US62819A - Manufacture of ikon - Google Patents
Manufacture of ikon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US62819A US62819A US62819DA US62819A US 62819 A US62819 A US 62819A US 62819D A US62819D A US 62819DA US 62819 A US62819 A US 62819A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- rectifier
- cover
- melted
- lining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 108
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000000088 Lip Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 gas retorts Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
Definitions
- flanges are used they may be arranged to cross each other, orin anydesired manner, and are for the-purpose of holding the lining k, of
- the said cover is provided with a. funnel, a, through whichthe'melted ironis poured, or posses from a cupola furnace in which it ismelted, into the rectifier A.
- Said funnel is also lined with fire-clay, and the whole apparatus, when the cover is placed upon it, has a lining of fire-bric kor' fire clay, shown it B G, g 7:, whereby the melted iron is prerented from coming in content with the outer ironcase A.
- the top A is-provided with any desired nurnberof perforations, shown in'fig. 2, to allow the escop'e of the gases or other. products of combustionin the process horeinoftei' explained.
- I 11sec. composition consisting of the block oxide oi manganese and coal tar, which, to prevents. too rapid combustion, should be mixed with clay, or other suitable materiel for that purpose. 'This is placed in the cavities'c' in the side lining C after the rectifier has been properly heated. The rectifier is then filled with charcoal, and the cover is placed upon it and securely fastened, to prevent its rising'and ollowing'theohurcoalto float in' the process hereinafter explained.
- the process is as follows:
- the iron which may he of the commonest kind, sis magnetic iron ore mixed with nsmoll quantity of hematite iron, in the proportion say of two hundred pounds of hematite iron to the ton, is melted in the ordinary cupoln furnace, after which it is drnwnofi' and poured or otherwise conducted through the funnel a into the rectifier A, intowhich it passes, filling the interstices in end entirely submerging the charcoal therein, and producing a. rapid combustion thereof and of the composition in the recesses' of the lining G.
- the conditions of combustion are such as to increase the temperature of the melted iron, previously very highly heated in the cupoln furnace, andto cause the products thereof to pass through and thoroughly impreg note the mass of melted iron in the rectifier, and to remove, with the escaping products, such impurities as sulphur, phosphorus, 5110., conteinedtherein and also to reduce any oxide of iron foundinthe masso
- the combustion of the coal tar and charcoal serves to carbonize the melted iron, sud the combustion of the manganese, while assisting in the notion of cnrbonizing the iron, tends to remove the impurities referred to, and also to give the iron the requisite hardness.
- the melted iron after being allowed to remain the required length of time in the rectifier to thoroughly slbsorh the'ccrbon and removo'the impurities, is drawn off at D into n pig-bed prepared for its receptiom'or into ladies, and poured into costings.
- the entire mass of iron in the rectifier is purified and carbonized alike; and any desired number of blasts may be made of thessme quality, the quality being governed by and dependent upon the amount of the composition employed in the process.
- the poorest quality of iron either pig, scrop, or old' burned iron, such as gas retorts, may be used.
- the perforated-cover A provided with the points or flanges for securing thell'aing of fire-clay, substantially as described.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Description
, A. G. COOK. MANUFAGTURE OF IRON. v
No. 62,819. Patented Mar. 12. 1867.
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ANSO N- c. 0001;,- or BURLINGTON, VERMON Letters Ba'tent .No. 62,819, dated MarcIrIZ, 1867.
