US570261A - Irush-machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 fiheets Sheet 1.

J. P. MUMFORD.

BRUSH MACHINE.

No. 570,261. Patented 0m. 27, 1896.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

" JZP. MUMPORD.

BRUSH MACHINE.

IHHIIIIIIIIIHI. HH HI M ,wgm, EH55? ATTORNEY.

(Nd Model.) a Sheets-Sheet a. J. F. MUMPOBID.

V BRUSH MAGHIEE.

N0. 570,261. Patented Got. 27, 1896.

NlTE TATES -ATENT' Fries.

sense-MACHI E.

sPEdiirldA'i ibfi forxning part of Letters Patent No. 570,261, dated October 2%, 1896.

' A ista ts a ar 10,1995. Serial a. 558,875. (no man i To all whom it may concern; I

Be it known that I, Josnrri F. Monronn,

a citizen of the. United 'States, residing in the city and county of Camden, State 6f New Jersey, have inventcd'a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Manufacturing Brushes, which improvement is fully set forth in the following specification and accompanying drawings.

My invention consists of a novel construction of machine for manufacturing brushes, in which the bristles or brush-stock employed are caused to be inserted between warps or a series of threads, which are afterward stitched transversely and treated with a suitable adhesive material, the resultant web being wrapped upon a brushhandle, to which a ferrule or binding-strip is suitably applied, the above operations being. performed me chanically and automatically, without necessitating additional attention on the part of the operator or attendanh.

It also consists of a novel construction of the hopperemployed andmeans for actuating certain portions of the same.

It also consists of novel means for supporting a bruslrhandle and inserting the same in place and causing it to be there retained.

It also-consists of novel means for giving to the ends of a brush a beveled contour.

It also consists of a novel clamping device for applying a bindingstrip to flat brushes.

It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter set forth.

Figure 1 represents a plan view of a machine for manufacturing paint and other brushes embodying my invention. .Fig. 2 represents a side elevation of the sanie, certain of the parts which would show in full lines in this figure being shown dotted for the sake of clearness of illustration. Fig. 3 represents a side elevation of a detached por tion of the machine, showingtlie mechanism for actuating the endless apron. Fig. 4 represents ahorizontal section taken on line orw, I ig. 2, showing the mechanism for actuating that portion of the mechanism which manipulates the bristles. Fig. 5v represents a front elevation of a detached portion of the machine, showing the mechanism for imparting the finishing steps to the brush in closed position.

the hopper-actuating mechanism. Fig. 8

Figs. 6 and 7 represent partial side elevations and partial vertical sections of represents an end view of a portion of said hopper-actuating mechanism. Fig. 9 repre-' sents a vertical section on line y ,Fig. 1.

Fig it? represents a perspective view of a layer of bristles secured by warp-threads and stitching.- Fig. 11 representsa vertical section on line a a, Fig. 12. Fig. 11% represents a perspectiveview of a detached portion of the machine, showing a recess therein for inserting brads into the finished brush. ,Fig. l1. represents a'vertical section on line w as, Fig. 12 represents a perspective view of a'layer of bristles secured by warpthreads and stitching and coated with an adhesive material. Fig. 13 represents a sectional view of a portion of a partly-finished brush. Fig. 1 1 represents a sectional view of a portion of afinished brush. Fig. 15 represents a perspective view of a portion of a flatbrush. Fig. 16 represents an elevation of a partly-finished brush. Fig. 17 represents a perspective view of a fe-rrnlezand a paint or other brush handle carrying the same.

Similarv letters and numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the frame of the machine, in which is journaled a main driving-shaft B, the latter being pro vided with a driving-pulley C. Secured to the shaft B is a drum D, around which passes an endless apron E, provided with pins F, which rise therefrom, so that the bristles G, to be formed into a brush and which are fed to said apron from hoppers II, J, and K, lie between each transverse rowof pins F, as shown at a in Fig. 1. (See also Fig. 9.)

