US61916A - Improvement in steam engines - Google Patents

Description

i JHN SBARDEN, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.`- Laim Patent No. 61,916, @zaad February 12, 1867.

IMPRUVEMENT vIN STEAM ENGINES.

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TO ALL PERSONS` T0 WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME:

Be it known that I, JOHN S. BAnDEN, of the Vcity and county of Providence, and State of `Rhode Island, V

have invented a new'and useful or improved Steam Engine.; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification, and represented in the accompanying drawing, which denotesa lcngi` tndinal section applied to a double-acting force-pump.

- In this engine there are'two heads to the piston, thelexhaust steam in escaping being caused to pass 1aterally through the cylinder, and between the said two connected heads applied to the piston-head.

In the drawings, A denotes the cylinder, provided with steam passages or ports, a b, leading from the two ends of its bore to and through a valve-seat, c, of a valve chest, B, applied to one side of `the cylinder.. Between the two ports a b is an exhaust port or passage, d, which leads out of the valve-seat and laterally through opposite sides of the cylinder,v in manner as represented in the drawing, and to an escape hole, d. Within the cylinder is a double-headed piston, that is, one provided with two heads to its rod, such two heads being 'shown` at C D, and the rod at The heads are arranged within the cylinder in manner as exhibited, and are connected by a rod, F, provided with a long slot, e,`made vertically through and longitudinally in The longer arm of the lever G, which is arranged within the cylinder and the exhaust passage d, and has its fulerum atf, as shown inthe drawing, extends into the slot ve. The shorter arm of the said lever enters an angular recess, g, made in a movable plate, 7L, which'constitutes part of a slide valve H, placed on the seat c, and within the steam chest B. The plate his rectangular, and slides vertically within a rectangular frame, z', 4and up against an elastic plate, 7c, composed of vulcanized India rubber, or of a thin plate of spring steel, the said plate ciserving as a cover to Jdie valve-frame lz', as well as a spring to advance the valve immediately after its operative lever, G, may have been forced into a vertical position by eitherV end of the slot e. Each piston-head may be provided with a series of expansive metallic packing-rings, arranged on it as represented atl lm n and o; and, with respect to the steam entrance `passages P P, disposed in the head in manner as shown in the drawing. An auxiliary, or pump-piston head, I, is fixed to the piston-rod E, and Works in a pump-barrel, K, whose axis is in:V

the same straight line with those of the two connected piston-heads C D. The bore of thebarrel K opens at one end into a mouth-piece, L, extending from thestuiiing-box M of the cylinder A, and being arranged with the said barrel in manner as shown'in the drawing. The said barrel is surmounted bya valve chest, N, which is divided into three valve chambers, grr s, and an induction chamber, t,by valveseat partitionsu u w, arranged in it, and provided with valves and valve passages, as shown at :ry z, a', and b c d' 'and e. There is an induction openin-ghf'i, to th'e chamber t, and there is also an eduction opening, g', to the chamber g; and furthermore, there are ports and passages, LZ", leading from the valve chestN into the bore of the pump-barrel at ornear its 'two ends, as represented. If we suppose the slide valve H of the steam Vengine to be oil' the port b, so as to allow steam to flow from the chestB and act against the head D, the connected piston-heads C D, and the piston-rod E, will be simultaneously moved` rectilinearly in the cylinder A. During this movement the lever G will be moved cn its fulcrum by one end of the slot e, the plate h rising in the mean time under the pressure of the VleverG. This movement of the lever will cause the plate 7L to rise, and thevalve H tobe moved a `little more 'than' half its length of movement, the remaining portion of its movement being produced by the pressure of the steam in the valve chest, that is, by the pressure of the steam o"n the llexile or elastic part or cap 7c. So soon as the v'alve may have been thus moved so as to cover ,the entrance of the port b, and uncover that of the port a, the steam will act on the head C, and drive the piston in the opposite direction, the valve H in the mean time being thrown back to its rst position. On either` port a or b being covered by the valve, the exhaust steam will flow into the valve,'and from thence into and through the exhaust passage d, andthe cylinder or the space thereof between the two connected piston-heads C D.

From the above it will be seen that the slide valve H and its operative mechanism are entirely enclosed within the cylinder and valve chest; also that the mouth-piece L not only serves to connect the steam engine with'thc pump, and as acondenser for waste steam escaping through the stuing-box M, but it also serves as a. means of rendering unnecessary a smiling-box at that end of the pump-barrel which receives the piston-rod.

By constructing Vthe slide-valve H in manner as described, the steam, by the operationof the valve, will b i caused to act expansively in propelling the piston of the engine', The valve maybe constructed and applied ,to the lever G in 4such manner that each rectilinear movement of the valve may be produced by the lever and the slot e during the movement of the piston, in which case the' steam would not be cut oii` so asto afterward act expansively in moving the piston. Furthermore, Iwould remark that by the combination of the two sets of metallic packings or packing-rings with the two connected piston-heads C D, and by the arrangement of the steam passages pp of the two sets of packings, in manner as described, one of the packings, while the piston is being moved in either direction, will be expanded, and the other will be.collapsed that is to say, the impelling steam will expand the packing of the head against which it may bein operation, and tho packing of' the other head, or that which may be in the act of passing the exhaust steam from thc cylinder, will be collapsed, on account of the pressure being equal on it in all directions, for as the exhaust steam will be on both sides of the head. Under these circumstances the cylinder and piston will be relieved from friction of the packing of the advance head,l or that in which the collapse of the packing may take place.v Thus it will be seen that, during each stroke of the piston, it will be subjected' to the friction of only one of the two sets of packing, but this result would not follow with any other' than an' expansive packing to be expanded by the pressure of the steam.

I do not claim the application of a metallic expansive packing to a piston-head, as, this-is a very old invention;v but the employment of the sets ofpackigs'with the two connected heads', and with the steam passages arranged in the two heads, as set forth, is new, and productive of a new effect, as set forth.

I claim the improved steam engine, constructed not only with the two connected heads C D to its piston, and with the exhaust passage oZ, extending from the steam chest laterally into the space between the said two heads and out the side of the cylinder, but as provided with the lever G to extend between the two heads and into the slide valve H, such lever being for operating with such slide valve, in manner sbstantially as explained.

I also claim the combination of the mouth-piece L with the forcefpump and the lsteam engine, arranged and so as to operate substantially as speciied.

JOHN s. BARDEN.

Witnesses.

R. H. EDDY, F. P. HALE, Jr.

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