US608731A - Spinning-frame - Google Patents

Description

No. 608,73I. Patented Aug. 9, I898. J. P. TOLMAN & H. D. MARTIN.

SPINNING FRAME.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1897.) (No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet I.

B5 C0, womuwo. WASHINGYON u c No. 608,731. Patented Aug. 9, I898. J. P. TOLMAN &. H. D. MARTIN.

SPINNING FRAME.

(Application filed Jam 13, 1897.)

6 Sheets$haet 2.

(No Model.)

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SPINNING FRAME.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1897.) (No Model.)

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6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

|N\/ENTEIR5 y nmwm; 7 7* 4.4444 v N0. 608,73l. Patented Aug. 9, I898. J. P. TOLMAN &. H. D. MARTIN.

SPINNING FRAME.

(Application filed Jan 18. 1897.] (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4- \A/ITNESSEE No. 608,73I.

Patented Aug. 9, I898.

J. P. TOLMAN &. H. D. MARTIN.

SPINNING FRAME.

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No. 608,73I. Patented Aug. 9, I898. J. P. TOLMAN & H. D. MARTIN.

SPINNING FRAME.

(Application filed Jan. 18, 1897') (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

A J04! Q/ wl. mm

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES I. TOLMAN, OF NE\VTON, AND HENRY I). MARTIN, OF SHIRLEY, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE SAMSON CORDAGE \VORKS, OF

BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPINNING-FRAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 608,731, dated August 9, 1898. Application filed January 18, 1897. Serial No. 619,568. (No model.)

To (all whom it may concern:

lie it known that we, JAMES P. TOLMAN, of Newton, and HENRY D. MARTIN, of Shirley, in the county of Middlcsex and State of Massachusetts, citizens of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Spinhing-Frames, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formingapart ofthis specification, in explaining its nature.

In order to prevent waste and to save in the labor of attendance, several different forms of apparatus have been devised for breaking the strands of roving on a spinningframe, each spindle of the frame having provided for it a clamp which shall break the roving supplied to it whenever the thread made from the roving shall have become broken and cease to wind upon the spindle. The breaking of the roving causes it to cease being fed forward by the drawing-rolls, and thus prevents the waste which would have been made between the time of the breaking of the thread and the time of discovery thereof and the piecing up of the end by the operator. It also saves the time which the operator would have spent in removing the waste from the clearer-roll or other place where it might have accumulated. The usual device is controlled by a pivoted thread-guide placed between the drawing-rolls and the spindle, and the breaking of a thread releases the pivoted guide, which being then moved by an overbalancing-weight brings into operation a clamp which holds the roving at a point before its entrance into the drawingrolls and causes it to be pulled apart or broken by the pull exerted by the revolving rolls. A typical breaker of this sort is shown in the United States Patent No. 178,946, is-

sued to ODonnell and \Valker June 20, 1876. Although many breakers operating in substantially this manner have been designed, there have been inconveniences attending their use which have in a measure overcome their advantages and have prevented their general adoption. In the spinning of the coarser numbers of yarn there is a considerable advantage in the use of these appliances, the great saving in waste being more than sufficient to pay a fair return on the cost of their adoption. In the spinning of the finer numbers, however, the smaller saving in waste is not alone sufiicient to compensate for the additional cost of installation and to overcome the disadvantage caused by the gathering-places for lint and fiyings offered by the extra parts introduced in the construction. Moreover, the saving in time occasioned by not having waste to remove from the clearer roll is partly lost because of extra time required to insert the broken end of roving into the guide-trumpet and between the first pair of drawing-rolls when an end is to be pieced up. Attempts have been made to overcome this need of feeding the roving forward by the operator by making the action automatic and causing the roving to move forward between the drawing-rolls by the simple operation of depressing the threadguide. An arrangement for this purpose is shown in United States Patent No. 566,307 to Culver, dated March 10, 1896. In this and similar devices the roving-clamp is placed within the guide-trumpet so close behind the first pair of drawing-rolls as to be at a less distance from their bite than the length of the fibers of which the roving is composed. In such case as the weight which binds the first pair of rolls together is very light, while the weight binding the second pair of rolls together is much greater, the roving is pulled apart between the first and second pairs of rolls. The broken end of roving then lies between the first pair of rolls, and as the rolls continue to revolve there is a constant tendency to feed the roving forward, an becomes operative the moment the clamp upon the roving behind the rolls is rel a Vith this class of roving-breakers, therefore, it is only necessary that the operative When ready to piece up an end should depress the thread-guide lever, and the roving 1s automatically fed forward. As heretofore constructed, however, the automatic feeding forward is not absolute. The broken end of roving lying between a pair of revolving one of which is usually made of fluted metal, is subject to constant abrasion, and the guide trumpet, with its clamp, is mounted upon a traversing bar, the motion of which tends to withdraw the end of roving from between the rolls. It therefore happens that unless the broken end is very quickly discovered by the operator and pieced up the causes named have served to wear olf or withdraw the end of roving from its position between the pair of drawing-rolls, so that it requires to be fed into its place by hand.