The pins F serve to insure the proper feeding of the bristles G, supported on t-he'apron E, to certain parts which will be hereinafter referred to. p The endless apron E passes also around a drum L, secured to a shaft T, which is journaled in the frame A.

Secured to the shaft B is a sprocket-wheel M, around which passes a crossed chain N, the latter passing also around a sprocket wheel P, secured to a shaft Q, which is jour naled in the frame A of the machine, so that motion fromrthe shaft B may be transmitted to said shaft Q in order that a pulley 'cured thereon, may be rotated and thereby cause an endless belt S, which passes around it, and a pulley 'l, journaled in the frame A,

'-ing substantially a cam'in the form of an endless belt against which abuts a roller Unncunt ed on a sliding bar V, which is guided in the frame A, the roller U being kept at all times in contact with the corrugated face of the belt S 'by a spring V, secured to said bar and the frame A. (SeeFig. 1.)

It is evident that when the belt 8 is in motion it imparts a rec iprocating motion to the bar V, the object of which will be hereinafter explained.

Secured to theehaft I3 is a rotary cutter X, adapted to trim the projecting butt-ends Y of the. bristles G, as shown in Fig. 10, so that "said ends will coincide with a continuous straight line, as shown at c c c. in Figs. 12 and 16,fe1; a purpose to be hereinafter described.

Secured to the shaft 13 and rotating therewith is a pulley Z, having a belt A, which passes around the same and also around the pulley B on the shaft T. The belt A is provided with adjustable pins or fingers Q, the object of which will be hereinafter reicrrcdto, (see more particgtlarl y Fig. 6,) it being evi dent that there must be as many pins 0 on the belt A as there are hoppers for the reception of bristles (l to be formed into a brush, which in the present instance are three in numberaviz II, J, and K. Consequently the belt, A must be provided with. three pins or fingers '0.

Referring now to Figs. (5, 7, and 8, the finger O is adapted to strike the lower portion of a lever 13, fulcrumed on a bracket E, which latter is secured to the hopper II. The upper portion of the lever D is pivoted to one end of a link F, whose opposite end is pivoted to a sliding bar G, which moves in guides on the outside of said hopper II. The tunes tion of the pin 0 is to strike'thc lever D and thereby cause the bar G to move in the direction indicated by the arrow 2 in 6. The bar G has pivoted thereto the upper endsof a series of levers. H, and the lower end of each of said levers is firmly'sccured to the journal J of a rocking gate or valve K, so that said gate or valve may be closed and openedby the reciprocation of the bar G.

It will be noticed that each lever ll hasits individual gate or valve K, and-ponsequently the number of levers ll series mustbe equal.

The hoppers J and K are each provided with a sliding bar,- a link, and levers and gates similar inevery respect to the bar G, link F, levers l) and H, and gates K describedin connection with Fig. U.

The above corresponding parts referred to for thehoppers J and K are not shown in and gates if. in a the drawings for the sake of clcarness in illustration.

I Loosely mounted on. the shaft B is a pulley ll, which has secured thereto a sprocketwheel M, around which passes a chain N, which also. passes around asprocket-wheel *l, secured to the shaft Q, so that motion from saidshaft may be transmitted to said pulley L, and consequently to an endless belt R,'which passes around the same and also around a pulley S, loosely, lnounted on the shaft T, so that the inetion "imparted to said belt R will cause the same to travel in a direction opposite to that of the belt A,

and thereby cause a finger U on said belt to.

strike a projection V on the lever I), (see, Figs. 6, 7, and 8,) and thereby IGStOlLG said bar G to tlrepo sition it occupied previous to being struck by the finger C. This will cause the gates or valves K to close and thereby shut off the supply of bristles fed from the hopper H to the apron E.

Secured to the shaft 13 is a gear-wheel W, which meshes with a gear-wheel X, secured to a shaft Y, journaled in the frame A. The shaft Y has secured thereto a brush. Z, placed within a hopper A and adapted to rotate therein, so as to apply an adhesive material G insaid hopper to a portion of the (see Figs. 2, 1].',"and 19.).

