US560625A

US560625A - Centrifugal separator

Info

Publication number: US560625A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1896-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 1913-05-19

Description

(No Model.)

0. B. PECK. GBNTRIPUGAL SBPARATOR.

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented May 19 1666.`

AN DREW B GRAHAM. PHOTU-UTHO. WASHINGTUMD C.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

O. B. PBGK.

GENTRIPUGAL SEPARATOR.

Patented May 19, 1896.

@No Model.) O B P'ECK 3Sheets-Sheet 3.

GBNTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR.

Illllll Illllllllllllllll ANDREW E GRAHAM.PHOTU'UTMD.WASHINGTDN.D C.

ORRIN B. PEC/K, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MELINDA PECK, OF

SAME PLACE.

CENTRIFUGAL sEPARAToR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 560,625, dated May 19, 1896.

w Application filed March 23, 1894. Serial No. 505,415. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern: ner as to insure a practically watertight Be it known that I, ORRIN B. PECK, a citi joint during the movement of said cylinder zen of the United States, residing at Chicago, hereinafter described, thus preventing matein the county of Cook and State of Illinois, rial and liquid from passing between it and 55 5 have invented a new and useful Improvement the supporting-eylinder- The rings a and c2 Vin Centrifugal Separators, of which the folare provided with annular projections c, lowing is a specification. 1 which engage annular grooves c' in the inte My invention relates more particularly to rior of the supporting-cylinder to retain the centrifugal ore-separators, and has for its rings in place during the motion of the inter- 6o 1o principal object the provision of a machine mediate cylinder through them.V They are for effecting the separation of materials of tight-ly enough compressed between the two different degrees of specific gravity, when in cylinders to insure their rotating together at a iinelydivided state, and a separate and substantially the same speed and still allow continuous discharge thereof from the treatthismovement. 65 I 5 ment vessel in which they are being subjected At the discharge end of the treatment vesto centrifugal force and certain opposing sel the separating-cylinder projects beyond forces. I attain this result by the use of the the supporting-cylinder, and at this point is mechanism illustrated in the accompanying provided with an annular groove D,` formed drawings, in whichbetween two projecting .flanges on the outer 7o 2o Figure 1 is a top plan View of the entire surface of the cylinder. A crank-pin Dlon machine. Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitua crank-disk d, mounted upon the end of a dinal section through the treatment vessel. transverse shaft d, extends into the groove. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3 of This shaft d is suitably supported in stand- Fig. 2. Fig. 4t is a transverse section on the ards on the bedplate, and is rotated by means 75 25 line a of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a transverse section of the engagement of a bevel-gear E with a on the line 5 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a central bevel-gear E onalongitudinalshafte, the latvertical longitudinal section of another form ter being driven byabelt passing over pulleys of the device7 and Fig. '7 is a transverse section c and c2 upon the shaft e and counter-shaft C', on the line 7 of Fig. 6. All sections are taken respectively. The resulting movement of the 8o 3o in the direction indicated by the arrows. crank-pin D' causes the rapid and preferably Similar letters of reference denote like slight reciprocation or vibration of the interparts throughout the several views. mediate cylinder, which is permitted by the A designates a base-plate upon which, in elasticityof the supporting means, imparting standards A, is journaled the supportingshocks or vibrations to the separating-surface. 85 3 5 frame B of the treatment vessel, preferably Extending through the separating-cylinder is of cylindrical form. This supporting-frame the inner cylinder or hollow shaft F, which has upon its exterior a belt surface or pulley serves to feed material to the separating-cyl- B, by which it is rotated by means of a belt inder and to subject said material to aqueous from a pulley C on the counter-shaft C', j ourand other forces for the purpose of separation 9o 4o naled in standards on the base-plate. The and discharge, and also as adeflectorto guide counter-shaft is driven by pulley C2, belted to the material along in proximity to the sepaany suitable source of power. lVithin the ratingsurface. rlhis inner cylinder is jourcylinder B is supported a vibratable 'internaled in the standards F F upon the basemediate or separating cylinder a, of comparaplate and at the feed end of the treatment 95 45 tively light material and provided with a sepvessel extends, preferably, through a stuffing arating-surface b2, by means of rings a a2 a2 boxfin the supporting-cylinder, this stuffingof elastic material, preferably rubber. The box having a threaded gland or plugf, by ring a at the feed end of the treatment veswhich the elastic packing material may be sel is provided with an annular groove b, into compressed, insuringapracticallywater-tight 1c o 5o which extends an annular flange o .on the joint and preventing the passage of material end of the separating-cylinder in such a manand liquid. Upon the other extremity of the inner cylinder is a pulley G, of smaller size than the pulley on the supporting-cylinder, which is driven by a belt passing over a pulley G' on the counter-shaft C'. The size of these pulleys is so proportioned that a differential speed will be imparted to the inner and outer cylinders, so that any point on the surface of cylinder F has a circumferential movement or travel with relation to a fixed point on the separating-surface.

