US609552A - Retort oil-burner - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 23, |898.

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Ri-:ToRr OIL-BURNER".

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,552, dated August 23, 1898.

Application filed March l0, 1 8 9 8 .To all whom, it may concern.'

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. LARKIN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the California, have invented an Improvement in Retort Oil-Burners; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the same.

My invention relates to an apparatus which is especially designed for the combustion of crude or other Oil as a fuel. r

It consists, essentially, of ay vaporizing chamber or retort, a means for supplying and delivering oil thereto, a 'surrounding superheating-chamber, with means for supplying steam to this chamber surrounding the oilvaporizing retort, means for finally delivering the steam to mingle with the vaporized oil, and in a novel construction of the apparatus, and a means for applying various tips through which the combined oil and steam are discharged into the combustion-chamber.

It also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lis a longitudinal sectional view of the apparatus, taken through line o@ of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken through line 'y y ofl Fig. l. f

Theapparatus consists of an exterior chamber Aand an interior chamber B, essentially concentric therewith, the two being cast inna single structure, one end of the outer chamber being closed by the annular end C, which is cast with the cylindrical portions A and B, while the inner chamber B is open from end to end.

The end C of the apparatus is designed to enter the furnace or nre-box where the combustion is to take pla-ce, and the open end of the central chamber B is screw-threaded or Otherwise so formed as to allow of the easy introduction and removal of the burner-tips D. These tips are made of various forms, dependent upon the character of the furnace the present case I have shown a style of tip having a globular end, with a'segme'ntal slit made in the end and projecting lips or ianges d upon each side of the slit. These flanges serai no. 6732359.v y or@ motel.)

` able the user to spread them apart (see dot ted lines in Fig. 1) or close them together at any point inthe curvature of the segment, which is approximately nearly a half-circle, and by thus opening or closing the lips the size,`direction, and character of the jet can` be varied to suit the requirements of the furnace.

It will be understood that various forms of tips may be employed for'this apparatus, de-

` pending upon the character of the tiame desired. l i

The rear endV of the apparatus is closed by a screw-plug E, which isliitted into screw threads in the rear end of the chamber B, and this plug has formed with it a flange F of a diameter equal `,to or larger than that of the exterior peripheryof the chamber A. This diskand" the open end of the chamber A being faced off, when the plug E is screwed in so as to close the rear end of the tube B the disk F will iit snugly against the rear end of the exterior chamber A, thus closing the two at one loperation,andwhen it is desired to open the apparatus it is easily done by screwing out this plug and disk, thus exposing the Whole interior of the apparatus for inspection 0r repair. A i

Through the center of the plug F. is made an opening, into Athe outer end of which is ply pipeG. Into the inner end of the plug is screwed the pipe H, which extends approxiscrewed or otherwise connected theoil-supmately to the center of `the chamber B and 'has attached to its end a tip I,with a suitablyformed discharge-opening at the end by which the oil is delivered into that portion of the vaporizing-chamber B nearest to the burnertips.

J is an annular inwardly-projecting flange cast with the body of the apparatus, and the inner diameteris such as to allow the tip I to project through it. This flange forms a partial diaphragm or partition, leaving an annu lar channel between its inner periphery and the outer periphery of the tip I, thus partially separating the rear and front end of the`chamber B, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. I i i K is a longitudinal diaphragm or partition cutting. the outer" chamber A into two segments. This partition extends from the rear IOO end of the chamber A to a point near the front head C, leaving a space between its front end and the head C, so that connection is made at the front between the two parts of the chamberl A. Into one of these segments, which in the present case is shown at the top, opens a steam-pipe L, which supplies steam directly from the boiler or other source. The steam fills the space in this half-segment surrounding the inner chamber B, and passing toward the front it passes through the connecting-space at the front end of the diaphragm K, thence passes into the lower part of the chamber, as shown by the arrow, and in this manner completely surrounds the interior chamber B.

At the rear end of the chamber B is an opening M, connecting the chamber A with the rear portion of the chamber B and behind the annular partition J.

The operation will then be as follows: The oil is supplied through the pipe G into the rear portion of the chamber through the tube H, and the steam is admitted through the pipe L into the surrounding chamber, the heat of the steam acting upon the inner chamber by passing around it and from one end to the other vaporizes the oil and raises its temperature,'and the steam then passing through the passage M, as shown by the arrow, is delivered through the annular channel between the tip I and the partition .I into the exterior vaporizing-chamber at the front end of the chamber B, where it is intimately mingled with the vapor of the oil and the two are discharged through the tip d into the re-boX.

This apparatus projects into the fire-box so far as to be subjected to the heat therein, and this, acting upon the exterior ohamberA, will superheat the steam which is admitted thereto, so that when it has finally passed around a chamber A and into the inner chamber B its temperature is elevated and it becomes more eifectnal in bringing the oil-vapor to a gaseous condition. The action of the steam passing through the annular channel around the tip I will serve to atomize the oil which has not been vaporized and greatly assist-in vaporizing it. By thus making a complete steam-jacket around the oil-vaporizing chamber and 'superheating the steam therein I am enabled to intimately combine the steam and the oil-vapor when they are brought together.

