US568138A - Hand-loom - Google Patents

Description

' .7 y1 seets-sheep'l.

gw.. HARVEY.

HAND. LooM.

(Nb Model.)-

yNo. 568,138. Patented sept. 2z, 1,896.

(No Model.) "4 sheets-sheet 2.

W. HARVEY. HAND LOOM No. 568,138. Pam-med sept. 22,1896.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

HARVEY. HAND LOOM.

N0.568,138. Patnted sept.22,1a96.

(N o Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

w. HARVEY.

HAND LOOM. l j No. 568,138. `Paffrened Sept. v22, 18.96.

1- l UNITED STATES-g PATENT r` OFFICE..

WILLIAM HARVEY, or JERMYN, 3 PENNSYLVANIA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 568,138, dated September 22, 1896. Application filedfl'unelO, 1396.` Serial No. 594,986.` (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-` a Beit known that I, WILLIAM I-IARHVELa;

citizen of the United States, residingat Jermyn, in the county of Lackawanna and State l of Pennsylvania, have invented certain newl and useful Improvements inHand-Looms; and I do declare the following to be afull, l clear, and eXact description of the invention, i such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. l

My invention has relation to improvements in hand-looms, and theobject is toproduce a simple, cheap, and convenientloom of this class for generaluse; and to this end the novelty consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of J[he same, as will be hereinafter` more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

I have fully and clearlyillustrated 1nyi1nprovements in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l is a perspective of the loom, taken i from the front and right-hand end thereof. Fig. 2 is an end view taken from the left side i of the loom. Fig. Sis a front View in eleva tion. Fig. 4L is a rear view in elevation.. Fig.

5 is a detail enlarged View of the lieddle and trigger-operating mechanism. Fig. 0 isa detail view of the cloth-beam, showing the construction of the beam as tapering from the middle to the ends thereof. Fig. 7 is a detail of the mechanism for throwing the triggerbar and moving the heddles.v Fig. 8 is a detail of the shuttle-race, showing the guidepins for the shuttles.

The loom-frame consists of a rectangular base-frame, the front and back bars l 2 of which are made of` fiat bars of iron, having their ends turned at right angles and suitably secured 'to the bottom rails or bars of the end pieces of the frame., The end pieces 3 4f of ,the base are made of substantial pipe-iron, provided with threaded coupling-pieces 5 at their respective ends. To the rear couplings are connected standards G 7, havingtheir 11pper ends connected by the pipe-bar S. At the front end of each end piece of the bases are connected standards 9 10, running ver-` tically to the point where the upper crosspiece of the frame is connected and from thence extended upward and frontward, as

l .at 10X, to such a, height and for such a dis tance as to provide a suitable seat for bearings for the breast-roller, ashereinafter will be more fully specified.

Between the front and rear posts of the frame are suitably mounted and secured the substantial cross-pieces ll 11X, provided adjacent `to their rear ends,withbearingboxes 12 12X, in which the journals of the warpbeam are mounted, substantially as shown. On the `upper ends of the standards or supports) 1Q are brackets 13 13X, consisting of substantial plates having sleeves 14 formed Jtherein adapted tojtake in the ends of the standards, and the two brackets `being ,connected by a cross-rod `l5, which braces the frame at this part. l To the brackets 13 13 are detachably secured the bearings 16 16X, in` which the journals ofthe breast-roller 17 are mounted, substantially" as shown. The breast-roller 17 is of the usual form and its uses are well known. It is here illustrated as being provided with a number of short studs 18, which engage the fabric and prevent it from slacking between the breast-roller and the warp-beam. Intermediate of the front and rear frames, between the basepieces and the cross-pieces at the ends ofthe frame, are two substantial uprights 19 19X, formed with vertically-arranged grooves 2O in their inner faces, which serve as guides in which the ends of the heddle-frames are seated and slide.

A designates the warp-beam, on which the warp-threads are wound and arranged. in a well-known manner. selvages I make the warp-beam slightlylarger in i the middle and tapering gradually and evenly from the middle line toward each end thereof, thus giving to the warps a tendency to maintain the original arrangement, completely covering the beam without shifting toward the middle. The Warp-beam has the journals of its shaft 2l mounted in the bearings 12 12 on the cross-pieces 1l 11X, and at the ends of the beam are large flanges 22 22X, having flat bandfaces on which are arranged friction-straps 23 23X, of sheet metal or other suitable niateriahand one end of which is secured to the rear base rail of the frame, as at l 24, and the other end secured to a crank 25, formed in a shaft 26, mounted in suitable bearings, as 26 26X, adjacent to the rear posts of To make good tight IOO the loom-frame. On the bracket 13 is secured an arm 27, having a downward extension 28, to which is secured a box-plate 29, formed With a recess, as shown, in which is seated a bearing 30, through which the stem of the tension-rod 3l is arranged to turn, and which is held therein against longitudinal displacement by any suitable means. The other or inner end of the tension-rod is screw-threaded for a distance, and engages in a screwthreaded socket in the socket-piece 32, jointed to the arm 33 on the crank-shaft 26. On the outer end of the tension-rod 3l is secured a hand-Wheel 34 by Which the rod is turned. It will be perceived from the foregoing description of the parts involved that screwing the tension-rod in or out of the threaded socket the crank-shaft is correspondingly turned and the cranks to which the ends of the tension or friction straps on the iange-pulleys of the Warp-beam are connected Will be affected to loosen or tighten the straps on the pulleys, thereby making less or more friction between the straps and pulleys and decreasing or 'increasing the tension of the Warp.

