US617680A - Progressive spinning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Patented Ian. I0, |899.

A. n. EMERY.

(Applicatipn led Sept. 23, 1897A.

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

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PROGRESSIVE SPINNING APPARATUS.

(No Model.)

No. 6I7,680. Patented lan. I0, |899.

A. D. EMERY.

PROGRESSIVE SPINNING APPARATUS.

(Appncaeimi mea sept. 23, 1897.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. jQ

lig 2 I ,77 i LH, y 'i m' IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIHIIIIIIII' 0 v 1B lllllllmmmugnm f Y No. 6I7,680.

Patented Ian. l0, |899. A. D. EMERY. PROGRESSIVE SPINNING APPARATUS.

(App'lication fixed sept. 2a, 1897.) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

IIIIIIIIIl IIIIII Nrrnn -STATES ATENT muon@ PROGRESSIVE SPINNING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 617,680, dated January 10, 1899.

Application iiletl September 23, 1897. Serial No. 652,688. (No model.)

to the partially-spun roving delivered from said primary spinning-head, and any suitable winding devices for spooling the resulting yarn.

In the apparatus represented in the drawings embodying an illustration of the invention the primary spinning-head, which is of the type of that shown and described in my pending application Serial No. 624,112, embraces,iirst, an upright cylinder'adapted to rotate upon its geometrical axis and to contain a bobbin of roving; secondly, a draw-roll frame, which is su rmounted by and connected to said cylinderand is provided with a whirl for engagin g a band, by which said draw-roll frame and cylinder are rotated upon a common vertical axis; thirdly, a system of pairs of superposed draw-rolls mounted in said frame and rotated upon their parallel horizontal axes by motion transmitted through atrain of changegears, including as its prime member a wormwheel mounted upon the lower end of the draw-roll frame and engaging a spiral worm formed upon a horizontal bed supported upon the top of the box, in which a hollow trunnion at the lower end of the draw-roll frame has its bearing.

The roving receives its initial twist at its point of delivery from the draw-rolls-that is to say,at what may be called the unfinished end of the yarnwhile the required additional twistis given by a supplemental spinning device in comparatively close proximity to the draw-rolls, so that the yarn receives and permanently retains one part of its twist at its unlinished end, while having the other part of its twist imparted at its iinishedend.

The supplemental spinning device, which may be of any known kind, is rotated in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the primary spinning-head and at such prescribed greaterspeed as may be desired-as, for example, at twice the speed of the spin` ning-head.

The system of change-gears for transmitting motion to operate the draw-rolls affords opportunity for varying the speed of rotation of the draw-rolls upon their own axes relatively to the speed of rotation of the spinninghead. Thus the draw-rolls may be made to deliver the roving at a prescribed rate proportioned as may be desired with reference to the whole number of twists which are given to the l'oving by the spinning-head and supplemental spinning device combined. Reducing the said relative speed of rotation of the draw-rolls increases the number of twists to the inch given to t-he roving delivered, and, on the other hand, increasing the said relative speed of rotation of the draw-rolls diminishes the number of twists to the inch given to the roving delivered. The number of twists to the inch in the finished yarn may also be varied by merely changing the relative speeds of rotation of the spinning-head and supplemental spinning device.

An important function performed by the spinning-head is the giving of a permanent initial twist to the roving at its point of delivery from the draw-rolls, whereby it results that the roving is immediately so strengthened as to enable it to go through the complete spinning operation without breaking, for the roving is unwound from the rovingbobbin by centrifugal force and is assisted by gravity in its passage down to and through the pairs of draw-rolls. lf the' twist should be permitted to run up the roving above its point of delivery, it would be necessary to greatly increase the energy of the grip of the drawrolls. To avoid this, the partiallytwisted roving is subjected to moderate friction by being given one or two turns around a smooth helically-curved wire or pigtail arranged a short distance below the spinninghead, wherebyit results'that the whole' or substantially the whole of the twist above the pigtail is that which has been given to the roving by the spinning-head, the remainder swfY IOO

of the twist being that given by the supplemental spinning device to the part of the yarn between the pigtail and the supplemental device.

Vhile spinning-heads of the character described produce yarn of superior quality in respect of evenness and smoothness of finish, their rate of production is comparatively small, because they cannot be run at the high speeds of ordinary spindles; but by the combination of the described spinning-head with a supplemental spinner-such, for example, as a throstle or dier-the rate of production is increased without impairment of quality. For example, if the spinning-head be rotated in one direction at aspeed of three thousand revolutions a minute and the supplemental spinning device be rotated in the opposite dii rection at a speed of six thousand revolutions a minute the yarn will receive nine thousand twists a minute, and allowing twenty twists to the inch four hundred and fifty inches of finished yarn will be produced per minute.

