US628101A - Pump-governor. - Google Patents

Description

No. 62a,|or. Patentod luly 4, I899.

B. n. LEWIS & .1. SCHWARTZ.

PUMP GOVERNOR.

(Application flled Jan. 29, 1898.)

3 Sheets-Sheat I,

(No Model.)

(No Model.)

B.v R.

Patented luly'4, I899. LEWIS &. J. SCHWARTZ.

' PUMP GOVERNOR.

(Application filed Jan. 29, 189B.)

3'Sheat-sSheet 2.

----No. s-2a,|o|. PatentedJulyA, 1899.

B. n. LEWIS & J. SCHWARTZ.

PUMP GOVERNOR.

(Application filed Jan. 29, 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFIC BENNETT R. LEWIS AND JOHN SCHWARTZ, OF RHINELANDER, XVISOONSIN.

PUMP-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 628,101, dated July' 4, 1899. Application filed January 29, 1828. Serial No. 668,392. (No model.)

T0 (all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, BENNETT R. LEWIs and JOHN SCHWARTZ, of Rhinelander, in the county of Oneida and State of .Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Pump-Governors, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this specification.

Our invention has relation to improvements in pump-governors. It relates more particularly to the class of governors which are connected to a pumping-engine and water-main and adapted for automatically controlling the operation of the engine by the varying waterpressure, being more especially intended for use in connection witha water-supply system for a city, town, village, factory, or other large establishment or institution.

The primary object had in view is to provide a construction whereby a uniform speed of the pump may be obtained notwithstanding the variations in the Water-pressu re,which is accomplished by admitting more steam to the pump as the water-pressure increases and, vice versa, by limiting the amount of steam to the pump as the water-pressure decreases, in contradistinction to constructions wherein the amount of steam admitted to the pump is decreased as the water-pressure increases and, vice versa, the amount of steam admitted to the pump increased as the water-pressure is decreased.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in View the invention consists of the devices and parts or their equivalents, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of the device, the mechanism for regulating the water-pressure against the piston 23 being omitted. Figs. 2, 3, and 4, respectively, are similar views of modified forms. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a form substantially similar to the Fig. 1 form, but in which mechanism for regulating the water -pressure against the piston of the main water-cylinder is'included. Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the water-valve mechanism of Fig. 5.

Referring particularly to the Fig. lform of construction, the numeral 7 indicates a valvecasing having an inlet-passage 8 for the admission of steam or other actuating medium into the casing and an outlet-passage 9 for the outflow of the actuating medium from the valve-casing into the steam-cylinder of an ordinary form of pump. (Not shown.) The inner end of the inlet-passage, which extends into the valve-casing, is provided in its upper and lower portionswith valve-openings 1O 10, which are controlled, respectively, by valves 11 11', which valves are mounted on a common valve-stem 12. This valve-stem extends through the top of the valve-casing and advisably through a stuffing-box 13. Extending upwardly from the top of the valvecasing and preferably integral therewith is a frame 14. The back piece of this frame is provided with an elongated slot 15, in which slot a lever 16 is pivoted on-a pivot-pin 17. The long arm of this lever is provided medially with an elongated slot 18, and into this slot passes a pivot pin or stud 19 from the:

valve-stem. Mounted on the long arm of the 'lever between this pivot pin or stud and the end of said long arm is a weight 20, which is provided with an upwardly-extending yoked 'portion through which the lever passes. A set-screw 21 extends through the upper end of the yoke and impinges against the lever, so that the weight may be held in adjusted positionpn the lever at points closer to or farther from the pivot pin or stud 19. Secured to the face of the back piece of the frame is a water-cylinder 22, in which a piston 23 is adapted to reciprocate. The stem 24: of this piston passes downwardly through the lower end of the cylinder and has projecting from a medial point thereof a pin or stud 25, which extends into an elongated slot 26 in the end of the short arm of the lever 16. The lower end of the piston-stem 24 is guided in an eye formed at the outer end of a projecting arm 27. Extending into the top of the cylinder 22, above the piston 23, isapipe 28, which leads from the reservoir orother suitable source of water-supply in the system.

