US630363A - Filter. - Google Patents

Description

Ptenteu Aug. a, |899. A. E. KRAusE.

FILTER.

(Apxiqfiun mea July 1a, 159s.)

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4 Sheets- Sheet l.

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(No Model.)

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QM/M wm@ ATTORN EYS.

TN: panels PETERS co, Pnoro-LJYNO.. wAsNmstoN, mc.

Patented Aug.- ,8, |899. A. E. KRAUSE.

FILTER.

(Application led July 13, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2,

(No Model.)

INVENTOR m M BY 74A ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. s. |899. A. E. KnAusE.

FILTER.

(Application led July 13, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 R O Tl N E V N ATTORNEYS m: mms Pucns co. maremma.. wnsmu Ulu Model.)

No. 630,363. A Patented Aug. s, |399.`

yA.1E. KnAusE.

FILTER.

(Application med July 13, 1898.)

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

wnNl-:ssEsL mvENToR' l ATTORNEYS TH: cams Pirsws co, womurno.. wnsnmcnou. u c.

UNTEh Srivri'isjl PATENT EEICE.

ARTHUR KRAUSE, or JERSEY CITY, lNEW JERSEY.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION frming part ef Letters Patent NQ. eeoeauatea August s, 189e.

Apparition nea July 13. isssf serial No. 685,816. (No man.)

To aLZZ whom imty concern:-

13@ a known that I, ARTHUR E. 'KEAUSE a citizen of the United States, residin gat Jersey City, in the countyof Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in Filters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to filters, and particularly to filters designed for removing oil from boiler feed-water, although the improved' fil` ter herein described is also applicable to the removal of sand, sediment, and impurities generally from water and to the filtration of all other fluids.

My invention consists in a novel arrangement of filter-bagswithin `the filter, in the. novel means employed for supporting said bags and carrying off the filtrate, in the novel lmeans provided `for maintaining passages through which the unfiltered liquid may reach all portions of the filtering surfaces and through which the filtrate may escape, in the novel manner of introducing the-unfiltered liquid into the filter so as to avoid the settling of sediment upon the filter-bags, in the novel; means employed for cleansing the filter with out removing the bags therefrom, and gener-I ally in the novel combination, construction ,l and arrangement of thewparts.Y i L The objects of my invention are,` first, to provide a filter particularly adapted for the removal of oil from feed-water, but likewise adapted for general filtration, andwhich is compact and contains a very large filtering-V surface in proportion to its size; second, to so arrange the filtering material or medium that all portions of such medium shall be; equally and highly efficient; third, to provide an improved construction and arrangement of filter-bags and improved means for supporting the same, maintaining passages for the unfiltered and filtered liquids, and carrying off the filtrate; fourth, to provide means for preventing, so far as possible, the settling of sediment upon the filter-bags; fifth, to provide means for cleansing the filter, and, sixth, to so construct the filter that it shall be durable, easily operated, easily cleaned, readily taken apart and put together, and compara- 'tively inexpensive. These objects are attained in the filter herein described, and illustrated in the drawings which accompany and form a part of this specification, in which the same reference-numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts, and in which- Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of the filter through the center thereof, taken on the line a, a of Fig. 2,1ooking in the direction ofthe arrows. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the filter, taken on the line b b of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 3 is a detail view showing one of the filter-bag carriers with a number of bags thereon, some of which are sectioned, and showing also iu section the header into rwhich the filtrate from the various series of filter-bags is discharged. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section, on the scale of Figs. l and 2, of this header, the section being taken on the line c c of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section of' one of the filter-bag carriers,.taken on the line d d of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of the arrows, the front layer of fabric of the filter-bag shown being broken away to show the bossed spacing-ring within the bag. Fig. 6 is a detail central longitudinal sectional view of one of the filter-bag carriers, taken on the line e e of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a trans- ,versesectional view of one offthe filter-bag carriers, takenlnear the` discharge end of the carrier, on the line ff of Fig. (i.1 Fig. S is a transverse section of fhefilterlon the line g g of Fig. l, looking in the direction of the arrows, showing the rear support of the filterbag carriers and the bracket in which the shaft of the filter has one of its bearings. Figs. 9 to 14, inclusive, are detail views of the filter-bags and the parts in proximity thereto, showing different means whichmay be employed for lpreserving vpassages for the unfiltered and filtered liquid to and from the filtering-surfaces. Fig. 9 shows edge and sectional views of a number of filter-bags, each composed of two outer layers of cloth and a third inner layer of some fabric having a pile on each surface, such as Turkish towcling or terry cloth. Fig. 10 is a transverse section of a filter-bag carrier, showing a face view of one of the filter-bags of Fig. 9, the ou ter layer of fabric havin gbeen broken away IOO to show the inner layer of piled fabric. Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 9, butshowing bags which have between them a layer of piled fabric. Fig. 12 is a View similar to Fig. 10, showing a face View of one 'of the filter-bags of Fig. 1l, the various layers of fabric of this p bag having been broken away to disclose the layers of piled fabric interposed between said bag and the next succeeding bag. Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 9, showing external spacing-rings between the filter-bags; and