The hopper A is secured to the frame A in any suitable manner, and motion from the shaft-l3 is imparted to the brush Z by the gear-wheels W and X. I

In Fig.1 the layers of bristles G are shown in but two places for the sake of clearness in said figure, as at 1 and 2 although in practice said layers extend from the hoppers to thc'brush-handle K as is evident.

Secured to the shaft B is a gear-wheel 13 which is provided with a concentric ring (3 the same having the cam or corrugated portion Il -thereon, andagainst which bears a roller E which latter is mounted on a sewing-machine F adapted to slide in ways on the frame A and travel in substantially a right angle to the line of movement of the apron E. The roller E is kept at all times against the cam or corrugated portion 1) by a spring G secured to the sewing-machine F and frame A. It will be seen that when the gear-wheel l3 s in motion, the cam or corrugated portion D thereon, together with the spring G will impart a reciprocating m'otion to the scwin g machine F while the same is stitching I certain portion of the bristles G.

for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to, the stitching being shown at m, Figs. 1, 10, 12, and 16, and the main shaft of the sewingmachine F being driven in any well-known manner.

The gear-wheel l3 meshes with a pinion ll' mounted on a shaft J which is journaled in the fame A.

The pinion l1? imparts motion to tilt shaft J by means of a feather K which permits 2'3 the latter, it being noticed that said gear wheel Q is mounted on the upright shaft R the shaft J 2 to rotate, and at the same time move to and fro in a line parallel to its axis for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to, the pinion I1 being placed, between the standards L so that no lateral displacement of said pinion can occur.

Mounted on the shaft J is a bevel gearwheel M which receives motion from said shaft by a feather N which causes said gearwheel to rotate, and at the same time permits said shaft J to move to and fro in the direction of its length, so that said shaft may impart a reciprocating motion to the sewingmachine F, with which it is connected, and for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to. said bevel gear-wheel M being placed between the standards P, so that no lateral displacement of said wheel can occur.

The bevel gear-wheel M meshes with a bevel gear-wheel Q and imparts motion to journaled in the frame A.

Secured to the shaft R is a pulley 8*, around 7 which passes'a belt TE, which also passes around. a pulley U mounted on ashaft V journaled in the frame A, so'tha-ta rotary motion may be imparted to said shaft V by the pulley S and belt U The shaft V has loosely mounted thereon one end of the bar V, hereinbeforedescribed, and, as is evident, the reciprocating motion of said bar V will be transmitted to the shaft V and cause the same to move to and fro with said bar, so that a crank-wheel Z secured to the shaft Wand rotating therewith, will at the same time ad- Vance and recede in unison with the bar V for a purpose to be hereinafter referred to.

Pivoted to the cranlewheel .Z is a link A, which operates a bell-crank lever B pivoted to an extension C of the barV it bein evident that said lever B is thereby caused to travel to and fro with the bar V, so that a beater D which is connected to said lever B by a link E will follow the motions of the bar V, and at the same time will have a rapid reciprocating motion imparted thereto by its connection with the crank-wheel Z so that the bristles G on the table portion of the frame A, against which the forward portion F of I the heater D abuts, (see Figs. 1 and 9,) will. be

causedto assume 'a wave .line, as clearly shown at din Fig. 10, at e in Fig. 12,and atf in Fig. 16, the object of the wave line referred to being to produce a taper in the brush, as

at gin Fig. 16.

The gear-wheel B meshes with a gearwheel G journaled in the frame A, said gearwheel G having secured to it a chuck H which rotates therewith, and in the present instance is screw-threaded, as at h, to receive 7 a tube J provided with a clamping device .to rotate therewith.

for the handle K of a brush, the said clamping' device consistingof a ring Mf, secured in any suitable manner to the tube J so as Pivot-ed to an extension N on the ring M is a lever P which has pivoted thereto a works in a threaded opening in the ring M as atj in Fig. 2, and that the other screw S passes freely through an opening in said ring, as at 75 in Fig. 2, and engages a threaded opening (not shown in the drawings) in the lever P so that the screw S in the lever P may move with the same when said lever is raised and lowered, for a purpose to be here inat'ter referred to.

interposed between the ring M and the h; ver P is a spring T which forces upwardly the lever P, so that the spring-catch Q, thereon may positively engage the projection R This clamping device is employed when round or oval brushes are being made.

