US588316A - billings - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)l 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. G. BILLINGS.

GHANGEABLB- GEARING.

vNo. 588,316. 'Patented Aug. 17,1897.

@Wkfw .W @Z50-,f M {JM/Af,

ATTORNEY.'

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. G. BILLINGS. GHANGEABLE GEARING.

110.588,31@ Patented Aug. 17,1897.

INVENTOR da? WITN SSES: ma@

'ATTORN EY.

Tn: wams Pz'rtns co. wnovouruo. wsHmcToN, v c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

L. G. BILLINGS. GEANGEABLB GEARING.

No. 588,316. l Patented Aug. 17,1897.

wlTNEssEs: :'NvENToR 'BY-76g,

ATTOR N EY.

me mums PETERS co. mom-uno., wAsHmaYcN. n. c;

(N0 Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

I L. G. BILLINGS.

'GHANGEABLB GEARING. No. 588,316. Patented Aug. 17,1897.

WITNESSES.' IIVVE/VTOH jfwydf ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT @Ericav Lori-inne. EILLINes, on CLIFTON, NEW YORK.

CHANGEABLE GEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of `Letters Patent No. 588,316, dated August 17, 1897.

Application iiled September l, 1896. Serial No. 6Q4,505. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, LUTHER G. BILLINGS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Clifton, in the county of Richmond and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Changeable Gearing,

of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to means for transniitting motion from a drivingshaft to a driven wheel or drum, and also to means for varying the ratio of speed at will. f

It consists in the peculiar arrangementof Va plurality of trains of gearing intermediate 'of this specification and represent the manner in which I have carried out the invention. Figure lis a section on a plane parallel vwith and passing through the axis of the driving-shaft, certain portions being in elevation.

Fig. 2 is a section at a right angle to Fig. l, taken on the line 2 '2 in that figure. Fig. 3 is a section on the broken line 3 3 in Fig. l, seen in the direction indicated by the arrows and showingcertain portions in face view. The dotted lines show the outlines of the cage and its' connections. Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4 4 in Fig. l and shows the drumin end elevation.

Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in allthe figures.

The construction and arrangement of the hangers A, forming portions of the framing,- the shaft B, driven drum C, and ball-bearings B' C' therefor will be readily understood and need notbe specifically described.

At the mid-length ofthe shaft B is a pinion D, having its hub or boss d extended in both directions and held inplacc by the pins d'.

vThe extensions form seats for two toothed rings E and F, 'of diiferent diameters, joined to the pinion D by pins cl2, compelling all to turn together with the shaft B and forming in effect three pinions D, E, and F of diering diameter.

On the inner end of each sleeve A', extending inward from the hangers A, is fixed a three-armed spider A2, thebranches extending radially and at equal distances from each other and carrying each a boss A2, having a triangular web A4, fastened by screws a to a iixed retaining-ring A5, one on each vside and each the counterpart of the other. The spiders A2 are joined by short studs A6, passing through the bosses A3 and carrying on their overhung ends rollers A7,. to be presently described.

G is one of a pair of end plates, joined to its companion by rigid Vstay-rods G' G2, the latter performing the additional function of supporting the tubular counter-shafts carrying the intermediate gears, the whole forming a frame or cage held against rotation by the rollers A7, extending through openings g in the end plates, and held against displacement axially by the anges AS on the rollers, lying incontact with the inner faces of the plates. Each of the latter is provided with a central concentric opening g', and one, the rightin Fig. l, receives an eccentric H, formed on the inner face of a disk H',loosely held by a Iiange A9 on the retaining-ring A5 and rotatable therein by means to be described.

The stay-rods G2 are provided at each end with a head G3, secured thereto by pins g2 and fitted in corresponding openings in the end plates G. The inner faces of the heads are turned to form cones G4, which with the hardened-steel rings I form raceways for a series of interposed antifriction-balls J. The

rings I vare secured each in a recess turned out in the ends of the tubular shafts L, M, and N, provided at the mid-length with pinions L', M', and N', matching, respectively, to the pinions D, E, and F on the drivingshaft B, and also carry at each en d gears L2, M2, and N2, of equaldiameter, adaptedV to mesh when required with two pinions C2, one at each side, formed, by cutting a' series `of teeth on the periphery of an inwardly-extending sleeve C2', cast in one with each end plate G4 of the drum C and loosely inclosing the ixed sleeve A', as shown.

