US618002A - Carbureter - Google Patents

Description

.um g lo n, n. a l. d e t n e t a P v. En ...n ME Rw BB .R DA .c n L 0 nu, lo 6 0. N

(Application Bled Oct. 27, 1897.)

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet W/ TNE SSE S /N VEA/70H A UUR/v5 Ys.

No. 618,002. Patented I an. I7, |899.

t n. D. BRADLEY.

CARBUHETER.

(Application fixed oct. 27, 1897.) (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

ATTORNEYS.

No. 's|s,oo2. Patented 1an; |7, |899.

n. n. BRADLEY. i

CARBU BETER.

(Appneiw med om 27, m97.) (No Model.) l 6 Sheets-Sheet 3- A fron/v5 rs.

No. 6|s,oo2. l Patented 1an'. I7, |899.

n. u. BRADLEY.

CARBUHETER.

(Application led Oct. 27, 1897.)

(No Model.) 6 Sheds-shunt 4. v

R. D. BRADLEY.

C A R B U R ET E B (Application led Oct. 27, 1897.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A TTOHNE U.

(No Model.)

No. 618,002. Patented lan. I7, |899. B. D. BRADLEY.

CABBURETER.

(Application led Oct. 27, 1897.) (Nn Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

/N VENTOH A TTOHNE YS.

rio.

UNITED STATES PATENT Tries.

ROBERT D. BRADLEY, 0F LINCIIESTER, MARYLAND.

ceasuan'ren.

srncxrrca'rron forming part of Letters :Patent No. 618,002, dated January 17, 189e.

`.ippuotnon'meaoctober?,1897. seritinmsamo. maman.)

To all whomit'nmyconcern: f Be it" known thatA I, ROBERT D. BRADLEY, of Linchester, in the county of Caroline and State of Maryland, have invented a new and intimate admixture and incorporation of atmospheric air with vaporized hydrocarbon iiquid.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a novel method and means whereby vaero-carbon fluid of a stable nature may be rapidly and perfectly evolved for combustion as generated. i

A further object is to provide a portable gasproducing apparatus adapted toffreely generatea measurably-xed aero-carbon gaseous fluid -and which is of novel and simple con struction, very efficient in operation, and that may be produced` at a moderate cost.

` The invention consists in the novel method of and apparatus for the production of gascous iiuid,as is hereinafter described, and de- 'flier therefor.

chamber broken away to expose a reticulatediined in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of Athis specification,

' in which similar characters of reference indi cate corresponding'parts in all the figures.

Figurel isa front view f theimproved gasproducing device. Fig.l 2 is a partly -sectional front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vpartly-sectional side elevation of the apparatus seen in direction of the arrow a; in Fig.

A1. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation in part of working details of the apparatus exposed by the removal of a rear wall of the inclosing cham- Fig. 5 is a-sectional plan view- -substantially on the line 5 5in Fig. 2. Fig.

6 is a sectional plan view essentially on the line 6,6 in Fig. 2. view substantially on the line 7 7 in Fig. 3, showing the interior construction of two of the vgenerating-chalnbers. Fig. 8 is a detached front end view of the gas-generating chambers, showin g'the front head wall of one Fig. 7 is a sectional plan partition therein; and Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional side view of an air-induction valve, which is a detail of theapparatus.

A casing 10 in rectangular form and con- 55 strncted of sheet metal, so as to be rendered gas and liquid tight, vis' provided of sufficient dimensionsto receive and hold in operative positions the interior working parts of the apparatus. In the casing 10a light metal frame 6o details below the apertured top ef the same, 65

and upon said frame the double-walled tank 2 is seated. The tank 12 isof sheet metal, and comprises 'two 'co1icentric cylindrical walls joined to getherat their lower edges, thus aiording an 7o annular chamber wherein any suitable liquid is to beheld and "in 'which the cylindric sheetmetal gas-receiver 13 is inverted and adapted to reciprocate when the device is in use.

Centrally within the tank-opening a pu mp- 7 5' barrel 14 is erected upon a cross-piece forming a portion of the frame 11, and in said barrel a plunger-rod a is held to slide, the upper extremity of said rod beingsecured in or upon the top wall of the cylindric gas-receiver 13. 8o 'A suitable packing-joint is provided between the roda and the upper end of the pumpbarrel 14, and at the lower end of the plungerrod, a valve-cageand valve b of .any approved vconstruction issecured-, which attachment is 85 fitted, as usual, to slideliquid-tight in the pump-barrel, and it will be apparent that the -slidable connection of parts'that have been described will serve to steady and guide the reciprocatory movement ofthe chamber 13 in g'o" the tank 12.

