US591236A - Boiler for steam or hot-water heating - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

W. M. MACKAY. EoILEE EOE STEAM 0E EOT WATEE HEATING.

Patented Oct. 5,1897

NoModel.) 2shee1-.s-sheet2- W. M. MAGKAY. BOILEE EOE STEAM 0E EOT WATER HEATING.

No. 591,236; Patented out. 5,1897.

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UNITED STATEsqV PATENT @Erica WILLIAM M. MAoIrI-IY, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, AssIeNoR To TIIE HART a oRoUsE COMPANY, or UTIoA, NEW YORK.

BOILER FORSTEAVIVORl HOT-WATER HEATING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 591,236, dated October 5, 1897.

Application iiled March 8, 1897. Serial No. 626,398. (No model.)

T @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. MACKAY, a citizenof the United States, residing at Newark, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers for Steam or Hot-VVater Heating, fully described and represented in the following specication and the Vaccompanyin g drawings, forminga part of the same.

This invention relatesto that class of steam or hot-waterfboilers which is composed of `al series of flat vert-ical sections having a rebox formed by the water-legs of the sections and a hollow fire-arch for water-circulation extended between the legs at the top of the fire-box.

In the present construction the boiler is formed of suitable capacity by using the required number of vertical sections, but the sections are not of uniform pattern, as the intermediate sections are slightly different from the front section to control the Inovement of the gases and the rear section is Y formed of a water-platel from the level of the grate upward to close the rear end of the fire-box. V

In the present construction the water-legs are extended downward to form the sides of the ash-box, which is closed at the front end by a boiler-front having fuel-door, ash-door, and cleaning-out door and at the vrear by a smoke-box containing dampers to vary the draft through the fines.

The operation of the construction is described in a boiler for heating water, but the same construction may also be used for generating steam, in which case the upper portions of the sections would be filled with steam instead of water.

Each section is provided with a water-arch at the top, which is connected with the firearch by vertical water-tubes, and t-lze fire# arches are made the full thickness of the sections over the front part of the tire-box to prevent the ascent ofthe gases, while the firearch in the sections at the rear of the boiler is notched in the middle upon one or both sides to permit the gases to rise among the water-tubes. Certain of the water-tubes at opposite sides of the center line are made the full thickness of the section to form partitions extending nearly to the front ofthe boiler, to make return-flues at the sides of the boiler, which are connected at their rear ends with Vthe smoke-box.4 The gases which rise 5 5 between the rear sections are thus compelled to move forwardly among the water-tubes before they can enter the return-fl ues which lead them to the srnoke-boxf The invention is especially adapted for boil- 6o i ers of rathersmall capacity, in which a large grate-surface is not desired, but in which con# siderable area is required between the watertubes to form the flues for the forward and backward passage of the gases. To secure such area, I have constructed the water-arch at thetop of the section considerably longer than the fire-arch which unites the tops of the water-legs, so as to secure the requisite space for fines between the water-tubes, and 7o have proportioned/che passages which extend from the tops of the water-legs to the top of the section of smaller sectional area than the water-legs, so as to divert into the ire-arch a portion of the water which rises from the water-legs. I form the top of water-leg at the endsv of the iireearch with outwardly-projecting Water-chamber, which thus stands at the junction of the water-legs, the vertical tubes above `the same, and the fire-arch at 8o one side of the chamber. The enlarged space in such chambers prevents conflict between the upward and downward currents entering such chambers,which sometimes occurs in the generation of steam., The lire-arch confines the gases to the furnace, excepting at the rear -part of the boiler, where the lire-arches are notched over the middle of the furnace to permit the gases to rise upwardly, and certain of thewatentubes at opposite ends of such 9o notches are made the full thickness of the section to divert the gases into the front sections of the boiler, from whence they return to a fire-boxat the rear of the boiler through lateral yiiues over the water-chambers just mentioned.

The invention consists partly in the constructive features of the vdifferent sections, partly in their combination, as shown in the drawings, and partly in the means for adjust- Ioo ing the dampers within thesmoke-box.' y

i These improvements will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a boiler embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the boiler upon the center line transverse to the sections. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the boiler; Fig. 4, a horizontal section on line 4 4 in Fig. S, with the dampers closed and the cranks and their link connection retained upon the tops of the dam-1 hand side of the center line one of the front sections of the boiler and at the left side of g the center line one of the intermediate seetions. Fig. 9 is a cross-section on line 9 9 in Fig. 8, and Fig. l0 is a cross-section on line 5 Fig. ll is a vertical section across the center of one of the front sections Q of the boiler, and Fig. 12 is a similar section of one of the intermediate sections.

