US574610A - Gas-engine - Google Patents

Description

(No Modl.) l.2 sh'eets-sheet 1.

G. JoRANsoN.

GAS ENGINE.

THE NcRRls PETERS cn.. wAsHINaraN, n. c.

Patented Jan. 5, 1897.

(No Model.) 2 Sheena-sheet 2.

@.1 JoRANsoN. GAS ENGINE.

PatentedJam, 1.897.

nl: NoRRIs PETERS co, wAsHma-rnn, o. L.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

eus'rArJoRANsoN, or iiERwYm-ILLINOIS.

@As-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters-Patent No. 574,610, dated January 5, 1897.

Application led September 20,1895. Serial No. 563,053. (No model.) l

lTo all whm it mag/concern:

Beit known that I, GUsTAF JoRANsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Berwyn, in the county of Cook and State of-Illi- 5 "nois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Engines, (Case No. 1,) of which the' following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description,v reference being had to this specification'.

My invention `relates to a gas or oil engine, my object. being to' provide means for opening and Aclosing the exhaust-valve, and, furthermore, to provide a pump adapted to be actuated at proper intervals to force theoil into the ignition vor mixing chamber.

In gas-engines, as usually constructed, a working stroke. occurs only during each altern ate cycle, an explosion taking place, which drives the piston forward, the 'return' stroke of thefpiston being utilized to eject theexplodedy gas from thecylinder,'while a' second stroke creates 'a s'uctionto draw a fresh supply of gas and air 4into the cylinder, the explosion taking place lupon lthe subsequent return of the pistonI to the 4initial position. Since the exhaust-valve must be opened only on each second stroke, some means for causin g the opening of the valve once during each two. strokes m ust be provided, and it has been usual to employ gear-wheels for secu ring the proper movement. y It is the object of my the opening of the exhaust-valve at the proper time without the ein pleyment of gear-wheels, whichlare. troublesome and hard to keep in repair, and I utilize the pressure within the cylinder for eiecting, through intermediate mechanism, the open in g of the'exhaust-valve.

In'the'preferre'd form or my invention I employ a cam mounted upon the main shaft of the engine, the cam b'eing adapted to engage a roller carried -upon the end of the longitudinally-moving valverod,` which carries the exhaust-valve;` The valve-rod.' is made in two parts, the one carrying the roller being adapted to continuously move to and fro, while the part carrying the valve remains normally at rest, being -moved only when a pin or projection is inserted between the two parts, whereby the longitudinal movethe accompanying drawings, forming apart of invention to secure parted to the portion upon which the-valve is mounted. In order to secure the interposi' tion of the pin or projection between the two parts of the-valve-rod at the proper moment,

the pin is connected, through-intermediate opened at the proper time to permit the cscape of the exploded gases.A vI-also utilize lthe varying pressure within the cylinder of the engine for operating the pump which forces the oil into the i gnition-chamber. Au admission-port is .provided through which the fair and oil are admitted into the mixing-chaml ber, the port being normally closed by a valve, wh ich, when a partial vacuum is formed `within the cylinder as the piston moves forj ward, is drawn from its seat bythe suction, thus opening the port for the admission of theair and oil. The plungerfot the pump is connected' with the valve, so that as the valve moves, due to the suction, the plunger is thrust into its barrel to force the oil into the ignition-cham ber.

i I. providea governor-.which responds to` changes of'l speed for controlling 'the stroke of the pump, the governor preferably acting to vary the tension ot'a spring opposing the movement of the inlet-valve, the pump-plunger being mounted to movewith the inletvalve. The extent to which the pump-pluri'- ger-is moved by the inlet-valve thus depends upon the tension of the spring. In practice I find it desirable to provide'for a slight free; dom of movement between the pum p-plungerv and the inlet-valve, so that when the speed is a maximum and the inlet-'valve is unable to move the pump-plunger against the tension -.of the spring the inlet-valve may move relatively to the pump-plan ger to permit the partial opening ofthe inlet-valve and thus admit air to the cylinder; otherwise the engine-pis'- ton would create a vacuum, thus necessitating the waste of considerable power in movment ofthe part carrying the roller is im .ing the piston forward. The governor -acts ICO constantly upon the inlet-valve and the pumpplunger, the tension of the spring being contin uously varied in exact aecordancenvith the change ofv speed of the engine. The governor is thus of the continuous-contact type as distinguished from that class in which thc governor acts at intervals to control the speed according as it rises aboveor decreases below definite values. .By the employment of a continuous-contact governor the quantity of explosive material drawn into the cylinder is exactly proportional to the power tc bedeveloped. b

