US593857A

US593857A - Apparatus for forming articles of glassware

Info

Publication number: US593857A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-11-16
Anticipated expiration: 1914-11-16

Description

v (No Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 1.

D. G. RIPLEY.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING ARTICLES or GLASSWARB. No. 593,857. n Patented Nov..16,r1897.

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` D. G. RIPLEY. APPARATUS FOR FORMING ARTICLES 0F GLASSWARE.

Patented Nov. 16, 1897.

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v4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

D. G. RIPLEY.

APPARATUS PoR FORMING ARTICLES 0F GLASSWARB.

Patented Nov". 16, 1897.

WITNESSES MWA?.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

y D. C.. RIPLEY. APPARATUS POR PORMING ARTICLES OP GLASSWARB.

, No. 593,857. Patented NOV. v16, 1897.`

S E S S E N .n w

g UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

DANIEL C. RIPLEY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUSV FOR FORM|NG-ART|CLES OF GLASSWARE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 593,857, dated November 16, 1897.

Application iiled January 3, 1893.

To all whom it mayconcerm Be it known that I, DANIEL C. RIPLEY, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Forming Articles of Glassware, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to an improvement in forming articles of glassware by pressing and by pressing and blowing; and it consists in pressing one or more articles or blanks from a fount or reservoir of plastic glass and separating the article or blank from the fount, and, where the article is to be blown as Well as pressed, so blowing the blank in a mold as to form the desired article without any reheating of the blank and without the removal of the blank from a part of the mold during the entire operation.

The object of my invention is not only to obtain the combined advantages of blowing and pressing the glass in the manufacture of articles of glassware, but also to produce,

where it is desirable to do so, a number of articles of glassware by one continuous op-l eration, thereby producing a more perfect product with small expenditure of time and labor, and one of the great advantages incident to my invention is that thereby the out# put within a given time and with a given amount of labor maybe enormously increased over that of any method heretofore known to me.

In the manufacture of machine-made articles of glassware, such as bottles, a blank is first formed by pressing the neck and a cayity in the body of the blank below the neck in a suitable mold, only sufficient glass being placed in the mold to form the article to be produced. The parts composing the mold in which the glass is pressed are then separated, that portion in which the neck has been pressed being lifted from the body of the mold, and, carrying` with it thev blank which has been .pressed therein, is placed on the body of another mold in'which the blank is blown out to the shape of the finished article. By Athis method only one article can be produced ata singleoperation,'and it is also i1npossible to produce bottles or other articles having large bodies and narrow necks for Serial No. 457,040. (No model.)

the reason that the mass of glass from which the body is formed has to be dropped down through the neck portion of the mold, and consequently where the neck is narrow it is impossible to drop the necessary mass of glass through the narrow neck portion of the mold, and also in such case a plunger which can pass through the neck, being necessarily narrow, is incapable of displacing a sufficient amount of glass to form the body.

I will now describe my invention as it may be employed in connection with the manufacture of a number of bottles, so that others skilled in the art may use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View of the machine on the line I I of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line II II of Fig 1.. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the fount and blank mold on the line III III of Fig. 6.v Fig. 4 is a similar View showing ythe bottle-mold. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the same on the line V V of Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the neck-section and bed-plate of the mold. Figs. 7 and 8 are plan views of the shears for cutting the sprues,

and Fig. 9 is a section on the line IX IX of Fio. 7.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

Instead of pressing the body of the bottleblank through the neck portion, as has heretofore ordinarily been done in the commercial manufacture of bottles, I press the glass through the bottom of the mold down over a central core, the pressure on the glass forcing it down aroundthe core and into the neck portion of themold,v and instead of placing the glass directly in the mold I place it in a fount on top of the inverted blank-mold, which mold is provided with a number of cavities or molds which communicate with the fount by suitable openings, and I press the glass from the fount into the mold. This forms a number of blanks having finished necks and is the rst step of my process.

The second step'consists in separating the.

IOO

The third step of my improved process consists in blowing the bodies of the bottles, and this may be done as follows The cores around which the blanks have been pressed are withdrawn from the mouths of the blanks. The blank-mold is lifted from the blanks, leaving them supported bythe neck portion of the mold, and a mold having cavities of the size of the bodies of the bottles to be produced is placed over the blanks, or the neck portion of the mold maybe lifted and inverted, so as to drop the blanks into the cavities. The mouths of the blanks are then connected with acompressed-air conduit and the bodies of the bottles are blown in the mold until they conform therewith. The body portion of the mold is then lifted and removed and the bottles are released from the neck portion of the mold and sent to the leers. In the drawings I have shown molds and apparatus by means of which this method can be readily carried into effect, the molds there shown being adapted to the manufacture of a series of six bottles.