It is the object of our present invention to provide a roving-breaker which shall be perfectly certain to break the roving whenever the thread-guide is elevated by the overbalancing-weight and equally sure to automatically feed it forward when the thread-guide is depressed. \Ve thus secure all the wastesaving advantages of the breakers previously referred to and so much diminish the labor of attendance as to make it economically desirable for the finer numbers of yarn, and fewer operatives will be needed for attending a given number of spindles. \Ve also provide a method of carrying the thread-guide lever beneath the roller-beam, if desired, so that the thread-board may be free from obstructions and easily wiped up,thus preventing the accumulation of lint and fiyings where they are in danger of being dragged into the thread. \Vc also provide an improved means of centering the thread-guide or adjusting it over the spindle, and, moreover, we provide a depressor for lowering and holding down the thread-guides after dofting and preparatory to starting up the frame, which being beneath the roller-beam is not in the way of the operator in the ordinary cleaning and wiping up of the frame.

The principal feature of the invention is a roving-breaking-roll-lifting tongue or shield which is operated by the pivoted thread -g uide and which when the spindle is successfully operatingand spinning the roving into thread is held clear of the rolls and roving and inoperative. lVhen, however, the breaking of a thread releases its thread-gnide, an overbalancing-wcight causes the thread-guide to fly up, and this movement projects the tongue or shield into a position between the first pair of drawing-rolls, clamping the roving between itself and one of the rolls and permitting the next pair of rolls to pull apart or break the roving between the two pairs of rolls. The end of the roving and the driven roll are both kept clear of the driving-roll by the tongue or shield, so that no injury comes to either of them, and as the roving loosely fits the guide-trumpet which traverses behind the rolls there is no tendency to withdraw the roving from between the rolls, and it remains for any length of time uninjured and in place ready to be caught in the bite of the rolls and fed forward the moment the tongue or shield is withdrawn by the act of depressing the thread-guide lever, which is done by the operator when ready to piece up.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to use our invention, we will proceed to give a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar parts are designated by the same letters and figures.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View in front elevation of a portion of a spinning-frame having the features of our invention. Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of an adjustable shelf serving the purpose of a thread-board and also a registering-plate for the threadguide lever. Fig. 3 is a view in plan of the parts shown in Fig. 1. Fig. l is a view in vertical section upon the dotted line 4 i of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a view in perspective of a thread-guide-lever depressor and its operating-rod. Fig. (i is a view in vertical section, illustrating the threadguidc lever as provided with a latch for latching it in its lowest oroperative position. Fig. 7 is a view in vertical section, showinga modification in the conneetions between the thread-guide and the shield or tongue and also a different form of threadguide-leverlateh from that represented in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 isaview in vertical section,illustratinga further modification in the connections between the thread-guide and the tongue or shield, to which reference is hereinafter made. Fig. 9 is a viewin perspective, inverted, of an adjustable bracket-shelf provided with means for holding and adjusting the pivot of the thread-guide lever shown in Fig. 6. Figs. 12, 13, 14, and 15 are views representing the operation of our invention, Fig. 12 showing the position of the parts when in operative position, Fig. 13 showing the position of the thread-guide lever, tongue, or shield and upper rear roll immediately following the break of the thread. Fig. It represents the action of the machine which follows the Ii rst breaking of the thread-namely, asecond breaking, which takes place in front of the rear rolls. Fig. 15 represents the position of the parts and the action of the machine upon the depressing of the thread-guiding lever preparatory to piecing. Fig. 10 is a view in perspective, enlarged, of a breaker tongue or shield. Fig. 11 is ascction of a roller-beam, showing a bracket-shelf secured to a strip of wood which is hinged to the roller-beam, whereby all the shelves may be simultaneously raised to an inclined position in the manner of the ordinary thread-board.