l I will describe my invention -by reference tothe-accom'panying drawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical sectional view of a specific form of engine embodying my inven-A tion. Fig. 2 is a top view thereof. Fig. 3 is a view in elevation. Fig. 4 is an end view. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view through the cylinder and ignition-chamber. Fig. 6

diagrammatically illustrates the relative movements of the crank of the engine and the cam efectin g the actuation of the exhaustvalve. Fig. 7 is a sectional View showing in detail the connection between the parts of the exhaust-valve rod. Fig. S is a detailed view of the cam and its engaging roller, Figs) and 10 are detail Views of the governor. i Like parts are designated by the same letters of reference in each of the several igures. r

Upon the shaft a of the engine is mounted .a cam a', against which a cam-roller a,

mounted upon the end of the valve-rod b, is adapted. to bear. The valve-rod b is adapted to move longitudinally in the bearings b' b2, and a coiled spring b3 rests between the bearing b' and a collar provided upon the Vvalverod to yieldingly press the 'valve-rod toward the cam.

' The end of the valve-rod @which is formed intoa tongue b", is adapted to movein aslot c', carried in the casting c. (See I `ig. 8.) The casting c is mounted upon the portion b5 of the valve-rod, and the latter passes through a stuffing-box into the exhaust-chamberd, and carries upon its end the exhaust-valve cl', adapted to seal the exhaust-port d2, opening from the ignition-chamber e into the exhaust-chamber d. A coiled spring b6 nor mally maintains the exhaustw'alve d' in position to seal the port d3. A pin c'2 isadapted to move within the casting c and normally rests with its end drawn back, so as to permit the tongue b4 to move freely within the slot c', a coiled spring cs being provided for maintaining the pin c2 in this position. \Vhen the pin c2 is thrust forward into the slot c', it is engaged by the end of the tongue' b4 upon the advance of the valve-rod b and the portion b of the valve-rod which carries the `castingc is moved to the left to raise the exvutilized for advancing t-he pin c2, the end .0f

the pin being connected by a link c4 withva pivoted lever c'", upon the end of which is mounted the rod e, carrying upon its end the piston c", adapted to move within the cylinder cg. The pressure within the engine-cylinder moves the smallpiston cT to rockthe lever cupon its pivot `rand thrust the pin e2 forward into the pat-h of the tongue b4.

The form of vthe earn a' is showni'u detail in FigrG, the camsurface bcingconeentrie between the points A and Il', likewise concentric between the pbintsll' and C', though with a greater radius. Between the points C and D' the radius ofthe cam gradually. increases until it is of a maximum length at the point D', the radius then graduallyvde--A The main shaft of creasing to t-he point A'. the en gine,upon which the crank and cam are mounted, as'shown in the several figures,

ing from D back to the initial position A.

'lhe construct-ion of the casting c and associated parts is illustrated in .detail in Fig. S, a cotter-pin c, carried upon the casting c, being adapt-ed to move in a slot b", provided in the end of the portion b5 of the valve-rod. While t-he'crank is traveling from A to B the pin c2 is thrust forward into the position illustrated in Fig. 8, the end of the tongue b occupyinghthe position indicated by the dotted lin'e inV Fig. 8, that is, out of engagemeutwith the pin c2. During this time the roller a2 is ill-engagement with the portion A B' of the cam, this portion being concentric and the tongue 'consequently remaining at rest.

