US608747A

US608747A - baumann

Info

Publication number: US608747A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 1915-08-09

Description

No. 608,747. Patented Allg. 9, i898. R. BAUMANN.

SELF HEATING CRUCIBLE FURNACE.

(Application filed Dec. 31, 1897.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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Ms@ /f Patented Aug. 9, |898. R. BAUMANN. SELF HEATING CRUCIBLE FURNACE.

(Application filed Dec. 31, 1897.)

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RUDOLF BAUMANN, OF OERLIKON, SVITZERLAND.

SELF-HEATING CRUCIBLEnFURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of- Letters Patent No. 608,747, dated August 9, 1898. Application filed December 3l, 1897. Serial No. 665,050. (No model.) Patented in Switzerland February 17, 1897, No. 13,540.

T0 rf/ZZ whom, it may concern.:

Be it known that I, RUDOLF BAUMANN, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, residing at Oerlikon, near Zurich, canton of Zurich, Republic of Switzerland, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Crucible-Furnaces and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this speciiication.

This invention has been patented in Switzerland under No. 13,540, dated February 17 1897.

My invention relates to crucible-furnaces, and has for its object to improve the general construction of such a furnace and render it easier of manipulation and more effective in operation.

ln the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of my furnace in normal position7 the inclosing casing being shown in section. l Fig. l is a detail. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the mechanism shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l, showing the Crucible-furnace in tilted position. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the furnace with heater; and Fig. 5 is a plan of the furnace, the heater and top plate being removed.

Similar letters of reference represent similar parts in all the views.

A, Fig. 4, represents the Crucible-furnace, having a jacket of sheet or other metal A3, provided at the base with an annular frame A and at the interior side with a lining A2 of refractory material.

V is the grate supporting the fuel.

W is the Crucible-stand, with theprojection w catching intoa recess of the crucible A4.

X X, Figs. a and 5, are segments of refractory material placed between the lining A2 and the crucible A4. By means of the segments X X and the projection iu of the stand WV the crucible is secured in its position when the furnace is tilted. The space between the crucible Al and the lining A2 is lled up with burning coke. a is the spout, and r the gutter, arranged in the segment X and in the lining A2. l

Y is the perforated top plate of chamottc.

The heater consists of the jacket T, with refractory lining t3, of the curb-ring t2, of cast-iron, secured to the lower end of the jacket T and provided with the refractory lining t4 and with studs f5 to secure the lining t4, and of the tube U, of graphite, supportedby the coat t". The interior wall of the tube U forms the smooth continuation of the interior-lined and conical wall of the jacket T. By removing the lining t the tubo U, when destroyed, may be removed and replaced by a fresh one.

t are ears into which rods may be set in order to carry away the heater.

The Crucible-furnace A sets upon the wellknown air-chamber B, Figs. l and 2, and possesses laterally and on a level with the kennel a pivots a', journaled in supports C, secured at the top of the chamber B. Owing to this arrangement the kennel a always re- `mains in about the same distance from the level D, while the Crucible-furnace, by means of suitable devices, may be'tilted about the pivots a and the contents of the crucible A4 discharged into molds placed upon the level D in front ofthe furnace.

The means for tilting the crucible-furnace A are the following: A hand-wheel F, Figs. l and 2, is secured to the top of the vertical shaft E and a worm G tothe lower end of this shaft. 4 The worm G actuates the wormwheel H and pinion j. On opposite sides of the air-chamber B there is a beam K K,which beams are secured to the shaft Mfjournaled in brackets L. One of these beams K carries a toothed segment k, which gears into the pinion j. N N are links hinged at one end to the beams K K and pivoted at the other end to the pivots a2, iixed to the Crucible-furnace A. The back ends'of the beams K K are connected by means of the cross-bar O, Figs. l and 2, on which the rollers P are loosely mounted. Q Q are arms secured to the shaft S, journaled'in brackets R. The opposite ends of these arms are connected by means of the cross-bar S and rest on the rollers I). A counter-weight S2 formed by a series of plates and designed to balance the crucible-furnace is hung on the cross-bar S'.

When the Crucible-furnace A is tilted about the pivots a', the leverage at which the weight of the furnace acts in relation to the pivots IOO a increases and reaches the maximum when the furnace arrives in the horizontal position. In a correspondent rate also increases the leverage at which the counterweight S2 acts upon the beams K K by means of the arms Q Q.

m, Fig. 1, shows the leverageat the beginning of the tilting motion, and y, Fig. 3, represents the leverage when the furnace is tilted to its highest position. Owing to this arrangement it is not necessary to drive the handwheel F with greater force when the furnace A approaches the horizontal position.

The worm and wheel G II prevent the automatic falling motion of the raised furnace, so that the latter may be maintained in any position.

The smelting process is the following: The space between the crucible A4 and the lining A2, Fig. 4, is filled up with burning coke. Hereafter the heater is placed upon the furnace in such a way that the lower opening of the tube II is situated somewhatover the opening of the cruciblc A4, a small intermediate space being thereby formed between the upper edge of the crucible and the lower edge of the tube U. After this the erucible and the heater are filled up with the metal to be melted. Now the kennel a is closed by means of a clay plug and the blast introduced into the air-chamber B through the pipe Z, Fig. l. The blast enters the Crucible-furnace through the grate V, drives the coke-'Hames and gases between the segments X X' toward the top of the furnace, and forces the same to pass the heater and the chargecontained therein. The flames and gases give to the charge a red heat, so that it becomes soft and will be pushed down into the crucible, where it is melted. In this manner an exceedingly quick smelting process is obtained, and since the metal is exposed to the dames only to the red heat, but does not meltin the flames, this taking place in the crucible, the evaporation of the easily-combustible alloys contained in the compositions of metal is avoided.

The large lower opening of the heater pcrmits admission of the coke-flames to all the portions of the charge contained in the heater.

Owing to the smooth continued inside of the heater stoppage of the charge is avoided.

When the smeltin g process is finished, the heater is removed, the kennel a opened, the crucible-furnace A tilted, and the Crucible discharged, whereupon the latter and the heater may receive a new charge.

Z is a door to permit admittance to the tilting device and to the air-chamber B.

Having as above fully described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In combination, the casing, the cruciblefurnace having a spout near its upper end,

and pivots suitably journaled in the casing on a line with said spout, a pair of rocking beams located in the casing, links connecting said beams with the furnace and means for operating said beams to tilt the furnace, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the casing, the crucible- `furnace having a spout near its upper end,=

and pivots suitably journaled in the casing on a line with said spout, a pair of rocking beams located in the casing, links connecting said beams with the furnace, a toothed segment connected with said beams, a spur-wheel engaging said toothed segment, a wormwheel and worm for operating said spur-wheel, substantially as described.

3. In combination, a tilting Crucible-furnace, the rocking arms having link connections to the Crucible-furnace for tilting the same, and the levers having stationary pivots at one end and weights at the other, and havinga sliding bearing connection with said arms, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

RUDOLF BAUMANN.

Vitnesses:

H. LALLARD, HERMANN Kncnuonnn.