Although I have shown the apparatus adapted to the manufacture of a series or number of bottles, I do not desire to limit myself to the manufacture of bottles nor to a series or number of bottles, as by slight changes the apparatus may be used in the manufacture of single articles and also of other articles than bottles.

Secured to the press or mold table 2 are two vertical standards 3, at the top of which is the fixed cross-head 4, which is rmly and securely fastened to the standards. Bolted to the cross-head 4 is the fixed plunger 5, around the stemof which, in a casing formed in the cross-head, is a spiral spring G, which bears-y against the cross-head and also against the. sleeve 7 of the cap or ring 8, which ring and sleeve surround the plunger 5 and the plunger-rod 5', so as to be capable of moving f freely thereon in a vertical direction, its down- 1 ward movement under the pressure of the` spring 6 being limited by the head of the.r plunger. Situato below the cross-head 4 isa horizontal shelf 10, which rests upon the upj per ends of the vertical bars 11, but not attached thereto, the standards 3 passing loosely through the shelf, so that a vertical movement maybe imparted to the shelf, it sliding up and down on the standards 3. Directly below the plunger 5 in the shelf 10 is an opening 13 for the reception of the fount 14 of the mold. In the front portion of the shelf, in front of the opening 13, are a number of small holes through which project the lugs 15, which are the same in number, arrangement, and size as the openings 19 in the bottom of the fount 14 and are designed to fit in and close the openings in the bottom of the fount when the fount is placed on the front portion of the shelf,where itis in position to receive the mass of glass from which the bottles are to be formed. The lugs 15 are i secured to a plate 1G, secured to the bottom of the shelf 10 by the bolts 17, on which the plate slides. By means of a weighted lever 1S the plate 16 may be depressed so as to carry the lugs 15 below the level of the shelf 10 and allow the fount 14, when it has received the mass of glass, to be pushed back into the opening 13 of the shelf 10. Surrounding the fount 14 is a ring collar 20, which rests upon the shelf and supports the fount at the proper elevation when it drops into the opening 13. Situate below the shelf 10 is the stationary table 21, having an opening 22 through it and directly beloW the opening 13 in the shelf 10. Secured to the frame of the press 2 and situate below the table 21 is a pneumatic cylinder 24, having a piston and a piston-rod 25. This cylinder is connected with a supply of compressed air, by which the piston is operated, suitable valves and ports being arrangedfor the operation of the piston. At the outer end of the piston-rod 25 is a head 28, to which are secured a series of pins or cores 29, the same in number and arrangement as the openings 19 in the fount 14. Resting on the table 21 is the bed-plate 30 of thc mold, on the lower face of which are the parallel projections, ridges, or tracks 31, which it into parallel guides or grooves 32, formed in the upper face of the table 21, the purpose of these grooves and tracks being to guide t-hc bed-plate of the mold when it is drawn to the forward end of the table after the pressing operation has been completed. This bedplate 30 is provided with holes 33 for the passage of the pins or cores 29. Resting on the seat 34 of the bed-plate 30 is the neck section or part 35 of the mold, which part is composed of the outer three-part hinged ring 35 and a central solid disk or other member 36, the series of six neck-cavities 37 being arranged on the line of the circumference of the disk 3G, so that when the ring 35 is parted the necks of the bottles in the mold will be released. Resting on the mold-section 35 is the section 38, in which the blanks for the body of the bottles are formed. This section 38 may be a solid piece, having a series of vertical cavities 39 extending through the section and corresponding in diameter with the cavities 37 in the neck portion of the mold and coinciding with the openings 19 in the fount 14.

The operation of these parts in carrying out or effecting the first step of my process is as follows: The fount 14 is placed on the front portion of the shelf 10, where it is out of the way of the plunger 4, the plugs 15 Iitting in and closing the openings 19 in the bottom of the fount by the raising of the plate 1G, and then the mass of glass from which the bottles are to be formed is placed in the fount. Vere the openings 19 left open the glass would in its soft condition drop down into the openl ings and harden, so as seriously to interfere with the operation of pressing the blanks, and this is prevented bythe plugs 15, which keep the openings closed until the glass has been placed in the fount and until thc fount is re- IOO IIO

