US623388A - Rotary drier - Google Patents

Description

no. 623,388. Patented Apr. 18,1899.

J. WHITING &. J. G. BERGOUIST.

ROTARY DRIER.

Application filed Nov. 30, 1 898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets8heat l.

No. 623,388. Patented Apr. l8, |899.-

J. WHITING & J. G. BERGQUIST.

ROTARY DRIER.

(Application filed Nov. 30, 1898.)

3 sheets-sheei .(No Model.)

No. 623,388. Patented Apl l8, I899.

J. WHITING & J. G. BEBGHUIST.

ROTARY DRIER.

{Application filed Nov. 30., 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets8he'et 3.

U TTE STATES PATENT FFICE.

JASPER XVIIITING AND JOHN GOSTA BERGQUIST, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ROTARY DRIER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 623,388, dated April 18, 1899.

Application filed November 30,1898. Serial No. 697,929. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that we, JASPERVVHITING and JOHN GOSTA BERGQUIST, residents of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Drums, of which the following is hereby declared to be a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention relates to an improved type of apparatus simple in structure, quickly built at low cost, and in operation both efficient and economic, being especially adapted for use in drying slag-sand or other substances which need to be treated in large bulk.

The nature of the improvements will appear in detail from the description following and be more exactly pointed out by claims at the conclusion thereof.

On the drawings which accompany, like parts bearing like designation throughout, Figure 1 is a viewin longitudinal central section, displaying one form of apparatus to embody the invention; Fig.1, a diagrammatic cross-section View to indicate the path traversed by the charge while under treatment; Figs. 1 and 1, like diagrammatic views exhibiting for comparison different systems of shelf construction distinctiveof the invention; Fig. 2, a cross-section View, on enlarged scale,'at mid-line of the drum; Figs. 2 and 2 elevation views of opposite ends of the drum; Fig. 2, a detail section view of the joint at the confronting free ends of the set of shelves; Fig. 3, a view in longitudinal central section, displaying a series of inclined guides as located at the shelf and means for simultaneously changing the incline of said guides; Fig. 3, an enlarged cross-section View on line 23 3 of Fig. 3, and Fig.3 an enlarged detail view in longitudinal section at one end of the apparatus, Fig. 3.

In the fornlhere shown the rotary drum consists of a long cylinder A, encompassed near its endsby the usual supporting-rings a. The rings rest upon companion rolls b c, mounted in journal-boxes at opposite sides of bedframe 13. The cylinder A may be stoutly made of boiler-plate and be jacketed with asbestos, felt, or other non-conductor, if desired.

The bed or base 13 may conveniently consist of T-rails stoutly united to constitute a rectangular skeleton frame extended beneath the machine and by supplemental stringers or cross-rails at desired locations aifording suitable points'of attachment for the journal-boxes of rolls be and other overlying parts of the machine structure. The axle of one of the rolls Z) is extended through its journal-box, as shown at far side in Fig. 1, and'is furnished at one end with sprocket 61, connected by proper chain with the drive: shaft or other source of power and at its opposite end connected by sprocket d and cross-chain (1 extended beneath the main drum, Fig. 2, with like sprocket carried by counter-shaft e. Said counter-shaft is sustained in bearings on frame B and projects be yond one end thereof to operate by chain and sprocket the auger f and feed-hopper g.

Feed-hopper g is of familiar construction, carried at the outer face of the tight flue-box O, which latter is supported by legs h from the base-frame and is designed to snugly receive the open end of drum-cylinder A. Terminal t' at the top of the flue-box affords exit for gases, &c., emerging from the drum and by pipe or like connection may lead the waste products into some convenient chimney-stack or chamber. A companion box D, carried by legs 7.; on the base-frame, receives the opposite open end of the drum-cylinder A and,

as here shown, is furnished with a central throat or inlet Z, (made fire resistant, if desired,) through which the oil-flame or like gases may be projected into the interior of the apparatus, to proceedthence by cylinder A and flue-box 0 into chimney-exit t'. A hopper-like vent Z in the bottom of box D allows the material to escape from the apparatus in due course after the treatment is finished. The box D may be supplied with door m and sight-holes, n Fig. 2, for ready access or in-- spection, if desired.

As thus far set forth the details of structure are much the same as in other types of apparatus similar in kind and now in familiar use. The distinctive feature of the invention lies in the main inv the peculiar organization of the shelves arranged within the drum-cylinder A.

In the form shown by Figs. 1 and 2 the shelves 10 are four in number, composed of stout sheet-metal plates extended lengthwise of the cylinder and fastened by angle-bars or the like 11 at equidistant points on the body of the cylinder. Shelves 10 project radially inward and terminate very nearly in confact with each other, confronting edges of the shelves being secured at intervals by angleone shelf duringrotation of the drum on attaining the critical angle characteristic of the material undertreatmentto discharge the divided portion carried by the shelf and permit such portion to fall upon the opposite or companion shelf, by which it is temporarily retained. Thus, as appears at Fig. 2, if the drum interior be, e. 1, four feet in diameter, the confronting edges of the shelves may advantageously terminate at the corners of, e. g., a two-inch square (see cross-section, Fig. 2) should the material under treatment be slagsand, 6. g., of eight mesh. The course of rotation being denoted by the arrow, Fig. 2, it is plain that the upper shelf at the left has passed the critical angle and has nearly completed the discharge of its divided portion, which is being received in turn by the lower shelf at the right. The lower shelf at the left correspondingly sustains its separate portion of the full charge, and it becomes manifest that the burden rests equally distributed on opposite sides of the axis in balanced relation, bringing even duty practically at all times onto the supporting-rolls b and markedly reducing the amount of power necessary to drive the drum.