Secured to the'end of the tube J 3 and adjacent the clamping device is a plate U the object of which will be hereinafter referred to. When it is desired to manufacture flat brushes, metal or leather bound, a device (shown in Figs. 1 and 5) is employed for applying the binding A (see Figs. 5, 11 and 15) to the brush, said device consisting of a stationary bar V to the upper portion of which are pivoted the jaws W which latter ner. Mounted on said frame A are spools N,

on which are wound threads or warps B It will be noticed that the butt-ends of the bristles G occupy the space between the upper row C and the lower row D of said warps from the spools A, as best seen in Figs. 9, 10, 1]., and 12. I

E designates a tension-roller mounted on the frame A, the function of said'roller being to keep the web at all timesand under all circumstances at the proper tension.

F designates a screw whose end Gr (see Fig. 13) is adapted to contact with the end H of the brush-handle K and move the same in the direction of thejarrow in said Fig. 13.

The operation is as follows: Assuming the gates or valves in the hoppers H, thand K to be closed, as shown in Fig. 6, it is evident that the bristles which are placed within said hoppers, and which are to be formed into a brush, will remain within thesame until the gates or valves therein are opened topermit the escape of said bristles. The first step,

. tracer (then, is to supply said hoppers with bristles h that-in the hopper ii, and, further, that the hopper ii may contain a different grade'or quality of bristles from that in either of the hoppers Ill and J. The ends of the warps B from the spools A are passed through guides of any welhknown form, which are located adjacent to said spools A, and are then drawn byhand, so as to reach a point somewhere near the rotary brush Z. The brush-handle K is then inserted in the clamping device, so as to be firmly held within the same by the screws 8 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Then it is desired to insert a brush-handle in the clamping device, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) said handle is placed in the space between the ends of the screws 8*, so that when the lever P is lowered "the same will cause the screw therein to come in contact with said handle and forcethe same against the screw S in the-ring M and firmly hold said handle in positionwithin the clamping device, so that the brush-handle may be rotated by the same and cause the web of bristles to be wound thereon so as to produce a brush. .XVhen a brush-handle to'be removed from the chim ing device, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) the springcatch Q is swung outwardly, so that the same leaves the DIOJGOtlOll R and thereby permits the lever P to be raised, and thus remove the end of the screw S therein from contact with said handle, after which the latter may be easily slipped from between both screws. Previonsto placing the brush-handle within the clampii 1 device hcreinbe'fore described ferrule-J is slipped on the same, as best seen in Fig. 17, so that when the required quantityef bristles has been wound upon the brush-handle the butt portion of said brush 'may be brought within the ferrule without necessitating the removal of said brush-handle from the clamping device. The machine is then started, and, if desired, the ends of the warps 13" may be held in the hand, so as to keep the same taut until the work has progressed sufficiently to permit the web of bristles,v&c. to reach the handle K of the brush. The warps 13*, between which are no bristles, are then cut and thrown away, thereby leaving the ends of the warps on a line, or nearly so, with the forward end of the layer of bristles G, (as at gin Fig. 2,) near the left-hand end of said figure. The finger C at the proper time is brought into contact with the lever D and rocks the same so as to open. the gates or valves K, as hereinbefore describedv This will permit the required quantity of bristles to escape from th i hopper ll and fall upon the apron E and be carried by the same to the table portion of the frame A, as best seen in Fig. 2. When the bristles reach the'bczitor l), the latter will, by reason of its reciprocating lllO- tion, cause the bristles on the frame A to .by operating, the screw F".

