US5606636A - Optical cable for avoiding dry-band arcing - Google Patents

Optical cable for avoiding dry-band arcing Download PDF

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Publication number
US5606636A
US5606636A US08/537,795 US53779595A US5606636A US 5606636 A US5606636 A US 5606636A US 53779595 A US53779595 A US 53779595A US 5606636 A US5606636 A US 5606636A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cable
conductive elements
along
extends
optical
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US08/537,795
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English (en)
Inventor
Simon M. Rowland
Colin A. Platt
John Richards
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Balfour Beatty PLC
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BICC PLC
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Assigned to BICC PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY reassignment BICC PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PLATT, COLIN ANDREW, RICHARDS, JOHN, ROWLAND, SIMON MARK
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/4417—High voltage aspects, e.g. in cladding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/4417—High voltage aspects, e.g. in cladding
    • G02B6/4419—Preventing corona discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G02B6/4416—Heterogeneous cables
    • G02B6/4422—Heterogeneous cables of the overhead type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to optical cables for use in optical transmission systems, and especially to cables for use in overhead optical transmission systems in which the cable is supported along the route of the system by means of towers, masts or other upstanding supports that are also employed to support electrical power cables.
  • the elements have overlapping portions that extend at least 50 mm, more preferably at least 75 mm and especially at least 100 mm along the cable. Longer overlapping portions may be employed with the result that the length of the dry band will need to be even longer before arcing can occur.
  • the elongate elements extend helically around the cable, in which case it is preferred that the overlapping portion between adjacent conductive elements extends at least one complete revolution around the cable.
  • Such a configuration has the advantage that any dry band must have a very convoluted shape before arcing may occur, and also that all the overlap regions will be equivalent to one another even when, as is usually the case, drying of the cable occurs preferentially in certain aspects, for example due to prevailing wind.
  • the electrically conductive elements may be formed in any of a number of ways.
  • conductive tracks may be deposited on the surface of the cable by conventional techniques or they may be formed in or under the jacket.
  • a plurality of parallel tracks may be formed on the surface of the cable, each track being interrupted at various points that are offset from the points at which the or each other track is interrupted so as to form alternating conductive elements with large overlapping portions.
  • the elements may form part of a woven material. If the elements are intended to extend helically around the cable they may form some of the warp or weft elements of the material, and the material may either be wrapped around the cable or may be cut on the bias so that it contains an array of diagonal conductive elements that are offset from one another.
  • the conductive elements are located on the surface of the cable jacket, they will be directly resistively connected to one another, while if they are embedded within the jacket or located under the jacket they will be capacitively and resistively coupled to the surface water layer when the cable is wet.
  • capacitive coupling does not form part of the invention, and it is intended that the impedance between adjacent conductive elements due to direct capacitive coupling be at least an order of magnitude greater than the impedance between the conductive elements due to the resistance of the surface water connection and any capacitive/resistive connection between the conductive elements and the surface water layer.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical cable and electric power line indicating the distributed capacitances
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the induced voltage and current on the optical cable in wet conditions
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a conventional optical cable on which a dry band has formed
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another form of cable according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section along the length of a cable 1 according to the present invention which includes a cable jacket 8 and a number of electrically conductive elements 10 and 12 on the surface thereof. Wet regions of the cable jacket due to natural precipitation are indicated by stippling. The adjacent conductive elements 10 and 12 extend longitudinally for about 400 mm and overlap adjacent elements by about 180 mm. In this case, if joule heating of surface water due to the induced currents were to lead to the formation of a dry area 14 between the conductive elements 10 and 12, the regions of the cable to the left and right of the dry area 14 could not be electrically isolated, and no dry-band arcing would therefore occur, unless the ends 16 and 18 of the dry patch could join up on the opposite side of the cable to that shown.
  • the cable 1 is, however, still electrically insulating along its length under dry conditions, and so may be installed by conventional procedures while the power conductors are on load.
  • FIG. 6 shows part of an optical cable according to the invention in which a number of elongate conductive elements 10, 12 have been applied along its length. These conductive elements have been made by forming a pair of continuous conductive tracks on a layer 18 of insulating material and then removing portions 20 alternately of the different tracks to form an array of separate, overlapping elements. The strip so formed may then be bonded or otherwise secured to a conventional ADSS cable.
  • the area of overlap extends at least one complete revolution around the cable in order to extend the length of any dry band as far as possible before dry-band arcing can occur.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
US08/537,795 1993-04-22 1994-04-22 Optical cable for avoiding dry-band arcing Expired - Fee Related US5606636A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9308361 1993-04-22
GB939308361A GB9308361D0 (en) 1993-04-22 1993-04-22 Optical cable
PCT/GB1994/000860 WO1994024596A1 (en) 1993-04-22 1994-04-22 Optical cable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5606636A true US5606636A (en) 1997-02-25