The accompanying drawings, embodying an illustration of the progressive spinner, are as follows: Figure lp is an elevation, partly in vert-ical section, conventionally representing an upright frame supporting a spinning-head, flier, and spooling device with appropriate driving-gear. Fig. 2 is a top View with the horizontal members of the structure represented as broken apart for the purpose of indicating that a multiplicity of progressive spinners may be mounted side by side upon a frame of suitable length. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken through the plane indicated by the dotted line o@ a; on Fig. l. Fig. 4 is an elevation, partly in vertical section, showing the lower part of the roving-bobbin cylinder and affording a side view of the drawroll frame. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the drawroll frame, partly in section, taken through the plane indicated by the dotted line 'y y on Fig. 4. Fig. Gis a transverse section taken through the horizontal plane indicated by the dotted line ,e .e on Fig. 5.

The drawings represent a frame in which there is mounted one progressive spinner. It will be understood that in practice a multiplicity of such spinners will be mounted side by side in the same frame.

The frame is composed of two uprights A A', united by horizontal members B, B', C, D, E, F, and G. The spinning-head embraces, first, an upright cylinder H, adapted to rotate upon its geometrical axis and to contain a bobbin of roving and provided at its lower end with the centrally-perforated head H'; secondly, a draw-roll frame I, provided at its upper end with the hollow trunnion I', which is inserted in and secured to the lower cylinder-head Il' 5 (a whirl 12 engages a drivingband I3, by which the said draw-roll frame and cylinder or roving-bobbin holder are rotated upon their common vertical axisg) thirdly, a system J of three pairs of superposed drawrolls mounted in said draw-roll frame and rotated upon their parallel horizontal axis by motion derived from a worm-wheel K, affixed to the horizontal shaft K', mounted upon the lower end of the draw-roll frame. The teeth of the wheel K engage a spiral worm or scroll K2, formed upon a horizontal bed K3, supported upon the top of the box K, in which the hollow trunnion lAl at the lower end of the d raw-roll frame has its bearing.

The pla-ne of the wheel K is radial with relation to the axis of rotation of the draw-roll frame. In the organization of gearing illustrated in the drawings the spiral worm in one revolution gains in radius a distance equal to the width of two of the teeth of the wheel K. Hence the wheel K, which has twenty-four teeth, makes one complete revolution upon its horizontal axis during every twelve revolutions of the draw-roll frame. By means of suitably-arranged gearing J (represented in detail in Figs. et, 5, and 6) motion is transmitted for the rotation of the draw-rolls, The lowest pair of rolls J 2 are so proportioned in diameter as to draw off and deliver two inches of the roving at one revolution.

Assuming that the spinning-head is rotated at the rate of three thousand revolutions per minute, the wheel K would make in the same time two hundred and fifty revolutions. Assuming that the supplemental spinning device rotates at the rate of six thousand revolutions per minute, the yarn receives nine thousand twists per minute, and if it is to have twenty twists per inch then four hundred and fifty inches must be delivered by the draw-rolls J 2. The wheel K rotates at the rate of two hundred and fifty revolutions per minute. Hence the shaft K' is provided with a pinion L, of thirty teeth, which engages a pinion L', of thirty-three teeth, affixed to the shaft L2 of one of the pair of draw-rolls J2, whereby the draw-rolls J 2 are made to rotate at one-tenth less speed than the wheel K- z'. e., two hundred and twenty-five revolutions-and assuming the circumference of the draw-rolls to be two inches each they will thus deliver the required four hundred and fifty inches per minute.

It will of course be understoodthat the gearing may be changed as required for adjusting the apparatus to spin yarns of a greater or less number of twists to the inch and also for the purpose of varying the relative propel'- tions of the twists given by the spinning-headl to the unnished end and by the supplemental spinning device to the finished end of the yarn and that the timing of the organization is herein shown and described merely for the purposes of illustration.