From the pump-barrel 14,- at one side and near. the lower end, an oil-supply pipe c is extended laterally and is so bent as to permit said pipe topass outward through a perfora- V9 5 tion-in the casing 10, as best shown in Fig. 2.

In the oil-supply pipe c acheck-valve c' of ordinary form is located and vconstitutes the l foot-valve of the pump, and when .the apparatus is'arranged for'service this pipe is to be :ce extended to a source of oil-supply,.which the pump will draw and discharge from the spout 2 j e1 acca ported to rotate on a common center, as willpresently be explained. The chambers 15, which inV number may be changed, are provided for the generation of gaseous fluid in such quantity as the needs of the consumer require, and each chamber or receptacle consists of a cylindrical sheet-metal shell having outer heads or end walls e, which each have at one end a series of apertures e', concentric with the periphery of the head and spaced a art a proper distance for eteetive service o the generator. The circularly-arranged apertures e' in one head c of each of the four chambers 15 have a suitable distance of sepa'- ration from the circumferential edge of the head in which they are formed, for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

Within each of the chambers'l a finelyslitted or otherwise minutely-foraminated tition-wall g is loosely secured near each ead wall e, a sufficient space being afforded between each partition and the head adjacent thereto for the free introd uction of liquid between said arallel walls. The chambers 15 are disp that contiguous sides of the same will have contact, and they are firmly secured together when so arranged, which will cause their axes to be equally distant from a common een ter, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 4.

A preferred means for holding the cylindric chambers 15 so that they will be oppositely arranged in pairs consists in securing a keeper-plate h upon the heads e of the chambers at each end of the same when in assembled condition, these keeperplates having sufficient area. to allow them to contact with a segment of each head e, the junction of said plates with two chambers 15 being shown in Fig. 7. In one keeper-plate h, at the common center for the four chambers 15, a transverse shaft h is secured by one end, and upon the body of said shaft, exterior of the keeper-plate, a ratchet-wheel 16 is atlixed. A journal or trunnion end of theshaft h" projects beyond the wheel 16 for engagement with a box-bearing h2 on a cross-bar of the frame 11 at the rear of the device. A- spring h* and washer h, loose on theshaft h', may be introduced between the wheel 16 and the box-bearing h2.

0n the keeper-plate h and the heads e at the opposite end of the chambers 15 a four-way branch piece 17 is secured, this piece being prererably cut and pressed into ,form from sheet metal, so as to produce four radial passages z', which at their inner ends intersect a shallow circular-walled compartment apertured at its center and provided with a hollow' journal i'. The journal i' has a rotatable engagement with a. box-bearing similar to the bearing h2 andformed on a crosswith regard to each other so' bar of the frame l1 opposite the one on which lthe bearing h Ais formed. The opposite supports for the united chambers 15 being axially coincident, it will be obvious that said chambers will be adapted for free rotation, it being only necessary that said journal-supports shall be such a distance. from the bottom wall'of the casing-10 as will insure clearance for the chambers therefrom. The heads cof 'the chambers 15, which are engaged by the four-way branch piece 17, have each a central ori'ce c formed therein, and the four radial passages in the branch piece, respectively, have free communication near their outerends with these orifices.

An air-supply pipe 18, which leadsairfrom an air-pump (not shown) or other supply for air under pressure, which passes through a valve hereinafter described, has o ne end con nected.with the hollow journal fi', so as to introduce yair in proper volume through the four-way 17 into each chamber l5 at one end. It will be seen that owing to the graduated restriction to a free passage of inducted air presented by the nely-perforated partition g in each chamber 15 an even diffus/ion ofthe entering air will be ell'ectedtherein.

A yoke 19, comprising parallel arms piv oted at their upper ends upon the lower sido of the top wall of the gas-receiver 13, has the lower portions of said arms loosely coupled, as at m, to the ends of spaced limbs on afurcated lever 20. The lever 20 projectsdiag nally down and away from the pumpbar rel 14, and at its lower outer end is firmly secured to the body of therock-shaft 21 near the longitudinal center of the latter. 'The rock-shaft 2l is journaled near its ends in depending ears n, that are formed or secured on the frame 11 along one side thereof. At the rear end of the shaft 2l arock-arm 22 is IUD secured to hang downwardly, and the body therefor being adapted to engage any one of y the perforations in said arm,vand thus alter the throw of the paWl as occasion may require. The lower end ot the Ipawl 23 is meshed with the toothed peri hery of the4 ratchet-whee1 16 for ite rotatab e" movement in direction of the Vcurved arrow in Fig. 4, and te prevent a retrograde movement ot the plurality of chambers 15 on their common axes a detent-pawl 23 is provided. This pawl, that is pivoted on the trame 1,1,has its toe meshed between teeth of the ratchetwheel 16 directly below the pawl 23. i y