In the operation of the Fig. 1 construction when an excess Waterpressure occurs, the piston 23 will be caused to descend, and this through the described connection will turn the lever 16 on its pivot 17, so as to throw. the long arm of said lever upwardly. This upward throw will, through the valve-stem 12, raise the valves 11 11 away from their valve-seats. The lower the piston 22 is forced downwardly the higher the valves will be raised, and consequently more steam admitted. The steam thus admitted into the casing passes through the outletpassage 9 and enters the steam-cylinder of the pump, so as to act on the piston therein and cause a reciprocation of the piston of the pump. The weight is of course adjusted on the long arm of the lever, so as to counterbalance the water-pressure on the piston 23 after said piston has been moved downwardly a certain distance, thereby keeping the pump running at a certain number of strokes in accordance with a certain degree of water-pressure. Of course when the water-pressure on the top of the piston 23 decreases the weight will cause the long arm of the leverto move downwardly, and thereby depress the valve-stem 12 and raise the piston 23. The depression of the valve-stem 12 will cause the valves 11 11' to move toward their seats, thereby diminishing the area of the valve-openings, and consequently limiting the amount of steam admitted to the steam-cylinder of the pump. It follows from the operation described that with increased water-pressure the amount of steam admitted to the pump is increased and that with decreased water-pressure the amount of steam admittedto the pump is decreased. This is an improvement over existing constructions,in which the very reverse operation takes place-1 hat is to say, in such constructions with increased water-pressure the amount of steam admitted to the pump is decreased, and, vice versa, with decreased water-pressu re the amount of steam admitted to the pump is increased. On this account these existing systems are open to serious objections, which our invention overcomes. For instance, when there is decreased waterpressnre of course the pressure of the water against the piston in the water-cylinder of the pump is lessened, and inasmuch as in such existing systems the amount of steam admitted to the steam-cylinderof the pump at this time is increased, the pump is not only caused to reciprocate more rapidly by the increased steam-pressure, but also by the diminished resistance offered by the water, resulting frequently in the pump running away, so to speak, and also resulting in an unnecessary expenditure and loss of steam. In our device the moment the water-pressure is diminished there is consequently less resistance offered by the water against the piston in the water-cylinder of the pump, and it is at this time that less steam is required to work the pump. \Ve therefore diminish the steam-supply and effect a saving of steam when it is necessary only to use a small quantity, while, on the other hand, when the water-pressure is increased and there is a greater resistance against the piston of the watercylinder of the pump we admit more steam, thereby only utilizing an augmented quantity of steam at the time when it is absolutely necessary that such increased quantity should be used. By this means the pump may be made to run at a uniform rate of speed notwithstanding variations in the pressure of the Water. By the employment of the weight on the lever the desired speed of the pump can be regulated. By moving the weight nearer the pivot 18 said weight gives less resistance to the water-pressure, and consequently the valves are opened wider to admit more steam, and by moving the weight farther away from the pivot 18 said weight otfers more resistance to the water-pressure, and consequently the valves are not open so wide and less steam is admitted to the pump.

In order to prevent the valves from closing entirely, so as to shut off steam to the pump, and, on the other hand, to prevent the valves from opening beyond a certain point, we mount on the valve-stem 12 adjustable collars 29 29. Extending from the frame 14 is an arm 30, which is provided at its outer end with an eye through which the valve-stem 12 passes. This eyed portion not only forms a guide for the valve-stem in its movement,

but inasmuch as it is located between the two collars 29 29 it forms a contact with which said collars come into engagement. As the stem moves downwardly it is obvious that the collar 29 will contact with the arm 30 and preventthe complete closing of the valves, and as said valve-stem moves upwardly the collar 29 will cont-act with the arm 30, and thereby limit the extent to which the valves can be opened.

