US576532A - George guillaume andre - Google Patents
George guillaume andre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US576532A US576532A US576532DA US576532A US 576532 A US576532 A US 576532A US 576532D A US576532D A US 576532DA US 576532 A US576532 A US 576532A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- guillaume
- andre
- george
- nitroglycerin
- solvent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229940014995 Nitroglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid ethyl ester Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HWJHWSBFPPPIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CCOCC HWJHWSBFPPPIPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol Chemical group CC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1O ZXVONLUNISGICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 4
- OMFNSKIUKYOYRG-MOSHPQCFSA-N Drotaverine Chemical compound C1=C(OCC)C(OCC)=CC=C1\C=C/1C2=CC(OCC)=C(OCC)C=C2CCN\1 OMFNSKIUKYOYRG-MOSHPQCFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940120060 Heroin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GVGLGOZIDCSQPN-PVHGPHFFSA-N Heroin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)OC(C)=O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4OC(C)=O GVGLGOZIDCSQPN-PVHGPHFFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002069 diamorphine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KHLVKKOJDHCJMG-QDBORUFSSA-L disodium;(2E)-3-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-sulfonato-1H-indol-2-ylidene)-1H-indole-5-sulfonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].N/1C2=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C(=O)C\1=C1/NC2=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])C=C2C1=O KHLVKKOJDHCJMG-QDBORUFSSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
Definitions
- nitrocellulose either in the soluble form (as diuitrocellulose) or in the insoluble form, (as trinitrocellulose,) has been used in combination with nitroglycerin as a .n ingredient in explosives for blasting'pu'rposs and more recently in smokeless gunpowder. It has also been proposed to make explosives consisting of nitroglycerin and trinitrocelluaccidentally present. and partly sometimes purposely added,) the solution and thorough combination of the ingredients being effected by 'heat and heavy pressure, together with a small amount of a suitable solvent, such as acetone or acetic ether, or by such solvent alone at the ordinary temperature or slightly above it. Now it has been discovered, by a.
- nitrocellulose compounds with nitroglycerin As is well known in the manufacture of nitrocellulose compounds with nitroglycerin, 4 it is of comparatively small importance, except for practical convenience, whether the solvent is first added to guncotton (trinitrocellulose) for dissolving it and then combining the solution with collbdion-cotton (dinitrocellulose) and nitroglycerin, the two latter ingredients being already combined or not, or whether the solvent is first added to the nitroglycerin and then the guncotton and then the collodion'cotton' added, or whether the compound or mixture of the highly-nitrated and of the less highly-nitrated cellulose is first treated with the solvent and then mixed with the nitroglycerin.
- the'nitro'glycerin is only able to dissolve the dinitrocellulose, while the acetone or acetic ether dissolves the triuitrocellulose.
- the manufacture is by preference carried on at the ordinary temperature.
- the gelatinous inass resulting from a sufiicient knead. ing of the compound may then be granulated by the usual means.
- ingredients named may $150 be incorporated suitable material in small proportions for modifying the explosiveness and for protecting againstatm ospheric infi liences, shellac, or graphite, all of such purposes.
- a Jglb$1jfllg iially smokeless explosive consisting of 'trixl' izocellulose, dinitroqellulose and uitrngly ing tough, leathery, and translucent, and characterized by its combines q a t e a t rate of combustion, yield of gase non-6X11- in the proportions substantia'lly as heroin flicscri'bsii, Said explosiv bep dation of the nitroglycerin, and i C s a ce- GEORGE GUILLAUME ANDRE.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
centers UNITED 1 STAT s To all whom it may concern.-
" and useful Improvements in the Manufacture .oi-Gunpowdcr, (for which I have received its physical qualities from those obtained from the use of mainly one variety of nitrolose with a small proportion of dinitro, (partly about two parts by weight of trinitrocelluglycerin all thoroughly combined by the aid of the explosive consist in that it burns at PATENT "met.
GEORGE GUILLAUME ANDRE, or G LENLEAN SANDBANK, NEAR GREENOCK, SCOTLAND, AssIeNoR T0 CHARLES HERBERT CURTIS, OF LONDON,
ENGLAND.
MANUFACTURE OF GUNPOWDER.