It is essential to provide means for arresting the introduction of air from an outside source intol the chamber 15,and thereby limi-t the evolution of gas tol the consumption, as there is not room vin the apparatus for the storage of any considerable volume of the manufactured gas. To this end an' anto matically-operated aircontrolling valve 24 is IIO4 618,002 v l c employed, which valve seats upon the lower front cross-bar of the frame 11 and isflocated in the air-supply conduit 18, as shown in Fig. 9. Said valve is of the puppet class, having its closing-disk p secured upon the inner end of the horizontal stem p', that extends out4 through the valve-case, and at the outer end is jointed upon one end of the link p2, that at its opposite end is pivoted upon -the weighty tumbling-block 25. The t-umblingblock 25 is pivoted at its lower end upon the frame 11, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to beadapted for rocking adjustment toward or from the valve 24. i

On the forward endof the rock-shaft 21 a rock-arm 26 is secured, which arm has spaced' A valve 28, from which upwardly projects' the valve-rod 29, having a hand-wheel 30 on its upper end, is located in an air-conduit 1S, which receives air from the supply-pipe 18, andthere may be an index-hand s at the upper end of vthe valve-rod"to indicateI when.

the valve is open or closed, and also any degrec of open adjustment given to said valve.

There is an oil-inlet 3l on the top of the `easing 10, sealed by a removable cap32, said inlet being provided to allow the introduction of oil when the apparatus is to be started or at any other time it maybe found necessary,

and if by accident a surplus of oil is introduced it will pass ont through an overflow-pipe 10, that leads to the oil-supply holder. p

. The casing lO'is neatly inclosed by a cabinet 33, preferably of wood, and finished in any preferred style on the exterior, and the cabinet affords protection to Ythe apparatus from extremes of heat and cold. Ape'tture's.

are formed in the walls of the cabinet-for the introduction of the oil and air supply pipes .and on top to allow the valve-rod 29 to pro.-

ject therethrough, the hand-wheel 30 and index-hand s bein-g upon the outer portion of the valve-rod to permit manual adjustment of the valve 28.

On the cabinet or wooden jacket 33 an oilindicating gage 31 is located, as shown in Fig. l. The indicating-gage is of a type having a glass tube, wherein theoil in the chamber 10 seeks its level by gravity, and to this end the upper and lower ends of the upright glass tube are held by suitable fixtures of usual construction in position at the front wall of the cabinet, said fixtures tapping the casing or oil-chamber 10, so as to conduct oil therefrom into the tube.

Each of the chambers 15 has a filling of Very porous material u introduced therein between the partitions g, and such material should be slightly packed, so as to perfectly iill the space it occupies. While different substances may with measurably good results be utilized as a filling for the chambers 15, continued use has indicated that a most superior composition of matter for the indicated purpose consists of the infusoria or animalcula pervading .infusions of decaying substances, correctly termed protozoans, but commonly known as infusorial'eartli, and this earth in suitable proportions is mixed with mineral wool; The two materials specified are thoroughly intermingled so that the infusorialjearth is evenly distributed throughout the area of each chamber 15.

be extended to any point for supplying gas. Assuming that a quantity of hydrocarbon liquid has been introduced within the casing y .merced therein so as to cover one or more of the perforations e' in the head e of said cham- A gas-conduit or oi-'take pipe c projects from the casing 10 below the tank 12 to ber, the liquid,which is preferably a distillate of petroleu m havinga specific gravity of about f seventy-two degrees hydrometer gage', will be instantly absorbed by the filling in the chamber .l5 and permeate throughout said filling., Air should now be introduced under pressure through the valve 24 and four-.way 17 into the ends of the chambers 15 opposite the point where the hydrocarbon liquid v enters the chambers.

The'infusorial earth which has been saturated with the -oil is a very active agent for the dissociation of the atoms of the liquid, so that the molecules of the oil become chemically separated. 's The mineral wool coacts' by the described means brought separately into blendingcontact with the separated molrob ecules of the hydrocarbon liquid, and time` .i

by the natural affinity of the carbon for the oxygen inthe air aero-carbon gas is generated.