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TO ALL wHoM 1r MAY CONCERN: I v
I l v s I Be it known that I, A. G. 0001;, of the ci'ty'of Burlington, county of iGhittenden, nnd Stoteof Vermont, have invented a. new and useful Improvement in the Manufacture of Iron; sud I do hereby declare that the following is a. full, clear, and exact description of the oons'tructionand operation of the some, reference being had to the onn'exed drawing, making a. part of this specification, in which- Figure lis s. sectional perspective view of the rectifier, with the top or cover removed. Figure 2'is a. similar iew of the cover. I My invention relates to the construction of the rectifier-,tbthe process of mcnufactnref'nnd to the compo= sition used in such process, as hereinafter described, V
To en ohle others to use my invention, I will proceed to describe how the some may be carried out in practice; In the accompanying drawing, Arepresents' cease, whichonsy be modeof iron, of onysuitoble form or size; a. convenient size will hold, when lined, hereinafter described, from live to ten-jtons of melted iron. B is a. lining of firebrick covering the bottom, and G at similar lining tothe-sides of the case, said side lining being. provided with cavities or recess-es, (t, for t purpose hereinafter explained. D is'un opening or outlet atthe bottom of the case, through which the metal is drawn off after it has undergone the refining process. A! is the top or cover which is made to'fit closely on the case Said cover isnlso made of iron, and is provided with a series or number of points, flanges, or lips, as shown-at f in fig. 2 of the drawing. If the flanges are used they may be arranged to cross each other, orin anydesired manner, and are for the-purpose of holding the lining k, of
fire-clay, to theuiider face of the cover. The said cover is provided with a. funnel, a, through whichthe'melted ironis poured, or posses from a cupola furnace in which it ismelted, into the rectifier A. Said funnel is also lined with fire-clay, and the whole apparatus, when the cover is placed upon it, has a lining of fire-bric kor' fire clay, shown it B G, g 7:, whereby the melted iron is prerented from coming in content with the outer ironcase A. The top A is-provided with any desired nurnberof perforations, shown in'fig. 2, to allow the escop'e of the gases or other. products of combustionin the process horeinoftei' explained. I 11sec. composition consisting of the block oxide oi manganese and coal tar, which, to prevents. too rapid combustion, should be mixed with clay, or other suitable materiel for that purpose. 'This is placed in the cavities'c' in the side lining C after the rectifier has been properly heated. The rectifier is then filled with charcoal, and the cover is placed upon it and securely fastened, to prevent its rising'and ollowing'theohurcoalto float in' the process hereinafter explained.
The process is as follows: The iron, which may he of the commonest kind, sis magnetic iron ore mixed with nsmoll quantity of hematite iron, in the proportion say of two hundred pounds of hematite iron to the ton, is melted in the ordinary cupoln furnace, after which it is drnwnofi' and poured or otherwise conducted through the funnel a into the rectifier A, intowhich it passes, filling the interstices in end entirely submerging the charcoal therein, and producing a. rapid combustion thereof and of the composition in the recesses' of the lining G. The conditions of combustion are such as to increase the temperature of the melted iron, previously very highly heated in the cupoln furnace, andto cause the products thereof to pass through and thoroughly impreg note the mass of melted iron in the rectifier, and to remove, with the escaping products, such impurities as sulphur, phosphorus, 5110., conteinedtherein and also to reduce any oxide of iron foundinthe masso The combustion of the coal tar and charcoal serves to carbonize the melted iron, sud the combustion of the manganese, while assisting in the notion of cnrbonizing the iron, tends to remove the impurities referred to, and also to give the iron the requisite hardness. The melted iron, after being allowed to remain the required length of time in the rectifier to thoroughly slbsorh the'ccrbon and removo'the impurities, is drawn off at D into n pig-bed prepared for its receptiom'or into ladies, and poured into costings. The entire mass of iron in the rectifier is purified and carbonized alike; and any desired number of blasts may be made of thessme quality, the quality being governed by and dependent upon the amount of the composition employed in the process. The poorest quality of iron, either pig, scrop, or old' burned iron, such as gas retorts, may be used. Ordinarily, I use whet is termed magnetic iron, using, as above stated, only about two hundred pounds of hematite iron to the ton. The iron I produce is a. pure chercoalliron, of a. superior quality and temper, and at a cost materially less than that of the best American iron} und,--as has been demonstrated by actual experiment, steel or mallenble iron may be made by the some process, from wrought iron or from. cast iron made from the common magnetic iron ore.
'Hat'ingthus described myin'venti'on, what I claim, and-desire to'secnre by LettersPatent, is-
1. The rectifier, or apparatus 'consisting of-a chamber or vessel lined with fire-brick, and provided with recesses .a or their equivalent, substantially as described. I
2. The perforated-cover A provided with the points or flanges for securing thell'aing of fire-clay, substantially as described.
3, The process herein described of treating fnsed metal in a clcsed vessel or chamber containing charcoal or its equivalent, substantially asdescribed.
4. The employment or use of the conipcund of oxide of manganese andcoal tar, for the purpose of refining iron, substantially as described. I v
{ In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 9th day of January, 1861.
' ANSON G; 000K; 7 Witnesses:
T. E. WALES, W. L. Bcnmn.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US62819A true US62819A (en) | 1867-03-12 |
Family
ID=2132355
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62819D Expired - Lifetime US62819A (en) | Manufacture of ikon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US62819A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2688535A (en) * | 1949-11-07 | 1954-09-07 | Madaras Corp | Metallurgical process |
-
0
- US US62819D patent/US62819A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2688535A (en) * | 1949-11-07 | 1954-09-07 | Madaras Corp | Metallurgical process |
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