US574633A

US574633A - senior

Info

Publication number: US574633A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1897-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1914-01-05

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

. J. SENIOR.

APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND STONING GRAIN.

No. 574,638. Patented Jan. 5, 1897.

Rgl 11 3 k (NovM deL) 2 Sheets.-Sheet 2-.

v J. SENIOR. APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND STORING GRAIN.

' Patented Jan. 5, 1897'.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH SENIOR, oF WAKEFIELD, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR WASHING AND STONING GRAIN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,633, dated January 5, 1897. Application filed May 6, 1895. Serial No. 548,307. (No model.) Patented in England May 1, 1893 No. 8,702.

T0 at whont it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOSEPH SENIOR, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at YVakefield, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for \Vashing and Stoning Grain, (for which I have obtained a patent in Great Britain, No. 8,702, dated May 1, 1893,) of which the followingis a specification.

My invention relates to that class of apparatus for washing and stoning grain in which two or more cylinders, each having an internal spiral web or groove, are arranged in an inclined position and have an intermittent or continuous rotary or oscillating motion imparted to them, through which cylinders the grain is caused to travel with a suitable flow of water, the stones or other heavy foreign substances in the grain meanwhile becoming deposited in the said internal spiral groove or grooves and passing out at one end, while the grain passes out at the opposite end of each cylinder. The said cylinders have hitherto generally been made of copper or metallic substance with the internal spiral web or rib brazed thereto, and they have in consequence been expensive as regards both material and manufacture and complicated in construction.

My invention has for its object to lessen the cost of such cylinders and simplify their construction and manufacture; and to this end I make them in the manner hereinafter described from glazed earthenware, the internal spiral Web or rib being formed integrally therewith and having a face perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and a face inclined to such axis.

To enable my invention to be fully understood, I will describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of an apparatus for washing and stoning grain provided with my improved cylinders, the section being taken on the line a a, Fig. 2, which is an end elevation of the said apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal section of one of the earthenware cylinders drawn to an enlarged scale. Fig. 3 is a view of the gearing, also drawn to a larger scale, which I prefer to employ for driving the said cylinders in order to impart an oscillatory rotating motion thereto. Fig. 3 is a View showing the reverse side of the cam forming part of said gearing. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of an apparatus I employ in the manufacture of my improved cylinders; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line b b of the same. Fig. 6 is an elevation of my improved cylinder when finished ready to be fitted to the remaining part of the grain washing and stoning machine.

Similar letters of reference denote corresponding parts in each view.

Each cylinder 0 is made of earthenware, preferably in one piece, and having the in ternal spiral Web or rib 0 formed thereon or made integral therewith.

I find it convenient to manufacture the earthenware cylinder 0 in the following manner: By means of an ordinary sanitary pipemaking machine I press or mold a plain cylinder having an external diameter of the size required for the cylinder 0 and an internal diameter corresponding to that of the thread or spiral Web 0 to beformed in the cylinder.

I allow this clay or earthenware cylinder to become Well dried, 'after which I place it in the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. This apparatus comprises a vertical'standD, having a head d forming a nut in which works a spindle E, having a spiral thread 6, corresponding to the pitch of the screw-thread or web 0 required to be made in the cylinder 0. To the top of the spindle E is fixed a handwheel G, and at the lower end is fixed an adjustable cutter H, having its cutting edge made of the shape required to form the thread or web a, the upper face of which I prefer to make perpendicular to the axis of thecylinder, while the lower face is inclined to such axis as shown, in order that the Water may flow over each of the spirals from the upper end of the cylinder, so that the flood of water in passing over the spirals shall constantly rise and fall over every coil. Each one is differently constructed to have more and more incline, so as to allow the current of water to gradually rise over the last spiral before its gravity is spent. The spirals are so con structed by the cutter H, which cuts the first spiral deep and gradually diminishes the depth, being adjustable to cut a spiral of the depth required,as, for instance, one and threequarters inches, diminishing to one inch. On the stand D is mounted a hinged cylindrical case F. \Vithin this case I place the dried clay or earthenware cylinder O, and then turn the hand-wheel G, when the spindle E will cause the cutter ll to cut away the clay and thereby form the thread 0, as represented at Figs. 1 and 6. Asmall oblong openiugis cut through the cylinder C at 0 and the thread 0 extends up to the same, the interior of the upper end of the cylinder C being cut away, preferably by the rectangular cutter f, (shown attached to the spindle E.) The interior of the lower end of the cylinder 0 is also cut away and has three studs or projections 0 formed in it, as shown at Fig. 5, and which fit into the boxj, Fig. 1. The cylinder 0 is then burned and salt-glazed in a similar manner to a saltglazed sanitary pipe, and is then ready tobc titted to the apparatus.