Fig. 14 is va vView similar to Fig. 9., showing filter-bags made from a piled fabric, such as Turkish toweling.

In the drawings, l is the main or centralf portion of the casing of the filter.

2 and 3 are end pieces, 3 having cored out in i'tja chamber-4, into which the filtrate passes, as hereinafter described.

5 is a chamber cored out in thetop of the section l and maybe termed a distributionchamber since it serves to distribute the enterin'gliquid over substantially the whole lengt-h of the filtering-chamber. It has an opening 6, communicating with the supplypipe, anda port 7, extending its whole length, 1 communicating with the filtering chamber and discharging the entering fluid tangentiall-y into the iilt'ering-chamber, as shown in Fig. 2.

to the filter, an-d 9 is a discharge-pipe.

'ter is in operation. i p

13 is a central shaft extending; from the dii-scharge endV of the filter, through both- Walls v ofthe end piece 3, into and through the main. Vor-iil-`teringchamber of the filter and having bearings ina bracket 14 at the right-hand en-d ofthe Iilter and also in the outer wall of the` end piece 3, where a stuffing-box 15 is pro- -vided. This shaft carri-es a plate'l-G and ae header 1-7, which together support a series of..

iilter-bag carriers 18, upon which a series of; disk-like filter-bags 19 are mounted.

The iilter-bag carriers 18 havea spider-'like section, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, tliusi having recesses in theirsides,which,with the.l ilter-bags themselves, form, channels for the, passage of the lftrate. They might be per forated" tubes; but when constructed as showny vthey maybe cast, and require nol boringo'r. machine-Work other kthan the screw-thread.` 'ing of their ends.

'carriers are continued through their enlarged The side recesses of these left-hand ends, as shown in Figs. G and 7 so`r that the filtrate may be discharged into the interi-or ofthe header 117. i I The filter-bags are ycom-posed of two or more layers of cloth `or-othersuitable material havf ing r`central openings, so that they may slip'f over the carrier 18, and sewed or Woven tooverthe filter-bagcarriers'.

gether at their'outer edges. Within each bag are two spacing-rin gs, one, 20, having a plane surface and the other, 21, having a series of bosses, so that openings for the passage of filtrate from the interior of the bags to the channels in the sides of the carriers 18 are left between the rings. These spacing-rings serve to separate the sides of the filter-bags for the purpose of affording free passage to the filtrate as it passes from the inner surfaces of the bags to the channels in the carriers 18.

.As already stated, the header 17' has an internal chamber. The header has also a hub revolubly lnounted in the inner Wall of the Aend piece 3, being surrounded by a stuffingbox, and this hub has an opening through which the shaft 13 passes, but which is considerably larger than said shaft, so that the filtrate entering the interior of the header 17 passes through the opening in the hub thereof into the chamber Within the end piece 3.

' A crank 22 is provided for rotating the shaft 13. l

In theV bottom of the main casing 1 'of the filter are a series of openings 23, leading to a sediment-chamber 24, cored out in the bottom of the casing 1 or otherwise connected thereto. From this chamber sediment may be drawn from time to time through a pipe 25, provided with a sui-table valve 26. pipe 25 and valve 26 may serve also 'asl a means for emptying the main chamberof the filter. A pipe 27, havin-g a'valve 28 and con- I ne'cted with the filtrate-chamber 4, is provided The-v IOO also to facilitate the cleansing-of: the ilter-4 bags', as hereinafter described. At the top of the filter there is a scum-chamber 29, connected with the interior of the iil'ter through a passage 30.

As already stated and 'as shown in Fig. 0, the water' enters the filtering-chamber in a tangential direction, tending therefore to eirvculate within the chamberin a rotary manner. Such circulation tends to prevent the IIO collection of sediment upon the lilter-bags.