4 fr in Fig. s.

Fig. 13 is a plan, and Fig. 14 an edge view, of the link for adjusting the damper-cranks.

A designates the water-legs at opposite sides of the ire-box B. Tater-chambers A' are projected outwardly at the tops Vof the water-legs and connected upon their inner sides with a fire-arch having its upper porj tion or body C the full thickness of the section (except where notched at the middle portion, as hereinafter described) and its lowerl side formed with `a central water-channel C'.

A water-arch D extends across the top of the section and is connected at its ends with the water-chambers A' by vertical tubes or pasl sages E, and vertical water-tubes F F' F2,with interspaces G G', connect the water-arch with the fire-arch.

the rear of the boiler.

upward to the ends of the water-arch D. The water-arch is made of suilicient capacity to permit the movement of the water through the different water-tubes to the outlet D' upon the middle of the water-arch, and the {ire-arch is, including the water-channel C' upon its under side, of still greater cross-section to permit a free distribution of the water to the water-tubes in which the water-current is most rapid; but the passages E are made of much less capacity than the water-arch or fire-arch, so that' the water which rises from the water-leg into the chamber A' may be di- Fig. 7 is rected into the tubes over the fire, where it will be most effectively heated.

The water-chamber ismade of much greater cross-section than the nre-arch to prevent conflict between upward and downward currents entering such chamber, which sometimes occurs inthe generation of steam, as hereinafter set forth, and especially to permit a free circulation of water within the boiler when the external circulation is cutoff without checking the fire, and a downward movement in the passages E is produced by the upward movement in the tubes over the lire.

The variations in the sections are noticeable in Figs. 2 and 4, Fig. 2 showing the three front sections S with the tire-arch the full thickness of the section, while the intermediate sections S' and S2 and the rear section S3 are notched upon the side of thefire-arch to permit the gases to pass upwardly into the spaces between the tubes F. Fig. 4 shows the tubes F' next to the passages E of less thickness than the section, like the tubes F, while the adjoining tubes F2 in all the sections except the two at the front are made the full thickness of the section to form partitions between the -spaces G and G', which ad join the tubes F and F', respectively.

The rear section shown in Figs. 2 and 7 is formed of a water-plate s3, having upon its edges the water-legs A, passages E, and waterarch D, with passages H and I-l' connecting the water-legs at the upper and lower parts of the ash-box B', which is shown in Fig. 2. Vertical water-passages I are extended within the plate through passage H to the water-arch D, and the water-chambers A' are provided between the passages E and the watenlegs, and portions of the tire-arch C are extended inwardly lfrom such chamber, with tubes F' j and F2 extended upwardly therefrom to the The group of sections constituting th eboiler is connected at the top with a header N and pipe connection n, attached to lthe `outlet D' upon the top of each section, and by mani-'g folds O, connected by suitable pipes with inlets o', near the bottom of each water-leg. A i boiler-front P, having fuel-door p, ash-door, p', and cleaning-out door p2, is secured upon the frontof the boilerand a smoke-box J upon water-arch D.` The spacesvG', adjacent to the tubes F', form flue-passages for the escape of the smoke to the fire-box J, which is secured upon the rear of the boiler and is provided with smoke-outlet J'. Dalnpers L are hinged vertically inside the smoke-box between the outlet J and the passages G' upon the plate s3 to circulate the smoke and gases downwardly within the smoke-box during the reguj laroperation of the boiler before they are per- From the outer sides of the chambers A'g upon each section passages E are extendedA mitted to escape. The dampers are shown closed in Fig. 4, as indicated by dotted lines in their open position in Fig. 5, which permits the gases to pass directly from the fine-passages in the rear section to the outlet J'. The damperspindles are provided with cranks t at their upper end, and a link m is shown bolted to one of the lcranks and provided with two pins n, adapted to engage an eye lu pon the other crank when the dampers are respectively opened and closed. The pins are fitted loosely to the eye to be engaged with it or removed readily.