To turn the breast-roller 17 synchronously with the cloth-beam and vto take up the fabric regularly with progressing production thereof,a lever 35 has a bearing in the projectin gupper part of one of the front standards of the frame, and'on the front arm of the lever is pivotally mounted a pawl 36, which engages in the teeth 37 of a ratchet-disk 38, fixed on the end of the breast-roller. The pawl 36 is held in engagement With the ratchet by means of an arm A39, mounted on the same bearing as the pawl and arranged to bear with its free end on the perimeter of the ratchet, the paWl and the arm being drawn toward each other by means of a spring 40, having its respective ends fastened to the arm and the pawl, sub stantially as shown. The long arm of the lever 35 is bent down at an incline and arranged through a keeper or guide 41, secured to the post of the batten or lay, in which guide is journaled aroller 42, on which the arm of the lever bears. To the inner end of the lever 35 is connected one end of a pull-spring 43,

' the other end of the spring being fastened to some stationary part of the frame, or preferablyto an'eye in the end of an adj Listing-screw 44, let through a bracket 45, secured to the upper cross-piece of the frame at that end of the frame, jam-nuts being arranged on the adj usting-scre-W to hold it fixed in any set position. 1t will now be perceived that when the lay is drawn forward the lever 35 Will be drawn down by the force of the pull-spring 43 and the short arm of the lever moved up- Ward, carrying the nose of the pawl over the teeth of the ratchet, so that when the lay is thrown back again the long arm of the lever will be raised slightly and thus pull the pawl down-Ward and turn the breast-roller to take up the slack.

Inorder that the same movement of the lay which actuates the breast-roller to take up the fabric shall also operate in like manner to take up the fabric, I have devised the following described mechanism The cloth-beam (not shown) is mounted on a shaft 44', journaled in bearings fixed to the front standards of the frame, and this shaft has a ratchet disk or Wheel 45 fixedly mounted at the lefthand end, substantially as shown. To the left-hand bracket of the breast-collar is secured a fulcrum-piece 46, the long arm of Which is arranged through a guide-keeper provided with a roller, in all respects like the keeper and roller on the opposite framepost, through which the actuating-lever of the breast-roller projects and slides, and having connected to the inner-end a pull-spring made adjustable, as heretofore specified and as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. To the front end or arm of the lever 47 is pivotally secureda pawl 48, the end of which engages with the ratchet 45 on the cloth-beam, the pavvl being held in engagement With the ratchet by means of a rod 49, hung to the lever and bearing with its free inner end on the perimeter of the ratchet-Wheel 45', a spring 50 connecting the pawl and rod and by its resilient force holding them in relative arrangement and the pawl in engagement, substantially as shown in the drawings.

It Will be observed that the throw of the lay forward permits the action of the pullspring to depress the lever and move the paWl a distance over the ratchet, and that its back stroke raises the lever and actuates the paWl to turn the cloth-beam a determined distance, the movement being simultaneous and synchronously With the movement of the breast-roller.

D designates the lay-frame, consisting of a substantial piece of pipe-iron for t-he bottom rail thereof, suitably held in bearings fixed to or on the front bottom rail of the frame, as 5l 51X, and having two vertical side standards 52 52X on the upper ends of which is secured and mounted the lay or batten rail 53, Which, in general, is of the Well-known construction, excepting that the ends of the rail are extended beyond the sides of the loom to afford supports for the shuttle-boxes 54 54X, substantially as shown. To guide the shuttle across the batten and prevent it from flying out of its direct and guided course, a series of hard-rubber pins 55 are inserted in the edge of the batten, against which the shuttle slides as it passes back and forth. The pins I have found suit the purposes completely and do not Weam the shuttle at all. To the head of the batten is secured a suitable handle 5(3,projectingforward so as to be conveniently reached by the operator standing or sitting at the front of the loom.

The mechanism associated With and intended to operate the respective pickers is identical in construction and arrangement, and therefore the description of the picker mechanism applies to both constructions and elements.

