US574051A

US574051A - Steam boiler purnage

Info

Publication number: US574051A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1896-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 1913-12-29

Description

(No Model.)

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

- No. 574,051. Patented Dec. 29, 1896.

\YWQ

ATTORNEY 0 (No Model.)

2 sneets -sneet 2. E. J. WOOD. STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

N0. 574,051. Patented, Dec. 29'. 1896.

30000000000000 ooooooopoooooo nvmvron ATTORNEY THE "dams PETERS co. mom-urns wnsmumox, n. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

EDGAR J. \VOOD, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO MARGARET A.

WOOD, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 574,051, dated December 29, 1896. Application filed June 6, 1896. 1 Serial No. 594,500. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, EDGAR J. IVOOD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Brooklyn, Kings county, in the State of New York,

5 have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boiler Settings and in Devices to be Used Therewith, of which the following is a specification.

I will show and describe the invention as applied to a cylindrical boiler with a great number of small tubes traversing longitudinally the entire lowerportion. This common form of boiler is particularly well adapted for my invention, butthere may be modifications within considerable limits. I especially propose to use in some instances two large flues in place of the great number of small tubes. I provide for blowing in the air to be used in the combustion of the coal by a number of streams 2c of steam at moderate pressure. The ordinary eXhaust-steam from high-pressure engines, when the exhaust is restrained a little by being compelled to traverse heating-pipes, feed-heating devices, grease-separators, &c.,

or, in the absence of such, restrained a little by being driven through a contracted passage, will have sufficient pressure to effect my blowing underthe conditions which I provide.

1 place the blowing apparatus in the base 0 of a wall at the side of a boiler. The air thus inducted is led through two series of air-heating tubes, where the air is exposed to an active circulation of the hot gases resulting from he combustion. After the air has traverse d 5 one portion of the set, or one set from the front rearward, and has turned and traversed the other portion or set from the rear frontward it is sufficiently heated to materially infiuence the economy of the steam generating.

0 The air thus heated and blown is delivered into the ash-pit, and the main portion rises through the bed of fuel on the grate in the ordinary manner. Another portion of the air rises through a passage in the boiler-front 5 and is delivered into a thin casing which extends across over the fire-door, and is delivered therefrom into the upper portion of the furnace from the front either in a continuous sheet or preferably in a series of small streams. The gases thus fed with air and dry steam at a high temperature are conducted rearward under the boiler in the ordinary manner, except that the passage between the bottom of the boiler and the masonry or other fixed continuous parts below is deeper than usual, and 5 the portion thereof which is not occupied by the two series of heating-tubes described is filled up nearly to the boiler-shell with material in convenient form, which is adapted to endure the heatand is manufactured and ap- 6o plied in small sections cross-piled. Fire-brick fulfils the conditions. The gases after moving through this mass of open-work material turn at the rear and move forward through the tubes in the boiler and then are allowed to rise through the stack.

Theaccompanying drawings form a part of this specification and represent what I consider the best means of carrying out the invention with a single cylindrical tubular boiler.

Figure l is a vertical section on the line 1 1 in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the boiler with a section of some of the adjacent parts, on the line 2 2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the lower portion of the boiler-setting. It may be described as a horizontal section on the line 3 3 in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 4 4 in Figs. 1 and 8.

Similar letters of reference indicate corre- 8o sponding parts in all the figures where they appear.

A is the ground, and A A? the side walls of the boiler-setting.

B is a series of square pipes, preferably made in three or other convenient number of lengths, matched together so as to give continuous apertures through their lengths.

C'is a steam-pipe bringing steam from the exhaust-pipe of the engine or from other convenient source. It may come from the boiler at full pressure, with a valve 0 for shutting off the exhaust-steam and with a branch pipe 0* and a valve (L for bringing the live steam when it is considered expedient to use such. 5

. C O are parallel branches from the pipe O, and O are horizontal branches from these. The branches or short pipes 0 lead into the several square tubes B and are slightly contracted at their nozzles to jet the steam with force in the direction of. the length of the several pipes.

A passage 0, curved as shown in Fig. 3, leads the mixture of air and steam thus inducted inward nearly to the center line of the boiler, from whence it is delivered rearward through a series of cylindrical pipes D into a back chamber D. In this chamber the gases, if such we may term the mixture of steam and partially-heated air, turn and move forward through the other set of cylindrical pipes 1) into a chamber D in which they descend and pass into the ash'pit D through a sufficient passage D. All these parts yet described and a portion of the open work material to be presently described lie below the level of the boiler, and all the movements of the air thus 'far described are in the lower portion of the apparatus.