By bolting the link to one of the cranks it vis secured permanently, while the provision IOO IIO

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of the two pins 'n' adapts it to lock the dampg ers in an open or closed position without any additional mechanism. The engagement of the pins with the cranks in the two positions is shown in Figs. 4t and 5, respectively.

By forming the return-dues over the water-chambers A' the upper half of each section is materially wider than the lower half, and the smoke-box is made of corresponding shape, with parallel sides, and to secure the requisite movement of the dampers within such smoke-box when opened, as shown in Fig. 6, the dampers are notched or formed each with a narrowed portion Z' near the lower end. B y this construction the dampers may be extended downward into the narrow part of the smoke-box and the gases thus forced to a lower point within the smoke-box before they escape to the outlet J When the dampers are closed, as shown in Fig. 2, the narrow portions Z at the lower end permit a portion of the gases to pass upwardly, as indicated by the arrows a', but the remainder are driven into the course shown by the arrows b in Fig. 6, which carries them over the entire rear surface of the water-plate s3 upon the rear sectionand thus conveys the heat from the gases to such water-plate. The arrows b represent the movement of gases when the dampers are closed. The water-plate is thus exposed to the heat upon both sides, and the water in the passages I and tubes F and F3 is thus effectively heated. A damper-plate CZ closes the space between the passages H and H upon the rear section and is provided with a d ust-damper e, operated by rod having han?` dle e', asshown in Fig. l. A check-draft damper M is shown upon the smoke-box near the bottom, and grates K are shown pivoted between the sections in the usual manner, the water-legs being extended downward below the grate-bearings k to inclose the sides of the ash-.box and absorb the heat therein.

`At the right hand of the central line in Fig. S one of the sections S is represented` I withthe body C of the fire-arch the full thickness of the section, and at the left side of the same line one of the intermediate sections S or S'2 is shown with the body C formed with notches C2, extended to the side of the water channel C.

' The passages formed by the notches C2 are lettered C2 in Fig. 4, and the gases rising through the same are guided by the tubes F to the forward endof the boiler through the sections G adjacent to thetubes F, as indibox J as indicated by arrows c2. .With this construction the gases are compelled to traverse all the spaces between the tubes and are retained in contactwith the tubes as long as is desirable to impart their heat to the'water. It will be observed by reference to Fig. 10 that the water-tubes F2 are of about the same sectional area as the passages E, and the water-tubes F directly over the chambers A' are of very much less area, while the united area of the tubes E and F is less than that of the water-leg A. Where the boiler is used for heating water, this relation of the parts prevents the water from iiowing upwardly through the outer sides of the section to the outlet at the top of the Water-arch and drives a part of the water naturally into the firearch, where itis heated and passes upwardly through the middle tubes F. It will also be observed that the chambers A are much greater in sectional area than the water-legs, which extend downward, the lire-arch which, extends laterally, or the tubes E and F', which extend Vupwardly therefrom. This construction affords a great advantage whether the boiler be used for the heating of water or the generation ofsteam. In the latter case the steam rises most rapidly in the tubes F directly over the fire, producing an upward current in such boiler-tubes, and when the water is separated from the steam in the water-arch D it necessarily flows downward through the cooler tubes F and F at the sides of the section. As the current entering the water-inlet o" at the bottom of the water-legs is very trifiing in a steam-boiler, the circulation is almost entirely through the tubes mentioned and the fire-arch, and the enlargement of the chamber A permits the free movement of the water downward from the tubes `E and F and its free passage into the fire-arch.

`When t-he boiler is used for heating water and the section is entirely filled with such iiuid, a considerable current of the fluid passes upward in the water-legs from the inlets 0 when the external circulation is in operation, and such upward movement interferes .seriously with the natural downward movement of the current in the side passages E, except the chambers A be provided at the junction of the water-leg and such passages to permit the union of such upward and downward currents and their free passage into the heated water-arch from which the upward current is drawn. i

` Where the external circulation of the boiler is cut oif and the upward current ceases in the water-legs, the water-chambers A perform then the same function as when generating steam and permit the downward current from the side passages of the section to descend freely to enter the fire arch and move upward through the hotter tubes of the boiler. Such free internal circulation prevents the surface of the lsection from becomi ing overheated when the external circulation is cut off. The formation of the tire-arch Cl with the water-channel C of the same width as the tubes F preserves a great part of the internal area of the fire-arch when notched ros IIO

upon the sides, and thus maintains a free circulation within the intermediate sections which require to be thus notched.

