US600802A - Composition for extinguishing fires - Google Patents
Composition for extinguishing fires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US600802A US600802A US600802DA US600802A US 600802 A US600802 A US 600802A US 600802D A US600802D A US 600802DA US 600802 A US600802 A US 600802A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- extinguishing
- extinguishing fires
- fire
- carbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 8
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N Oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate dianion Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium carbonate Chemical compound N.N.OC(O)=O PRKQVKDSMLBJBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 200000000001 labour Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
- A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
Definitions
- This invention relates to an improved method of extinguishing fires and a composi-fi tion therefor.
- the amount of oleic acid employed may vary from ten to twenty-five per cent. of the volume of oil or benzin to be treated.
- I may state that I have added to ten liters of benzin of medium density from two to two and one-half liters of oleic acid, and after intimately mixing the same have thrown onto this mixture the following solution: water, twenty liters; extinguishing compound, before described, three to four liters, with the result that in a few seconds a soft soap was produced which was absolutely uninfiammable.
- the within-described fire-extinguishing I compound consisting of a solution in water of borate and carbonate of soda,- caustic soda and ammonium carb'onateand chlorid.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Description
JEAN MARIE RAYMOND, OF PARIS, FRANCE, AssIeNoE 'ro FRANCIS eoRDoN BATES, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
COMPOSITION FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES.
sPEcIrIcArIoN forming as 'of Letters Patent no. 600,802, dated March 15, I898. Application filed August 11, 1896- Serial No. 602,432. specimens.)
To all whom it'may concern:
Be it known that I, JEAN MARIE RAYMOND, chemist, a citizen of the Republic of France, residin gin Paris,France,have invented an Im- 5 proved Composition for Extinguishing Fires, of which the following is a specification.
This invention relates to an improved method of extinguishing fires and a composi-fi tion therefor. IO To find the first recorded discovery concerning fireproof substances and fire-extinguishers it is necessary to revert to Gay-Lussac, who, in 1821, revealed the results of his studies relative to rendering objects uninflammable.
the following is of great importance: The combustible gases disengaged by the heat should be mixed in a s'ufiicientl'y strong pro portion with other gases not easily combustible,'so as to render the former no longer inflammable. This is the principle which has been followed by those who since that date have invented or discovered liquid chemical preparations which are thrown on a fire for 2 5 the purpose of extinguishing it. Almost all have decided on the use of volatile incon1- Hitherto solutions of ammoniacal salts of the'o'ne part and bicarbonateoisoda, com:
0 bined with sulfuric acid, tartaric acid, &c., of the other part are the only ones which have afiorded good results, nitrogen and carbonicacid gas being recognized as the gases most powerful against fire.
\Vithout wishing to dilate more fully upon or to criticise the various other preparations for extinguishing fire,'I will point out the incentives and the results of my personal labors.
I have .had experience with an apparatus which allows mixing and throwing in any Among certain other features proportionate quantity any liquid with water under pressure,(forming the subject of United States Patent No. 5i7,7 25, dated October 8, 1895,) and being certain of the effective working of this apparatus I consider that the preparation of a powerful extinguisher which could be thrown with water would render sig nal service in combatting flames, while at the same timeincreasing the extinctive power of the water, and I have carefully carried out experiments proving the theories which I have established.
Like my predecessors I have considered that I ought to use ammoniacal products; but my choice is more particularly fixed upon two of these salts-amm onium carbonate and ammonium chlorid, which appear to me -to be the most ellic'aciousf "To these I add ahhy drous sodium carbonate and borate of soda. By mixing these substances in 'diderent proportions, which I have long studied, and by' means of special operations I obtain a solution of great extinguishing power. Used as a ten-per-cent. solution-4). 6., ton parts with ninety parts of watermy solution is very effective and rapidly extinguishes fire. How ever, I wish to go farther, and giving my attention to means for obtaining the immediate extinction of burning light oils and benzins, which has hitherto been impossible in a way other than by the almost impracticable method of sufiocating the flame by sand,earth, &c., and for'insuring the uninflammability of these oils after their extinction, I have come to the conclusion that the best course to follow'to attain these ends is the employment of a composition hereinafter described and claimed .and in the manner defined. After'repeated and numerous trials-*I-have' decided on the instantaneous saponification of these substances, the result of this saponi-- fication insuring the extinction of the oils and their subsequent uninfiammability. The solutionof the problem was not easy, the alkalies not directly 'saponifying the oils. For 5 I this purpose I in the' first place determined to use caustic soda'. Afterward I worked to 1 make the essences saponifiable by mixing them with a substance' possessing thisfpropj erty, so that I might obtain in some 'degree 'x'oo -fatty substances and heavy oils, in which ,guisher, (solution being cent. strength,) in fifteen seconds.