sumo the wave line hereinbcfore referred to. The bristles after leaving the heater 1) are brought'by the apron E to the scwingenachiuc F which stitches the warps lit and bristles G together, so as to securely bind the two, as liereinbeforestated. The sewing-machine moves to and fro in aitrzmsverse direction to that in which theapron'lil travels, Consequently the stitching in will be caused to assume a zigzag, line, as clearly shown in the drawings. After the bristles have been stitched they are brought together by the apron E to the cutter X, and the projecting butt-ends are cut by the same, so as to trim them close to the warps B, as best seen in Fig. 10. The bristles after leaving the cutter are brought by the apron'E to the brush Z, which applies adhesive material to the stitched portion of the layer of bristles, so as to further bind them together. The stitched and gummed portion of the'layerof bristles or web is then passed under-thetension-roller E,- and from this to the brush-handle K to which it is secured in any suitable manner. It is evident that the rotation of the brush handle, as hcreinbefore described, will cause the gum'med and stitched portion of the layer of bristles or web to be wound upon'the same and thereby form a brush, as best seen in Figs-{Timid 1.0. v *hena sufileient quantity of bristles has been wound upon the handle K the machine is stopped and the stitched andgummed portion of the layer of bristles or web is cutclose to the brush and secured to the portion wrapped upon the handle K The-screw S" in the lover I is then slightly rotated, so as to loosen its hold upon the brush-handle K, to permit the same to be niovcdin the direction of the arrow in Fig. 133 The ferrule .l on the handle K is then placed so as to register with the portion of the bristles secured to the handle 1i, and the screw 1 is then rotated, so as to cause the handle K and bristles secured thereto to move as one in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 123, until the butt-ends of the bristles wound on the handle K come in contact with the plate U", which Vance, due to the rotation of the screw F".

ICO

This will cause the tapering end 11* (see Fig.

13) of the handle li to :t'oree the portion of the bristles within the ferrule J" outwardly, and thereby cause them to bear against the inner wall of said ferrule, so'asjto firmly rctain the bristles in position on said handlel The tube J may, if desired, be of sulliciont length to permit the plate U to contact with the butt-ends of the bristles while the same are being-wound upon the handle K, in which case the ferrule J* is placed upon the screw 1 instead of the handle K, before the proccss of winding the bristles on the handle ii is begun, and when'thc winding is completed the body portion of the brush is compressed by hand, which permits the ferrule J to be jaws W (see Fig. 2,) after which said j-aws kinds of bristles inthe manufacture ofa 'tion that in the former the binding-strip A takes the place of theferrule J passed over the same and be placed so as to encircle the portion of the bristles or web wound upon the handle K, (see Fig. 13,) in which case the operation of forcing the bristies against the inner wall of the ferrule J is the same as already described.

'Whena brush is completed, the same is removed from the clamping device in the man ner hereinbefore deseribed,after whichanother brush-handle maybe placed in said clampingdevice and the same process of manufaeture continued as explained.

In the manufacture of fiat brushes the hinding-strip A is employed instead of the forrule J (See Figs. 14 and 15.)

The process of manufacturing flat brushe is the same as hereinbet'ore described relatively to round and oval ones, with the excep- \Vhen the winding of a flat brush has been completed, the binding-strip A is placed in the open are closed, as hereinbefore described, and thereby bendthe' binding-strip A around the bristles, asshown in Fig. 5 The open spaces W in the jaws W permit brads B to be passed therethrough, so as toreach the strips A whileheld by the jaws W so that said brads may be driven through the strips A and secure the same to the handle of the brush, (see Figs. 11? and 1 5,) after which the jaws ,W may be opened, since the bindingstrip W no longer requires said jaws to retain it on the brush-handle.