Having thus set forth the nature of t-he invention, what is claimed herein isl. In a steam or hot-water boiler having fire-arches with spaces between the same in some of the rear sections for the upward movement of the gases and a forward flue over the middle of the fire-arch with backward iiues over the sides of the same, a iiat vertical section with water-legs at the bottom to inclose a lire-box, a fire-arch to form the top of the tire-box, a water-arch at the top of the section, vertical passages connecting the ends of the water-arch and fire-arch, vertical water- -tubes connecting the water-arch and nre-arch between such passages, the fire-arch having its upper part the full thickness of the section, and upon its lower side a central projecting water-channel of less thickness, and said arch being notched at the middle upon opposite sides to permit the upward passage of the gases between such sections, substantially as herein set forth.

2. In a steam or hot-water boiler having fire-arches with spaces between the same in some of the rear sections for the upward movement of the gases and a forward flue over the middle of the fire-arch with backward iiues over the sides of the same, a fiat vertical section having water-legs A connected at the top upon their inner sides by the fire-arch C, and provided upon their outer sides at the ends of such fire-arch with the outwardly-projecting chambers A', passages E extended upwardly.

froln the chambers A at the outer sides, a water-arch D connecting the tops of such passages, and vertical water-tubes F connecting the water-chamber and the fire-arch intermediate to thepassage E, as and for the purpose set forth. f

3. In a steam or hot-water boiler having fire-arches with spaces between the same in some of the rear sections for the upward movement of the gases and a forward flue over the middle of the fire-arch with backward flues over the sides of the same, a iiat vertical section having water-legs A connected at the top upon their inner sides by the fire-arch O, and provided upon their outer sides at the ends of such lire-arch with the outwardly-projecting chambers A', passages E extended upwardly from the chambers A at the outer sides, a water-arch D connecting the tops of such passages, vertical water-tubes F and F2 connecting the water-arch and the lire-arch intermediate to such passages, and the tubes F2 at opposite sides of the center having the full thickness of the section, and the remaining tubes having a less thickness, as and for the purpose set forth.

4t. In a steam or hot-water boiler having i fire-arches with spaces between the same in some of the rear sections for the upward movement of the gases and a forward `Iiue over the middle of the fire-arch with backward fiues over the sides of the same, a flat vertical section having water-legs A connected at the top upon their inner sides by the fire-arch C, and provided upon their outer sides at the ends of such fire-arch with the outwardly-projecting chambers A', passages E extended upwardly from the chambers A at the outer sides, a water-arch D connecting the tops of such passages, Vertical water-tubes F and F2 connecting the water-arch and the fire-arch intermediate to such passages, the tubes F2 at opposite sides of the cent-er having the full thickness of the section, and the remaining tubes having a less thickness, and the lire-arch being notched laterally between the tubes F2 to admit the gases upwardly among the tubes F, substantially as herein set forth.

5. In a steam or hot-water boiler, composed of fiat vertical sections as described, the intermediate section having water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A at the top connected at their inner sides by lire-arch C, havingv central waterchannel C upon its under side, passages E extended upwardly from the chambers A' at the outer side, a

water-arch D connecting the tops of such passages, the water-tubes F and F2 connecting the Water-arch and the hre-arch, the watertubes F2 having the thickness of the section, and the water-tubes F having the thickness of thewater-channel, and one side of the firearch notched between the water-tubes F2 to permit the upward passage of the gases at one side of the lire-arch, substantially as herein set forth.

6. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a fiat vertical section having water-legs A with outwardly-proj ectin g chambers A at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C, passages E extended upwardly from the chambers A at the outer side, a water-arch D connecting the tops of the passages, vertical water-tubes connecting the water-chamber and the firearch, and the lire-arch having its upper part the full thickness of the section,-

and upon its lower side a central projecting water-channel of the same thickness as the central water-tubes, and the fire-arch being notched laterally at the middle portion to the thickness of the water tubes and channel,

substantially as herein set forth.

7. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a rear section consisting of the plate s2 having the water-legs A up'on one side with the chambers A extended outwardly therefrom, and

portions of a fire-arch C2 projected inwardly l from such chambers, and the water-arch D I at the top of the water-plate connected with the chambers A' and fire-arch portions C2 by passages E, tubes F and F2, with the smokespaces G between the same, substantially as herein set forth.

8. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a rear section consisting of the plate S2 having the water-legs A upon one side with the chambers A extended outwardly therefrom, and

portions of a fire-arch C2 projected inwardly IOO IIO

' from such chambers, and the water-arch D at the top of the water-plate connected with the chambers A and fire-arch portions C2 by passages E, tubes F and F2, with the smokespaces G between the same, the passages H connecting water-legs A, and the vertical passages I within the plate s2 connecting the passage H and arch D, substantially as herein set forth.

9, In a steam or hot-water boiler, a rear section consisting of the plate s3 having the water-legs A upon one side with the chambers A extended outwardly therefrom, and portions of a fire-arch C2 projected inwardly from such chambers, and the water-arch D at the top of the water-plate connected with the chambers A/ and fire-arch portions C2 by passages E, tubes F and F2, with the smokespaces G between the same, the passage H connecting water-legs A at the grate-level with opening` below the same between the water-legs, and the vertical passages I within the plate connecting the passage H with the water-arch D, substantially as herein set forth.

10. In a steam or hot-water boiler, the flat vertical section having water-legs A connected at the top upon their inner sides by the iire-arch C, and provided upon their outer sides at the ends of such fire-arch with the outwardly-projecting chambers A', passages E of less sectional area than the water-legs extended upwardly from the chambers A at the outer sides of the same, a Water-arch D of greater sectional area than the passages E connecting the tops of such passages, and ver` tical water-tubes connecting the water-chamber and the tire-arch, substantially as herein set forth.

ll. In a steam or hot-water boiler, the iiat vertical section having water-legs Apwith outwardly-projecting chambers A at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C, having central water-channel C upon its under side, passages E of less sectional area than the Water-legs extended upwardly from the chambers A at the outer side, a water-arch D, of greater sectional area than the passages E connecting the tops of such passages, and vertical water-tubes of the same thickness as the water-channel C connecting the waterchamber and the fire-arch, as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In a steam or hot-water boiler, the flat vertical section having water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A' at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C, having central waterchannel C upon its under side, the passages E ofV less sectional area than the water-legs extended upwardly, from the chambers A at the outer side, a water-arch D, of .greater sectional area than the passages E connecti-ng the tops of such passages, and vertical water-tubes of the same thickness as the water-channel C connecting the water-chamber and the nre-arch, and the nre-arch being notched at the middle to the sides of the water-channel C to permit th'e upward passage of the gases between a series of such sections, substantially as herein set forth.-

13. In a steam or hot-water boiler, the iat vertical section having water-legs A with outwardly-proj ectin g chambers A' at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C, having central water-channel C upon its under side, `passages E of less sectional area than the water-legs extended upwardly from the chambers A' at the outer side, a waterarch D, of greater sectional area than the passages E connecting the tops of such passages, the water-tubes F and F2 connecting the water-chamber and fire-arch, the watertubes F2having the thickness of the section, and the water-tubes F having the thickness of the water-channel C', and the side of the fire-arch being notched between the watertubes F2 to permit the upward passage of the gases, substantially as herein set forth.

14. A vertical sectional boiler comprising a series of flat sections having the vertical water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers Al at the top connected at their inner sides by tire-arch C and having the passages E of the same .thickness as the section eX- tended upwardly from the chambers A' at the outer side, with water-arch I) connecting the tops of such passages, and vertical watertubes connecting the water-arch and the {irearch, substantially as herein set forth.

15. A vertical sectional boiler comprising a series of flat sections having the vertical water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C and having the passages E of the same thickness as the section and of less sectional area than the water-legs eX- tended upwardly from the chambers Al at the outer side, with water-arch D of greater sectional area than the passages E connect- -ing the tops of such passages, and vertical water-tubes connecting the water-arch and the fire-arch, substantially as herein set forth.

16. A vertical sectional boiler comprising a series of iiat sections having the veiltical water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C and having the passages E of the same thickness as the section and of less sectional area than the water-legs extended upwardly from the chambers A' at the outer side, with water-arch D of greater sectional area than the passages E connecting the tops of such passages, the vertical water-tubes F2 of the same thickness as the section and the same sectional area as the passages E, and the water-tubes F having less thickness than the section, substantially as herein set forth.