The advantage just detailed is an incident due to the peculiar relation which the shelves sustain to each other and could not ensue if these were so short in radial depth as to prevent the gravity delivery of each divided portion in succession from side to side across the center onto the companion shelf of the set.

While the drawing Fig. 2 shows the critical angle for the upper left-hand shelf to be attained at above forty-five degrees, (in which event the shelves become radial planes,) it is obvious that the radial position is not always requisite, but may be departed from and the shelves be set symmetrically at greater or lesser inclination in keeping with the critical angle distinctive of the material under treatment. This last consideration will also perinit the distance apart of the confronting edges of the shelves to be varied. Instead of two inches, as in the example stated, the distance may be greater, particularlyif the shelf inclination be likewise changed. Modifications of such sort do not eifect a departure from the invention if the result still be to distribute the burden evenly and to pass it in successive portions from side to side by gravity shift across the center.

The sinuous. path descibed by the divided 1 portions during rotation in shifting from side to side across the drum is indicated by the diagram Fig. 1. If the point of departure be taken as at 14, then before the material again reaches 15 on its return the traverse followed thereby will have been as marked by the dotted lines, from which view it is plain that any given portionpasses throughout from compartment to compartment successively and is not only tumbled over and over at each stage, but contacts eventually with both faces of the several shelves and acquires Whatever influence of heat (or cold) is to be thence derived.

If inlet-throat Z for the gases instead of central delivery, as shown at Figs. 1 and 2 be located above in position opposite the upper compartment, as indicated by dotted line, Fig. 2, it is manifest that the gases emerging thence may pass from end to end of the drum and yet be virtually excluded from any direct con tact with the charge. Especially so should the shelves be arranged in six-set, as denoted by Fig. 1, since in such arrangement any given portion of the charge will have run from the upper to the lower pocket before the selected compartment becomes coincident with the gas-inlet. This provision may prove of high advantage should the charge be liable to injuryfrom any direct exposure to the circulating gases. lVere the drum set at an incline, the tendency would be to advance the charge along the cylinder and to permit its escape in successive portions at the exit in keeping with the degree of inclination and with the talus established by the material at hopper-vent Z. lVhen the machine is set horizontally, as shown by the drawings, the progressive advance of the charge through the drum is accomplished by means of the guides 15, secured at regular intervals to each shelf and inclined from the inner drum periphery in direction toward the outlet. The steeper the incline the more rapid will be the advance of the charge at any given rate of rotation for the drum. Spreader 16 on the outlet end of the shelves prevents the premature escape of the divided portions of the charge there located.

To vary at will the pitch of guides 15, it is feasible to pivot these to their shelf, as at 17, Fig. 8, and to provide an adjusting-bar 18 common to all of the guides. The bar will extend lengthwise of the cylinderand be secured in desired position by aid of plate-19 and set-bolt 20, Fig. 3 or other suitable expedient. On shift of bar 18 the whole series of guides 15 assumes a new incline, and thus without varying the speed of the drum the advance of the charge may be expedited or retarded, as the operator desires.

Besides its use as a drier the machine may be employed with like advantage for roasting ores, coffee, peanuts, &c. If cold air be admitted at inlet-throat Z in lieu of hot com- ICC bustion-gases, it is seen that the device lends itself to the quick cooling of various materials. By loading the air-supply with atomized water or other vapors these can be caused to deposit in part, and thus effect an even moistening of the charge. Sugar or the like fragile material can be tossed from side to side to effect granulation, even though no drying be attempted.

The dimensions hereinbefore stated respecting the diameter of the drum and the near relation of the shelves were given simply in way of illustration to better instruct the skilled mechanic and are not to be taken as exclusive or in any wise as limitations.

Obviously the details of structure can be varied accordingto the mechanics skill without departure from the essentials of the improvement.

Having thus described our invention, What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination with the rotary drum having suitable inlet and exit for the charge, of the set of longitudinal shelves, oppositely projected in offset pairs from the drum-wall and extended nearly to the drum-axis whereby the charge may shift by gravity fall in divided portions successively from side to side in balanced relation across the center during rotation of the drum, substantially as described.

The combination with the rotary drum having suitable inlet and exit for the charge, of the set of longitudinal shelves having in clined guides thereon; said shelves being oppositely projected in offset pairs from the drum-wall and extended nearly to the druma xis whereby the charge may shift by gravity the drum-Wall at symmetrically opposite.

places and terminating barely short of the axis of the drum so as to nearly overlap Whereby the charge may shift by gravity fall in divided portions successively from side to side in balanced relation across the center and progressively advance toward'the exit during rotation of the drum, substantially as described.-

4. The combination with the rotary drum having opposite inlet and outlet for the charge and ports at opposite ends in the top portion of said drum for entry and exit of the gases,

of the set'of longitudinal shelves extended from the drum-wall nearly to the central line thereof, and in symmetrically opposite position whereby the charge may shift by gravity fall in divided portions successively from side to side in balanced relation across the center during rotation of the drum and the gases pass through the drum along the upper pocket without direct contact with the charge, substantially as described.

- JASPER WHITING.

J. GOSTA BERGQUIST. lVitnesses: GEORGE P. FISHER, J12, ALBERTA ADAMICK.

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