In the drawings, A designates the roller' beam of a spinning-frame of the type used in cotton-spinning. Bis the roller-stand mounted thereon and carrying three pairs of drawing-rollersC D, C D, and (J l). The strand of roving E is drawn out or elongated by its passage through the rolls, each pair of which runs at a greater speed than the previous pair, and on leaving the bite of the last pair of drawing-rolls 1) becomes twisted int IIO a thread e and is wound upon a bobbin on the spindle, as shown at F. This twisting and winding may be accomplished by means of the ring G and traveler g, as shown, or by a flier or any other method known in the art. The thread e in its passage from the rolls to the bobbin goes through the eye 21 of the thread-guide lever H, pivoted at 22 and adapted to be raised into the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4 and in Fig. 13 by the overbalancing-weight 23, when the thread e is broken and ceases to exert a downward pull at 21. Connected with the lever H bya link I is the breaking tongue or shield K, swingingupon the roll C and adapted to pinch or clamp the roving between its edge 24 and the roll D when moved into its operative position, as shown in Fig. 6. For convenience in settiugand adjustment we prefer to make the weight 23 and the link I adjustable on a screw-thread 25, out upon the end of the lever II. We also prefer to hang the weight eccentrically, so that it may stay where placed, and by hinging the link I below the lever H,

as shown at 26, we avoid danger of its being moved by inadvertence and its adjustment disturbed.

We have provided for a longitudinal adjustment of the threadguide lever by the slotted holes 27 in the hingeplate 28, as shown and described in our said patent, and we secure a lateral adjustment by the groove 29 in the adjustable bracket-shelf L, secured to the roller-beam A by the screws 30, passing through slotted holes 31 of a T shape. The groove 29 permits the lever H tolie below the level of the top of the bracket-shelf, and thus leavesapractically smooth surface over which a cleaning brush or bug may be passed for wiping up and removing lint, &c. The spaces 32 between the shelves permit the operation of separators (not shown) should they be used on the frame.

We do not confine ourselves to the particular form of construction of breaking tongue or shield shown in Figs. 3, 4, 6, and 10. As here shown, the tongue or shield is made of a piece of sheet metal X secured to a bent-wire frame X; but we have made these shields of other form and have sometimes made them from a single piece of metal so cut and rolled as to produce a form similar to the composite shield illustrated in said Fig. 10. Instead of being made of metal the shield may be of other suitable flexible material- \Vhatever especial form of breaker is employed, it is desirable that it shall be suspended from the driven roll Cvby means of hooks or hangers, which are open at their ends to permit the quick placing and removal of each breaker to and from its supportingroll, and which are also arranged or shaped to bear upon the smooth reduced portions of the roll between a working boss, and which also serve asa-support for a. cross plate or piece X, the upper or inner edge of which forms the working edge 24 of the breaker.

