US606425A

US606425A - Governor for explosive-engines

Info

Publication number: US606425A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 1915-06-28

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet l. H. P. MAXIM.

GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES. No. 606,425. Patented June 28,1898.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

- H. P. MAXIM.

GOVERNOR FOR EXPLGSIVE ENGINES.

No. 606,425. Patented June 28,1898.

JV/imam. ammo u No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

HP MAXIM. GOVERNOR FOR BXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

No 6 )6,425.. Patented Ju e 28, 1898.

W/ibvws/am, J vw/z/wbo u (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheetv 4.

H. P. MAXIM. GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

No 606,426. Patented June 28,1898.

l'lE k POPE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE MAINE.

AND PORTLAND,

GOVERNOR FOR EXPLOSlVEF-ENGINES.

SBECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 606,425, dated June 28, 1898. Application filed February 2'7; 1:897. erial No. 625,315. (No model.)

To all whom it may conccrn: 7

Be it known that I, HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, a citizen of the United States, residing inthe City and county of Hartford, State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Explosive- Engines, &c. of which the followingis a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

This invention relates in general to explosive-engines of that class in which the fluid which forms the basis of the explosive mixture is fed to the explosion-chamber of the engine in proper quantity for each successive charge, and more especially to the means for supplying the fluid'andfor regulating the supply with the ultimate object of regulating the speed and power of the engine. 7

The object of the invention is to improve such means, in the first place, so that such regulation shall be thoroughly automatic and highly efficient, the governor mechanism respending quickly to variations in the load and speed of the engine, and, in the second place, so that the governor mechanism shall i be under the complete control of the opera tor or engineer at all times, whereby suchva riations of speed as may be. desired can be produced quickly and easily. I have also sought to simplify the governor mechanism as much as possible. i

In accordance with my invention I have so constructed and arranged the pump by which the fluid is fed to the explosion-chamber and the prime actuator by which the pump is ac-' tuated and which is itself driven by the engine and partakes of any variations of speed of the engine that if the speed of the engine, and consequently that of the actuator, increases materially the pump shall lag behind in its action and thenext charge of fluid delivered to the explosion-chamber be correspondingly reduced. To this end I prefer to introduce between the actuator and the pump a transmitter which is made sluggish in its movement in one direction by its, own inertia or by the addition thereto of a retard ing device. Such transmitter, moreover, conveniently can be made subject to the control of the engineer or operator for the purpose of effecting'desired changes in the speed of the engine.

I will describe the nature of my invention shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view on the planeindicated by the dotted line 3 3 of Fig. 1, connections by which the main actuator is driven from the en gine-shaft being also represented. Fig. 4c is a view similar to Fig. 1, but illustrating a different embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 is a view,

partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section, illustrating the application of one form of myinvention to an explosive-engine.

In the several figures of the drawings the j pumpby which the fluid is fed to the explosion chamber or cylinder A of the engine in rear of the piston A is represented as formed in and supported by the upright or standard A, erected upon a bed-plate or base A. The plunger B of the pump is represented as reciprocating horizontally in a cylinder B,

1 which communicates with the valve cylinder Suitable check-valves b and' or chamber B 12 are placed in the latter to insure the forward movement of the fluid, and the supplypipe 0 and delivery-pipe C are represented as connected. to the valve cylinder or chamber. The main actuator D is shown as a cam of proper configuration, which may be driven by a shaft d and gears d cl from the main engine-shaft D; but it will be obvious that it might be driven by any other convenient means. As a means of transmitting power from the main actuator D to the plun- -ger B, I have shown a lever E, to which the plunger Bis connected, and which itself may bear upon the actuator I) through the me dium of a roller 6. A spring-F is applied to the transmitter E in such a manner as to cause the latter to bear normally against the periphery of the actuator or cam D throughout its entire rotation, and in Fig. 1 the Fig. 2 is a plan view of the parts when the speed of the movement of the actupasses, so that by rotation of said crank the F be regulated by the adj iistiiigscrewfalone.

