US5655062A - Accent color printing - Google Patents
Accent color printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5655062A US5655062A US08/398,199 US39819995A US5655062A US 5655062 A US5655062 A US 5655062A US 39819995 A US39819995 A US 39819995A US 5655062 A US5655062 A US 5655062A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- color
- accent
- document file
- printing
- colors
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K15/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers
- G06K15/02—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data, e.g. computer output printers using printers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K2215/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data
- G06K2215/0002—Handling the output data
- G06K2215/0062—Handling the output data combining generic and host data, e.g. filling a raster
- G06K2215/0071—Post-treatment of the composed image, e.g. compression, rotation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K2215/00—Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data
- G06K2215/0082—Architecture adapted for a particular function
- G06K2215/0094—Colour printing
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to printing systems for printing color documents, and more particularly to such printing systems with capability for printing accent color.
- the term document refers to a visual display of a graphical image, whether on a CRT or on paper, and the digital data required to generate the visual display is called a document file.
- the document file is sent to a process color printing system.
- Process color is defined as the mixing of toners to obtain a particular hue and saturation of a given color.
- Process color printing systems commonly use cyan, magenta, yellow and black toners to create colors.
- Various combinations of color toners are mixed or overlaid to create a desired color.
- a process color printer generally makes four (4) passes to print a color document, one pass for each of the process color toners available in the printer.
- a color document is sent to a process color printing system, the colors seen on the display when viewing the document are similar to the colors on the printed output.
- Accent color is becoming commonplace in today's business environment. A significant volume of color work can satisfactorily and economically be accomplished by accent color printers. Accent color is defined as using the toners installed in an accent color printer to represent a process color without any mixing or overlaying of toners. Shades of a color are depicted using a percentage of a particular toner. Some printers that do accent color printing also do shading by creating patterns with a combination of black plus a color toner to produce different shades of a particular color without actually placing one color of toner on top of another color of toner. Document preparers use accent color for a variety of purposes, including logos, signatures, forms, highlighting key topics of a document, emphasis on variable data and personalized information.
- an accent color printer may require fewer passes to print an accent color document, accent color printing can be faster and less expensive than process color printing. If a document has only black, red and blue, three (3) passes are required versus four (4) passes for a four color process color printer. Since the tolerances for color registration in an accent color marking engine can be less than for a process color marking engine, an accent color marking engine can be manufactured less expensively than a process color marking engine.
- a current challenge with printing color documents on an accent color printer is how to change a process color specification, which typically requires four toners, to an accent color specification using fewer than four color toners.
- Another challenge is how to represent colors that are darker than a pure color that is normally represented by 100% of a toner.
- a document preparer is concerned with highlighting information using color but is not necessarily as concerned with matching a particular color.
- An example of a printer that is designed to print accent color is the Xerox 4890, manufactured by Xerox Corp., Rochester, N.Y.
- the Xerox 4890 prints black plus one accent color.
- the Xerox 4890 employs a file server, called a FIBRETM server, that is installed in front of the 4890 controller to convert a document file having process color data to a best accent color match. Commands are inserted by the file server into the document file to specify where accent color is to be used. If blue is available in the Xerox 4890 printer, all blue colors in the document are represented as a combination of black and blue toner, with all other colors represented as a shade of gray.
- the Xerox 4890 printer limits the user to only one accent color for a document.
- the object of this invention is to provide an accent color printer having more than one accent colors, wherein the output of the printer is an accent color representation of process color commands in a document file.
- the present invention differs from the prior art in that it provides for the processing of process color information into more than one accent colors. It is relatively easy to map all colors that are not black to a single accent color, but it is much more difficult to map process colors to multiple accent colors. The printing of color documents should require no extra steps than are already necessary. It is the object of the present invention, to provide print drivers for a particular host computer platform (e.g. PC and Macintosh) that enable multiple accent color printing and that give the user the ability to map process colors to multiple accent colors. It is a further object to provide an accent color mapping method that receives process color specifications and maps the color to an appropriate accent color It is a still further object to ensure that no toner overlay will take place as a result of the accent color mapping.
- a particular host computer platform e.g. PC and Macintosh
- the objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a method and apparatus for printing a color document file having page description commands including process color commands for graphic objects and bitmapped images on an accent color printer.