Referring now to the Fig. 2 form of construction, this shows a valve-casing 7, having an inlet-passage 8 and an outlet-passage 9. In this casing but a single valve 11 is em ployed,w hich regulates the outlet 9. Secured to or forming a part of the top of the valve-casing is a frame 14. To an intermediate cross-bar of this frame is pivoted medially a lever 31, provided at oppositeends with elongated slots 32 and 33, respectively. Into the slot 32 extends the pin or stud 13 of the valve-stem 12 The upper end of the valvestem passes through a bearing 34, formed in the top portion of the frame 149, and above and below this bearing are set the adjustable collars 29. The water-cylinder 22 is mounted on the top piece of the frame 14, and the piston-stem 24: of the piston 23 is provided at its lower end with a projecting pin or stud 25. Pivoted to a cross-bar of the frame 14 on a pivot-pin 35 is a lever 36, the short arm of said lever being provided medially with an elongated slot 37, which is engaged by the projecting pin 25 of the stem 24. The end of this short arm of the lever 36 is provided with a projecting pin or stud 38, which engages the elongated slot 33 of lever 31. The long arm of lever 36 has mounted thereon adjustably a weight 20. This weight is provided with a yoke portion which is adapted to be engaged with any of a series of notches in the upper edge of the lever, whereby the weight is held to adjusted position. In operation this form of device works substantially similar to the form shown in Fig. 1, although it involves a compound lever mechanism. It is obvious that as the piston 23 moves down wardly it will act on the short arm of the lever 36, so as to throw the long arm of saidlever upwardly against the action of the weight, and at the same time the arm of the lever 31 which is engaged by the short arm of the lever 36 is turned so as to throw the other arm of said lever 31 upwardly, and thereby raise the valve farther away from its seat in order to permit of an increased quantity of steam passing into the steam-cylinder of the pump. When the water-pressure decreases, it is obvious that a reverse operation will take place. In the Fig. 3v construction a slightly-varied form of valve-casing is employed in which the valve-opening is closed on the up movement of the valve stem instead of being opened, as in the preceding forms of construction. In this Fig. 3 modification also the valve-stem serves as the piston-stem for the piston in the water-cylinder. The valvecasing of Fig. 3 is indicated by 7 the valve by 11*, the combined valvestem and pistonstem by 12 the frame mounted above the valve-casing by 14, the water-cylinder by 22 the piston therein by 23", the pipe entering the cylinder by 28", and the lever by 16. The lever 16" is pivoted intermediate of its ends to one of the side pieces of the frame 14 and the short arm of this lever is provided with an elongated slot which is engaged bythe projecting pin or stud 18 of the combined valve-stem and piston-stem. The long arm of the lever carries thereon the adjustable weight 20". The contact-collars on the valvestem 12 in this form of construction are indicated by the numerals 29 29".

In the operation of the Fig. 3 form of construction, when there is excess water-pressure the piston 23 is causedto descend, and this forces the valve 11 downwardly farther away from its'seat, so as to open the valve-opening leading to the outlet passage, and consequently admitting more steam to the steamcylinder of the pump. When the water-pressure is decreased and the weight causes a turning of the lever 16*, so as to throw its short arm upwardly, the valve is raised toward its seat, thereby diminishing the area of the valve-opening, and consequently decreasing the amount of steam passing to the pump.

In the Fig. 4form of construction the valvestem and pisto11=stem are also in one piece; but in this form water is introduced into the lower end of the water-cylinder, so as to cause any excess pressure to act against the under side of the piston in said cylinder.- This causes an uplifting of the valve, so as to ad- "mit more steam to'the pump. When the water-pressure decreases, the weight causes a tilting of the lever and a'consequent down movement of the valve toward its seat. In this form it will be noticed that the lever is pivoted at its end to one of the side pieces of the frame and that the projecting stud or pin of the valve-stem enters an elongated slot at a point of the lever intermediate its ends instead of at the end of the lever, as in the Fig. 3 form. In this modification (illustrated in Fig. 4) the different parts are designated by the same numbers as the corresponding parts are designated in Fig. 3, excepting that said numbers are followed by the letter 0.