These hooks or hangers also serve to hold said plate or piece always removed fromthe boss and provide narrow supporting-surfaces on the roll, whereby the friction between the roll and them is reduced to a minimum and the roll cannot serve to move the breaker. The breaker is also provided with a depending arm X, preferably in the form of a loop, or provided with some equivalent for the loop, and this pendent arm is connected with the inner end of the thread-guide lever by means of a connection which is both adjustable and detachable. It is adjustable for the purpose of varying the relation of the working edge 24 to the upper roll D in the original setting of the breaker. It is detachable in order that the breaker may be wily placed upon a roll or removed.

The means for adjustment is represented as obtained by means of an adjustable hook or hanger, which is provided with a screwthread and adapted to be moved backward and forward upon the end 25 of the threadguide lever. The detachable function is obtained by making the outer end connection or link I in the form of a hook which is adapted to hook upon the cross-bar at the lower end of the looped dependent arm of the breaker.

In Fig. 10 the hangers and slotted or looped depending arm or lever are represented as formed from one piece of wire, the wire serv ing to reinforce the sides and bottom of the breaker-plate, said plate having ears at its sides and bottom which embrace the wire frame.

The depressor shown in Figs. 4 and 5 con sists of a pipe or rod 0, turning in brackets or in holes bored through the standards of the frame, upon which are mounted a series of dogs P. These dogs may be made of .stitf wire and held in position upon the rod by the spring of the wire, as shown, or may be of any suitable shape and attached in any suitable manner. The dogs are usually in the position represented in full lines in Fig. 4; but after dofling-that is, when the full bobbins have been removed from the spindles and empty ones substituted, the threadguide levers being then, both forconvenience in handling the bobbins and because of the absence of tension upon the threads, in the elevated position shown in dotted outlines in Fig. 4-it is desirable to depress them or re turn them into the position for spinning, as

removing the dogs from bearing upon the levers and leaving them free to operate in case of the breakage of a thread.

It will be seen that the tendency of the pressure exerted by the dogs in depressing the thread-guide levers is to make them bind more closely-u p011 the rod which carries them, so that they are not in danger of accidental displacement upon it, although they may be easily sprung upon the rod and are also capable of ready adjustment lengthwise the rod.

In Figs. 13 and 7 we show devices for use in spinning fine numbers of yarn. When very fine threads are being spun, the tension upon them is too light to hold down the lever H in opposition to the balance-weight 23, and the strength of the thread will not permit the application of a suilicient tension to accomplish this result. \Ve have found, however, that a very light tension may be sufficient to hold a latch, and when a latch is held by the pull of the thread it looks the thread-guide lever intotheregularposition forspinning. \Vhen, however, the thread shall become broken, thus releasing the latch, the overbalancingweight will cause the lever to fly upand by its motion bring the breaking tongue or shield into operation and clamp the roving. In Fig. 7 we show such a latch operated by gravity, and in Fig. 6 we show a similar latch operated by a spring, and this is represented as obtained by making the thread-guide lever in the two parts h h, the part It containing the eye through which the thread passes, and also having the latch h and being movable toward and from the extreme end of the lever-section h in a guide or case it supporting it and connecting the two leversections together. This case contains a light spring h, which moves the thread-guide sec tion It away from the section it. \Vings h upon the case prevent the turning of the section h. The latch 72, is so located as to be closed slightly under a stationary part (preferably the front edge) of the shield L by the inward draft of the thread 6 passing through the guide upon the section It, the said draft being'sufficient to overcome the stress ofthe spring h and to hold the latch h in engagement with the edge of the table or other holder, and this maintains the thread-guide and lever in their normal operative position.

The breaking of the thread e releases the spring h and permits it to move the section h of the lever II outward, thereby disengaging the latch 7L2 from its holder and permitting the weight 23 to come into play and lift the threadguide and also the breaking tongue or shield to its operative relation with the roll 0.

