a slightly-modified shape of a supercould be substituted by channels inside the said cast-steelor cast-iron ring, the said channels being formed to a superheater without employing the previouslymentioned wroughtiron spiral; but in this latter case a risk of a loss of steam would exist not only by the possible presence of small pores and cracks in such superheating body, but also by the diffusion or expansion of a temporary but very high degree of heat exercised upon the superheater. There are also, as will be apparent, technical difficulties in the proper construction of channels of so small a size as would be necessary for such superheating bodies. On the other hand, it could not also be seriously taken into consideration to construct uncovered spirals, more especially with refere nce to the question of their durability, nor would it be practicable to expose the bare tube-spiral to the action of the direct flame. For this reason a fireproof material such as is afforded, for instance, by wrought-iron, is absolutely necessary for the protection of the spiral. Furthermore, it is also apparent that the greater mass of metal (when using the Wrought-iron mantle or body) will also tend to protect the superheater from the great variation of the heat caused by the unequal stoking of the fire. Thus the metal mass in which the spiral is embedded forms to a certain degree a kind of heat-accumulator.

In order to prevent too excessive an action of the fire upon the superheateri. 6., to optionally regulate this action or infiuence the grate is provided with a device which by means of a simple hand manipulation per-' mits the adjusting of the grate at any height within the ring a. When the boiler is first fired up or stoked, the grate would be so placed that its top edge or its upper edge would approximately close,as it were,the ring (1, whereby, as is apparent, the said ring a would be absolutelyprotected from the pointed or direct flame. \Vhen for the purpose of starting the engine the steam-valveis opened, so that the ring receives the necessary cooling by the flow of steam into the spiral, the grate should be allowed to sink and subsequently lifted or raised, as required, when the temperature of the steam again becomes too great. The closed position of the ring must be assumed at a comparatively low height in order that when the grate is in its lowest position the attention to the same may not be made too inconvenient.

If the superheater is so arranged as represented by Figs. 3 and 4viz., that instead of the same being entirely of a closed shape the latter is open at the front (resembling in form that of a reap-hook)-the result would be: First, the height would then not be dependent upon the position of the fire-doors; second, there would be convenient space to conduct the flow and return pipes from underneath and yet have the same fully protected, (see Fig. 3,) while when the ring is closed or when the superheater has an entirely circular shape the conducting of the water would have to be efiectcd through a horizontal tube 1), Fig. 1, where it was desired to avoid the attachment of a projection. extending toward the inside, which would have the effect of decreasing the size of the grate.

The before mentioned closed circularshaped superheater possesses the advantage that the tube cast in can consist of a continuous spiral, while, as shown in Fig. 3, in the case of the open or reap-hook-shaped superheater it would be necessary to employ connectors or caps for the tubes of the return flow. Notwithstanding the above for existing boilers, however, this lastnamed construction would be chosen, more especially on account of the possibility of the convenient building in of the same. In general it Although this last-described superheate-r is in an especial degree suitable for the last-named type of boilers, yet the use of the same would be practicable as an example for fire-tube boilers, for which cases the superheating-frame would be given a U shape and would be open toward the fire-door.

Lastly the device for raising and lowering the grate could of course be effected by various mechanisms. Care only must be taken that the movement is such as to avoid any binding which could be occasioned by onesided pressure and friction upon the grate or upon thesuperheating-frame. Furthermore,

the mechanism chosen must not allow the grate to move in a slanting direction; also the actuating mechanism here in question must be exceedingly simple and must not render the grate nor the ash-box inaccessible for cleaning purposes. These conditions I have fulfilled by means of the lever construction described, and shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This mechanism is as follows: Two short shafts c c with four levers (Z grip the grate-frame at four points simultaneously and raise and lower the same without any lateral pressure when the hand lever is actuated, said handlever e by means of the diagonal rodfand lever connecting the two shafts e and c. As the two levers (Z d, or, more precisely, each set of levers d (1, move in an opposite direction, all lateral pressure is removed, in consequence of which the grate is lifted in a freely-suspended condition.

Having thus fully described the nature of this invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- In a steam superheating device, in which the superheater proper can itself be heated by the flames of a furnace, the combination with a circular super-heater having its super heating-pipes inclosed in a vertical wall, a vertically-movable grate surrounded by said superheating-pipes, means for displacing the grate and maintaining it at any height to protect the superheater against the pointingflame while stoking the boiler, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

GUSTAV HENKEL.

Witnesses:

JULIUS FRANKIE, LULU KoTHE.

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