In the form of construction illustrated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, which construction is adapted to be used in conjunction with any of the several forms of construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings, we designate the valve-casing by 7, the valve byll the valve-stem by 12 the projecting pin or stud of said valve-stem by 18, the stop-collars on the valve-stems by 29 29, the frame by 144 the water-cylinder by 22, the piston therein by 23, the piston-stem by 24 the projecting pin or stud of said piston-stem by 25 the lever by 16 the adjustable weight thereon by 20 and the pipe leading to the water-cylinder by 28. The lever 16 in this form of construction is arranged and operates substantially similar to the lever 16 of Fig. 1. In all the forms of construction illustrated mechanism is employed for controlling the strokes of the pump. In the Fig. 5 form,

however, we show additional mechanism for controlling the amount of water-pressure. This mechanism, however, itwill be obvious, is equally applicable to all the other forms of construction shown. To accomplish this, we provide a supplemental water-cylinder 39, which is in communication with the pipe 28 by means of a branch pipe 40. Within the cylinder 39 is a piston 41. The piston-stem 42 of this piston extends upwardly through the top of the cylinder 39 and has projecting from the upper end thereof a pin or stud 43, which engages an elongated slot 44 in a lever 45. One end of this lever is pivoted to an arm 46, extending upwardly from the cylinder 39. This lever carries an adjustable weight 47. Within the pipe 28 is arranged a rotatable valve 48, (see Fig. 6,) which is provided with a straight passage 49 and with a diagonal passage 50, leading from the straight passage. The outer end of the valve-stein 51 has secured theretoa crank 52, and the outer end of this crank is connected to the lever 45 by means of a link 53. In the operation of this water-pressure-regulatin g mechanism if, for instance, the weight 47 is so positioned on the lever 45 as to resist an upward pressure of, say, eighty pounds against the under side of the piston 41 the valve 48 will be in the position shown in Fig. 6 that is to say, with its straight passage 49 in line with the pipe 28 and its diagonal passage 50 closed, so that free passage for the water is afforded to the cylinder 22. If now the pressure exceeds eighty pounds, then the piston 41 will IIC rise against the resistance of the weight 47 and cause an uplifting of the lever 45 and a consequent turning of the valve 48, so that the straight passage 49 will be closed against the flow of the water through the pipe 28 to cylinder 22, while the diagonal passage will be in line with a drip or discharge pipe 54. Pressure against the piston 23 will then cease and the weight 20 will cause a turning of the lever 16 and a consequent down movement of the valve-stem 12 and an upward movement of the piston 23 which will force the water above said cylinder back through the pipe 28, thence through a portion of the straight passage 49 into the diagonal passage 50 and out through the drip or discharge pipe 54. This drip or discharge pipe may be provided with a valve to regulate the quantity of discharge. The downward movement of the valve-stem 12 will cause a closing of the valve 11 to the extent permitted by the stop-collar 29 so as to almost entirely shut off the supply of steam, or where the stopcollars are dispensed with to cause an entire shutting off of the steam. The operation described will of course cause a reduction in the water-pressure, and the piston 41 will then be caused to descend by the action of the weight 47, audit will continue to descend until it reaches the position it before occupied, when, of course, the valve 48 will have been turned back to its original position to again admit water into the cylinder 22, thereby restablishing the water-pressure to the extent to which the weight 47 is adjusted.

In explanation of the particular adaptability of all the forms of our invention to use in connection with a citys waterworks it is to be stated that when water is being taken from the system the water-pressure against the piston in the water end of the pump is necessarily decreased. In view of this decrease of the water-pressure it necessarily follows that it does not require as great a steam-pressure to keep the pump running at a uniform speed 01' at the same speed as when water is not being used or when but a small quantity of water is being used. Hence it is that in our invention when the water is being used, and when therefore the water-pressure against the piston in the water end of the pump is thereby decreased, the quantity of steam admitted to the steam end of the pump is decreased, as at this time it is obvious that less steam-pressure is required to preserve the uniform running of the pump, owing to the fact. that there is less waterpressure against the piston in the water end of the pump. This decrease of the steampressure is automatically effected by means of the weight acting on the lever, and thereby actuating the valve-rod and causing the valve to limit the amount of steam admitted to the steam end of the pump. Now when the quantity of water being used is diminished of course the water-pressure against the piston in the water end of the pump is increased.

It is then necessary that the steam-pressure should be increased in order to counteract the increased water-pressure and preserve a uniform running of the pump. This is automatically eifccted by means of the mechanism already clearly described. It is a fact also to be noted that in a citys waterworks the steam end of the cylinder of the pump is larger than the water end. It therefore follows that when water is being used not only is less steam required owing to the diminished pressure of the water, but also owing to the fact that the piston in the water end of the cylinder of the pump is less in area than the piston in the steam end of the cylinder of the pump. In other systems now in general use when the water-pressure decreases the steam-pressure increases, and vice versa. These systems are objectionable, owing to the fact that the increased steam-pressure frequently causes a running away of the pump and also a greater consumption of steam than is absolutely necessary.