In Fig. 7 the gravity-latch is shown. It is represented as applied to the end of the lever 11 by means of an eye It, pivoted at h to a forked piece it, attached to the end of the lever II, and thereis pivoted to this swinging eye at h the latch-piece 7L which extends backward and then downward and has a rounded end h, which forms the latch and it in the horizontal position represented in Fig. 7. Upon the breaking of the thread and holding stress being removed thereby from the eye it drops forward and downward, thereby drawing forward the latch-piece 71. from the bracket-shelf L or other holder and releases the lever II, permitting the weight to lift the thread-guide and also the breaking tongue or shield, as above specified. It is desirable that the latch be rounded on its upper and lower corners, and especially on its under corner, in order that it may, if brought into contact with the upper corner of the bracketshelf L upon its downward movement, ride freely off the same to its latching position.

When the thread thatis being spun is quite strong, it is not necessary that it should have so long a leverage upon the thread-guide lever as we have illustrated heretofore, and in such cases we are permitted a simplification of a structure diminishing the number of parts and lessening the cost. In Fig. 8 we show such a simplified structure, the shortened thread-guide lever H having its fulcrum at the screw 33. This screw is adjustable horizontally in slots 34 in wings of the bracketshelf L, (see Figs. 8 and 9,) giving a longitudinal adjustment, and the lateral adjustment is secured by bodily moving the whole shelf to one side or the other by means of the screw and slots 30 and 31, as already shown.

We do not confine ourselves to either com bination of shield and lever as shown, as we may use either a flexible or metallic shield, and the thread -guide lever maybe either above or below the roller-beam and may be hinged either in front or behind the rollerbeam. Moreover, the registering of the thread-guide may be accomplished eitherby our bracket-shelf, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, or by our V-plate, as shown and described and claimed in our said patent. Moreover,we do not in case of the use of ourbracket-shelves limit ourselves to the method shown by which they are each secured singly to the rollerbeam, as it may often be more convenient to secure them to a strip of wood 35, which in its turn is either rigidly fasten ed or hinged to t roller-beam, (See Fig. 11.) When hinged to the roller-beam, it provides means whereby all the bracket-shelves may be turned "P as one, and where rigidly attached to the rollerbeam it aifords a cheap and desirable way of applying to former in use.

We prefer to attach the bracket-shelf It to the roller-beam or to the holding intermediate strip by first screwing their holding and looking screws into the front Side Of the beam IOC strip and in a position which shall bring them midway the length of the slots 31 and to an extent that shall leave their heads removed from the beam or strip the thickness of the rear downward extending or bent ends I of the bracket-shelf. By this means the holdin g-screw can first be screwed into place without obstruction and the bracket-shelves then slipped upon the same by being moved downward thereon. They are then adjusted and the holding-screws tightened to lock them in their adjusted position. \Vhere the levers II extend under the rollerbeams, holes are formed therein or in the table behind it of a size to receive the levers and permit of their movements, and to keep the upper surface of the beam as smooth as possible the eyes of the hinge-plates which formthe connections with the levers are upon the under side of the hinge-plates and extend into the holes.

In Figs. 4, 6, and 10 the breaking tongue or shield is represented as hung upon and supported by the roll 0 by extensions from the tongue or shield, which are upon each side of the operative or fluted section of the roll, and a stiff downward extension of the tongue or shield forms a lever which is engaged at its lower end by the thread-guide lever II, and the movement of this lever in one direction causes the edge of the breaking tongue or shield to be moved upward and inward upon an are, which first brings it into contact with the roving and by its continued movement clamps it against the surface of the roll D and lifts it and the roll D from the roll 0.

The operation of the invention is well shown in Figs. 12 to 15, inclusive.

In Fig. 12 the various devices are represented in their normal operative position and relation to each other, the roving or thread passing through the drawing-rolls and threadguide to the bobbin, the thread-guide lever being represented as held down by the tension of the thread and the roving-breaking tongue or shield, as in the operative position.

