US595931A

US595931A - Aib bbtjse

Info

Publication number: US595931A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 1914-12-21

Description

(No Model.) I.

0. C. WOLD.

AIR BRUSH. No. 595,931. Patented Dec. 21, 1897;

m: Noam: PETERS ca, mm), wumucmu, II, c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

OLAUS C. WOLD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HENRY J. THAYER AND CHARLES H. CHANDLER, OF SAME PLACE.

AIR-BRUSH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 595,931, dated December 21, 1897.

Application filed March 1, 1897- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLAUS C. I/VOLD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Air-Brushes, (Case No. 2,) of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to artists brushes of the type generally known as air-brushes, in which the pigment is distributed by means of air under pressure. Such a device is illustrated in Patent No. 555,669, issued'to me March 3, 1896. r

My present invention has for its object the simplification and improvement of the construction of the particular type of air-brush illustrated in my said patent.

In my improved form of air-brush the parts are readily assembled and disassembled, their disposition and construction being such that several of said parts may be readily interchanged or removed for repair without interfering with the disposition of the remaining parts. By my improved construction a more delicate and easy manipulation of the lever mechanism is secured. In the air-brush of my said patent the longitudinally-movable needle which controls the flow of the pigment has frictional engagement in its bearings through a considerable portion of its length, which in course of time causes the needle to be worn, whereby its uniform direction of thrust is destroyed, which results in the delicate point of the needle coming in contact with the seat of the conical passage in which the tapered end of the needle is adapted to fit and through which the flow of the pigment is controlled. If the needlebe enlarged considerably in cross-section, this wear may be considerably reduced.

By means ofmy present invention I am enabled toform the needle of as small cross-section as is desirable, since I relieve it of all frictional engagement.

I will explain my invention more particularly by reference to the accompanying drawings, in whioh Figure 1 is a side elevation, partially in sec Serial No. 625,572. (No model.)

tion, of a brush embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectionalview of a nozzle of the brush. Fig. 4 is a detail view showing the needle and a portion of the mechanism immediately associated therewith. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the operating-lever. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a valvepin entering into the construction of my improved device. Fig. 7 is aplan view of a recessed nut associated with the valve-pin.

Like letters refer to like parts throughout the different figures.

The particular construction illustrated in Fig. 3 forms no part of my present invention; but in order that the application of my invention may be readily understood I have thought it well to illustrate and describe this portion of the mechanism.

The needle a is surrounded by a sleeve b, whose cross-section is of square exterior contour at the portion b thereof. The portion 12 of the sleeve is threaded. A cap-screw a is secured upon the portion 12 a set-screw a being passed through the cap-screw into engagement with the needle, whereby the sleeve and needle are relatively fixed. The relative longitudinal positions of the sleeve and needle are adjusted by the set-screw o The shell 0 is provided with. two plates or partitions cl d, slightly separated, and also with an end plate 6. The plates d d act as bearings for the forward portion of the sleeve b. A bearing-sleeve f is passed through the end plate 6 and is secured thereto by threaded engagement. A cap f is screwed upon a threaded extension of the bearing-sleeve f, said cap being provided with a central opening through which the contiguous portion of the sleeve b may be reciprocated.

A helical spring 9 is interposed between the adjustable cap f and the enlarged portion 19 of the sleeve 6. This spring tends to thrust the needle toward the nozzle of the brush. The tensionof the spring may be adjusted by the cap f.

I preferably provide an annular shoulder f which bears against the rear face of the end plate 6 when the sleeve f is screwed into position.

I provide a back lever h, which engages the enlarged portion 11 of the sleeve 1) at b and which is adapted to be turned about its lower edge by the lever i. The lever i is linked at z" to the knurled finger-plate i which is provided with an eye i ,which receives a guide i mounted upon the end plate 6. The guide 1' serves to confine the finger-plate to the path practically parallel with the axis of the needle. \Vhen the finger-plate is thrust rearwardly, the sleeve 1) and the needle are moved backward by the back lever 72, the spring 9 being counteracted in this movement. The forward motion of the sleeveb and needle is limited by the square portion b engaging with partition d. The full motion of the lever-plate is not imparted to the needle, however, since the needle is nearerthe fulcrum of the back lever.

