US604345A

US604345A - Harrow

Info

Publication number: US604345A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 1915-05-17

Description

3 Sheets-Sheet 1, H. WIARD 8v H.` M'. BURDICK.

(No Model.)

HARROW.

Patented May 17, 1898.

ma nofws paens cn, PHoToLITNo., WASHINGTON me.

(No Model.)

' 4 .y 3 s heets-Sheet 2. I-I. WIARD & H. M. B'URDIGK.

' HARROW.

Patented May- 17, 1898.

WITNESSES (No Model.) 3 Sheets-'Sheet-S.

H. WIARD su H. M. BURDIGK. HARROW.

No. 604,345. Pateted May 17,1898.

` ATTORNEY,

w: www; mins cc. Hom-umu. WASHINGTON. v

Nirnn STATES PATENT einen.

HARRY VIARD AND HIRAM M. BURDIOK, OF SYRAOUSE, NEWv YORK, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE NATIONAL HARRO\V COMPANY, OF UTIOA, NEW YORK.

HARROW.

SlIECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 604,345, dated May 17, 1898.

Application tiled December 26, 1893. Serial No. 494,628. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that we, HARRY IVIARD and HIRAM M. BURDIOK, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Harrows, of which the following,taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to improvements in harrows, and has for its obj ect the production of a harrow which is simple in construction, is composed of few parts, is easily assembled, is comparatively free from clogging, is provided with a minimum amount of wearingsurface and with teeth capable of a maximum degree of adjustment, and is strong, durable, and efficient in operation; and to this end it consists, essentially, in a frame comprising tooth-carrying bars and inner and outer draftbars having upwardly-inclining front ends, said outer draft-bars being arranged substantially parallel with each other and having their upwardly-extending ends inclined toward each other from apoint in proximity to the front tooth-carrying bar and having the front extremities of said inclined ends separated from the extremities of the inner draftbars.

It furthermore consists in the construction and arrangement of the inner draft-bars, the tooth-carrying bars, and the detail construction and arrangement of its component parts, all as hereinafter more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a top plan view of our improved invention, the rear extremities of the rear ron7 of teeth being broken away. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of our harrow, the teeth being illustrated with their lower ends depressed beneath the lower faces of the draft-bars. Figs. 3 and 4 are longitudinal vertical sectional views taken, respectively', on lines 8 3 and 4 4, Fig. 1, the teeth being shown at Fig. 3 as rocked forwardly with their engaging ends elevated above the lower faces of the draftbars; and Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are transverse vertical sectional views taken, respectively, on lines 5 5, 6 6, and 7 7, Fig. 2.

The frame consists of two sections hinged together at their adjacent edges and each consisting of inner and outer draft Vor runner bars A B, preferably formed angular in crosssection and having their front extremities separated from each other, an elevated crossbar O between said front extremities, and tooth-carrying bars D, supported by the draftbars. The front ends of the inner and outer draft or runner bars of the frame are preferably inclined upwardly, as shown at Figs. 2, 3, and 4, above the central portions of said bars and the rear ends of the outer draft-bars, and consequently the frame rides readily over stones, rough surfaces, and obstructions in its path, and there is practically no tendency of its front end to enter the earth during the operation of the harrow.

As best seen at Fig. l, the inner draft or runner bars A of the frame are arranged substantially parallel with the line of draft, but

are preferably inclined forwardly toward each other from their rear extremities, so that their front extremities are separated a less distance than their rear extremities, thereby reducing to a minimum the liability of brush, stones, and other articles entering between the sections of the harrow. Each inner draft-bar is preferably composed of a front section a of less length than the adjacent outer draft-bar, a rear section a', arranged opposite to and elevated above the corresponding portion of the outer draft-bar, and, an upright central arm a2, having its lower end bifurcated and secured at a3 a3 to the depressed rear end of the front section c, and its upper end formed with a groove a4 for receiving the front end of the rear section a', which is secured to the arm a2 at a5 a5.