Family

ID=10734307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/537,795 Expired - Fee Related US5606636A (en) 1993-04-22 1994-04-22 Optical cable for avoiding dry-band arcing

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5606636A (de)
EP (1) EP0695431B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08509072A (de)
AT (1) ATE155589T1 (de)
AU (1) AU671542B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2161007A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69404294T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2104380T3 (de)
FI (1) FI955013A7 (de)
GB (1) GB9308361D0 (de)
WO (1) WO1994024596A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6344614B1 (en) * 1997-10-27 2002-02-05 Pirelli General Plc Limiting electrical degradation of all-dielectric self supporting cables
US6369328B1 (en) * 1998-03-14 2002-04-09 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Heat dissipating device for transmission line, transmission line with heat dissipating device, and method for fitting heat dissipating device to transmission line
US6643437B1 (en) 1998-11-23 2003-11-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. All-dielectric self-supporting optical cable and manufacturing method thereof
WO2012106284A1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-09 Afl Telecommunications Llc All-dielectric self-supporting (adss) fiber optic cable with a semi-conducting co-extruded tracking resistant jacket

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9325799D0 (en) * 1993-12-17 1994-02-23 Bicc Plc Semiconductive linear element
GB9421724D0 (en) * 1994-10-28 1994-12-14 Bicc Plc Combined electrical power and optical transmission system
GB9516095D0 (en) * 1995-08-05 1995-10-04 Bicc Plc Method of installing a resistive element on an optical cable
DE10028562A1 (de) 2000-06-09 2001-12-13 Scc Special Comm Cables Gmbh Optische Übertragungselemente enthaltendes Luftkabelund Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Luftkabels

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479702A (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-10-30 Olin Corporation Method and apparatus for assembling a compact multi-conductor optical fiber communication cable
JPS60122910A (ja) * 1983-12-06 1985-07-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高電圧用ライトガイド
US4673247A (en) * 1984-06-29 1987-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Optical cable for overhead high-tension lines
EP0258028A2 (de) * 1986-08-25 1988-03-02 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Elektrische Kabel
US4756596A (en) * 1985-10-26 1988-07-12 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Optical unit for composite overhead ground wire
US4776665A (en) * 1985-08-12 1988-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Metal-free, self-bearing optical cable for high-tension overhead lines
US4993805A (en) * 1990-05-30 1991-02-19 Fujikura Ltd. Composite overhead cable structure having high seal properties and a process for producing the same
US5018825A (en) * 1989-06-14 1991-05-28 Bicc Public Limited Company Overhead optical transmission system
WO1991016648A1 (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Nkf Kabel B.V. Cladding structure, in particular for optical cables, for use in high-voltage environments
WO1993023779A1 (en) * 1992-05-09 1993-11-25 Bicc Public Limited Company Overhead optical transmission system
US5526457A (en) * 1994-10-28 1996-06-11 Bicc Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for preventing dry band arcing in a combined overhead electrical power and optical transmission system