- a particular accent color and shade is assigned to each primary color and a particular accent color is assigned to all bitmapped images.
- a print driver responsive to the color document file and particular color assignments adds color mapping parameters to the color document file to produce a modified color document file.
- a raster image processor connected to the print driver and responsive to the modified color document file maps the process color commands in the color document file to a shade of a particular accent color for each graphic object, maps the process color commands for all bitmapped images to a specified accent color, and produces a plurality of full page bitmaps, one for each accent color.
- a print engine capable of printing a plurality of accent color s is connected to the raster image processor for receiving the full page bitmaps and prints the accent color document.
- the color document file is supplied to the print driver and raster image processor for printing the accent color document.
- One of the main advantages of the present invention over the prior art is that there are no extra steps involved and no extra hardware or software required than is normally used to produce accent color documents on current accent color printing systems.
- the user is not restricted in their selection of color within their documents and has the ability through the print drivers to map the display colors to printer colors for colors they know aren't available on the marking engine.
- the invention also provides the advantage of having more than one accent color capability on a page by page basis. Since the accent color process makes it possible for the accent color printer to only make as many passes as necessary for each page, there is a distinct time advantage for an accent color printer versus a process color printer.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a printing system useful in practicing the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the major software subsystems in the printing system of FIG. 1, employed to perform accent color printing according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the operations performed by the accent color filter.
- FIG. 1 there is shown a block diagram of a color printing system that is capable of scanning and printing monochrome documents and adding multiple accent colors to scanned documents.
- a suitable color printing system that has been configured to operate according to the present invention is the Kodak 1580 Copier-Printer, available from the Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N.Y.
- a host computer 10 has a monitor 11 and a keyboard 12 attached to the computer for creating process color documents.
- the host computer 10 is connected to a color printing system 14 by communication lines 15.
- the process color document files are processed by a raster image processor (RIP) 16 and passed on to a color marking engine 20.
- Color marking engine 20 has the capability of printing multiple accent colors.
- An ASCII terminal 18 and keyboard 19 is used to view job status, configure RIP parameters, and resolve mismatches for resources or capabilities that were requested in the color document file but cannot be satisfied by the marking engine, such as request for a particular accent color that is not presently installed in the marking engine. For example if a document file specifies an accent color that is not installed in the marking engine 20, a message is displayed on the ASCII terminal 18 and the user is given the option to install the specified color in the marking engine or to allow the RIP to print with the current available colors.
- the host computer contains a host application 22, such as Microsoft WordTM, Aldus PagemakerTM, etc. that delivers a color document file expressed in generic page description commands for creating graphic objects such as letters, numbers, symbols, lines and shapes to a print driver 24.
- the print, driver 24 converts the generic page description commands to specific page description commands in a page description language such as Adobe PostScriptTM.
- the page description language contains process color commands indicating the color of the graphic objects.
- the print driver 24 adds parameters for mapping the process colors to accent colors and sends the specific page description commands and color mapping parameters to an accent color filter 26 in the RIP 16.
- the accent color filter 26 employs the color mapping parameters to generate instructions for redefining the process color commands to generate accent color rather than process color, as described in detail below.
- the accent color filter 26 supplies the specific page description commands with the modified color commands to an interpreter 28.
- the interpreter 28 converts the page description commands and modified color commands to full page bitmaps, one for each accent color, for driving the marking engine 20.
- the print driver 24 displays a color mapping table, Table 1, via the host computer monitor 11.
- the user can select a desired mapping from the process colors shown on the monitor (called “Display Color” in table 1) to the accent colors available on the marking engine 20 (called “Printer Color” in table 1) by indicating one of the Printer Colors for each display color using a pointing device such as the keyboard 19, or a mouse (not shown).
- the print driver 24 inserts color mapping parameters representing the selection into the specific page description commands.
- the print driver 24 does not insert a color mapping parameter into the specific page description language for that particular display color.
- the accent color filter 26 will use default values (as shown in Table 2 below) to map the display colors to the accent colors available in the marking engine 20.
- the page description language can contain bitmapped images as well as graphic objects. Bitmapped images are treated differently than other process color graphic objects because they often contain color specifications that are not readily converted into accent color.