By providing the link connection 1'' and engaging the lever z' with the back lever the backward motion of the finger-plate is accompanied by a comparatively much smaller motion of the needle during the beginning of the movement of the finger-plate than was possible with the device of my aforesaid patcut. I thus am enabled to govern the width of a fine spray within very close limits where a delicate adjustment is most needed. \Vhen the finger-plate is moved farther backward to produce larger sprays, the relative motion of the needle becomes much larger, as will be apparent on an inspection of the drawings, delicate adjustment being not here required. The air-brush being a very small instrument the value of these features will be appreciated.

It is desirable to have-the travel of the finger-plate considerably in excess of the travel of the needle actuated thereby,.since a very delicate adjustment of the needle maybe had. By my construction the sleeve 1) relieves the needle of all wear. .As will be observed, a considerable portion of the length of this sleeve is engaged by the containing-sleeve f, whereby frictional wear is greatly reduced.

A stem k, carrying thevalve, is screwed into a boss 71;, pa sing through and secured to the bottom portion of the shell 0. \Vithin the stem is provided a valve-pin Z, (shown more clearly in Fig. 6,) having its upper end slotted for the reception of a pin 6 which unites the members of the forked end of the lever t, the pin 9 serving as an axis or fulcrum for said lever. The pin Z is provided with a shoulder Z, which may have its upper surface faced with rubber. A coil-sprin g Z encircling the pin l, normally presses the shoulder Z against its valve-seat, the end of the spring resting against a nut l, screwed into the end of the stem. The nut Z, as is shown more clearly in Fig. 7, is cut away at the sides to permit the access of air.

A second stem m is illustrated, which has a cup-shaped cavity at its upper portion, in which is contained a cup-like portion m, mounted upon a second valve-pin m similar to valve-pin Z, this valve-pin being also provided with a shoulder m which may have its upper surface faced with rubber. the stems 7c and m are coupled, the cup-like portion m is depressed against the tension of spring m so that air under pressure may be conducted from the supply-hose on through a recessed nut on, similar to nut Z, to the airbrush through openings m in the portion m. hen the stems 7s and m are disunited, the shoulder m is seated, whereby waste of compressed air through the hose m is prevented when the air-brush is not being used.

Referring to Fig. 3, the shell 0 carries in its front end an internal thread, into which the end a of the head at is adapted to be screwed. This head carries an elongated portion or tube 01 in the end of which is screwed the tip 0, formed, preferably, of platinum. This tip is provided with a conical bore, into which the conical end of the needle is adapted to fit. By moving the needle a forward the surface of the needle may be brought into contact with the walls of the bore, thus sealing the outlet. In practice, however, it is preferable to so adjust the needlein relation to the sleeve 1) that the needle will never quite seal the outlet. By moving the needle back to a greater or less extent the passage between the needle and the bore may be adjusted as desired. An annular passage is provided between tip 0 and the interior wall of the cap 19 for the exit of air. An annular groove 01 is provided in the end at of the head n, the groove communicating by a duct 72 with the air-chamber c. Ducts or extend through the head n, thus connecting the groove n with the reservoir 1), provided between the head or and the cap 19. Air thus passes from the chamber 0 through duct a, groove 91. and ducts a into the reservoir 19, from whence it passes through an annular outlet between the stem and the end of the cap, the air thus passing in a column surrounding the outlet for the paint, thus drawing the paint from the paint-receptacle. The paint is placed within the shell and rests upon the partition 0 which separates the paint-receptacle from the air-chamber. The air enters the chamber 0 through the (:1 net r,com municatin g with the bore of the stem 7a. The air is admitted by a downward pressure upon the lever i, the air finding passage to chamber a through the duct 9".

In the construction hitherto employed a portion of the paint passed through the forward bearing of the needle andcame in contact With and injured the operating mechanism of the brush. By providing the double partition (1 cl with a slight interspace between the same the paint that is carried backward is caught between the partitions and is prevented from entering that portion of the shell 0 which contains the lever mechanism. The paint that is accumulated between the partitionsbecomes dry and may be readily removed by a hooked tool inserted through the hole in either partition upon removing the tube or sleeve 1). The sleeve Z) is adapted to WVhen" reciprocate upon two separated bearings d f, between which the lever mechanism is interposed. The back lever engages the tube in place of engaging the needle, so that the removal of the needle from the tube for purposes of cleaning the brush, which has to be done four of five times each day, will not cause the separation of the parts of the lever mechanism.

