US60050A - Improved brick machine - Google Patents

Description

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. JOHN PEASE, OF BELMONT, NEWORK.`

Laminaat No.eo,o5o, .ma November 27, 186e.

i S.PEGIIE'IC.A.TION.

TO .ALL WHOM IT MAY GONGERN:

Be it known that I, .Toms W. PEASE, of Belmont, in the county of Allegheny, and State of New York, have invented certain-new and useful improvements in Machinery' for Making Bricks.; andI do hereby declare that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,'making a part of this specification, in Which- 'Figure 1, sheet 1, is an elevation of one .side of the machine.

Figure 2 is a top view. f

Figure 3sheet 2, is a longitudinal section, taken in a vertical plane through the centre of the machine.

Figure 4 `is a view in detail, showing the revolving pressure roller and'brick moulds for making press bricks.

Figure 5 is a perspectiveview of one of the brick moulds.

Similar letters of reference indicate. corresponding parts in the several-gures.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements on brick-making-machinery, which is designed for making common or hard-pressed bricks.

V The main object of my invention is to have anl endless chain of horizontal' mould-boxers; arranged so as to bemoved by drums, which are supported upon a suitable frame, and to provide these boxes with movable bottoms or followers, which are caused to discharge the bricks when the boxes `are movedbeneath the drums l and assume an inverted position, as will be hereinafter described. 1

Another object of my invention is to employ, in conjunction with an endless chain of mould-boxes," which move over drums, one or more pressure rollers, which are so arranged as to press the clay `into thel'boxes `as they successively `pass beneath auch rollers, and also to so construct thed boxes that the clay shallbe prevented from getting between them as they lpass around, as willbe hereinafter described. 4 l

To enable others skilled inthe art to make andhlse my invention, Iwill describe its construction and operation.

The frame upon which the brick-making machinery is mounted consists of ysr..l1orilrontal table, A, `which may .be made of any desirable length, according vto the number of mould-boxes which it may be desiredto employ. This table lis mounted upon standards, so as to leave suiicient space beneath it for `arranging an endless carrier, B, that receives the bricks as they fall from the mould-boxes, and conducts them away from the machine. Near the endsof the table A, and supported in suitable bearings appliedtothe longitudinal side-bars of this table, arefhorizontal transverse shafts, (l C,.to which are secured hexagonal drums, D'D, which 4consist of regular hexagonal heads connected together by bars, as shown in the drawings. These' drums are made in this manner for the purpose of allowing the follower stems of the mould-boxes tofpass around without obstruction, and also for the purpos'e of supporting and 'giving motion toan endless chainof `mould-boxes, in Vwhich the bricks'are formed and pressed. On one end of each drum-shaft a bevel spu'iwheel, a, i's keyed, outside of the frame A, which wheels engage with corresponding ones that arlefkeyed on `a longitudinal shaft, E. The driving power is applied to the drum-shaft C in any convenient manner, land the motion of said shaft is transmitted, by means of the gearing and the shaft E above-described, to the drumshaft C,vs`o that`both-oi` these drumshafts move with the same speed and in the same direction, indicated by the red arrows in figs. 1 and 3. The" ,rectangular mould-,boxes G are all made alike, and each boxl is provided with amovablc bottom, b, which has two studs or stems, c c, projecting from its lower side, and 'passing through holes made I through bars, d d, that aresecured to the lower edges offthe vertical 'sides oil'the box. The ends of the stems c c have -heads formed` on them, 'which prevent their follower, l, from dropping out of its box when the latter isinvertcd, but which allow said follower to drop down to the position shown in iig'. 3. Each mould-box, Gr,.l1as two offsets, gg,`formed on its ends, the ends of which project 'beyond the sides of the box, andare perforated and otherwise adapted to form connecting linksi'or forming connections with corresponding links on-.the other boxes which make up ,the endless'chain, as shown in the drawings. This endless chain of mould-boxes is applied over the drums DD, so as to'be moved'by them in one direction. The mould-boxes G'are-supported, when in an upright position for receiving the clay, by means of two parallel ways J, which are supported upon the top of the VtableA in a horizontal plane, and upon which the o'sets g g bear during the filling and pressing operation. When? the boxes G pass beneath the table A fordischarging the bricks upon the endless carrier B, they are `supported by their oii'sets g ,q upon the'horizontalbars or ways J', which project from the standards of the table and prevent the boxes, or chain of boxes, fromfsagging. Theselower supporting bars J resist the `pressure which is applied i tothe followers for discharging the bricks by an inclined plate, K, which is secured beneath the. table B, as