- the capability "All Bitmaps" is given to the user to specify which accent color they would like bitmapped images to be printed with. This allows the bitmapped images to be highlighted in a document.
- the interpreter 28 maps the colors in bitmapped images to shades of a single accent color.
- the accent color filter 26 employs the color mapping parameters to generate an accent color prolog for the color document file which consists of instructions for redefining process color commands and additional commands that enable the interpreter 28 to trap the color commands within the color document file and convert the color commands to an accent color bitmap for each accent color.
- the accent color prolog data is inserted (34) at the top of the color document file.
- An accent color prolog written in the PostScriptTM language for use in the Kodak 1580 Copier-Printer is included as Appendix A.
- the accent color filter 26 reads the color document file until the start of a page is found (36). At the beginning of each page, the accent color filter 26 inserts a command (38) at the beginning of a page to save the page information to a temporary file.
- An example of the command in the PostScriptTM language is "aReadPage”.
- the accent color filter searches for the end of a page (40) and inserts a comment and a command at the end of the page to process the temporary file information multiple times based on the number of accent color s required for that page.
- An example of the comment and command in the PostScriptTM language is "%%ENDPAGE" and "aSeparations”.
- the accent color filter 26 searches for the last page (44). At the end of the last page, the accent color filter processes any remaining data, sends it on to the interpreter 28, and exits 50 the process.
- the interpreter 28 now processes the multiple images for each page and sends the bitmap images to the marking engine 20.
- the color mapping process used by the accent color prolog converts the color spaces, specified in RGB (Red, Green, Blue) and CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black), all expressed as values between 0 and 1, into an HSB (Hue, Saturation, Brightness) color space.
- the hue is a value between 0 and 1 that indicates which of the following colors is being represented: red, green, blue, cyan, magenta or yellow.
- the brightness is a value between 0 and 1 that indicates whether Black, White, Gray, a Dark Color or a shade of one of the above colors is represented.
- the saturation is a value between 0 and 1 that is used to represent the shade of a color.
- the brightness value is the maximum of the RGB values.
- the saturation value is calculated as:
- Table 3 shows the default color mapping decision resulting from the pseudo code formula of Table 2, and shows the default toner values for each display color.
- Cyan, magenta and yellow (if yellow toner is not installed on the marking engine 20) colors are mapped to 50% of their default toner. If the user explicitly maps the display colors in the print driver 24, the colors are mapped to 100% of the accent color requested. Since a pure display color is represented by 100% of an accent color, there is no way to represent a darker shade of that display color without mixing a color toner with black toner. If the mixing of toners is not allowed in the marking engine 20, darker shades of a display color are represented by 40% to 100% of a toner when the brightness values is less than 0.98 as shown in the "Dark Colors" row of Table 3. If the brightness value is less than 0.4, a shade of gray is used to represent the color since, any color having a brightness value less than 0.4 is so dark that its color is perceived to be a shade of black.
- Table 4 show how the different shades of display colors are represented by accent colors according to the present invention.
- red, green, or blue toners are not available in the marking engine 20, and the display colors are mapped by the user to "Automatic" in the print driver 24, the display colors are represented by the first toner available in red, green, blue, yellow priority order and the percent black formula in Table 2 above is used to calculate the percent of accent color toner to use.
- Table 3 and equation (1) above show the default color mapping that takes place in the accent color filter 26 if the user selects "Automatic" for any of the printer colors in the print driver 24 given the different combinations of red, green, blue and yellow toner installed in the marking engine 20. If the user explicitly maps a display color to a particular printer color in the print driver 24, the display color maps to 100% of the printer color.
- Table 5 shows the default mapping if only one accent color toner and black toner are installed in the color marking engine 20. Each column of the table represents the mapping of display colors if only black and the accent color indicated at the top of the column are installed.
- Table 6 shows the default mapping if two accent color toners and black toner are installed in the color marking engine 20. Each column of the table represents the mapping of display colors if only black and the two accent colors indicated at the top of the column are installed.
- Table 7 shows the default mapping if three accent color toners and black toner are installed in the color marking engine 20. Each column of the table represents the mapping of display colors if only black and the three accent colors indicated at the top of the column are installed.