IOO

It will be seen that as either pinion D, E, or E on the. driving-shaft B is engaged by its corresponding pinion L', M', or N' the transmitted motion will be again transferred by the tubular shaft L, il, or N through the gears L2, M2, or N2 and pinions C2 to the drum C and the latter will be revolved, the rate of speed relatively to the shaft B depending on the ratio of the pinions making up each train.

If the train of gearing consisting of the pinion D, having forty-three teeth, meshing into the pinion L2, having twenty-nine teeth, the pinion L2 on the same shaft, with fortythree teeth, meshing into the drum-pinion C2, with twenty-nine teeth, the number of revolutions of the drum C relatively to the shaft B will be as 1,819 to 811. The next train, consisting of the pinion E, having forty teeth, intermediate pinion M', having thirtytwo teeth, the pinions M2 and C2 being as before, gives a ratio of 1,720 to 92S, and the remaining train, consisting of the pinion E, having thirty-seven teeth, with the interinediate pinion N', having thirty-five teeth, produces with the gears N2 and C2, same as above, the ratio of 1,591 to 1,015, or, first, 2.10 to 1; second, 1. S5 to 1, and, third, 1. 57 to l, approximately. As shown in the drawings, all the pinions L2, M2, and N2 are the same in diameter and mesh with the drum-pinions C2 without distinction.

The engagement of either train is effected by partially rotating the disk H' until the eccentric thereon moves the cage to the required position. The mechanism through which this is accomplished may be described as follows: On the outer face of the disk are three lugs R, similar to ratchet-teeth, equally spaced circumferentially, but at diiferent distances radially from the center, and arranged with their working faces in the same direction. On the outer face C4 of the drum C are three seginentallyshaped dogs S, having their ends properly formed to engage the lugs and lying in closely-fitting slots cut. in the end piate C4. The dogs are hinged at the opposite end to the face-plate at s and are held normally away from the face and out of engagement with the lugs by springs s', attached to the face-plate, with their free ends in the notches s2, cut to receive them in the dogs S.

T T are sleeves inclosing the stud A10 and arranged to slide axially thereon against the force of springs and for compactness telescoping one within the other, as shown. Each is provided with an oblique slot receiving a screw t', tapped into the stud, and a chain or other connection t2, leading to any convenient point on the framing within the reach of the rider, by which either sleeve may be pulled axially on the stud against the force exerted by the spring 1f. Each sleeve carries a radial arm t3, having an antifriction-roller t* in its outer end. By reason of the oblique slot and screw t' the axial movement of the sleeve also produces a partial rotation on the stud and turns t-he arm t3 into the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, with its roller in the path of its corresponding dog S, and the latter in passing will be pressed inward, so that its working face will engage its lug R and through the latter turn the disk Il' until the dog is released by passing out of the iniiuence of roller. The first effect of the turning motion is to throw out of engagement any previously-engaged train. This will be accomplished by one-sixth of a complete revolution, and on reaching the predetermined point at which the dog is released one-third of a revolution, as here shown, the eccentric H will have gyrated the cage carrying the several trains to the position in which one of the pinions L', M', or l corresponding to the chain pulled will mesh with its pinion D, E, or E on the driving-shaft, and the correspondingratio be established.

Iirorder to allow the rider to disengage all the trains without substituting another, I provide a second series of lugs U on the disk within the others, but equally spaced and each at the same radial distance from the center. Either of these maybe engaged by a dog V, similar in all respects to one of the dogs S above described, but extending only onesixth of the eircu inference of its circle instead of one-third, as in the others, and actuated by a sleeve XV, having an arm w3 and roller 104, operated by a pull on the chain 102, as before. The engagement with either lug U turns the disk H' one-sixth of a revolution and gyrates the cage into a position in which the gears and pinions are all out of mesh, and therefore leaves the drum C free to revolve in its bearings C' entirely independent of the driving-shaft B and its connections. The bicycle is then in the best condition for coasting. The intermediate trains of gearing are to be thrown into and out of engagement or substituted one for another as the inclination or condition may dictate, as will be understood. The rider is enabled bythe peculiar mechanism shown to change from one speed to either of the others indiscriminately and without throwing into gear any but the ti'ain desired.

The holes g, receiving the rollers A7, are of sufficient diameter to allow all the required gyratory motion of the cage while still held between the iianges A8 on the rollers and the disk Il'.