`.593,s57 A .s

moved to its position in the opening 13. Vihenl are previously placed in position over the opening 22 in the stationary table 21. It should be noticed that the fount then rests on the mold and is not supported on the table by they collar or ring 20, which collar does not need to act as a support to the fount until it is desired to remove the fount from the mold. The fount and parts of the mold being thus placed imposition beneath the plunger-loom- .pressed air is admitted to the cylinder 24 below the piston, which forces the piston-rod 25 upward, causing the pins or cores 29 to.pass ihrough the holes 33 in the bed-plate and enter the cavities 37 and 39 of the mold, andthe piston continuing its stroke the head 28 comes in contact with the bed-plate 30 of the mold and raises the plate,the mold,and fount thereontogether with the shelf 10, which is lifted by the mold beneath it, the shelf leaving the bars 11 and sliding upward on the standards 3. This brings the fount 14 in contact with the fixed'plnnger 4, which enters the fount, while the spring-ring 8 is pushed back by the rim of the fount,the function of the ring being to prevent any escape of glass over therim of the fount. The glass in the fount being carried against the plunger is forced down through the openings inthe bottom ofthe fount into the cavities 39 of the mold, around the pins or cores 29 and into the neck-cavities 37, therebypressing the necks and the bodies of the bottle-blanks. This being done the piston 25 is caused to descend, the shelf 10 and the mold thereon 'are carried back to their former position, and the cores 29 arewit-hdrawn from the blanks in the mold. Keyed to the transverse shaft 23, which is journaled in the frame of the press 2, isa hand-lever 46. This shaft 23 is connected with the sliding rods 11 by the toggle-

arms

26 and 27, the arms 26 being keyed to the shaft 23 and pivoted to the arms 27, and the arms 27 being pivoted to the rods 11.

As before stated, the shelf 10 rests on the ends of the bars 11 without being secured thereto. Fitting loosely on the bars 11 is the cross-frame 40, the. bars passing loosely through the frame. This frame 40 loosely encircles the body portion 38 of the blankmold, so as to engage with itsA annular collar 41, which is formed on the outer face of the mold-section 38. Y

Situate between the bottom of the fount 14 and the top of the mold-section 38 are two

thini metal plates

68 and 69, (shown in Figs. 7 and 8,) which plates are pivoted together below the bottom of the fount and are provided with holes 70, corresponding with the holes 19 in the bottom of the fount, .but .of greater area.

. These plates form shears .for cutting4 the sprues when the fonntis raised from the moldsection and are operated by turning them on their central pivot 71 in opposite directions to each other, by which movement the sprues are severed by the edges of the holes 62 in the two plates passing each other. Below the frame 40, on the bars 11, are the stop-rings 45, which are so arranged with reference to the cross-frame 40 that when the bars 11 have come in contact with the frame 40, at which point the further movement of the lever is stopped and it is retained in that position by the latch 47 which engages ina notch in. the press 2. This upward movement of the bars 11 raises the shelf 10, and with it the fount 14, the stop-ring 2O of the fount engaging with the shelf; but as the section 38 of the mold is not fthereby raised it becomes separated a short distance (say about half lan inch) from the fount, which enables the workman to cut the sprues of glass extending between the glass remaining in the fount and the pressed blanks in the mold-section, which may be done by turning the

plates

68 and 69 in opposite directions 'on their central pivot. This beingdone bythe shears or by other suitable tools the fount14 is removed and the lever'46 is then unlatched and pulled forward the length of its throw, when the stops 45 on the rods 11, engagingwith the frame 40, raisethe frame and withit the mold-section 38, lifting the latter entirely off and away from the bottle-blanks, which are left standing in a vertical position, the necks of the blanks being held in the neck-section 34.

. The second step of the process-the separation of the glass in the fount from the blanksis thus completed, and the body-section 38 of the mold having been removed from the blanks the bed-plate 30, together with the neck -section 34 of the mold carrying the blanks, is drawn forward in the grooves 32 until it comes in contact with the stop 48 at the outer edge of the table 2l. Below the front part of the-table 21 and yarranged to move vertically through an opening therein is the rod 51, the lower end of which passes through aslot 65 in the foot-lever 52, the rod being supported by a collar 66, whichrests on the lever and which is keyed to the rod. Between the collar 66 and the plate 67 of the frame 2 is aspiral spring 55, the forceA of which tends to keep the rod 51 in its lowered position. The upper end of the rod 51 is square or angular in cross-section, and it is IIO adapted to t in and pass through centraly holes in the bed-plate and neck-sections ofI the mold. Around the opening for the passage of the rod 51 in the table 21 are a series of air-ports G1, which lead into the compressedair chamber 54. The ports are so situate as to register with the openings 33 in the bedplate 30 of the mold.