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Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ Display Color Printer Color ______________________________________ Red [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] Green [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] Blue [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] Cyan [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] Magenta [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] Yellow [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] All Bitmaps [Automatic, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow, Black] ______________________________________
saturation value=(max(RGB)-min(RGB))/max(RGB). (1)
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ if brightness = 0 map color to black else if saturation = 0 if brightness = 1 map color to white else map color to black else percent accent color = saturation*brightness if brightness < .4 map color to percent black = 1 - (.3 R + .59 G + .11 B)*100. else map color to color indicated by hue using percent of accent color. ______________________________________
TABLE 3 ______________________________________ Color Hue Saturation Brightness Default Toner ______________________________________ Black 0 0 0 Black White 0 0 1 Gray 0 0 >0-<1 Black Dark 0-1 >0-1 >0-.4 Black Colors Red .875- >0-1 >.4-1 Red .999, 0- .125 Yellow >.125- >0-1 >.4-1 Yellow or 50% <.208 Green Green .208- >0-1 >.4-1 Green .458 Cyan >.458- >0-1 >.4-1 50% Blue <542 Blue .542- >0-1 >.4-1 Blue .792 Magenta >.792- >0-1 >.4-1 50% Red <.875 ______________________________________
______________________________________ If brightness < .98 brightness = 1 - brightness + .4 percent accent color = brightness*saturation*100. ______________________________________
TABLE 4 ______________________________________ RGB Value Disclay Color Accent Color ______________________________________ 1.9.9Light Red 10% Red 100 Pure Red 100% Red .900 Darker Red 50% Red .400 Very Dark Red 88% Black ______________________________________
TABLE 5 ______________________________________ Accent Colors(Black, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow) Display Color R&Bk G&Bk B&Bk Y&Bk ______________________________________ Black 100% BK 100% Bk 100% Bk 110% Bk Dark Colors %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk Gray %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk Red 100% R 70% G 70% B 70% Y Green 41% R 100% G 41% B 41% Y Blue 89% R 89% G 100% B 89% Y Cyan 30% R 30% G 50% B 30% Y Magenta 50% R 59% G 59% B 56% Y Yellow 11% R 11% G 11% B 100% Y ______________________________________
TABLE 6 __________________________________________________________________________ Accent Colors(Black, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow) Display Color R, G&Bk R, B&Bk R, Y&Bk G, B&Bk G, Y&Bk B, Y&Bk __________________________________________________________________________ Black 100% Bk 100% Bk 100% Bk 100% Bk 100% Bk 100% Bk Dark %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk Colors Gray %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk Red 100% R 100% R 100% R 70% G 70% G 70% G Green 100% G 41% R 41% R 100% G 100% G 41% B Blue 89% R 100% B 89% R 100% B 89% G 100% B Cyan 30% R 50% B 30% R 50% B 30% G 50% B Magenta 50% R 50% R 50% R 59% G 59% G 59% B Yellow 50% G 11% R 100% Y 50% G 100% Y 100% Y __________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 7 ______________________________________ Accent Colors (Black, Red, Green, Blue, Yellow) Display Color R, G, B&Bk R, G, Y&Bk R, B, Y&Bk G, B, Y&Bk ______________________________________ Black 100% Bk 100% Bk 100% Bk 100% Bk Dark %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk Colors Gray %Bk %Bk %Bk %Bk Red 100% R 100% R 100% R 70% G Green 100% G 100% G 41% R 100% G Blue 100% B 100% B 100% B Cyan 50% B 49% R 50% B 50% B Magenta 50% R 50% R 50% R 59% G Yellow 50% G 100% Y 100% Y 100% Y ______________________________________
______________________________________ PARTS LIST ______________________________________ 10 host computer 11 monitor 12keyboard 14 color printing system 15communication lines 16raster image processor 18ASCII terminal 19keyboard 20color marking engine 22host application 24print driver 26accent color filter 28 interpreter 34 add prolog data step 36 find start ofpage step 38 add header step 40 find end ofpage step 42 addpage trailer step 44 test forlast page step 46 exit step ______________________________________ ##SPC1##
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/398,199 US5655062A (en) | 1995-03-02 | 1995-03-02 | Accent color printing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/398,199 US5655062A (en) | 1995-03-02 | 1995-03-02 | Accent color printing |
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US5655062A true US5655062A (en) | 1997-08-05 |
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US08/398,199 Expired - Lifetime US5655062A (en) | 1995-03-02 | 1995-03-02 | Accent color printing |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5713019A (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-01-27 | Keaten; Timothy M. | Iconic access to remote electronic monochrome raster data format document repository |
WO2001078374A1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-18 | Oce Printing Systems Gmbh | Method for the mapping of colour values of a colour image in the colour values of a highlight-colour image and corresponding print system |
US20040150842A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of adjusting color in a color proof |
US6809833B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2004-10-26 | Adobe Systems Incorporated | Late binding of device settings in a host raster image processor |