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4479702A (en) * 1982-07-06 1984-10-30 Olin Corporation Method and apparatus for assembling a compact multi-conductor optical fiber communication cable
JPS60122910A (ja) * 1983-12-06 1985-07-01 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高電圧用ライトガイド
US4673247A (en) * 1984-06-29 1987-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Optical cable for overhead high-tension lines
US4776665A (en) * 1985-08-12 1988-10-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Metal-free, self-bearing optical cable for high-tension overhead lines
US4756596A (en) * 1985-10-26 1988-07-12 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Optical unit for composite overhead ground wire
EP0258028A2 (de) * 1986-08-25 1988-03-02 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Elektrische Kabel
US5018825A (en) * 1989-06-14 1991-05-28 Bicc Public Limited Company Overhead optical transmission system
WO1991016648A1 (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-10-31 Nkf Kabel B.V. Cladding structure, in particular for optical cables, for use in high-voltage environments
US4993805A (en) * 1990-05-30 1991-02-19 Fujikura Ltd. Composite overhead cable structure having high seal properties and a process for producing the same
WO1993023779A1 (en) * 1992-05-09 1993-11-25 Bicc Public Limited Company Overhead optical transmission system
US5513292A (en) * 1992-05-09 1996-04-30 Bicc Public Ltd. Co. Overhead optical transmission system
US5526457A (en) * 1994-10-28 1996-06-11 Bicc Public Limited Company Method and apparatus for preventing dry band arcing in a combined overhead electrical power and optical transmission system

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Arc Control Devices For Self Supporting Optical cables, C. N. Carter, IEE vol. 140, No. 5, Sep. 1993, pp. 357 361. *
Arc Control Devices For Self Supporting Optical cables, C. N. Carter, IEE vol. 140, No. 5, Sep. 1993, pp. 357-361.
Development of Aerial Fibre Optic Cables For Operation on 400KV Power Lines, A. J. Peacock, IEE vol. 139, No. 6, 1992 Stevanage GB, pp. 3304 3314 XP323699. *
Development of Aerial Fibre Optic Cables For Operation on 400KV Power Lines, A. J. Peacock, IEE vol. 139, No. 6, 1992 Stevanage GB, pp. 3304-3314 XP323699.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6344614B1 (en) * 1997-10-27 2002-02-05 Pirelli General Plc Limiting electrical degradation of all-dielectric self supporting cables
US6369328B1 (en) * 1998-03-14 2002-04-09 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Heat dissipating device for transmission line, transmission line with heat dissipating device, and method for fitting heat dissipating device to transmission line
US6643437B1 (en) 1998-11-23 2003-11-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. All-dielectric self-supporting optical cable and manufacturing method thereof
WO2012106284A1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-09 Afl Telecommunications Llc All-dielectric self-supporting (adss) fiber optic cable with a semi-conducting co-extruded tracking resistant jacket
US20120301091A1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2012-11-29 Afl Telecommunications Llc All-dielectric self-supporting (adss) fiber optic cable with a semi-conducting co-extruded tracking resistant jacket
US9081161B2 (en) * 2011-01-31 2015-07-14 Afl Telecommunications Llc All-dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) fiber optic cable with a semi-conducting co-extruded tracking resistant jacket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0695431B1 (de) 1997-07-16
EP0695431A1 (de) 1996-02-07
DE69404294T2 (de) 1998-01-15
ATE155589T1 (de) 1997-08-15
ES2104380T3 (es) 1997-10-01
CA2161007A1 (en) 1994-10-27
DE69404294D1 (de) 1997-08-21
WO1994024596A1 (en) 1994-10-27
JPH08509072A (ja) 1996-09-24
FI955013A7 (fi) 1995-11-23
GB9308361D0 (en) 1993-06-09
FI955013A0 (fi) 1995-10-20
AU671542B2 (en) 1996-08-29
AU6573494A (en) 1994-11-08

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Owner name: BICC PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY, ENGLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:ROWLAND, SIMON MARK;PLATT, COLIN ANDREW;RICHARDS, JOHN;REEL/FRAME:008230/0154

Effective date: 19961025

REMI Maintenance fee reminder mailed
LAPS Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
FP Lapsed due to failure to pay maintenance fee

Effective date: 20010225

STCH Information on status: patent discontinuation

Free format text: PATENT EXPIRED DUE TO NONPAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEES UNDER 37 CFR 1.362