17. A vertical sectionalboiler comprising a series of flat sections having the vertical water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A' at the top connected attheir inner sides by the fire-arch C having water-channel IOO IOS v IIO C', and having the passages E of the same thickness as the section and of less area than the water-legs, extended upward from the chambers A' at the outer side, with waterarch D of greater sectional area than the passages E connecting the tops of such passages, the vertical water-tubes F2 of the same thickness as the section, the water-tubes F and F' of the same thickness as the water-channel C', and the water-arch between the tubes F2 being notched upon the side, as and for the purpose set forth.

18. In a boiler comprising a series of fiat vertical sections having each the water-legs A, water-chambers A', fire-arch C, passages E, water-arch D, and water-tubes connecting the fire-arch and water-arch, the combination, with the sections S having the fire-archl the full thickness of the section, of the intermediate and rear sections S', S2 and S3 having the tire-arch notched to perlnit the upward movement of the gases, and the rear section formed with the plate s3, and provided upon its upper part with the openings G', the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

19. In a boiler comprising a series of flat vertical sections having each the water-legs A, water-chambers A', fire-arch C, passages E, water-arch D, and water-tubes connecting the fire-arch and water-arch, the combination, with the sections S having the fire-arch the full thickness of the section, of the intermediate and rear sections S', S2 and S3 having the fire-arch'notched to permit the upward movement of the gases, and the rear section formed with the plate s3, having upon its upper part the openings G' and upon its lower part the transverse water-passages H and H' with openin gs for dust-flue between such passages, the whole arranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

20. In a boiler comprising a series of flat vertical sections having each the water-legs A, water-columns A', fire-arch C, passages E, water-arch D, and water-tubes connecting the fire-arch and water-arch, the combination, with the sections S having the fire-arch the full thickness of the section, of the intermediate and rear sections S', S2 and S3 having the fire-arch notched to permit the upward movement of the gases, and the rear section formed with the plate s3, having upon its upper part the openings G' and upon its lower part the transverse Water-passages H and H' with the plate d secured thereon and the dust-damper c tted to an opening in such plate, and a smoke-box fitted to the section S3 and inclosing the passages G' and dust-damper, substantially as herein set'forth.

21. A vertical sectional boiler comprising a series of flat sections having the vertical water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A' at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C and having the passages E of the same thickness as the section eX- tended upwardly from the chambers A' at the outer side, the water-archD of the same thickness as the section connecting the tops of such passages, vertical water-tubes connecting the water-arch to the fire;arch, the notches C2 in the fire-arches of the rear sections, and certain of the water-tubes made the full thickness of the section, and the remainder of less thickness, to form a forward iiue over the rebox and backward fines at the sides of the section over the chambers A', substantially as herein set forth.

22. In a boiler comprising a series of fiat vertical sections of greater Width upon the upper than upon the lower part, with a rear section having the plate s3 with flue-openings G' in the upper part, the combination, with such sections, of the smoke-box .I of greater width in the upper than in the lower part, as set forth, fitted to the rear section to inclose the said flue-openings, and provided with smoke-outlet in the middle at the upper part, and4 having the dampers L pivoted in the smoke-box between such outlet and flue-openings, and provided with the narrowed portions Z' at the lower end extended downward into the narrow part of the smoke-box, substantially as herein shown and described.

23. In a boiler comprising a series of fiat vertical sections with a rear section having the plate S3 with flue-openings G' in the upper'part, the combination, with such sections, of the smoke-box J fitted to the rear section to inclose the said flue-openings, and provided with smoke-outlet upon the center line, and having the dampers L pivoted in the smoke-box between such outlet and flue-openings, With the cranks Z attached to the spindles, and the link m bolted to one of said cranks and provided with two pins n fitted interchangeably and detachably to an eye upon the other crank to adjust the dampers open and shut respectively, substantially as herein set forth.

24. A vertical sectional boiler comprising a series of flat sections having the vertical water-legs A with outwardly-projecting chambers A' at the top connected at their inner sides by fire-arch C, and having passages E of less sectional area than the water-legs extended upwardly from the chambers A' at the outer side, with water-arch D of greater sectional area than the passages E connecting the tops of such passages, and vertical watertubes connecting the water-arch with the tops -of the chambers A' and the fire-arch, the

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