The free ends of the inner draft or runner bars A are provided with upwardly-extending arms A', having their lower ends bifurcated and secured at asa to the inner draftbars, and having their upper ends formed with laterally-extending ears A2. One of the ears A2 is provided with a perforation orl journal-opening a7, and the other with a rearwardly-extending spindle or trunnion as, jour- IOO naled in said perforation, for hinging together the front ends of the barrow-frame sections.

The rear extremities of the rear sections of the inner draft or runner bars A are formed with laterally-extending ears A3, having their free ends lapped with each other and provided with perforations ai. A wearing-plate A4 is interposed betweenthe ears A3, and any suitable clamp, as a bolt d10, is passed through the perforations a9 of the ears A3, and said ears clamp and hinge together the rear ends of the harrow-frame sections.

It will be particularly noted that the hingepins for the sections of our improved harrowframe are considerably elevated above theV of draft, and their front ends l) are inclined towardeach other from a point in proximity to the front tooth-carrying bar D. This inclination of the front ends of the outer draftbars facilitates the passage to the outer sides of the harrow of stones, brush, and other articles engaged by its front end and greatly reduces liability of clogging of the harrow.

As previously stated, the front extremities' of the inner and outer draft or runner bars of each frame section are separated from each other, and these extremities are connected by front cross-bars C, arranged at substantially right angles with the line of draft and preferably formed of angular cross-section. Movable longitudinally on the crossbars C are attaching-arms C', to which is secured the ordinary draft-bar, (not illustrated,) connected to the traces of the horses or other animals attached to the harrow. i

As is well known to those skilled in the art, there is more or less liability when using a harrow of the central portion or the outer edges of its front end becoming elevated or depressed above or below their normal positions, thus decreasing the effectiveness of the harrow and increasing its draft. By arranging the front bars C at substantially right angles with the line of draft and mounting thereon attaching-arms longitudinally movable on said bars weentirely obviate all liability of undue elevation or depression of any portion of the harrow-frame, since the attaching-arms are easily adjusted toward and away from each other until the entire front end of the harrow is supported in its normal plane when in operation. y

The upperextremity of each of the attaching-arms C' is formed with a series of perforations c, arranged one above the other, for

receiving the pins or other attaching means for the draft-bar secured thereto, and the lower extremity of each of said arms is formed with bearing-faces c' c2, arranged at an angle with each other, for bearing against correspending faces of the front bar O, provided therewith. Beneath the portions of the front bars C engaged with the attaching-arms C' are suitable clamping-plates c3, and passed through the lower ends of said attaching-arms and the plates c3 are suitable clamps c4, which firmly secure the attaching-arms in their adj usted position.

The tooth-carrying bars D of each framesection are preferably formed of channel-iron and are arranged one in advance of the other in planes at substantially right angles with the line of draft with their channeled faces lowermost, and these bars are provided with teeth E, arranged in lengthwise planes out of alinement with each other and are preferably formed of spring material and of suitable shape, as the ordinary C shape commonly used. The front tooth-carryin g bar D of each section is formed with an elevated central portion d, having tooth-supporting surfaces to which the attaching ends of the front teeth are secured and are provided with depending arms d', arranged at their extremities and hinged at d2 to the arms A' previously described, and to arms B', extending upwardly above the outer frame-bars B and having their lower ends bifurcated and secured at b' b' to the inclined front ends of said outer framebars.

The intermediary tooth-carrying bars D are formed with elevated central portions d, arranged in substantially the same horizontal plane as the similar portions of the front tooth-carrying bars and having supportingsurfaces for the intermediary teeth. Said intermediary bars D are provided with depending arms d', arranged at their extremities and hinged at d2 to the central portions of the upright arms a2 of the inner draft-bars A and to upright arms B', secured at Z2' b' to the central portions of the outer draft-bars B and preferably formed of 'substantially the same construction as the arms B' previously described. The rear tooth-carrying bars D are also provided with elevated central portions d, arranged in substantially the same horizontal plane as the corresponding portions of the front and intermediary toothcarrying bars and having su pporting-surfaces for the teeth mounted thereon. Said rear bars D are provided with depending arms d', arranged at their extremities and hinged at cl2 to arms A5, depending from the rear elevated ends of the inner draft-bars previously described,and to arms B', secured at b' b' to the rear ends of the outer draft-bars B and formed of substantially the same construction as the arms B' previously described.