This circulation also assists in the Ycollection of scum in the scum-chamber 29 and also in the collection of sediment in the sedimentbeyond the mouth of the passage 30, leading 'to the scum-chamber, are projections or ins 31 and 32which intercept sediment and scum carried by the water and direct the sediment Thescum--chamberis provided witha, gageglass and with a cock 3'3, through whichv scum may be drawn ol'.

into the sediment-'chamber and the scum into Y the scum-chamber.

rlhefilter-bags 19 are each'cbmposed of two llayers of cloth,s'ewetdf `or otherwise secured ltogetherat the edges and provided with cen- -ton twill, having a coarse thread interwoven into the meshes, so that separate channels are formed for the unfiltered liquid to find its 4way over the entire surface of each bag when `the bags are in place upon the carriers, as also to form similar channels within the bags, so vthat the filtered liquid may pass into the side `a fabric, such as that known as Turkish toweling, which has a pile on each surface. Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate this construction. The bags there shown have each an interior layer 35 of fabric having a pile. The piled fabric keeps the outer layers of the filter-bag apart, and the spaces between the fibers of the pile permit passage of the filtered fluid. Layers of piled fabric may also be interposed. between the several bags to assist in preserving passages through which the unfiltered liquid may reach the sides of the filterbags. Figs. 11 and 12 show this construction. The layers of piled fabric between the filterbags are numbered 36. In this case a'finer `filtering-cloth may be used for the bags, the

interior and exterior layers of toweling providing for the free passage of the liquid both to and from the filtering-surfaces.

Before placing the bags upon their carriers each bag hasinserted into it two spacing rings or washers 20 and 21, one of these rings, as 21, being provided with bosses on the side adjacent tothe other ring, so as to provide openings throughwhich liquid within the fil- -ter-bags may pass into the side channels of ythe filter-bag carriers. in place on their carriers, they are pressed to- When the bags are gether and against the spacing-rings by com- :pression-nuts 40, so that direct passage of unfiltered liquid between the bags into the channels of the carriers isprevented.

The character of the fabric used in the making of the bags and the use of layers of toweling within the bags or between them depends upon the character of the fluid to be filtered and the impurities carried thereby.

-If the fluid carries an exceedingly fine. sediment, then cloth of close mesh may be re quired. If the surface of the cloth is smooth,

it may be necessary or desirable to interpose between the bags spacing-rings 39, as shown `in Fig. 13.

It will be obvious from the above that in these various combinations of bags, spacing- `rings, and interior and exterior' layers of which obviates the necessity of using interior and exterior separating-cloths of piled fabric.

The operation of the filter is as follows: lVater or other fluid entering the chamber 5 passes out through the port 7 into the main or filtering chamber of the filter, being projected in a tangential direction. The water within this main chamber percolates through the sides of the filtering-bags into the interior thereof and then passes into the side channels of the filter-bag carriers, flowinginto the interior of the header 17. It then passes through the hollow hub of this header into the chamber et in the end piece 3 and then passes out. In passingt-hrough the filter-bags sediment and impurities carried by the liquid are caught. The rotary circulation of the fluid within the main chamber of the filter, due to the projection of said fluid in a tangential direction from the admission-port 7, tends to prevent the collection of sediment or scum upon the surface of the filter-bags and to wash such impurities from said bags. The heavy impurities are carried by centrifugal force to the sides and bottom of the filter, and being intercepted by the fin 31 pass downward into the sediment-chamber 24:. The lighter impurities and scum pass to the top of the liquid within the filter and are intercepted by the fin 32, passing 4up into the scum-chamber 29. Filtration continues in this manner until through the collection of sediment and impurities upon the surface of the filter-bags and in their poresthe filtration becomes too slow to be efficient. The filtering-surfaces may then be cleaned by revolving the bags by means of the crank 22. During this operation the inlet and outlet valves 11 and 12 may be closed, and the impurities washed off from the bags and which pass into the sediment-chamber 24 may be drawn off by opening the cock 26. At the same time the scum within the chamber 29 may be drawn off by opening the cock 33. After the bags have been cleaned in this manner the supply and outlet valves may be opened and filtration continued, as before. In order to facilitate rapid cleaning of the bags, steam or any suitable fluid may be introduced into the filter in la reversedirection through the pipe 27, the

washing medium thus admitted passing into the header 17 and thence into the interior of the filter-bags and out through their pores, thus serving to release impurities held in the pores of the bags or upon their outer surfaces. The muddy liquid is then discharged through the valve 26, the operation being thus continued until the bags are clean.