- tinguished.
their subarquent saponification. The substance wliiv h has given me the best results is oleic acid, which is first" thrown on the infiamed oi], mingles with it, and renders it capable ofj immediate saponification by the throwing on of a mixture-of the above extinguisher with water. Nevertheless I reserve the righ-t'toi use other substances, such as oleic acid predominates.
I have ascertained the following from actual experiment: Four liters of benzin or four liters of mineral oil have been poured by halves into two cement vessels or containers and lighted at the same moment. The combustion of the liquid in one-receptacle lasted fully ten minutes, giving forth smoky flames of considerable height. The total extinction of the liquid in the other receptacle was caused by my process, using the before-mentioned patented apparatus and my extinof a thirty-five-per- I afterward tried in vain to relight the liquid so ex- It was entirely'uninfiammable. This interesting result has determined me to publish my process and as a preliminary to protect my invention by this application for patent.
The following is the formula which I generally use, the quantities being slightly variable: water,one thousand parts; borate of soda, forty to sixty; carbonate of soda, (anhydrous) eighty to one hundred and twenty;' caustic soda, one hundred and fifty to two hundred; ammonium carbonate, seventy-five to one hundred; ammonium chlorid, two hundred to two hundred and eighty; oleic acid, in any desired quantity, according to the danger which is to be guarded against or the ;i1n-
portance or the nature of the fire to be overcome.
' The amount of oleic acid employed may vary from ten to twenty-five per cent. of the volume of oil or benzin to be treated.
As an instance of an effective embodiment of my invention I may state that I have added to ten liters of benzin of medium density from two to two and one-half liters of oleic acid, and after intimately mixing the same have thrown onto this mixture the following solution: water, twenty liters; extinguishing compound, before described, three to four liters, with the result that in a few seconds a soft soap was produced which was absolutely uninfiammable.
It appears that benzin, petroleum, or de' rived essences form in the oleic acid added to them a product capable of undergoing saponification, whereas without'this addition they are not capable of being saponified.
Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The within-described fire-extinguishing compound, the same consisting of a solution in water of borate and carbonate of soda, and chlorid and carbonate of ammonium.
2. The within-described fire-extinguishing I compound, the same consisting of a solution in water of borate and carbonate of soda,- caustic soda and ammonium carb'onateand chlorid.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
JEAN MARIE RAYMOND.
lVitnesses:
LEON FRANOKEN,
EDWARD P. MA LEAN.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US600802A true US600802A (en) | 1898-03-15 |
Family
ID=2669439
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US600802D Expired - Lifetime US600802A (en) | Composition for extinguishing fires |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US600802A (en) |
-
0
- US US600802D patent/US600802A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5053147A (en) | Methods and compositions for extinguishing fires | |
| CN105688361A (en) | Fire extinguishing agent for fire of Class B | |
| JP2013541361A (en) | Fire extinguishing composition producing extinguishing substance by high temperature sublimation | |
| US600802A (en) | Composition for extinguishing fires | |
| JP2001314525A (en) | Fire extinguishing chemical | |
| US2514310A (en) | Composition for producing fire extinguishing foams and method | |
| US2881138A (en) | Dry powder fire extinguishing medium | |
| US191306A (en) | Improvement in fire-extinguishing compounds | |
| Tuve et al. | A new vapor-securing agent for flammable-liquid fire extinguishment | |
| US431985A (en) | Fire-extinguishing compound | |
| US1848568A (en) | Gttstave klinxenstecn | |
| US1421428A (en) | Fire-extinguishing solution | |
| JPS6019257B2 (en) | extinguishing agent | |
| RU2670297C2 (en) | Composition for producing combined gas-powder of fire-extinguishing composition | |
| US984853A (en) | Fire-extinguishing composition. | |
| US502867A (en) | Fireproofing compound | |
| US1771151A (en) | Process for extinguishing fires | |
| US4923621A (en) | Extinguishing combustible metal fires | |
| US182508A (en) | op new yobk | |
| US82582A (en) | Jambs f | |
| US199950A (en) | Improvement in fire-extinguishers | |
| US2063772A (en) | Fire extinguisher | |
| US790468A (en) | Process of fumigation. | |
| US1401240A (en) | Fire-extinguishing liquid | |
| RU2746013C1 (en) | Fire retardant composition for metal structures |