- As soon as the blanks are brought to the forward part of the table 21 by the movement of the bed-plate 30 another section 56 of the bottle-mold, and which has not been used in that part of the operation already described, is placed on top of the neck-section 31. Section 5G is provided with mold-cavities 58 of the shape of the bottles to be blown, the cavities being open at the base of the mold-section, so that the section may bc placed down over the blanks and closed at the top. In order to cause these cavities to register with the blanks, the rod 51 is first raised by pressing on the foot-lever, which elcvates the end of the rod through the openings in the table 2l and the central openings in the base-plate and neck-section of the mold, the end of the rod extending above the same. In the center of the bottle-mold section 56 is a square or angular hole for the reception of the rod 51, so that in order to pass the mold-section down on the rod it must be brought into such position that the angular hole in the center of the mold-section will register with the angular end of the rod, and when this is the case the cavities in the mold-section will register with the blanks. Vhen the mold-section has been placed over the blanks, the end of the rod 51 projects a short distance above the mold, as shown in Fig. 4. In this projecting end is a slot 59, into which a key is passed which secures the rod, and thus the moldsection 5G is securely held against the necksection 34. Instead of this a stop may be placed 011 the rod 51, arranged to engage with the plate or frame G7 when the rod 51 has been elevated the proper distance, and then by inserting a cam key or wrench in the slot and bringing the key down so that the cam shall bear on the mold-section the sections of the mold are locked in position. The mold being thus secured in place compressed air is permitted to pass into the air-chamber 54, on the under side of the table 21, from a suitable source of supply,which air passes through the ports 61 into the cavities in the blanks, blowing the glass until it conforms to the shape of the mold-cavities. The locking key or wrench is then removed, the mold-section 5G is lifted from the bottles, the rod 51 is lowered, and the bottles are released by opening the three-part neck-ring of the mold-sec- 1 tion 31, after which they are sent to the leer.

It will be readily seen that in the manufacture of some articles other than bottles, such as articles formed entirely by pressing, the third step of my process may be omitted and a number of finished articles may be pressed from a fount into a mold havinganumber of cavities, which constitutes the first step of my process, and then separated from the glass in the fount by cutting the sprues, which constitutes the second step, and also that by changing the form of the cavities in the mold other articles than bottles may be formed in the same manner, and although one of the advantages of my method is that a number of bottles or other articles may be formed at one time, yet this apparatus may be advantageously employed in the manufacture of single articles, especially where the article is designed to have a large body and a contracted opening or neck.

Various changes may also be made in the apparatus without affecting the method or steps of the process. Part of the work maybe done by hand, or, as already mentioned, instead of placing the body of the bottle-mold over the blanks and blowing from the bottom the blanks may be inverted and dropped into the mold, the blowing in such case being done from the top instead of from the bottom. Instead of the mold-

sections

38 and 56 being made in a single piece they may be in the form of parted molds for the manufacture of such shaped articles as require molds of this class.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination ofa fount,a mold,a cutter interposed between the base of the fount and the mold and adapted to cut the sprues, and means for separating the fount and mold IOO to permit operation of the mitten-substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, a press having a fixed bed forsupporting the mold, a movable shelf for supporting the fount, and adapted to separate the fount from the mold, and a plunger; substantially as described.

3. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, a shelf for supporting the fount, said shelf having at one end a projection for closing the opening in the bottom of the fount while the fount is in position for being filled; substantially as described.

4c. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, ashelf or support for the fount, said shelf having at one end a movable projection for closingthe opening in the bottom of the fou nt, while the fount is in position for being filled, and devices for depressing the projection below the level of the surface of the shelf; substantially as described.

5. In apparatus for the ,y manufacture of glassware, the combination of a mold having an interior cavity, a pin or core adapted to be inserted in the cavity, a neck-section of the mold capable of separation from the body of the mold, a fount capable of separation from the body of the mold, a plunger for pressing the glass from the fount into the cavity of the mold around the core, and devices for separating the fount from the mold, the body of the IIO mold from the neck-section, and the core from 'the blank; substantially as described.

6. In apparatus for the manufacture -of glassware, the combination of a mold having a series of cavities, a fount capable of removal from'the mold, a neck-section capable of removal from lthe body of the mold, a series of pins or cores capable of removal from the blanks, a fixed plunger; devices for carrying the fount, mold, and cores to the plunger; and

` devices for separating the fount from the mold and the mold from the blanks; substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, a press having a fixed plunger, in

combination with a movable shelf for su pporting the fount, and a movable frame for supporting the body of the mold, a fixed table for supporting the mold, a piston having a head adapted to lift the mold and fount against the plunger, and devices for raising the fount-support and the movable mold-support', so as to separate Vthe fount from the body of the mold and to lift the body of the mold from the blanks; substantially as described.

8. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of apress having a table provided with guide-grooves, and having at its forward end a series of air-ports; a mold adapted to slide in the guides of the plate; a locking-rod adapted to lock the mold in position over the air-ports, and devices for operating said rod; substantially as described.

9. In apparatus for the manufacture of glassware, the combination of a mold composed of two or more separable horizontal sections and having a series of cavities; a table having a series of air-ports, and a locking-rod angular in cross-section and adapted to fit in angular cavities eXtendin g through the moldsection; substantially as described.

lO. A mold for the manufacture of glassware, having cutting -shears composed of metal plates pivoted to each other, and adapted to sever the sprues; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I' have hereunto set my hand.

DANIEL C. RIPLEY. Witnesses:

W. B. CoRwIN, I-I. M. CORWIN.