When it is necessary to renew the bags, the end piece 2 at the right-hand end of the filter is removed, together with the bracket 14, in which the right-hand end of the shaft 13 has its bearing, and the plate 16. The filter-bag carriers, with the bags thereon, may then be removed by unscrewing them from the header 17 and drawing them out. The filter-bags may be removed from their carriers by un- ICO IIO

screwing the nuts li0 and slippingthe bags o. By a reverse operation the filter-bags 'maybe putin place on their carriers and the carriers reassembled in the iilter. For feed- 1 Water filters a number of carriers and filter'- lbags .mounted thereon may be kept in readioccupied is obtained, the bags being 'smaller are not so likely to burst, andthe liability of the bags to ru-lpture is further' redufced, owing i to the fact'that the pressure is from the-out- `side inward. Furthermore,- since the impurities are deposited upon the outside of the bagsthe bags may be inore readily cleaned in. 'place Without removing them from: the fiilterthan 4ispossiblewith the ordinaryl arrangeinen't of' filter-bags The bags areviniultually `suppertinfgwhen in use and require no internal stiienifng device to .prevent them from failing over sidewise to such. an extent as to interfere'with filtration.

`means 'for' preserving passages within the Having thus completely described in'y invention, what I claim, and desire tofseeure by Letters .Patent, is-

1. In a lter, the combination, with a filterbag carrier,4 of aseries of separate transverse rtilt'ei-baggsthereon, having'openings through whireh the earrier passes, and meansfor' preventing passage of uniiltered fluid between tire-bags into the fltrate', substantially as described'.

v2r. In a'filte'r', the"'combinatiomwith a iilterbag carrier, of a seriesof separate transverse inter-,bags thereo n., having openings through whieh the carrier passes, and having fluidtight: joints about the edges of said openings tofprevent the passage of fluid between vthe into the ltrate, su-bstantiallpr as d'escribed.

3. 11n a iiit'efr, thecombination, with' a filteibag carrier, of a `series of separate 'transverse filter-bags thereon, having openingsthrough which the carrier passes, and having fluidtightjointsabout the edges 0f said' Openings topreventthe passage of fluid* between the bags'into the. filtrate, and means forpreserving passageswithin the bags through which fluid may flow', substantially as described.

4. Ina-.iilteig the combination, with ailftercarrier, of a series of separate'.transve'rise filter-bags thereon, having openings through which the carrier passes, means for' pressing together the surfaces of adjacent bags-about said openings, so as topreventthe passageof' ii'iuid between theba'gs into' the filtrate, and

A much greater amount of filtering-surface in proportion to 'th-espa'ee l 1 bag carrier, of aseriresof separatetransverse f and mutuallysupporting iltersbags thereon,

bags through which iiuidniay flow, substaiil vti'ally. as described.

5. In a filter, the combination Witha iit'e'rbag carrier, of a series of separate transverse filter-'bags mounted on said carrier, and form-T f ing therewith channelsv through which fluid may fiow, with which channels the interiors of said bags are in communication, substantially as described. l 6. In a iilte-r, the combination-.with 'aiilterbag carrier, of a series of separate transverse 1 filter-bags thereon, having openings through which the carrier passes, and having lwatertight joints about the edges of said openings to prevent the passage of fluid between Athe bagsI intothe iiltrate, said bags and carrier together form-ing channels through which fluid may flow, substantially as described.

'7. In a filter, the conbinfationgwith a filterbag carrier, of a series' of separatetransverse filter-bags thereon,` havingA openings through which the carrier passes,` means for pressing togethfer the sides' of adjacent bags about-said .openinfgs, so as tof pre-vent `the passage of fluid between the bags into' the"iiltrate,l and means 'for preservingpassages within the bags through which iluid 'mayhem said bags and vcarrier together forming passages' through which iiuid may 1li-ow, with which passages the interiors of `said bags are ini coin'niunication, substantially as described,

8. Ina Iil'ter, the combination/,with a filtersubstantially as described.I

9K. In a filter, theeonrbination, with a 'lterf bag'carrier, of a series-of separate transverse filter-bags thereon, eaeh Ycoinposi-nii of a plurality of layers of fabric separate'froni the l fab rio o'f the adjacent bagaandv provided with :openings through which the carrier passes, v substantially as described.y

10. In zii-filter', the co'inbinatiomwith afiliterbagoarrier, of transverse filter-bagsI mounted j upon said carrier, spreading-ringswithin said bags, and means forplressing the-bags and rings"- together, substantially as described.