It frequently becomes desirable to remove the stem is, which with the construction heretofore employed was not possible without first removing the needle, but by extending the valve-pin l above the stem and slotting the same I free the engagement of the lever 11 with the stem, whereby the stem may be readily screwed into place or removed without interfering with the said lever, while at the same time the air is controlled with equal facility. It will be apparent also that the needle may be readily removed with but slight trouble and without interfering with the condition of the lever mechanism or valve-pin.

Changes may be readily made in my invention without departing therefrom, and I do not therefore desire to be limited to the precise construction shown; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, the following:

1. In an air-brush, the combination with a casing adapted to contain the paint and having an outlet therefor, of a needle for controlling the size of the outlet and thereby the flow of the paint, a reciprocating finger-plate 7?, means for guiding the same in a path practically parallel with the needle, and suitable mechanism intervening between the plate and needle for imparting longitudinal motion to the needle, substantially as described.

2. In an air-brush, the combination with a needle for controlling the emission of paint from the brush, of a finger-plate & supporting an eye 2' a guide t engaging said eye, and suitable mechanism intervening between said plate and needle for imparting longitudinal motion to the needle upon the actuation of the finger-plate, substantially as described.

3. In an air-brush, the combination with a casing adapted to contain the paint and having an outlet therefor, of a needle for controlling the size of the outlet and thereby the flow of the paint, a reciprocating finger-plate 4?, means for guiding the same in a path practically parallel with the needle, a lever 2' fulcrumed at its lower end and linked at t" to the plate i and a back lever h fulcrumed at its lower edge and engaging lever '6 near the portion 1', said back lever being adapted to impartlongitudinal mot-ion to the needle when actuated, substantially as described.

4:. In an air-brush, the combination with a casing adapted to contain the paint and having an outlet therefor, of separated bearings d and f, a sleeve 17 supported by said bearings, a back lever engaging the sleeve interposed between the bearings for imparting longitudinal motion to thesleeve, said bearings serving to direct the sleeve in a uniform line of travel, and a needle removably secured to said sleeve for controlling the size of the outlet and thereby the flow of the paint,whereby said needle may be withdrawn without disorganizing the mechanism, substantially as described.

5. In an air-brush, the combination with a casing adapted to contain the paint and having an outlet therefor, of separated bearings df, a sleeve 1) supported by said bearings, means for imparting longitudinal motion to the sleeve, said bearings serving to direct the sleeve in a uniform line of travel, and a needle removably secured to said sleeve for controlling the size of the outlet and thereby the flow of the paint, said needle being thus freed from sliding contact withbearing-surfaces, substantially as described.

6. In an air-brush, the combination with a needle for controlling the emission of paint, a sleeve 12 secured to said needle, a bearingsleeve f in which the sleeve 6 is adapted to reciprocate, a cap-screw f upon sleeve f, a

spring 9 tending to thrust the sleeve 17 and needle in one direction, and means for thrusting said needle and sleeve 19 in the other direction, substantially as described.

7. In an air-brush, the combination with a casing adapted to contain the paint and having an outlet therefor, of a needle for controlling the size of the outlet and thereby the flow of the paint, a reciprocating finger-plate '6 means for guiding the same in a path practically parallel with the needle, a valve for regulating the admission of air under pressure to said casing, a'reciprocating pin Zprojecting from the valve, and a lever a linked at 2" at its upper end to the plate 2' and engaging the pin lat its lower end, substantially as described.

8. In an air-brush, the combination with a casing, of separated bearings .01 f, a sleeve adapted to be longitudinally reciprocated in said bearings, a fingerplate '5 means for guiding the same in a path practically parallel with the needle, a back lever h engaging the sleeve for imparting longitudinal motion thereto, a lever 't' linked at t" to the finger plate, said back lever engaging lever 4 near the portion i, a valve for controlling the admission of air to the casing, and a valve-pin extending therefrom and engaging the lower end of lever 2', substantially as described.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 25th day of February, A. D. 1897.

OLAUS O. WOLD. Witnesses:

GEORGE L. CRAGG, A. L. LAWRENCE,