On commencement of gas generation, as explained, thevolume generated will quickly pass out of the chambers 15 through the oriices e and rise into the receiver 13, which will soon move upwardly in the tank 12 11n-- der pressure of the gas. When the maximum elevation of the chamber 13 is reached, the rock-shaft 21 will have been rocked so that the rock-arm 26 will push upon the pitman 27, and this will `rock'the tumbling-block 25 away from the valve 24, drawing upon the valve-stem p' and disk p, so as to close the latter upon its seat in the valve-body.

Thearrest of air-How through the chambers l5 of course stops the generation of gas, and as consumption of the latter removes the volume of gas 'from below the receiver 13 the latter begins to fall by i-ts gravity. As the y On the descent of the receiver 13, as has been explained, the pawl' 23 is pushed upon, and this turns the ratchet-wheel 1G, so as to partly rotate the joined chambers 15 in direction of the curved arrow in Fig. l.

The rotatable movement of the chambers 15 will be controlled in degree by the pivotaladjustment of the pawl :23 upon the rock-arm 22, it being evident that the nearer the free end ofthe rock-arm the pawl is pivotcd the greater will be the longitudinal movement of said pawl and consequent actuation of the chambers to give them a partial rotation. The change of position that is communicated tothe chambers 15 and which has been described causes the gradual successive immersion of the major portion of the periphery of each chamber, and it will be obvious that this will conduce to a thorough introduction of hydrocarbon liquid into and through all the chambers as the generation of gas continues. The valve 28, which controls the influx of air into the conduit 18, that-may be a hollow portion ofa cross-bar of the frame 11, isordinarily kept closed and air is furnished through the valve 24 to the generator-chamber 15.

It will be seen that 'a supply of air may be furnished in graduated quantity through the valve in the pipe 18, which will enable the proportion-of oxygen to carbon in the gas to be varied, and that at any time the gas is too rich in carbon the valve 2S can be more or lessopened to introduce more air, that enters through valve 24 directly into the gas-space inthe casing 12. This provision is very essential, as the liquid may in some cases be of somewhatgreater Aspecific gravity than seventy-two degrees or said hydrocarbon liq-y uid may be o f higher specific gravity 'and less richness in carbon.` In the latter case the valve 2S is closed and the valve in pipe 1h.' partially closed to admit a less volume of air. In Aoperation leach complete upward movement of the gas-receiver 13 and of the pump-rod u. will close the valve b-that is, upon the lower end of said rod-and lift the oil -that is above this valve for discharge from the spout (l, from which it falls to the bottom of thechamber 10 to keep up a regnlar supply for the generators 15.

The ,operation oi the apparatus is antomatic nlicr thc working parts are properly adjusted, and as long as gas is burned an adequate supply under pressure will be provided, which will be regulated to suit the flegroc ol consumption; but when the use of the illnininant is entirely discontinued it will be apparent that there can hc no rcciprocation of the gas-receiver 13 or movement ol' thc working parts, so that thc generation of gas ceases soon after the use oi' it is suspended.

The preferred use for the gas'apparatus is to provide an illuminant which is brilliant,

steady i-n burning, and of a uniform candlepower; but it is also well adapted for the generation of heating-gas, which should be of a less candle-power than that provided for illumination. A featu re of advantage is that the ent-irc apparatus for a plant of, say, twentyfive lights is so compact that it does not take up more room than a ten-light gas-meter of the usual form and may safely be placed in a living-room of a house, if desired.

The measurable iixity of the gas by cold process, which enables the use of the'illuminant in a house that is warm enough to live in either in Winter or in summer, is another important advantage pertaining to the improved apparatus and use of the unique composition of matter therein.

As already stated, the employment of mixed infusorial earth and mineral wool as a filling for the generator-chambers 15 produces chemical as well as mechanical action upon the carbonaceous material and air introduced, respectively, at opposite ends of said chambers, so that the hydrocarbon liquid preferably used in the manufacture of illuminatinggas by this improved process and novel apparatus may be a light-bodied coal-oil, which essentially differs from gasolene of from 80 to 86 specific gravit-y, that will vaporze readily in the air at a temperature of Fahrenheit, if exposed thereto, and that is ordinarily used to produce carbureted air for illuminating purposes. Y

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a gas apparatus, of the character described, the air-induction controller, comprising the parallel-limbed yoke-piece vertically reciprocable and laterally rockable on the upper end of a reci proeating gas-receiver, a supported rockable shaft having a serially-perforated arm, a forked leverloosely connecting the yoke-piece and rock-shaft, a tumblingblock supported to rock, a pitman loosely connecting the rock-arm and tumbling-block, and a valve in the air-ind uction passage, having its stem pivoted upon the tumbling-block, whereby the automatic reci procation of the gas-rcceiver is adapted to periodically open and close the valve, as specied.