E is the open-work material, which, when similar parts have been used in other apparatus,have been often designated as checkerwork. The front portion should be firebricks. The rear portion may be the same, or they may be common bricks, or they may be masses of pig-iron or other convenient material which will have the property of readily absorbing and readily giving off heat. I prefer that the form of these parts be rectangular like bricks, and it is important that they may be placed together by cross-piling, so as to leave liberal spaces between. This checker-work lies on the pipes D and 'D and on the intermediate wall of solid masonry which separates them. It is also supported in part by ledges A, the first on the front of a rear wall A, which lies under the rear end of the boiler, and the latter 011 the rear face of the bridge, which latter stands in the usual position and maybe in all respects the same as an ordinary bridge, except for the passage under one side through which the hot air is admitted into the ash-pit.

G is the boiler, and G the series of tubes therein. G2 (l are the ordinary lugs by which it is supported 011 the side walls A A II is an upright pipe of iron or other suitable material leading upward in the boilerfront and connected at its upper end with a transverse casting I, which extends half across the front of the furnace, but, is of so little height that it can be readily accommodated in the space over the fire-door J. The rear of the casting I is adapted to eject the steam and air in a thin sheet or in a nearly equivalent series of small. jets into the upper portion of the furnace.

My apparatus requires no attention further than to occasionally regulate the valve C or the valve 0 and thus to control the force with which the steam is delivered through the nozzles It maybe found expedientwhile the draft is moderate to always close the cook or valve and entirely suppress the blasts of steam during the short periods while the firedoors are open to supply or stir the fire.

The checker-work performs a function somewhat different from that in which it is usually employed. Instead of absorbing heat continuously for a period and then giving it off again, as in various branches of manufacture, it maintains a uniform temperature dur ing the whole period while the boiler is 0perate d, with the exception of the very slight and rapidly-recurring changes which occur as the imperfectly-mixed air and the gaseous products of combustion move rearward from the furnace. My checker-work performs the difficult role of keeping itself heated by the excess of temperature in the flame, which prevails continuously throughout nearly the whole mass of the gases, and of imparting heat to raise the temperature to the burningpoint in any streaks or portions of such gases which may be moving away at too low a temperature. The movement of the mixed gases through the irregular passages of the checkerwork compels the mixing of the gases, and the gentle resistance offered by the checker-work to the movement of the gases insures that a portion shall be compelled to descend and traverse rearward through the spaces around the tubes D and D None of the gases can escape without passing through the first part of the checker-work even if they descend to traverse through the more liberal spaces under the middle portion of such work, and they cannot reach the back connection and rise to enter the boiler-tube without again passing through the rear portion of the checker-work.

It will be understood that the chamber at the rear, (marked D,) in which the mixed air and steam travel transversely across, and the passage at the front of the tubes D in which those gases gather and descend to go into the ash-pit, should be covered so as to be practically gas-tight.

I prefer that the checker-work shall be of uniform construction throughout, but it is important that it is not allowed to extend quite up into contact with the boiler. The relatively cool surfaces of the boiler absorb the heat of the gases rapidly, andin order to keep a luminous condition of the gases along those surfaces there should be a space of from half an inch to an inch and a half left clear between the checker-work and the correspondingly-curved surface of the boiler. The arched form of the covering of the back connection and the corresponding but transversely-arched form of the covering of the main body of the boiler need not be particularly described. These parts, withthe grates and the bearers for the latter and other adj uncts of the boiler, may be of any ordinary or suitable construction.

The wall A is provided with a liberal aperture a, but with this exception it is a tight wall. It not only aids by its frontledge A to support the rear part of the checker-work, as described above, but also aids to support the rear end of the boiler and closes the flue or passage at the rear of the boiler, so as. to compel the gases traveling along the high ICC and circulate between such tubes, substantially as herein specified.

2. The combination of a steam-boiler, a

closed furnace, two sets of air-heating pipes arranged to conduct the air first backward V and then forward under the boiler before its introduction into the furnace, and the steamnozzles G and connecting steam-pipes adapted to blow steam mingled with air through such pipes, all substantially as herein specified.

3. The combination of a steam-boiler, a furnace and furnace-wall, a series of steamblowing nozzles O with connections for supplying steam and a series of pipes B in the base of such wall arranged to perform the double function of a support for the wall and to constitute small passages for the blowing,

all arranged to serve substantially as herein specified.

4:. The combination of a steam-boiler, a closed furnace, provisions for blowing, and two sets of heating-pipes arranged to conduct the air first backward and then forward under the boiler before its introduction into the furnace, and the hollow casing I having little depth and being widely' extended laterally, arranged in the boiler-front with provisions for blowing therefrom into the gases near the top of the furnace, and the pipe I-I, arranged for supplying hot air at the required pressure to such casing, substantially as herein specified.

5. The combination of a steam-boiler having a closed furnace with checker-Work arranged as shown, and with air-heating pipes below and with the tubes 13 and the steampipes 0 within the branches of the latter for blowing and with the rear wall A with its aperture a, all adapted for joint service as herein specified.

In testimony that I claim the invention above set forth I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EDGAR J. WOOD. \Vitnesses:

J. B. OLANTIcE, M. F. BOYLE.