K is a spring dog orlatch having the faces of its head K' beveled, as shown, to match the beveled notches h produced in the periphery of the disk H', properly spaced to engage and hold the latter in either position determined by the dogs S and V and their lugs with sufficient force to insure against accidental disengagement, but having the angles of the faces and notches at such inclination as will release the disk under the strong force exerted by the dogs S and V.

Modifications may be made in the forms IOO IIO

IIS

and proportions Without departing from the principles of the invention or sacrificing its advantages.

A greater or less numberof trains of intermediate gearing may be employed instead of the three shown, and the ratios may be changed.

I claiml. In changeable gearing, the drive-shaft, av plurality of pinions of differing diameters fixed on the shaft, adruni or Wheel mounted concentrically `With said shaft and carrying an inwardly-projecting sleeve having a pinion thereon, in combination With the iXed sleeves inclosing said shaft,spiderframes carried by said fixed sleeves, retaining-rings secured to the spider-frames, the disks mounted on the said drum-sleeves and guided at their peripheries by the said rings, eccentrics carriedvby the disks, a cage gyrated by the eccentrics and carrying a plurality of countershafts equipped with pinions of di'lfering diameters adapted tomesh With the said driveshaft pinions, and gears adapted to mesh with the said drum-pinions, all substantially as herein specified.

2. The fixed vsleeves A', spider-frames A2- and retaining-rings A5, carried thereby, the studs A6, rollers A7 and flanges A8 on the latter, in combination With a disk H guided in one of said retaining-rings and carrying an veccentric H, a cage gyrated by the latter and carrying a plurality of counter-shafts equipped With pinions of differing diameters as L, M' and N and gears L2, M2 and N2, a drive-shaft B having pinions DE and F of differing diameters matching said counterpinions, and an inclosing drum C having inwardly-projecting sleeves C3 and pinions C2 carried on the latter and adapted to be engaged by said gears L2, M2 and N2, all substantially as herein specified.

3. In changeable gearing, a drive-shaft, a plurality of pinions of differing diameters iixed thereon, a drum or Wheel mounted concentrically with said shaft and carrying inwardly projecting sleeves having pinions thereon,a plurality of counter-shafts each carrying an intermediate Apinion of diering diameter adapted to mesh With said-shaft-pinions, and mounted in a cage adapted to be shifted to effect the engagement of either intermediate pinion With its shaft-pinion, a

` disk H and eccentric H thereon for shifting said cage, the lugs R on said disk, the dogs S 588,316 y p s carried by the drum and adapted to engage each its respective lug and thereby partially rotate the disk to engage the corresponding train of gearing and means for depressing either of said dogs at will, all substantially as herein specified.

4. In changeable gearing, a drive-shaft, a plurality of pinions of diering diameters fixed thereon, a drum or Wheel mounted concentrically With said shaft and carrying in- War'dly projecting sleeves having pinions thereon, a plurality of counter-shafts each carrying an intermediate pinion of differing diameter adapted to mesh With said shaft-pinions, and mounted in a cage adapted to be shifted to effect the engagement of either intermediate pinion with its shaft-pinion, a disk H and eccentric H thereon for shifting said cage, thelugs R on said disk, and dogs S carried hy th`e drum and adapted to engage each its respective lug and thereby partially rotate the disk to engage the corresponding train of gearing, and the sleeves-T and arms t2 and rollers t4 thereon and means as the oblique slots and screws t therein for engaging said dogs With their respective lugs by-an endwise movement of said sleeves, all substantially as herein specified.

5. In changeable gearing, a drive-shaft, a plurality of pinions of differing diameters fixed thereon, a drum or Wheel mounted concentrically With said shaft and carrying inwardly-projecting sleeves having pinions thereon,a plurality of counter-shafts each carrying an intermediate pinion of differing diameter adapted to mesh with said shaft-pinions, and mounted in a cage adapted to be shifted to effect the 'engagement of either intermediate pinion With its shaft-pinion, a disk l-I and eccentric H thereon for shifting the cage, the lugs U on said disk and the dog V carried on the drum and adapted to engage either of said lugs and thereby partially rotate the disk todisengage either of the trains of gearing and allow the said drum to revolve independently of said drive-shaft, all s ubstantially as herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

LUTHER G. BILLINGS.

Witnesses J. P. FIRENG, JOHN A. DELvEs.

ICO

Images