The supplemental spinning device (shown by way of illustration in the drawings) consists of the quadrangular flier M, which is provided at the top and bottom with the hollow trunnions N and O and is arranged to rotate in axial alinement with the described spinning-head. The trunnion N has its bearing in the box N', which is fastened by the IOC IIC

set-screw N2 in the horizontal member E of the frame. The upperend of thehollowtrunnion N projects above the box l and has affixed to it the whirl N3, which is engaged by the driving-band N4. The hollow trunnion O has its bearing in the box O', secured by the set-screw O2 in the horizontal member F of the frame. The partially-spun roving delivered from the draw-rolls is led through the hollowT trunnion N, thence spirally around the pigtail O3, thence spirally around the upper half of one of the side members of the flier, and through the transverse aperture therein H to the spool P. its lower end upon the disk P', affixed to the endwise-sliding vertical stem P2, and is centralized by the extension through its core of the upper part P3 of said vertical stem. The lower part P*L of said stem slides in the box P5, secured by the set-screw PG in the horizontal member G of the frame.

The symmetrical laying of the yarn upon the spool is effected by appropriate up and down feeding motions of the spool-carrying disk P. These motions are derived from the rotating feed-cam Q, which acts upon the lever Q, pivoted at one end to the frame and having its opposite end connected bythe link Q2 with the collar QS, secured to the lower part P1 of the vertical stem P2.

There may be employed any suitable mechanism for rotating the spinning-head and for stopping the rotation of the same if the roving runs out or if the roving or yarn breaks. The devices for these purposes (shown by way of illustration in the drawings) are similar to those shown in my pending application, Serial No. 624,112. They consist of the horizontal driving-shaft d, mounted in bearings in the standards A A. Opposite each spinning-head the driving-shaft d has affixed to it a' pulley b for engaging the driving-band Is hereinbefore mentioned. The driving-band 13 is held taut and made to rotate its spinninghead by means of the tightening-pulley c, mounted upon the inner end of the handlever d.

The hand-lever CZ is pivoted to a bracket O, affixed to the horizontal member O of the frame, and is provided with a handle CW, by the depression of which the tightening-pulley is raised into its band-tightening position.

The lever CZ is provided with the downwardly-projecting shoulder d2, which by engagement with the horizontal arm of the trigger e retains the tightener-pulley c in its band-tightening position. The trigger e is pivotally supported upon the bracket O and is provided with the weighted hand-lever e, by manually elevating which the trigger e is disengaged from the shoulder d2 and the band-tightener pulley c thereupon permitted to fall, and thus slack the driving-band I3. The trigger e is also provided with a downwardly-extending arm e2, which has a slot to permit the passage of the endwise-reciprocat- The spool rests atf The automatic dropping of the band-tight- Y ener pulley and the consequent stopping of the spinning-head when the yarn breaks or runs out is effected by means of the detectorlever h, the longer arm 71, of which is provided with an eye or hook which normally engages the partially-spun yarn between the spinninghead and the iiier and is thereby retainedin such position that its shorter arm h2 is below the path of travel of the tripper-bar f. If the yarn breaks or the roving runs out, the longer arm of the detector under the induence of gravity falls, and its shorter arm h2 then swings upward and over against the slotted arm e2 of the trigger e. In this position it receives the impact of the tripper-bar f and by communicating the motion thereof to the trigger c releases the trigger e from the shoulder d2, and thus permits the tighteningpulley c to fall, and thereby slack the drivingband I3, so that it ceases to rotate the spinnin g-head.

The hand-lever d is connected by the pitman t' with the arm fi', pivoted at one end to the bracket i2, affixed to the horizontal member E of the main frame and carrying at its free end the band-tightener pulley 3 for tightening the Hier-driving band N4.

Outside one end of the frame the drivingshaft CL is provided with a gearj, which en-v gages a gearj, mounted on a stud fastened to the adjustable slotted arm jz. The gearj also engages and serves to transmit motion to the pinion 7c, affixed to the horizontal shaft 7s and havingits bearings in the standards A A. The speed of rotation of the shaft r/ relatively to the speed of the driving-shaft a is determined by the relative diameters of the gear]l and the pinion 7a. As shown in the drawings, the shaft k is made to rotate at twice the speed of the shaft a.

Opposite each flier is affixed to shaft 7o a pulley I for engaging the iier-driving band N4.

It will be seen that by manually depressing the handle d of the lever d both tightenerpulleys are simultaneously raised and the belts I3 and N4 thus tightened. If, however, occasion arises to turn the spinning-head without turning the flier, the gearjl can be disengaged from the gear j by properly rocking the adjustable arm jg. Similarly if it be desired to change the relative rates of rotation of the shafts a and 7c the gear j and the pinion 7c may be removed from their respec- IOO IOS

IIO

tive shafts and others of the required different diameters substituted in their places. The driving-shaft ct is provided with two pulleys m and n for engaging the belt o, which serves to drive the pulleys m' ora', according to which pair of pulleys it is applied to. The pulleys m and n are affixed to a horizontal shaft o', mounted in a box o2, projecting from the standard A. The shaft o has aftixed to its outer end a worm o3 for driving the wormwheel o, affixed to one extremity of the horizontal shaft 05, provided With bearings in a bracket affixed to the standard A. The shaft 05 has affixed to its inner end the worm o6 for driving the worm-wheel o7,secured to the feedcam shaft p, which extends across the machine and at proper intervals has affixed to it the feed-cams, one of which, Q, is shown in the drawings.