2. In a gas apparatus of the character dcscribed, the rotatable gas-generator device comprising a plurality of cylindrical chambers, each having two perforated heads, and y two partitions inside and near each head, -a

four-Way conduit for air at one end of the generator, and adapted to communicate with an orifice in each chamber, and a valve controlling the air-passage leading from theeI IOO terior of the apparat-us to ilnnfmir-way con!y ciente duit, as specified.

E3. In a gas-generator for an aero-hydrocarbon-gas apparatus, the [urcylhnlrical chambers laterally connected at thc ends by disks and pivotcd at their centers, cach chamber having a head at one end that is seriali y pen i'orated near the periphery thereof for ind nc-r tionvof oil, and at the opposite end has an orifice for introduction of atmospheric' air,

and the device for periodically giving a ro' tative impulse to the 'combined cylindric chambers, comprising a ratchet-wheel on a trunnion at one end of the joined chambers, a pawl engaging the ratchet-wheel, a pushpawl also meshing with said wheel, and means to periodically reciprocate the pawl and thereby rotate the generator by-pressure'of gas as it is generated, as specified. 4

4. In a gas apparatus of the character described, the gasgenerator coinprieingfourcyiindrical chambers, which are laterally joined and su ppcrted to rotate at each end on a courl mon center, a. head at one end of' each vchainoer having a series of spaced perorations thereinnear the periphery, a head at the opposite end of each chamber having a single aperture, said apertures being for introduction of air, two perf )rated partitions in each chamber near the heads thereof, a suitable porous filling in each generator-"chamber, means to supply hydrocarbon liquid to the generator-chambers at one end, a device for rotation of the generators when as is being generated, meansto introduce an' at the oppcsite end of the generator-chambers, all the aforesaid parte being inclosed within a vertical casing, as speciiied.

5. rlhe combination of a gas-receiver movable by the volume of gas, a carbhreter com- G. in a gas apparatus, the combination of a gas-1'eceiver movable by the volume of gas, a carburetena ratchet-wheel in connection with the carburetor for turning the same, a pnwl engaging the ratchet-wheel, a rock-shaft having connection with the pawl to operate the saine, an arin fixed Vto the iocl;-s`iiaft, and a link attached to the arm and to the receiver to operaie the .roek-shaftnpon the movement lraniinated wall located adjacent to cach cud thereof and the walls being within the chambers, and a branch piece having passages leading to the respective chambers' and being in connu unication therewitlnihe branch piece' serving as an air-inlet.

8. In a gas apparatus, the combination, with the casing, adapted tocontain oil, and the gas-receiver, adapted for vertical movement as speciiied, and the carburetor adapted to rotate in the body of oil, of the yoke pivoted to said receive?I and adapted to4 swing, the rock-shaft, arranged horizontally, an arm. connecting it with said yoke, the air-inlet, a valve located in the latter, a piimau and link connecting said rock-shaft and valve, and a patri-and ratchet -for-roiatin g the carbure-ter, as speciiied.

9. 1n n gas apparatus, the combination,

with the casing adaptedI to contain oil and the gas-receiver, adapted for vertical movement as specified, and the carburetor adapted to rotate in. the body ,of oil, oi"- the yoke pivoted. to said receiver, and adapted to swing, the rock-shaft arranged horizontally, an arm connectin g it with said yoke, the air-inlet, a valve. located in the latter, a pitinan and link connecting said rock-shaft and valve, the

pivoted tumbling-block having a slot con.- nection with said pitinnn and link, anda ratchet and pawl for rotating the oarbureter, as shown and described.

10. The improved gas apparatus, `coinprisinge lvertical casing,a frame arrangedtherein,l

au oilpump and vertically-movable gas-receiver,lboth supported'cn said freine within the caeing, a rotatable air-carbureting a paratus mounted inthe frame, and mec anisin connecting the same with the gas-receiver proper, for automatically and intermittently rotating the carbureter, substantially -as .shown and.y described.

, ROBERT D. BRADLEY.

Witnesses:

.Linus E.' IIicNUrn Cinisi. l. Jansen.

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