ICO

IIO

To the lower end of each post or bar of the hatten-frame is strongly secured an L-shaped bracket or iron 57, the arm of which projects a suitable distance outward parallel with the journal of the batten, as shown, and to the end of the arm the lower end of the pickerstick 58 is fulcrumed or jointed, the upper end being arranged in a slot on the shuttlebOX. On the arm of the L-iron support of the picker-stick is fulcrumed an elbow-lever 59, one arm of which is connected to a coiled spring 60, the other end of the spring being fastened to the picker-stick. rlhe other arm of the elbow-lever is formed with an eye or ring 61, which iits over the end of thetrigger 62, which has its other end pivotally connected to the rear post or part of the frame, substantially as shown in the drawings. rlghe depression of the triggers 62 is attained by means of a slide-bar 63, which has a vertical and also a longitudinal reciprocating movement, as will be hereinafter more fully specified.

To the lower portion of each post of the hatten-frame is strongly secured a substantial bracket or arm 64, pivotally connected at its outer end with the lower end of a link '65, the upper end of the links being hung on the ends of a cross head or bar 66, having a vertical reciprocation in slots 67, formed between: vertical bars 68 68 and the middle standards of the frame. The links 65 are provided with vertically-elongated slots 60, as shown, to permit the slide-bar 63 to move up and down therein and also to slide lengthwise for a distance therethrough far enough to engage over the triggers. 'Io the crossbar 66, adjacent to the inner lines of the end frames, are secured two hangers 70 70X, carrying small rollers 7l in the ends thereof, and through these hangers the slide-bar 63 is arranged, resting on the rollers, substantially as shown. In the middle of the slide-bar is xed an eye 72, in which the end of a lever 7 3 loosely engages to throw the bar back and and forth longitudinally, so that its ends will pass on and over the triggers alternately and depress them to fly the pickers.

E designates a strong metal cross-bar extending lengthwise of the loom and having its ends firmly secured to the end cross-pieces by any suitable means. On the middle of this cross-bar E is mounted and secured a bracket and housing consisting of a framebar 74, having its ends struck inward and then at right angles to provide means for securing it to the bar, thus leaving a slot between the parallel side faces of the bar E and the bar 74, substantially as shown. On the support thus made is mounted a housing 75, having an opening therein arranged lengthwise and having a vertical iiange 76 at one end provided with a threaded hole, in which an adj listing-screw 77 is tted to regulate the position of a pulley 7 S, mounted in slot-bearings 7 9 in the housing to push the rack-bar hereinafter mentioned-in engagement. To

the vertically-reciprocable cross -bar 6G is jointed the lower end of a rack-bar l20, the upper end of which projects up through the housing and engages with a mutilated gear Sl, cast on a shaft 82, and having formed on its front end a double crank-arm S3, provided with crank-pins in the ends thereof, and on the other end of the shaft 82 is formed asingle crank-arm 84, having its end connected to the upper end of the lever 7 3. The lever 7 3l is slidingly fulcrumed on an arm 85, projecting downward from the housing, and has its lower end loosely arranged in the eye 72 on the slide-bar.

F F designate theheddles, consisting of iron frames of the usual construction and provided with the usual thread-rods, substantially as shown. To each heddle-frame, at the ends, are secured metal guide-rods 86 86X, which are arranged in the grooves 20 2OX in the uprights 19 19X. jointed an operating-rod S7 87X, the lower ends of which are connected to the respective ends of the double crank head or arm 83.

1 It will now be perceived that when the batten is pulled forward the lever-brackets connected to the links and cross-bar will raise the cross-bar, thereby moving the verticallyarranged rack-bar into engagement with the mutilated gear, which 'will move the double crank to raise one heddle and lower the other and at the same time turn the single crankarm to throw the lever connected to the slidebar and slide that element over one of the triggers, so that when the batten is moved back the reverse movement of the associated mechanism will depress the trigger and reverse the portions of the heddles.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- l. rIhe combination with the batten, of bracket-levers secured to the lower ends of the frame thereof, links on `the ends ofthe levers, a vertically-movable cross-bar having its ends connected to the upper ends of the links, a vertically-arranged rack-bar on the cross-bar, a mutilated gear to engage with the rack-bar, a double crank-arm on the shaft of the gear-wheel, the heddles, and rods connecting each heddle to the respective ends of the double crank-arm, substantially as described.

2. The combination with the batten, of levers secured thereto, a cross-bar connected to the free ends of the levers to be reciprocated vertically thereby, a vertically arranged rack-har on the cross-bar, a mutilated gear engaged by the rack-bar, a double crank on the shaft of the gear, the heddles, connections between the heddles and the double crank, a second crank on the shaft of the mutilated gear, a lever hung to the latter crank, a sliding bar reciprocated by the lastnamed lever, and the triggers of the pickers, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a loom, the combination with the bat- To each heddle is IOO IIO

ten and L cross-bar raised and lowered by the In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my action of Ihe betten, of a lever rocked on its signature in presence of two Witnesses. fulerum by Jshe :movements of the cross-bar,

a sliding bar reeiproeated by the lever, and VILLIAM HARVEY. the triggers arranged to be engaged alter- Titnessesz nately by the ends of J011e slide-bar, substan- J V. GRANT,

tially as and for the purpose speeied. JOHN JAY.

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