Fig. 13 shows the change in the position or relation of these parts to each other upon the first or accidental breaking of the thread. The tension of the thread upon the threadguide lever being then removed, the weight moves the operating end of the breaking tongue or shield into eontactwith the roving and clamps it against the roll D, the roving and said roll being at the same time very slightly removed or released from the active roll C. The upper roll therefore no longer acts to feed the roving, but becomes stationary, and with the edge of the breaking tongue or shield forms a clamp or breaker which immediately arrests the roving at that point, and as the rolls 0 D C D continue to rotate a short section of the roving is caused to be broken between the first and second sets of rolls, which short section immediately runs out of the rolls, and this operation of the invention is represented in Fig. 14. The parts remain in this position or relation to each other, the breaking tongue or shield holding the end of the roving from contact with the active roll 0 and also holding the roll D therefrom and the end of the roving between its edges and the said roll D until the operator discovers the break and desires to piece the ends, when the forward end of the threadguidelever is depressed,thereby removing the breaking tongue or shield from contact with the roving and roll D, permitting the roving to be again brought into contact with the active roll 0 by the downward movement of the roll D and the immediate feeding of the released roving by said roll onward to the next set of drawing-rolls, which thereupon takes up the end and feeds it to the third or front set, where the end is united or pieced with the end of the thread from the bobbin in the usual way. It will thus be seen that upon the removal of the breaking tongue or shield the feeding of the roving and drawing-rolls is immediately automatically resumed and without any manipulation on the part of the operator, the operator simply having to receive the end as it leaves the last pair of drawing-rolls and to unite it with the end of the bobbin-thread, said union immediately taking place automatically because of the twisted movement of the end of said thread.

\Ve prefer that the upper rolls be of the construction known as loose boss or shell and which permits one of the said shells to be moved from engagement with a lower roll without disturbing the relation of the companion shell or shells on the same arbor to its constantly-rotating roll.

It will be noticed that the part which we have called the tongue or shield performs these functions: First, it acts in conjunction with the driven roll as an automatic breaker, clamping the sliver between its edge and the roll and holding it so clamped, while the drawing-rolls beyond, continuing their drawing action, cause the sliver or roving to part between the breaker or clamp and themselves. Second, it acts to prevent the advanced end of the sliver or roving from being frayed or injured by the continued turning of the driving-roll. This is accomplished by its removing enough of the pressure of the 1 driven roll, which normally holds the sliver of rovingin contact with the said driving-roll, as will produce this effect. This does not necessarily mean that anything more than the weight of the driven roll itself or the weight which bears upon the driven roll be so reduced or removed that the driven roll shall not act to press the sliver or roving against the driving-roll, but the driven roll is in a measure supported by it and in some instances may be bodily removed slightly or to any desired extent from the driven roll. Perhaps the best result is that which is obtained by very slightly removing it from said roll;

but we do not wish to be understood as limiting ourselves to any movement or extent of movement so long as the sliver or roving is not forced or held by said roll in operative contactwiththedrivingorfluted roll. Third, the said tongue or shield also serves to hold the advanced end of the said sliver or roving clamped against the driven roll and in a position to be immediately automatically fed onward upon the withdrawal of the tongue or shield and the operative engagement of the driven roll with the driving-roll, and in this connection we would say that it not only serves to so hold the said end, but it also holds it as against any tendency of the reciprocating tunnel, through which the sliver or roving passes immediately before it enters the said rolls, to dislodge it or change its position-in respect to the tongue and roll. Fourth, the said tongue or shield also upon its withdrawal from contact with the driven roll leaves the end of the sliver or roving between it and the driving-roll and permits the driven roll to engage the driving-roll and the contin ued feeding of the sliver or roving to be automatically resumed. '0 would further say that it may be employed for performing all these functions or any one of them alone, or any combination of two or more of them. We would also say that it may be moved against any part of the driven roll alone, or it may be moved between any portions of the driven and driving rolls.

\Ve have spoken of the invention as applied to a drawing-frame, and by drawingframe we mean any organization of two or more pairs of drawing-rolls adapted to draw sliver or roving.