.When the portion B' Cof the cam engages the roller. the tongue b4 is thrust forward and engages the pin c2,.t'lius locking the pin in. its advancedposition and preventing its.with

drawal should for any cause (such as the leak` age of the gas past the piston) the pressure upon the small piston ,c7-be removed. During the time the portion I3' C of the cam is in engagement with the roller the crank is traveling from I3 to C, and. at the point C the exhaustlvalve begins to open, the portion C' D' of the cam engaging the roller and moving the valve-rod b5 to the left. The exhaustvalve is completely open when the point D' of the cam is in enga-gement with the roller, at which time the crank occupies the position D. As the portion D" A of the cam engages the roller the exhaust-valve is gradually closed. The exhaust-valve thus begins to open when the erankis at the point C, is completely IIO opened Vwhenlthe crank is at the point D, and

is closed at-the end of the stroke, that is, when the-piston is returned-to its initial posi-tion'. y

cam. The pump g is connected by a pipe-g3 being then raised from its seat.

with a reservoir g4, from which extends an overow-pipe g5. The reservoir g4 comm unicates with the barrel ofra pump h, the pump h'being connected by'mea-ns of a pipe h with a pipe h2, extending to the adm'iesion-port.-Zr,-v

-opening into theignition-chamber e, said port k being normally closed by a valve k., v.An air-pipe .l communicates with the pipe hi..

5 The oil from the pum-p h and the air from the pipe l'pass through the port k into Athe ignition-chamber. a rod or stem k2, normally pressed'downward vby means of a coiled spring lo to maintain the* valve k' upon its seat. The lower end of the rod k2 is connected with a lever m, pivoted at m' and connected by its opposite end tothe plunger h3 of Athe'pump h. During the Worki ing stroke of the piston the valve vh' is maintained closed by the. pressure within the cylinder, and during the subsequent return stroke, while the exhaust is taking place, the valve it. remains closed, but upon the advance of the piston a partial vacuum is formed within the cylinder and lthe suction causes the movement of the valve lc inward, the valve ,The raising of the valve from its seat causes the turning of thev pivotedilever m upon its pivotm and thrusts the plunger h3 of the pump h downward, thus forcing the oil through the pipes h' I and vh2 into the ignition.- chamber. 'At the ball.

`ily-Wheel.

same time air is admitted through the pipe L and passes with the oil into the ignitionchamber. I provide a governor which acts to vary the stroke of thepluuger under varyingloads, -a-t the same time acting to control the movement ofthe inlet-valve.- The governor com" prises a pivoted lever o, carrying upon its end a ball o', a -spring o2 being provided for opposing the outward movement of the governor- Upon the lever ois provided a wedgeshaped portion o3, which is adapted torest between the hub of the ily-wheel and the wheel o, mounted upon the shaft a and being capable o f moving longitudinally thereon, a spring os'beiug provided for yieldingly maintainingthe' Wheel o4 toward .the hub of the The wheel o4 carries a beveled periphery adapted to engage the beveled end of a rod 19, lmoving vertically in the bearings p' p2, a spring p3 being provided for normally maintaining the rod p in an elevated position. The rod p is connected by its endi'o 'the end of the pivot-ed lever p4, jourualed at p5 to fractionally rotate. The opposite end -of lever p4 is connected by a spring p6 with the end of lever m. As the speed increases, due to. a decrease of the load, the governor- Upon the valve lo is mounted.

ball o' flies outward, thus thrustinglthe wedge- .shaped portion osbetween the hub of the fly- .required to raise the inlet-valvek' is thus increased, and in consequence the suction Withinthe cylinder is unable to move the inlet- ,valve and the plungerof the pump through as great a distance as before the tension of the spring p was in creased. When the speed of the engine decreases, the tension of the spring p6 is decreased and the movement of the inlet-valve and the stroke o f the pumpplunger. are increased.

While ,Ivv have illustrated my invention in' connection with a specific mechanical ,construction, it is evident that my invention may be otherwise' embodied, and I do not desire to limit myself to details of mechanical construction. l