It will be seen that by the described organization of the driving mechanism facilityis afforded for varying the relative speeds of rotation of the spinning-head and iiier, and opportunity is also afforded for varying the speed of rotation of the cam-shaft p.

It is desirable, especially when the filler gives a greater number of twists to the yarn than are given to it by the spinning-head, that the twists given bythe flier shall be prevented from running up to the draw-rolls. To this end there is afixed to the under side of the horizontal member D of the main frame the pigtail O3, around which the partiallyspun yarn as it comes from the draw-rolls is wound spirally, as shown, prior to its delivery to the flier. The object of this device is to do away with the necessity which would otherwise exist of setting the draw-rolls close together to enable them to exert the pressure which would be required to enable them to grip the partially-twisted yarn, it being preferred that the draw-rolls shall act only on the untwisted roving and that the twist at the unfinished end of the yarn shall commence exactly at its point of delivery from the draw-rolls.

It will be seen that the number of twists per inch given to the yarn may be varied by simply changing the gearing which transmits motion from the worm-wheel K to the drawrolls, and thereby varying the speed of rotation of the draw-rolls relatively to the speed .of rotation of the spinning-head upon its vertical axis. The number of twists to the inch may also be varied without varying the speed of rotation of the draw-rolls by varying the relative speeds of rotation of the spinningbead-driving shaft d and the flier-driving shaft 7a, as has already been pointed out.

It will of course be understood that any well-known form of spinner may be substituted forthe liier shown in the drawings Without departing from the invention. The iiier is selected for the purpose of illustration, because it amply answers the requirements of the case.

lVhat is claimed as the invention is-- 1. In apparatus for spinning yarn, the combination as herein set forth of two spinning appliances; a roving-bobbin mounted upon and having a common axis of rotation with one of said spinning appliances, whereby centrifugal force is utilized to initiate the unwinding of the roving from said bobbin, means for :rotating said spinning appliancesin relatively opposite directions, for simultaneously twisting in one direction the roving initially unwound from said bobbin by centrifugal force while twisting in the opposite direction the finished end of the length of yarn between said two spinning appliances, and means for winding up the nished yarn.

2. Aprogressive spinner,substantiallysuch as herein described, the same consisting essentially of a spinning-head composed of a bobbin-holder a bobbin and a draw-roll frame rotating in one direction upon a common vertical axis; a supplemental spinning device rotating in the opposite direction and arranged beneath and preferably in axial alinement with the said spinning-head; a system of draw-rolls mounted in horizontal bearings on said draw-roll frame, and means for rotating saiddraw-rolls upon theirown axes at prescribed speeds.

3. In a progressive spinner the combination of a spinning-head composed of a roving-bobbin holder a bobbin and a draw-roll frame adapted to rotate upon a common vertical axis; draw-rolls mounted upon horizontal axes in said frame; means for rotating said drawrolls upon their horizontal axes by motion derived from the rotation of the spinninghead upon its vertical axis; a spinning-headdriving shaft mounted in the frame of the machine and provided with a pulley for cngaging the spinning-head-driving band; a supplemental spinning device arranged beneath said spinning-head; a supplemental driving-shaft mounted inthe frame of the machine and provided with a pulley for engaging the band by which the supplemental spin ning device is driven; means for rotating said supplemental driving-shaft by motion derived froln said spinning-head-driving shaft, and means for varying the relative speeds of rotation of the said two driving-shafts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4t. In aprogressive spinner,the combination of a spinning-head composed of a roving-bobbin holder, a bobbin, and a draw-roll frame rotating in one direction upon a vertical axis, a supplemental spinning device rotating upon the same vertical axis in the opposite direction for imparting to the roving the remainder of the required twist, and means, as a pigtail, for imposing ,moderate friction upon the partially-twisted yarn between said spinning-head and supplemental Spinnin g device, substantially as described.

ABRAM. D. EMERY.

Vitnesses:

ESTELLE M. EMERY, CLARENCE C. Porra.

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