US601314A

US601314A - Method of and apparatus for cement-coating and packing nails

Info

Publication number: US601314A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1898-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 1915-03-29

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets--Sheet 1 I. COPELAND.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CEMENT GOATIN'G- AND PACKING NAILS.

No..601,31.4. Pat ted Mar. 29,1898.

IHIIW W not Noam: PETERS 00 PHqm-u'mo" wnsmmnom n. c.

. (No Model.) I. COPELAND.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CEMENT COATING AND PACKING NAILS.

N0. 601,314. Patented Mar. 29, 1898.

3 Sheets-Sheet (No Model.)

' .METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GEMENT COATING AND PA GKING NAILS.

Patented Mar. 29, 1898.

WI'I" SE5:

UNI-TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IRAZOOPELAND, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD OFAND APPARATUS FOR CEMENT-COATING AND PACKING NAILS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.'601,314=, dated March 1898- Application filed July 19, 18 97.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, IRA COPELAND, of N ewton, in the county of Middlesex and'State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Method of and Apparatus forOement-Ooating and Packing Nails,

Figure 1 is a view in plan showing my apparatus, a part being represented as broken out to show a portion ofthe interior of the oven. Fig. 2is a form elevationof my apparatus. Fig. 3 is a'vertical section taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is aplan showing device for settling the nails as they are deposited in the keg.

Heretofore the'method' generally adoptedto coat nails such as are described in said patent has been as follows: The nails have been thrown into a barrel or retort soplaced horizontally in a'furnace that one end projected outside the furnace-wall for convenience in charging and discharging its contents; A

quantity of nailssay a keg or one hundred pounds -is placed in the retort and the req uisite quantity of cement in a somewhat comminuted form thrown upon them. Then the retort would be closed and power appliedto revolve the retort until the nails were sufficiently heated to melt and distribute the ocment and secure a firm adhesion of the same to the nails.- In this way from three to six charges per'hour, according to the intensity of heat employed, could be coated; but the more intense the heat employed the greaterthe danger of burning the cement while the retort is motionless during the process of discharging and charging, thus creating a debris, practically a foreign substance, which must'necessarily be mixed with the nails, rendering their surface rough and unsightly and tending to interfere with their ready feeding door A andfuel-door A D is located in relation to the fire-box, as

serial No. 645,161. (No model.)

into automatic nailingmachines; also, in packing the hot coated nails in' kegs it has been necessary to place them in a keg a portion at a time, shaking them by manual power as each portion is added in order to get them into a keg of the usual size, owing to the less mobility of thecoated nails as compared with the uncoated nails.

My invention consists in avoiding the danger of burning the cement employed, thus utilizing the whole of it and at the same time producing a more perfect surface on the nail. This end is accomplished by employing two distinct chambers instead. of one, as heretofore. One is a hot-air chamber or oven in which the nails are brought to a proper temperature and from which they are removed to the second chamber, wherein the requisite cement is thrown upon them and by agitation or tumbling is uniformly distributed. Experience teaches that this second chamber need not be closed- The heat of the nails is sufficient to quickly melt the cement and to warm the chamber itself, which should be of metal to secure the best results. Ninety seconds is sufficient time to accomplish the work of the second chamber so far as relates to the mere coating of the nails, also in facilitating and expediting the packing of the nails in kegs. The cylindrical chamber or drum K is kept in continuous motion around its longitudinal axis. 7 By gradually tilting this axis by means of the herein-described device the nails are gradually thrown from it into the chute, which conducts'them into the keg. The keg, resting upon its platform,' is given two distinct motions by means of the hereinafter-described device, which effectually settle the the nails compactly within the keg, so that when chamber No. 2 is emptied the keg is ready to be headed. This operation of discharging chamber No. 2 and packing the keg I will now describe the apparatus by which the nails are cement-coated in accordance with my improved method. In the drawings, A A represent the furnace in general. The fire-box A is provided with a grate, an ash- The heating-oven shown in Fig. 3-that is, a part is immediately above the fire-box, but it also extends rearward toward the flue F and pipe F.

The oven D is circular in plan, as shown in Fig. 1, and has a vertical shaft E passing through its center. The shaft E has a hub E, from which radiate arms E E, which together form a rotating table adapted to hold the portable boxes N N The shaft E has at its upper end a disk E from which a series of pins E E extend. (See Fig. A lever E is loosely connected to the shaft E and serves as a hand-bar for turning the shaft, thus causing the radial arms E E to traverse and carry the nail-boxes N N around the interior of the oven and alternately over the fire-box, thus subjecting all of them to the same amount of heat. The oven-door D is inclined, as shown in Fig. 3, so that it will rest against the opening. This door is raised by a cord or chain D which passes over pulleys D and D and has at its end a balanceweight D.