1l. Ina ljter',.the combination, withaiilterbagl'car'rier, of transverse lt'erLbags mounted A on said carrier, spreadingLrings within said bags which provid-e'y passages through which :fluid may pass, vand meansy for pressing the bags and rings together, substantially as described.

12. In a filter, the' combination., with ai'teie bag carrier, of transverse ii'Iter-bagsv mounted i upon saidcarrier,spreading-ringswithin said bags, one of the rings of each' bag'havifng'projections with intermediate passages-upon the face adjacent to the other' ring, and means for pressing the bags and rings together, substanti'all'y as described.

13. A` filter-bag consisting of a plurality of layers of fabric, one or more of which have a piled surface, said layers of fabriclbeing sef cured together at their edges and having cen- IOO IIO

IZO

tral openings through which a filter-bag carrier may pass, substantially as described.

, 14. A filter-bag consisting of two outside layers of fabric and an inside layer having a piled surface, secured together at their edges and having central openings through which a filter-bag carrier may pass, substantially as described.

15. In a filter, the combinaton,with a filterbag carrier, of a series of separate contiguous and mutually-supporting transverse filterbags mounted `upon said carrier, and means for preserving passages between the bags through which fluid may flow, substantially as described.

16. In a lter, the co1nbination,with a filterbag carrier,of a series of separate and conti guous filter-bags thereon having openings in their sides through which the carrier passes, and means for preserving passages between the surfaces of said bags through which fluid may flow, substantially as described.

17. In a filter, the combination, with a filterbag carrier having a series of separate transverse filter-bags mounted thereon, the interior surfaces of each bag, and the exterior surfaces of adjacent bags, being in supporting contact with one another, and means for preserving passages between such surfaces for the passage of fiuid, substantially as described.

18. In a filter, the combination, witha filterbag carrier, of transverse filter-bags mounted upon said carrier, and layers of piled fabric interposed between said filter-bags, substantally as described.

19. In a filter, the combination, with a filterbag carrier adapted to carry a series of transverse lter bags and having in -its sides grooves or channels adapted to communicate with the interiors of said bags, of a series of transverse filter-bags mounted upon said carrier, and means for preventing fiuid from passing between the bags i nto the filtrate, substantially as described.

20. In a filter, the combination, witha casing inclosinga filtering-chamber, of a rotatable shaft within said casing and projecting therefrom, and filter-bag carriers and bags thereon carried by said shaft, and connected at one end to a header connected with a suitable receptacle, substantially as described.

21. In a filter, the combination, with a casing containing a iiltering chamber and a chamber for receiving the filtrate, of a shaft rotatably mounted within said filtering-chamber, and filter-bag carriers and filter-bags thereon supported from said shaft, and communicating at one end with a header communicating with said filtrate-chamber, substantially as described.

22. In a filter, the combination, with a casing having a main or central portion and end pieces inclosing a filtering-chamber, one of said end pieces having within it a chamber for receiving the filtrate, of a shaft projecting through said filtrate-chamber into the filtering-chamber, and rotatably mounted, and filter-bag carriers and filter-bags thereon supported from said shaft and communicating at one end with a header mounted upon said shaft and having a hollow hub projecting through the inner wall of the end piece containing the filtrate-chamber, whereby said header communicates with said filtrate-chamber, substantially as described.

23. In a filter, the combination, with a casing containing a filtering-chamber and provided with a dstributiiig-chamber, connected to the filtering-chamber by a port arranged to project the fluid in a substantially Langential direction, whereby rotary circulation of the fluid Within the filtering-chamber is maintained, of filtering devices within said chamber, and means for carrying off the filtrate, substantially as described.

24. In a filter, the combination, with a casing containing a filtering-chamber and provided with a distributing-chamber, connected with the filtering-chamber bya port arranged to project fluid in a substantially tangential direction, said casing also being provided ou its lower side with a sediment-chamber and on its upper side with a scum-chamber, and ns for deflecting the sediment and scum into said chambers, of filtering devices within the filtering-chamber, and means for carrying off the filtrate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR E. KRAUSE.

Vitnesses:

HARRY M. MARBLE, RITA BRADT.

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