In order to pivot the tooth-carrying barsD to the draft-bars, the depending arms CZ' of said bars lD are provided with perforations or IOO IZO

journal-openings d3, and the arms A', a2, A5, and B for supporting the bars D are provided with laterallyprojecting nipples or trunnions d4 for entering the perforations d3. Suitable clamps, as bolts d5, are then passed through the nipples or trunnions'cl4 and effectively secure the bars D in operative position.

It will be particularly noted that the central portions of the tooth-carrying bars are considerably elevated above the upper faces of the depressed portions of the draft-bars, although said tooth-carryin g bars are beneath the hinge-pins for the frame-sections, and that the hinge-pins for the tooth-carrying bars are arranged considerably beneath the elevated central portions of said bars. This particular construction and arrangement of the toot-hcarrying bars and the draft-bars reduce to a minimum the liability of clogging of the frame and also permit of a maximum degree of adjustment of the digging extremities of the teeth with a minimum amount of movement of the tooth-carrying bars.

The attaching ends e of the teeth E are arranged beneath the channeled elevated central portions of the tooth-carrying bars D and are secured thereto by suitable fastening or clip plates e' and clamps e2. The fastening or clip plates e' are arranged beneath the attaching ends of the teeth E and are formed at their longitudinal edges with shoulders e3 e3 for engaging the longitudinal edges of the teeth E and are provided at their central portions With shoulders e4 for entering the channels ofthe tooth-carrying bars, and the clamps e2 are preferably passed through perforations in the tooth-carrying bars, the attaching ends of the teeth, and the clip-plates e'. This is a very simple and effective form of tooth-securing means, which permits of independent adjustment of each of the teeth.

XVe preferably connect the tooth-carrying bars of each harrow-section to a single adjusting means, presently described, and simultaneously adj ust or rock the tooth-carrying bars of each section; but it is evident that said adjusting means may be dispensed with and that the depressed ends of the tooth-carrying bars may be iixedly secured -to the draft-bars instead of being pivoted thereto, and that the only adjustment of the teeth may consist of the independent adjustment thereof permitted by the clip-plates and clamps for securing the same to the tooth-carrying bars. This adjusting means preferably consists of a link or connection F, hinged at f to upwardly-extending arms D', secured to the eentral portions of each of the toothcarrying bars and provided at its rear end with a toothed segment f' and a lever F', secured to the rear arm D' and provided with a dog F2, provided upon a head movable longitudinally on the lever F and arranged to engage the toothed segment f. A handpiece F3 is hinged to the upper end of the lever F' and is connected by a link F4 to the head carrying the dog F2, and

a spring F5, surrounding the lower end of the connection F4, forces the dog F2 to operative position. Y

The operation of our improved harrow will be readily perceived from the foregoing description and upon reference to the drawings, and it will be particularly noted that the same is simple in construction, is composed of a few parts, is easily assembled, is comparatively free from clogging, is provided with a minimum amount of wearing-surface and with teeth capable of a maximum degree of adjustment, and is strong, durable, and eicient in operation. that considerable change may be made in the detail construction and arrangement of the parts of our harrow without departing from the spirit of our invention, and consequently we do not herein limit ourselves to such exact detail construction and arrangement.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a harrow, the combination with teeth; of a frame comprising tooth-carrying bars arranged one in advance of the other, inner and outer draft-bars, said outer draft-bars extending forwardly beyond the front tooth-carrying bar being arranged substantially parallel with each other and having their front ends inclined forwardly toward each other from a point in proximity'to the front tooth-carrying bar and having the front extremities of said inclined ends separated from the front extremities of the inner draft-bars, and a front cross-bar connecting the front extremities of the draft-bars of a section and arranged substantially parallel with the toothcarrying bars, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. Ina harrow, the combination with teeth; of a frame comprising tooth-carrying bars arranged one in advance of the other, inner and outer draft-bars extending forwardly beyond the front tooth-carrying bar and having upwardly-inclined front ends, said outer draftbars being arranged substantially parallel with each other and having their upwardlyextending ends inclined forwardly toward each other from a point in proximity to the front tooth-carrying bar and having the front extremities of said inclined ends separated `from the front extremities of the inner draftbars, and anelevated front cross-bar connecting the front extremities of the draft-bars of a section and arranged substantially parallel with the tooth-carrying bars, substantial] y as and for the purpose described.