Having described -Iny invention, what I claim `as new, and desire to secure by' Letters Patent, is l 1. In a gas-en gine, the combination with the :exhaust valve and actuating .connections therefor, of .a cam of irregular 'periphery mounted upon the main shaft of the engine,

a short portion of the periphery of saidcam being adapted to -lock and maintain said actuating connections of the valve in operative position, another and 4longer portion being adapted to open the valve,and the remaining and longest prtion permitting the closing vof the valve and the release of the actuating connections thereof, substantially as de- 2. In a gas-engine, vthe ccmbinationwith ignition-chamber e of the .exhaust-valve d', slotted casting c, rod b5 connect-ingthe exhaustvalve and the said casting, piston c7 moving in cylinder ca by the force of the explosion in -the ignition-chamber, pine2 actuated by the movement of the said'- piston to enter within the slot in casting c in the path of valve-rod roc IIO

b, valve-rod b' extending within the slot in Y casting c and cam d of irregular Aperiphery mounted upon the main shaft of the engine, a short portion of the p eripheryof said cam being adapted to lock and maintain the actu'- ating connections of the valve in operative position, another and longer portion bemg adapted to ope'n the valve, and the remaining and` longest portion permitting the closing of thevalve and the release of the actuating connections thereof, substantially as described.-V

3. The combination with a cam mounted upon the shaft of the engine, of a part carrying a cam-roller adapted to engage said cam and to be reciprocated thereby, an exhaustyalye, a longitudinally-movable part upon Which said valve is mounted, a slot carried in u the.end of `one of said parts within which a4 ment relatively to the exhaust-valve, -thel tongue b4 adapted to be reciprocated in the slotI c', the pin c2 adapted to be moved into the slot in the path of said .1'.ongue,` and, the cam a for reciprocating'said tongue and having the' concentric portion B' C adapted to maintain the end of thetongue in engagement with the pin c2 without' imparting longitudinal movement'to the rod b5; substantially as described.` l

5. The-combination with a part adapted to be moved by the suction within the enginecylinder, of a pump-plunger operated thereby, a spring opposing the movement of' said plunger, and a governor for regulating the tension 4of said spring; substantially as de'- scribed. p 4

G. The combination with an inlet-valve adapted to be moved by the suction within the engine-cylinder, ofv a pump-plunger operated thereby, and a governor for regulating the movement of the plunger and the inlet-- valve to control the quantity of explosive mixture adm it-ted t-o the en gine-cylinder; substantially as described."

7. The combination with an inletvalve adapted to be moved by-t he suction within the engine-cylinder, of a. pump-plunger, a spring opposing the movement of the inlet-valve and the plunger, and a governor for varying tho.

tension of said spring to control the quantity of explosive mixture drawn into the enginecylinder; substantially asv described.

S. The combination with an inlet-valve operated by the suction Withinthe enginecylinder,of a pump-plungermoved by said valve, a governor for controlling thestrokes of the pump-plunger and of the inletvalve,' and means for permitting a slight freedom of movement of the valve relatively to the plun-V ger to admit air to the engine-cylinder when the plunger remains at rc'st': substantially as described.

9. The combination with a longitudinallymovable Wheel or disk mounted upon the enmovable Wheel or disk mounted upon the cngine-shaft, of a wedge interposed between said wheel .and .a part mounted stationarily upon the engin e-shaft,said wedge when moved serving to im part longitudinal movement to said wheel or disk, a governor-ball for moving said wedge, a controlling-lever continuously in engagement with said longitudinally-movablc wheel land adapted to be operated by the longitudial movement of said Wheel, and an inlet-valve the stroke of which is controlled by the movement of said operating-lever; substantially as described.

11. In a gas-engine, the combination with the ignition-chamber e, of the exhaust-valve d', slotted casting c, rod b5 connecting the exhaust-valve and the said casting, piston c7 moving in cylinder c by the'force of the explosion in the ignition-chamber, pin c? actuated bythe movement of the said piston to enter'withinthe slot of casting c in the path of valve-rod b, valve-rod" Z1 extending Within the slot`in casting c, cam a.' mounted upon `.the main shaft of the engine, the peri phery of said cam being provided with portions A' C', C D and D A', the 'latter por- I tion beingrespectively of increasing and decreasing-radius, a short portion of the pe-- rphery A' lC being adapted to actuate the valve-rod to lock and maintain pino2 in po sition'when the said pin is forced Within the slot, portion C' B, being adapted to open the valve, and the longer portion B'A' permitting the closing of the valve'and the release of the actu atin g connections thereof, substantially as described, 1

TOO

v In witness Wheref I hereuntosubscribe my name thslth day of September, Ag'D. 1895.

GUSTAF JORANSON. Witnesses:

CARL H. PETERSON, W. CLvDE. JONES.

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