A hearth C is situated, as shown, about on a level with the ledge C just inside of the oven-door D, also about on a level with the radial arms E E. The hearth O is for convenience in handling the nail-boxes N N in passing them in and taking them from the oven. The raised floor or platform 13 serves as a standing-place for the operator.

For the purpose of heating the nails are placed in the boxes N N which hold a keg each, and after being placed in the oven and heated the boxes containing them are drawn out one at a time, then pushed along the hearth C (see N to the chute O, and, still hot, are emptied into the hopper H, then to the rotating drum K.

The rotating drum K, mounted on a shaft K, is hung in a swinging yoke L L L which swings on the journal L and shaft L and is rotated by means of a gear K which is attached to it. The gear K is driven by the gear K which in turn is operated by the shaft L", which has upon it fast and loose pulleys L L. The drum K, being mounted upon a pivoted yoke, is free to swing on an axis at right angles toits length. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) It is counterbalanced by a weight R attached by a rope R, which passes over the pulleys R and R The normal working position of the drum K is represented by full lines. The dotted lines represent it as partly tipped while being emptied of its contents. A chute C serves to divert the nails into the keg C In discharging the contents of the drum K it is gradually tipped by drawing on the rope R, so that the nails will gradually drop into the keg and be shaken down thoroughly.

A mechanism for settling the nails in the keg is partly shown in elevation in Fig. 2 and in plan in Fig. 4. This consists of an oscillating platform S, mounted upon a central pivot S and casters S S which as they roll over the fixed projections S S cause the plat forms to jostle violently. This motion, to-

gether with the oscillating motion, causes the nails to readily settle into the keg. The oscillating motion is given to the platform S by the crank-pin T on the rotating disk T, which operates through the link T lever T T", pivoted at T, and the link T. A swinging block V, pivoted at V, serves, when in the position indicated by full lines, to prevent the keg from being jostled off from the oscillating table S. This block V may be turned away, as indicated by dotted lines, by withdrawing the pin V in which case the keg may be removed and another one put in its place.

The working of my apparatus may be set forth as follows: The nails to be treated are placed in boxes, a keg or other desired quantity in each box. Then the boxes are successively placed upon the radial arms E E in the oven, as indicated by N N Fig. 1, and are made to traverse over the fire-box and about the center of the oven until the first one so placed has become sufiiciently heated and another one put in its place. As soon as the box of hot nails is withdrawn from the oven it is pushed along the hearth O to the position indicated by N Fig. 1, and its contents discharged through the chutes C and II into the rotating drum K. As soon as the nails are deposited in the rotating drum the required amount of cement in a comminuted condition is thrown in and is thoroughly distributed over the surface of the hot nails as they roll over and commingle with each other in the rotating drum. \Vhen sufficiently treated, the nails are made to fall into the keg on the oscillating platform S by gradually tipping the still rotating drum.

My method, although independent of any particular apparatus, can be put in practice by the above-described mechanism and may be set forth as follows:

The nails to be treated are placed in suitable receptacles and heated to the required degree. Then while hot they are removed from the receptacle and deposited with the required amount of cement into an agitator, the cement being melted by the heat of the nails, about which it flows and adheres in a most perfect manner. This method is much superior to the old method, as it insures a thorough and even coating and avoids danger of overheating and is cheaper in execution.

Experience teaches that the oven may be easily kept at a temperature of 400 to 450 Fahrenheit, in which case nails sufficiently hot may be removed therefrom at the rate of fifteen kegs per hour.

I claim 1. In an apparatus for cement-coating nails, a furnace and oven heated by said furnace, means for causing boxes of nails to traverse said oven whereby they may become evenly heated, chutes, a hearth connecting said oven with said chutes, a rotating drum for receiving the hot nails from the chutes, and adapted IIO to mingle said nails with a cement and to cause a distribution of said cement evenly over the nails, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an apparatus for cement-coating nails,

an oven for containing nails to be heated in said oven, a rotating drum for receiving'said nails While hot and for receiving cement for coating them, and mechanism-for tilting said drum While in motion, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 3. In an apparatus for coating nails with 1 cement, an oscillating platform provided with casters and adapted to hold a nail-keg, projections extending upward from a fixed base in the path of said casters for jolting the platform, and mechanism for giving to said platform an oscillating motion, as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A method of coating nails with cement,

consisting of the following steps: first, heating the nails to the proper temperature, independently of the cement; second, removing them from the heating device; third, adding to them While still hot, the requisite quantity of cement, which will be melted by the heat previously stored in the nails; and by agitation, distributing said cement equablyupon the nails Without danger of burning the cement, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of tWo subscribing witnesses, on this 17th day of July, A. D. 1897.

IRA COPELAND.

Witnesses:

FRANK G. PARKER,

WILLIAM EDsoN.