shown in iigs. 1 and 3. When the boxes G are brought above the table B in upright positions, and receive the clay in them, their followers are forced down, as shown in g. 3.V 'As the boxes move along beneath-the inclined plate K, the follower stems c c are brought in contact with said plate, which will .gradually force vthe bricks out of their boxes upon the endless carrier B, so that ,the boxes rise above the table empty. After the mouldboxes receive the clay on top-oi,` the table A, they successively pass beneath two cylinders, L and yN, which are supported above the table A by means of standards 71. c. The small roller Lis used for levelling the surface of the clay in the boxes and iillingfup spaces therein, and the periphery of this roller does not move in contact with the upper edges of the boxes, but merely keeps back asuperliuity of clay. The larger roller N is designed for pressing the clay into the boxes and leaving the surface of the clay level with the upper edges of the boxes.

Y This roller N ,pressesV into the boxes the clay which is'left-by the roller L projecting above the-upper edges of these boxes. If desirable, stationary scrapers may be applied to the peripheries o f the rollers L N, for keeping them clear of adhering clay. To prevent any liability of the clay being pressed between the sides of the mould-boxes which are above the table B, during theoperation of filling and pressing the clay inthe boxes, I construct upon one edge ci' each box a lip', z', which is received by a corresponding depression in thev opposite edge of the adjacent box, thus closing the joints between the boxes, as shown inthe drawings'. In practice, I' lshall employ stationary side-plates applied on top of the table B, and so arranged as-to prevent the escape of clay laterally from the surface of the chain'of boxes. Such plates would fit snugly against the endsof the vboxes' and extend from the point where the clay is fed tothe boxes beyond the pressure roller N. Fig..4

shows a pressure roller, P, which is employed instead of the smooth-faced roller N for making hard-pressed bricks. As no portion of the surface of the pressure roller enters 'the brick moulds there is very little pressure upon the clay. With such roller the machine produces common bricks. The circumference of,the pressure roller P has grooves or channels, s s, formed in it at regular intervals apart, which receive within them the upper edges vor partitions of the mould-boxes, and allow the interveningprojections on said roller to enter the boxes and press the clay rmly therein. The roller N is so applied upon its standards that it can be removedy and the grooved roller P applied in its stead. This roller, P, is rotated by the action of the boxes upon it. The clay may be fed to the mould-boxes in any convenient manner. `I employ a hopper, which is varranged over the boxesin front of the pressure rollers, and which receives the mixed clay directly .from a pugmill by means of conveyers.

Having` thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The.x employment, in conjunction with an endless chain of mould-boxes, 5G, of the' levelling roller L, and a pressure roller N, arranged and operating substantially as described.

2. The grooved face pressure roller P, constructed and operating substantially-as described, forpressing the clay into the mould-boxes.

3. Sustaining the endless chain of mould-boxes G upon the supporting bars J and d', by means of oifsets, I

g, on the ends of said boxes during the filling of the'boxes, and also during the discharging of the bricks therefrom. A Y

4. Discharging the'bricks from the endless chain of boxes by means of an inclined plate, K, acting upon the stems c of followers b, substantially as described.

5. Constructing the mould-boxes with offsets on their ends, whichare adapted to form connections for said boxes, and also means for sustaining lthe boxesl upon the bars J and J', substantially as described.

6. Preventing clay or other substance from getting between mould-boxes, which are connected together in theform of a chainfiby means of lips z', substantially as described.

' JOHN W. PEASE.

Witnesses:

R. T. CAMPBELL, Enw. Sonxrnn.

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