It will be seen that the shield is adapted to behung upon one of a pair of rolls of a drawing and spinning frame without removing the roll from the frame, and that this result is attained by means of the open-hook hangers with which it is provided. It will also be seen that these hangers are separated from each other by a distance a little greater than the width of the working surface of the roll, whereby the hangers are adapted to be hooked upon the reduced portion of the rolls upon each side of the working surface. It will also be seen that the gripping edge of the shield is held from coming into contact with the working surface of the driving-roll at all times, so that the said surface of said drivingroll cannot be injured and the gripping edge of the shield cannot be injured by the abrasion of one upon the other, and that this is of very large value because it insures a permanency of accurate working of the gripping edge of the shield after the shield has once been adjusted, whereas if this were not the ease the shape and position of the gripping edge would be constantly changing, and where a machine is provided witha verylarge number of shields it is apparent that such a disturbance or wear of the grippin edge would be fatal to its commercial use. It will further be seen that the hangers reinforce the edges of the shield and provide the means whereby the gripping edge is held removed at all ti mes from the surface of the drivingroll. It will further be seen that the device is organized to be immediately applied to present standard types of drawing and spinning frames in use, as well as to those now being manufactured.

Having thus fully described our invention, we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. In a spinning and drawing frame a breaker comprising hooks or hangers X, and a cross-plate X attached to said hangers or hooks and having the breaking or operative edge 24, the said hooks or hangers affording means by which the breaker is suspended upon a roll and removable from it, and also narrow bearing-sections which are adapted to rest upon the roll and act to hold the crossplate from contact with it, as and for the purposes described.

2. In a drawing and spinning frame, the combination of a pair of rolls, one of which is provided with a boss and is continuously rotated, and the other of which is turned by contact with the first, a breaker suspended or hung upon-the continuously-rotated roll by hooks or hangers arranged upon each side of the boss, having a gripping edge 24 which is held from contact at all times with the said boss and is adapted upon the breaking of the thread to be moved toward or against the upper or driven roll to clamp and hold the sliver or roving against it, and one or more pairs of drawing-rolls beyond the first-named pair, which act when the said roving or sliver is thus clamped to break or part it beyond the said gripping edge of the said breaker, as and for the purposes described.

3. In a drawing and spinning frame, the combination of a pair of rolls, one of which is continuously rotated and the other of which is turned by contact with the first, with a breaker comprising two hangers or hooks X, and a cross-plate having the edge 24, the hangers or hooks acting to suspend the breaker upon the continuously-rotated roll, to f nrnish narrow bearing-surfaces for the cross-plate; r

and to hold the cross-plate from contact with the continuously-rotated roll, means for holdin g and moving the said breaker as specified, and one or more pairs of drawing-rolls beyond the first-named pair, as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a drawing and spinning frame, the combination of a pair of rolls, one of which is continuously rotated and the otherof which is turned by contact with the first, a threadguide lever, a movable breaker suspended on one of said rolls, held from action by the thread, having a gripping edge which is held from contact at all times with the drivingroll and adapted upon the breaking of the thread to be moved toward or against the driven roll to clamp or hold the sliveror roving against it, an extension from said breaker in the nature of a depending arm or lever, an adjustable connection between said arm or lever, and the thread-guide lever, and one or more pairs of drawing-rolls beyond the firstnamed pair, as and for the purposes set forth.

The combination in a drawing-frame of the roll 0, the breaker suspended thereon, the thread-guide lever, its end .35, the weight 523 and the hanger or holder both adjustable on said end 25, and means connecting said hangerorholder with the breaker, as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a drawing and spinning frame,a movable shield having a gripping-surface, a pair of hangers, one at each end of said grippingsurface for suspending the shield upon one of a pair of drawing-rolls, the said hangers extending along the outer edges of the shield to reinforce and strengthen the same and also serving to hold the gripping edge from contact with the driving-roll of the pair.

7. A breaking tongue or shield for a spinning and drawing frame comprising the wire frame X bent to form a loop and also attaching-hooks, and a piece of sheet metal X attached to said wire frame and having the operating edge 2t.