3. In a harrow, the combination of draftbars, a tooth-carrying bar having depending arms hinged to the draft-bars and provided with a tooth supporting surface elevated above the hinge-pin of said tooth-carrying bars, and a tooth secured to said supportingsurface, substantially as described.

4. In a harrow, the combination with springteeth; of a frame comprising inner and outer It is evident, however, Y

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5. Inaharrow,the combination with sprngteeth; of inner and outer draft-bars, arms: projecting upwardly above adjacent portions of said draft-bars and provided at their upper ends with laterally-projecting trunnions or spindles, and tooth-carryin g bars having projecting arms provided with journal-openings for receiving said trunnions or spindles, Subst antially as described.

bars, and tooth-carryin g bars having elevated tooth-supporting surfaces arranged beneath the hinge-pins of said sections and having depending arms secured to said draft-bars, substantially as specified.

7. In a harrow, the combination of draftbars and tooth-carrying bars having channeled under faces arranged above the adjacent portions of the draft-bars, spring-teeth having their attaching ends bearing against said faces of the tooth-carrying bars, fastening-plates arranged beneath said attaching ends above the adjacent portions of the draftbars and provided with shoulders for entering the channels of the tooth-carrying bars, and clamps for holding said fastening-plates in operative position, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. The following elements in combination in a harrow: parallel draft-bars having their front ends deflected upwardly formed in one piece; turnable tooth-bars having perforated angle bends at their ends, perforated brackets secured rigidly to the draft-bars with their free ends extending upwardly, and means for pivotally connecting the angle perforated ends of the tooth-bars and the free ends of the brackets, and means for operating the turnable tooth-bars, s ubstantially as set forth.

9. The following elements in combination in a harrow: draft-bars parallel in portions of their length, tooth-supporting bars at an angle to the line of draft having perforated angle bends at their ends; upwardly-extending brackets rigidly secured to the draft-bars provided with inwardly-extending perforated trunnions to receive the perforated ends of the tooth-bars, means for securing the ends of the tooth-bars and the free end of the bracket together, and mechanism for operating the tu rnable tooth bars, substantially as set forth.

10. In a turnable tooth-bar harrow the combination therewith of the bracket having a perforated journal extending from its side, a perforated turnable bar mounted to turn on the journal, and mechanism for securing the parts together, substantially as set forth.

l1. In a sectional turnable tooth-bar harrow, the combination therewith of an outer and a short inner draft-bar, parallel in portions of their length, a supplementary bar i supported at its front end in an elevated plane above the short bar and at its rear end by a depending support extending into engagement with the soil, substantially as set forth.

12. In a sectional tooth-bar harrow,the com- S bination therewith of an outer draft-barand 6. In a harrow, the combination of spring- 1 teeth; with the opposite sections of a frame l hinged together and each consisting of drafta short inner draft-bar parallel in portions of their length, a supplementary short bar supported at its front in an elevated plane above the short draft-bar and at its rear end by a depending support extending into engagement with the soil and the depending support provided with means for supporting and carrying one end of one of the rocking tooth-bars, substantially as set forth.

13. In a harrow of the character described, the combination of the clips provided with projecting journals to receive and support the turnable tooth-bars in a different plane from the plane of the runners, and the turnable tooth-bars supported by the projecting journals in a different horizontal plane from the runners, substantially as set forth.

14. In a sectional harrow, the combination of the following elements: an outside runner and an inside short runner in each section, two elevated short supplemental sections supported in a plane above the plane of the short runners of the barrow-sections, intermediate supports between the rear ends of the short runners and the front ends of the elevated supplemental sections, and a supportinghinge between the rear ends of the elevated supplemental sections, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto signed our names, in the presence of two attesting witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 22d day of December, 1893.

HARRY VVIARD. HIRAM M. BURDICK. Witnesses:

W. W. WIARD, L. B. THURLow.

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