spring is shown as connected to the trans-} mitter by an adjusting-screw f, so that the tension of the spring can be varied, a checknut f being applied to the screwf to retain it in adjusted position. A stop-screw e and check-nut a may be provided to limit the throw of the lever E, and consequently the throw of the plunger B, in one direction, if desired. It will be obvious that the transmitter or lever E is moved in one direction by the prime actuator or cam D and in the other direction by the spring F, the quickness of the return movement of the transmitter or leverbeing dependent, primarily, upon the tension of the spring F. In order, however, that the return movement of the transmitter may be somewhat sluggish, I may give to the transmitter such mass that its own inertia may be relied upon to secure the sluggish return movement. It will now be evident that if the tension of the spring F is so adjusted that the transmitter or lever E will remain in contact with the periphery of the actuator or cam D throughout its revolution while said actuator is being driven at normal speed the inertia of the transmitter and the consequent sluggishness of its return movement will permit the cam or actuator to make a partial revolution after its highest point has passed the roller e and before such roller again strikes the periphery of the cam ator increases above the normal, whereby the inward movement of the plunger will be shortened and the quantity of fluid fed to the explosion-chamber of the engine will be correspondingly reduced.

As a convenient means for placing the governor mechanism under the control of the engineer or operator I have represented in the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the spring F as connected to one end of a rocking lever G, the other end of which is connected to a controlling-shaft G. The latter is provided with a screw-threaded portion g, to which is applied a crank-handle G having its hub threaded and bearing upon a plate 9 through which said controlling-shaft tension of the spring F can be varied at will. The rocking lever G may be provided with a stop 9, so that the controlling shaft or rod G may be detached and the tension of the spring In Fig. 4 I have represented a construction which in general is similar to that shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, but in which a retarding device is applied to the transmitter E to delay or render sluggish its return movement when the highest point of the actuatoror cam D has left it. As there shown,such retarding device consists of a dash-pot II, the plunger II of which is connected to the transmitter E. The valve h of the dash-pot is adapted to be actuated by a shaft or rod G under control of the operator to vary the cushion of the dash-pot in a manner well understood. A

spring F is applied to the transmitterto i11- sure its contact with the actuator while the latter moves at a normal speed. The operation of this form of the device will be readily understood without further explanation.

I claim as my invention- 1. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, piston and moving parts operated thereby,a pump to deliver fluid to said cylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with a definite stroke and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction, independent means to return the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction and other devices to retard the return movement of the plunger, whereby the extent of return of the plunger is automatically varied.

2. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, a piston and moving parts operated thereby,a pump to deliver fluid to said -cylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with adefinite stroke and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction, a spring to return the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction and other devices to retard the return movement, whereby as the speed of the actuator is accelerated it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

3. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, a piston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid to said cylinder, a cam having a relatively quick drop, operated with the engine with a definite stroke and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction, means to return the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction, and other devices to retard the return movement, whereby as the speed of the cam is accelerated, it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the retu rn movement of the latter.

4. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, a piston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid to said cylinder, a cam having a relati vely quick drop rotated with the engine and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction, a spring to return the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction, and other devices to retard the return movement,

whereby as the speed of the cam is accelerated, it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

5. A feeding and governing mechanism for explosive-engines, &c., comprising a pump, an actuator operated with the engine with a definite stroke and moving the plunger of the pump in one direction,independent means to return the plunger of the pump in the op posite direction, and a dash-pot in operative relation with said plunger to retard its return movement whereby as the speed of the actuator is accelerated, it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

6. In an explosive-engine, the combination of a working cylinder, piston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid to said cylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with a definite stroke, a lever connected to the plunger of the pump and operated by said actuator in one direction, and other devices to retard the return movement of the lever and the plunger, whereby as the speed of the actuator is accelerated, it runs ahead of the plunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

7. In an explosive-engine, the combination .of a working cylinder, a piston and moving parts operated thereby, a pump to deliver fluid to said cylinder, an actuator operated with the engine with a definite stroke, a lever connected to the plunger of the pump and ing against said cam to be actuated thereby in one direction, and other means to retard the return movement of the lever and the plunger, whereby as the speed of the cam is accelerated, it runs ahead of 'the plunger and checks the return movement of the latter.

9. A feeding and governing mechanism for explosive-engines, &c., comprising a pump, a cam actuated with the engine with a defiuite stroke, a lever connected to the plunger of the pump and normally bearing against said cam to be actuated thereby in one direction, and a dash-pot to retard the return movement of the lever and the plunger.

10. A feeding and governing mechanism for explosive engines, 850., comprising a pump, an actuator operated with the engine with a definite stroke and moving the plunger ofthe pump in one direction, independent means to return the plunger of the pump in the opposite direction, a dash-pot in operative relation with said plunger, and means to vary the action of the dash-pot.

This specification sign ed and witnessed this 25th day of February, A. D. 1897.

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM. In presence of p H. M. Porn,

HERMANN F. CUNTZ.