SPECIFICATION forming part'o't'lettrs 'Patent No. 576,532, dated February 9,:1 1 89 7,
Application filed May 6, 1892. Serial No. 432,045- (No spa Be it known that], GEORGE GUILLAUME ANDRE, civil engineer, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Glenlean Sandbank, near G-reenock, in the county of Ron;
frew, Scotla'hd, have invented certain'new Letters Patent in Great Britain No. 11,383, hearing date July 4, 1891;) and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will pertains to make and use the same.
Heretofore nitrocellulose, either in the soluble form (as diuitrocellulose) or in the insoluble form, (as trinitrocellulose,) has been used in combination with nitroglycerin as a .n ingredient in explosives for blasting'pu'rposs and more recently in smokeless gunpowder. It has also been proposed to make explosives consisting of nitroglycerin and trinitrocelluaccidentally present. and partly sometimes purposely added,) the solution and thorough combination of the ingredients being effected by 'heat and heavy pressure, together with a small amount of a suitable solvent, such as acetone or acetic ether, or by such solvent alone at the ordinary temperature or slightly above it. Now it has been discovered, by a. series of experiments extending over a long period of time, that a compound containing lose, the so-called insilsble nitrocellulose, and one part by weight of dinitrocellulose (the so-called soluble nitrocellulose) forms a base which, in combination with nitroof-a suitable solvent, such as acetone or acetic ether, giveh a product differing materially in cellulose, and one which is more suitable as a gunpowder. This product is translucent, tough, and leathery and in use practically s1nokeless;-but the essential characteristic features of the product obtained by proportioning the trinitro and dinitro constituents.
such a rate and yields sucha volume of gases Nitroglycerin .l. 40
cimeusd Patented in nllglfllld July 4, 1891, No. 11,383.
that together give sufiicient velocity to the projectile without giving rise to dangerous or excessive pressures within the firearm, rendering the use of the explosivep'rfectly safe, a desideratum that has long been sought, and is still the great difi'iculty manufacturers have to donten'd'with. Moreover, by. proportioning the nitro'constituents as described there is 'no exudation of nitroglycerin, as is the case with many of this class of explosives, and particularly with the smokeless explosives manu-, factured by. the Abel process.
' The following weight proportions form suit able compounds: I 6
. 3 Per cent. Per cent. Insoluble nitrated cotton 40 Soluble nitrated cotton... 20
. 100 100 The amount of acetone necessary for dissolving the insoluble nitrated cotton would be in the first case about thirty parts and in the second about forty. a
As is well known in the manufacture of nitrocellulose compounds with nitroglycerin, 4 it is of comparatively small importance, except for practical convenience, whether the solvent is first added to guncotton (trinitrocellulose) for dissolving it and then combining the solution with collbdion-cotton (dinitrocellulose) and nitroglycerin, the two latter ingredients being already combined or not, or whether the solvent is first added to the nitroglycerin and then the guncotton and then the collodion'cotton' added, or whether the compound or mixture of the highly-nitrated and of the less highly-nitrated cellulose is first treated with the solvent and then mixed with the nitroglycerin. In all cases, as is well known, the'nitro'glycerin is only able to dissolve the dinitrocellulose, while the acetone or acetic ether dissolves the triuitrocellulose.
The manufacture is by preference carried on at the ordinary temperature. The gelatinous inass resulting from a sufiicient knead. ing of the compound may then be granulated by the usual means. f The solvent having evaporated or been otherwise removed by.
ICO
'known means, the material is ready for use.
5 such as paraflin', which are well known for i -I claim-r}, V
With the ingredients named may $150 be incorporated suitable material in small proportions for modifying the explosiveness and for protecting againstatm ospheric infi liences, shellac, or graphite, all of such purposes.
1. Infthe' manufacture of substantially smoke es's explosivesa base consisting of two '10 parts of titinitrocellulose and one part of dinitrocellulose, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. v 1
3, A Jglb$1jfllg iially smokeless explosive consisting of 'trixl' izocellulose, dinitroqellulose and uitrngly ing tough, leathery, and translucent, and characterized by its combines q a t e a t rate of combustion, yield of gase non-6X11- in the proportions substantia'lly as heroin flicscri'bsii, Said explosiv bep dation of the nitroglycerin, and i C s a ce- GEORGE GUILLAUME ANDRE. Witnesses:
.Gno. J. B! FRANKLIN;
WALTER J. SKEBTEN,
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US576532A true US576532A (en) | 1897-02-09 |
Family
ID=2645224
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US576532D Expired - Lifetime US576532A (en) | George guillaume andre |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US576532A (en) |
-
0
- US US576532D patent/US576532A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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