If it is desired to use, for example, three brush, the hoppers H, J, and K are each supplied with its respective kind. The gates or valves in said hoppers are then opened and closed, as hereinbefore described. The opening and closing of the valves at the proper time is accomplished by placing the fingers G and U in such positions relatively to the parts they operate as to contact therewith at the proper intervals. I 7

It will-of coursebe evident that when it' is desired to manufacture square ended brushesglike whitewash-brushes, dzc.,the corru gated belt or apron S can be dispensed with, it being then only necessary to employ any suitable means for causing the ends of the bristles or brush-stockto keep in line, as is evident. i I

Having thus describediny invention, what I claim as new,.and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is Y 1. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame an endless apron, means for actuating the same, projections on said apron, a hopper located above thelatter, a series of. gates in the lowerportion of said hopper, and means for automatically opening and closing the same, substantially as described. '2. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, an endless apron, means for 1 actuating the same, pins or projections thereon, a hopper located above said apron, and adapted to receive bristles or brush-stock, a series of movable plates in the lower portion of said hopper, lovers attached to said plates, connections from the levers to an arm or bar pivotally mounted, and means for opening and closin g said gates alternately, the same consisting of traveling aprons moving in op posite directions, and having projections thereon adapted to contactat proper intervals with the gate-actuating mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, an endless apron E, means for actuating the same, projections F thereon, a hopper above said apron, gates K in the lower portion thereof, rods I-l attached to said gates, a bar G attached to said rods and suitably guided and supported, and a bar D having connections to said bar G,in combination with end less aprons R and A adapted to actuate said bar D at proper intervals and means for actuating; said aprons, substantially as described.

at. In a machine formanufactu ring brushes a suitable frame, an endless apron, means for actuating the same, a series of warp-threads,

upon said apron between said warp-threads,

means for stitching the latter transversely, and means for cutting off the outer ends of said brush-stock adjacent said warp-threads, substantially as described.

6. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, an endless apron, means for feeding bristles or brushstock thereupon, a heater for causing the ends of the same to assume a wavy or corrugated outline and means for actuating said heater, substantially as described.

7. In a machine of the character described a suitable frame, an endless apron, mechanism for actuating the same, a series of warp threads between which'bristles or brush-stock is adapted to'be fed, a beater for causing the extremities of said brush-stock to assume a wavy or corrugated outline, and means for stitching said warp-threads transversely to their line of movement and for actuating said beater, substantially as described.

8. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a frame or housing. an endless apron suitably actuated and supported, aseries of warp ment, and in ms for supplying adhesive material thereto,substantially as described.

9. In a machine for manufacturing brushes a suitable frame, a series of Warp-threads,

means for inserting the bristles or brushstock th erebetween, a sewi n g-inachine mount ed adjacent thereto, andineansfor iinpartin areciprocating motion to said sewing-machine, substantially as described.

1 l. In a machine for manufacturing brushes, means for supporting a brushhandle, a liar mounted adjacent thereto, jaws pivoted to said bar, and means for causing said jaws to approach and recede from each other, the

meeting ends of said aws being recessed, substantially as described.- T

12. line machine for manufacturing brushes, the brush-holdin g device consisting of a ring M, a threaded screw passing through the lower portion thereof, a bar P fulcruined to a suitable portion of said ring, the threaded screw passing through said bar, but out of engagement with said ring, and a catch-dog Common to said ring and bar, means for holding the same in pcsition, substantially as described.

0 13. In ainachine for manufacturing brushes,

a supportingfran'le, a serie's'ot' thieads or warps, means for feeding bristles or brushstock therebetween, in combination With means for stitching transversely to said warps, means for cutting off the buttiof the brush "stock, and means for applying size or adhesive material thereto, substantially as described.

1 1-. In a machine of the character described, a suitable frame or housing, a series of Warpthreads, means for actuating the same, means for inserting brush-stock therebetween, a

sewing-machine, mechanism for imparting a reciprocating motion thereto, in combination with means for applying size to the web thus formed, and means for wrapping said Web around the brush-handle, substantially as described. 15. A machine for manufacturing brushes, a frame having Warp-threads suitably supported and actuated, means for inserting brush-stock therebetween, means for causing the same to be retained in position, and means for Wrapping the same about the handle of a brush, substantially as described.

. JOSEPH F. MUMEORD.

itnesses: JOHN A. Wlnnnnsnsln,

HAYWARD FAIRBANKS:

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