US7038811B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2006-05-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Standardized device characterization |
CN100349159C (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2007-11-14 | 北京北大方正电子有限公司 | Method for attaching label in page rasterizing |
US20110288854A1 (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-24 | Xerox Corporation | Human readable sentences to represent complex color changes |
CN102576297A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2012-07-11 | Csr技术公司 | Preview of a document with printable components at a printing device based on its printing capability |
US20120176424A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2012-07-12 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Color Mixing Light Source and Color Control Data System |
US20130286430A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Steve Morris | Automatic load balancer for presses |
US20220303399A1 (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2022-09-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Information processing apparatus, control method thereof, and storage medium |
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US3914043A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1975-10-21 | Xerox Corp | Color accenting copying machine |
US4857955A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1989-08-15 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electronic printer apparatus with intelligent accent color |
US5323487A (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 1994-06-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Printer |
US5493386A (en) * | 1995-01-03 | 1996-02-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Multi-toner image forming apparatus and method having pattern recognition |
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US3914043A (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1975-10-21 | Xerox Corp | Color accenting copying machine |
US4857955A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1989-08-15 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electronic printer apparatus with intelligent accent color |
US5323487A (en) * | 1990-05-02 | 1994-06-21 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Printer |
US5493386A (en) * | 1995-01-03 | 1996-02-20 | Eastman Kodak Company | Multi-toner image forming apparatus and method having pattern recognition |
Cited By (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5713019A (en) * | 1995-10-26 | 1998-01-27 | Keaten; Timothy M. | Iconic access to remote electronic monochrome raster data format document repository |
US6809833B1 (en) * | 1999-03-01 | 2004-10-26 | Adobe Systems Incorporated | Late binding of device settings in a host raster image processor |
US7038811B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2006-05-02 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Standardized device characterization |
US7333236B2 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2008-02-19 | Oce Printing Systems Gmbh | Method for the mapping of colour values of a colour image in the colour values of a highlight-colour image and corresponding print system |
US20030160982A1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2003-08-28 | Herrmann Hans Ulrich | Method for the mapping of colour values of a colour image in the colour values of a highlight-colour image and corresponding print system |
WO2001078374A1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2001-10-18 | Oce Printing Systems Gmbh | Method for the mapping of colour values of a colour image in the colour values of a highlight-colour image and corresponding print system |
US20040150842A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of adjusting color in a color proof |
US7283282B2 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2007-10-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method of adjusting color in a color proof |
CN100349159C (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2007-11-14 | 北京北大方正电子有限公司 | Method for attaching label in page rasterizing |
US20120176424A1 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2012-07-12 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Color Mixing Light Source and Color Control Data System |
CN102576297A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2012-07-11 | Csr技术公司 | Preview of a document with printable components at a printing device based on its printing capability |
US20110288854A1 (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-24 | Xerox Corporation | Human readable sentences to represent complex color changes |
US8510100B2 (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2013-08-13 | Xerox Corporation | Human readable sentences to represent complex color changes |
US20130286430A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Steve Morris | Automatic load balancer for presses |
US9170758B2 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2015-10-27 | Hewlett-Packard Indigo B.V. | Automatic load balancer for presses |
US20160019012A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2016-01-21 | Hewlett-Packard Indigo, B.V. | Automatic load balancer for presses |
US9760325B2 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2017-09-12 | Hewlett-Packard Indigo B.V. | Automatic load balancer for presses |
US20220303399A1 (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2022-09-22 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Information processing apparatus, control method thereof, and storage medium |
US11811977B2 (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2023-11-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Information processing apparatus, control method thereof, and storage medium |
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