If it be found necessary to burn coal while these oil-burners are in position, alittle steam may be turned into the burner, which will keep it from being injured by the exterior heat and the decomposition will supply an element which, uniting with the smoke, will practically make a smoke-consumer for a coalburning furnace.

The apparatus as here constructed also serves to a certain extent to make the burner automatic in its action, as follows: The oil is supplied under a certain regular pressure, and if the steam-pressure in the boiler is reduced the corresponding pressure within the superheating and vaporizing chamber will be lessened. Consequently more oil will flow through the supply-pipe to the burner and a larger flame will result at the burner-tip. As this fire increases the steam-pressure rises and will correspondingly increase within the Vaporizing chamber, thus forming a back pressure, which will retard the flow of oil and correspondingly reduce the iame and fire. A very considerable rise in the steam-pressure will practically stop the iiow of oil temporarily until the steam-pressure is again reduced.

The advantage in the construction herein shown, enabling the burnertips to be easily removed and replaced, and the facility with which the whole apparatus can be opened by simply disconnecting the steam and oil pipes and removing the plug E, are of great advantage.

When it is desired to clean the pipe I-I, the oil-supply is cut off, and by means of a discharge-pipe O, with a valve or cock, (not here shown,) steam can be blown backwardly through the tip I and pipe H, so as to thoroughly clean them.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, isl l. In a retort oil-burner of the character described, concentric oilvaporizing and steamsuperheating chambers cast in a single structure with an annular permanent closure for the front end of the superheating-chamber, an open passage directly through the inner vaporizing-chamber, screw-threaded at opposite ends, a burner-tip removably iitted to the screw-threaded front end of said chamber, a screw-plug closing the rear end of the chamber, and having an annular iiange adapted to fit against and close the rear of the exterior superheating-chamber coincidently with the closure of the central chamber.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, a central cylindrical vaporizingchamber open at opposite ends, an annular superheating-chamber concentric and eXterior thereto with a permanently-closed front end, a screw-cap closing the rear end of the inner vaporizing-chamber and having an annular ange to fit against and close the rear of the superheating-chamber, a diaphragm extending from the rear of the exterior chamber to a point near the front leavin g an open communication between the two halves of said chamber, a pipe by which steam is admitted into one of said halves to circulate around the central chamber to be returned through the other half, and a passage by which the steam is delivered from the eXterior into the rear end of the interior chamber, a centrally-disposed oil-supply pipe and tip through which the oil is delivered into the central chamber and a removable burner-tip fitting the front end of said chamber.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, a central cylindrical open-ended retort and vaporizing-chamber, a concentric exterior superheating-chamber permanently closed at the front end, a burner-tip screw threaded and fitting corresponding threads in the front end of the central chamber, a screw-plug and annular disk serving to close the rear end of both chambers in unison, a diaphragm Yby which the outer chamber is divided into two segments, said diaphragm having open communication between the two halves near the front end of the superheating-chamber, a pipe through which steam is supplied into one half of said chamber to circulate around the inner chamber and return from the front toward the rear in the other half, a passage near the rear by which steam is admitted from the outer. to the inner chamber, an oil-supply pipe with discharge-tip delivering near the center of the inner chamber and an annular flange interior to the inner chamber surrounding the burner-tip whereby the steam is delivered from the rear into the front end of the chamber and mixed with the vaporized oil and iinally discharged from the burner.

4. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, the concentric oil-vaporizing and steam-superheating chambers with closures at the rear and front end, an interposed diaphragm, connecting-passages and oil and steam supply pipes as shown, in combination with the removable burner-tip having the projecting segmental flan ges whereby the burner-slit may be opened or closed and its form varied.

5. A burner-tip for oil-burners having the rear end adapted to be detachably connected with the retort and vaporizer, said burner having a semiglobular head with a transverse segmental slit, and flanges projecting beyond said head one upon each side of the slit and adapted to be moved toward and from each other to vary the form of the slit.

6. In an apparatus of the character described, concentric vaporizing and steam-superheating chambers, a screw-plug closing one end of the vaporizing-chamber and having an annular flange to close the corresponding end of the superheating-chamber,-a diaphragm in the latter chamber and passages connecting one chamber 'with the other, oil and steam supply pipes, a tip fitted to the oil-pipe and a burner-tip fitted to the front end of the vaporizing-chamber, and a pipe connecting with the oil-supply pipe adjacent to the rear end of the apparatus, so that by opening it and closing the oil-supply, steam may be blown back through the inner chamber to cleanse it. y

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

v GEORGE H. LARKIN.

Witnesses:

S. I-I. Nounsn,

JEssrE C. BRODIE.

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