8. In a drawing and spinning frame, the combination of a pair of drawing-rolls, one of which is continuously rotated and the other of which is turned by contact with the first, a movable shield supported or carried upon one of said rolls having a gripping edge adapted upon the breaking of the thread,to be moved toward or against the driven roll and also having a suspended loop with a threadguide lever operated as specified, and a connection between the thread-guide lever and shield-loop comprising a link having at one end a hook to engage the loop and at the other end by an adjustable supporting hanger or nut mounted upon the thread-guide lever.

J. In a spinning and drawing frame a device for governing the lowest position of the thread-guide in relation to the spindle, comprisingametalshelf havingadepression from its upper surface to receive, guide and hold the forward end of the thread-guide lever and having the dtiwnward-extending cars at its rear by which it is attached to and adjusted upon the front face of the rollerbeam or other support.

10. In a spinning and drawing frame the bracket-shelf having the thread-lever registering-guide and the downward-extending rear ears having slots 31 and fastening-screws do which extend through said slots.

11. In a spinning and drawing frame the bracket-shelf havinga thread-lever registering-guide fastened to the front face of the rollerbeant in a manner to bring the upper surface of said shelf in line with or slightly below the upper surface of said roller-beam.

12. In a spinning and drawing frame a bracket-shelf L attached to the roller-beam having a registering device in itsupper surface and a slot or hole through which the thread-guide lever extends.

13. In a spinning and drawing frame the guide shelf or bracket L having a depressed registering-seat for the thread-guide lever and downwardly-extending ears at the rear end having adjusting-slots provided with downwardly-extending openings which are adapted to be connected with previouslyplaced locking-screws in the roller-beam or other support, as and for the purposes set forth.

Ll. In a spinning and drawing frame, the combination of a turning rod or shaft, threadguide-lever depressor-dogs each comprising a wire bent to form a lower end or bar to engage the thread-guide lever,parallel sides and curved upper ends to clamp upon the rod or shaft, and the thread-guide levers.

15. In a spinning and drawing frame, the combination of the depressor-dogs P having grasping ends to extend about the shaft 0 as specified, and adapted upon the turning of the shaft and the contact of the dog with the levers II to be tightened upon said shaft and the said levers II, as and for the purposes described.

16. 'lhecombination in a spinning and drawing frame of the drawing-rolls, a roving or sliver breaker, a movable thread-guide lever connected therewith, a latch carried by said lever and held in engagement with a catch by the tension of the thread when the thread-guide is in normal operative relation with the bobbin and which latch is automatically released upon the removal of said tension, and means for lifting the threadguide and operating the breaker upon the release of said latch.

17. The combination of the thread-guide lever adapted to be moved upward, a latch carried by said thread-guide lever adapted to hold the thread-guide lever depressed and in operative relation to the bobbin, the said latch being actuated by the tension of the thread and the release of said tension, as and for the purposes set forth.

18. The combination in a drawing and spi nning frame of the thread-guide lever, a thread-guide supported by said thread-guide lever and movable lengthwise it, the inner end of which forms alatch, a stationary catch with which said latch is adapted to engage, and with which it is held by the tension of the thread which passes through the eye, and a spring for disengaging the latch from the catch.

19. The combination in a spinning and drawing frame of the breaker, the breakerle'ver, a movable thread guide mounted on said breaker-lever, a latch adapted to be actuated by said thread-guide, a spring to act against the said latch to move it outward, a

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catch with which said latch is adapted to engage and a casing inclosing and protecting the spring and connecting the l)rcakcr-l(, vcr and thrcml-guidc.

20. In a spinhing-machine the combination with H10 drmving-rolls of hooks supported on one of said rolls, a roving-stop normally suppm'lcd by said hooks out. of contact will! said supportingq'oll and means l'oropm'atingsnhl stop.

JAMES P. 'JOLMAN. HENRY l). MARTIN.

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