\Vhile we have shown in all the several forms of our invention an adjustable weight for keeping the pump running at a certain number of strokes in accordance with a certain degree of water-pressure, yet we do not wish to be understood as limiting ourselves thereto, as it is obvious that the same result could be obtained by spring-pressure on the lever, with means for adjusting or varying the extent of said spring-pressure.

What we claim as our invention is- 1. In a governor for pumps, the combination of a valve-casing provided with a suitable iulet-passage and an outlet-passage, the latter leading to the pump to be operated, a valve within the casing, a cylinder within the circuit of the water system, a piston within the cylinder, a rod having one end extending into the valve-casing and connected to the valve therein, and having its opposite end extending in to the cylinder and connected to the piston therein, and a pivoted lever connected at one point to the rod, and also carrying thereon an adjustable weight, the construction adapted, as the water pressure against the piston increases, to move the valve farther away from its seat, to thereby admit an augmented quantity of steam to the pump, and, vice versa, when the water pressure against the piston decreases, to cause the valve to be moved closer to its seat, so as to admit a diminished quantity of steam to the pump.

2. In a governor for pumps, the combination, of a valve-casing provided with a suit able inlet-passage and with an outlet-passage, the latter leading to the pump to be operated, a valve within the casing adapted for controlling thepump-actuating medium, and provided with a projecting valve-stem, a main cylinder, a valve-controlled water-pipe within the system of water-supply and leading to said cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, mechanism between the piston and the stemof the valve for controlling said valve, an auxiliary cylinder also within the water-supply system, a piston within said auxiliary cylinder, and a connection between the piston of this auxiliary cylinder and the valve of the waterpipe, said connection adapted, after the water-pressure exceeds a certain given pressure, to cause the valve of the water-pipe to be operated so as to shut off the flow of water to the main cylinder, and after the water-pres sure has fallen to the fixed pressure, to open the water-valve, and permit the water to again flow to the main cylinder.

3. In a governor for pumps, the combination, of a valve-casing provided with a suitableinlet-passage and with anoutlet-passage, the latter leading to the pump to be operated, a valve within the casing for controlling the pump-actuatin g medium, said valve provided with a projecting stem, a main cylinder, a valve-controlled water-pipe within the watersupply system and leading to the main cylincler, a piston within said cylinder and provided with a projecting piston-stem, a lever connected to the piston-stem and to the valvestem, said lever adapted to move the valve farther away from its seat to admit an augmented quantity of steam to the pump, when an excess water-pressure occurs, and to move said valve closer to its seat to admit a decreased quantity of steam to the pump, when the water-pressure is decreased, an auxiliary cylinder also within the water-supply system,

a piston within said auxiliary cylinder, and a connection between said piston and the valve of the water-pipe, said connection adapted, after the water-pressure exceeds a certain given pressure, to cause the valve of the water-pipe to be operated so as to shut off the fiow'of water to the main'cylinder, and, after the water-pressure has fallen to the fixed pressure, to open the water-valve and thereby permit the water to again How to the main cylinder;

4. In a governor for pumps, the combination of a valve-casing provided with a suitable inlet-passage and anoutlet-passage, the latter leading to the pump to be operated, a

valve for controlling the pump-actuating medium, said valve provided with a projecting stem, a main cylinder having a piston therein,

a connection between said piston and the stem of the valve for the pump-actuating medium, a pipe within the water-supply system, said pipe leading to the main cylinder, a valve within said pipe adapted normally to admit the water to the main cylinder, an auxiliary.

cylinder also within the circuit of the watersupply system, a piston within said cylinder, said piston provided with a projectingstem,

a pivoted lever connected to the piston-stemof the auxiliary cylinder,an adjustable weight on said lever, and a connection between the lever and the stem of the water-valve,whereby, when the water pressure exceeds a certain fixed pressure, the valve will be operated so

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