One end of the cylinder 0 fits into a box having its bearing on a divided feed-pipe K, fixed to the stand Z of the apparatus. The other end of the cylinder is fitted to a box or flanged ring m, the boss of which is fixed to and carried upon a shaft 19, to which is fitted a toothed wheel q. The toothed wheels q of the two cylinders are driven by a cam-wheel r, mounted upon a shaft .9, to which are fitted fast and loose pulleys. The cam is somewhat of the shape of a C and works into the teeth of the wheels on either side of it, catching a fresh tooth at each revolution in a well-known manner. The shaft of the cam-wheel r is horizontal, but the shafts of the toothed wheels q are at an angle thereto, so that the cam only comes into contact with the upper part of the wheels 1 and does not engage the lower part of the same. The cam is flattened at s, so that at each revolution it imparts an oscillating motion to the cylinders, whereby the stones or hard materials are shaken into the bottoms of the spiral threads of the cylinders and are prevented from adhering to the sides of the cylinders or from being carried away by the current of water.

The divided pipe K has a feed branch L and a water branch k which latter communicates with a reservoir '1. The grain is fed in at 71; and the water at 76*. As the cylinders revolve and oscillate the stones or heavy foreign substances are deposited in the groove formed by the web or rib c and are carried back under the water and fall through the hole 0 into the receptacle 1. At the same time the grain is carried by the flow of water down the cylinder G and is delivered at the lower end into the receptacle w and thence into any receptacle. The overflow of water from the receptacle 10 passes into a receptacle w and through the bottom thereof into a receptacle 10 carrying with it light grains and other material that swim on the top of the water.

It will be obvious that any suitable kind of clay can be used for the manufacture of my improved cylinder, and if preferred the cylinder can be incased with iron or other metal.

Although I have described the thread or rib c in the cylinder 0 as being formed bya specially-constructed cutting apparatus, I would have it understood that the said thread can, if required, be formed by means of a metal core.

I have demonstrated by practical experi ments that the use of earthenware cylinders having the internal glazed surface and inwardly-projectin g spiral rib, as herein described, gives advantageous results not accomplished by cylinders composed of any other material. W'here metallic cylinders are employed, theysoon become foul, and the continual wear of the grit and foreign material from the grain will wear through the metal in a comparatively short time, thereby destroying the utility of the cylinder. My improved earthenware cylinders are constantly clean and sweet, and on account of the glazed surface there is no corrosion whatever and no wear, as the grit makes no impression upon the glazed surface of the cylinder. The form of the internal threads which I employ being straight on one side and inclined upon the other, both surfaces being of course finely glazed, causes a considerably better separation of the grain from the grit-stones and other heavy materials, as the grain will ride over the glazed surfaces of the rib much more readily than over wood or metal. As a consequence of the use of these cylinders, very much less Water is required for separating the grain than is ordinarily required where other cylinders are used, and this is an important consideration, as these machines are often employed where the water-supply is scarce.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In a machine for washing and stoning grain, a hollow cylinder of earthenware having its interior provided with an inwardlyprojecting spiral web or rib, the interior surface of said cylinder and the surface of said web being glazed, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a machine for washing and stoning grain, a hollow cylinder of earthenware having its interior provided with an inwardlyprojecting spirally-arranged web, one side of said web being perpendicular to the inner face of the cylinder and the other side being disposed angularly thereto, the interior of said cylinder, and said web being glazed substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a machine for washing and stoning grain, a hollow cylinder of earthenware having its interior provided with a spirally-ar ranged web, one side of said web being per pendicular to the inner face of the cylinder and the other side being disposed angularly thereto, said web increasing in height from one end of the cylinder to the other, the interior surface of said cylinder and the surface of said Web being glazed substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a machine for Washing and stoning grain the combination with an inclined revoluble earthenware cylinder provided interiorly with a spiral Web and having its interior including said web, glazed, devices for feeding Water and grain to the upper end of said cylinder, means for imparting rotary motion to said cylinder and means for oscillating said cylinder at intervals during its revolutions, substantially as described.

5. In a machine for Washing and stoning grain, the combination with a pair of .inclined revoluble earthenware cylinders, each having an internal spiral Web, and having its interior, including said Web, glazed, feeding devices for feeding Water and grain to said cylinders gear-Wheels connected with said cylinders for revolving the same and a disk provided with a spiral cam engaging the gear- Wheels of both cylinders for revolving said cylinders simultaneously substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a machine for Washing and stoning grain, the combination with a pair of inclined revoluble earthenware cylinders, each having an internal spiral Web and having its interior including said Web glazed, feeding devices for feeding Water and grain to said cylinders, gear-Wheels connected with said cylinders for revolving the same, a spiral