The inner cylinder F is divided by a partition H into two sections H' and H2. Into the section H' projects a iion-rotatable pipe 71, through a stuffing-box 7i', similar to f. This pipe is for the purpose of feeding mingled ore and a liquid, preferably water, into the section, from which it passes into a conduit l, extending within the cylinder F for a greater or less part of its length, as desired, and being closed except for orifices l' through the wall formed by the inner cylinder, through which the material and liquid passes, and the former is deposited upon the separating-surface along and near a longitudinal partition if on the inner cylinder, which extends its entire length within the separating-cylinder, as shown by dotted line in Fig. 2. This partition i, with a similar partition i', projects radially from the surface of the inner cylinder to a point near the separating-surface and divides the channel or passage therebetween into two longitudinal sections or passages K K', the former, in which separation is effected, having the greater circumferential width. Upon the top of these partitions nearest the separating-surface are fixed strips 2 of elastic material, preferably rubber, serving to more completely divide the sections K K' and as a cushion to prevent injury to the parts if they come in contact during the operation of the machine as a result of the tremor or movement caused by the high speed of rotation of the parts and the yield of the elastic supporting-rings. Into the section K extend hollow projections or tubes 7a, fixed in orifices in the surface of the inner cylinder, these tubes being preferably inclined toward the discharge end, for the purpose hereinafter stated. Over this section on the inner cylinder are also solid agitating-pins 7c' and radial orifices k2. In the other section, K', are the similarly-inclined tubes L, of greater inside diameter than tubes k, and the pins L', mounted on the surface of cylinder F. The tubes 7u L and the orifices k2 have forced through them jets of a liquid, preferably water, introduced into the section H2 of the inner cylinder by means of a nonrotatable pipe Z, passing through the stuffingbox Z'. The flow of liquid in this pipe Z, and also that-of the mingled material and liquid in pipe h, may be controlled as desired by suitable valves. (Not shown.)

The end of the separating-eyliiider extends into a hood M, which is divided into two parts or divisions N' N2 by a partition M', from which the lighter and heavier materials are conducted away by the pipes a' a2, respectively, to separate receptacles. The heavier material is discharged into division N2 by means of a spout N, secured to the inner cylinder between the outersides of the partitions t' e" and extending over the end of the separating-cylinder an d embracing, by means of double annular flanges n n, the inner periphery of the partition M', thus delivering to the division N2 only that material from the section K' from which the heavier portion is discharged.

Vhen a separating vessel or cylinder is used of sufficiently large diameter to permit an accumulation or head at the receiving end to secure, by the centrifugal force generated therein, the desired force of flow through the saine, the packing-boxes are preferably dispensed with.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The treatment vessel being rotated with sufficient rapidity to develop the degree of centrifugal force desired, the material to be separated, in a finely-divided state and mingled with a sufficient amount of liquid to permit its subinergeiiee on the separating-surface and the suspension of the lighter portion, is introduced by means of pipe h into the section H' of the inner cylinder F. It then passes into the conduit and thence bythe orifices I' into the section K of the channel or passage between the inner cylinder and the separating-cylinder, being deposited on the separating-surface along and near the loiigitudiiial partition i', where by the action of centrifugal force the heavier is precipitated and the lighter allowed to wholly or partially become suspended in the liquid, the separation being assisted bythe shocks or vibrations imparted to the inner cylinder by the crank-pin D and by the jets of liquid from tubes la and orifices k2, and also by the agitation produced by the direct contact of the moving tubes and the solid pins 7a'. As the lighter is held in suspension, it is moved by the iiiipelleiit force of the liquid, produced by its resultant flow, aided by the direction of inclination of tubes 7.3, along through the channel or passage wholly or partially without frietional contact with the separating'- surface and discharged into the division N' of the hood M, from which it is conducted away by the pipes n'. By reason of the differential speed of rotation of the inner and intermediate cylinders the surface of one travels with relation to the other, the resultant motion of the separating-surface being indicated by the arrows in Figs. 3 and 4, and the material on the separating-surface deposited by the orifices I' along one side of the section K is slowly carried across said section, during which travel the separation and removal of lighter substances is effected, and the heavier material gradually passes under the longitudinal partition e" into the space 7c', where it is subjected to the increased agitation produced by the impact of the jets of liquid from larger tubes L, and at the saine IOO IIO

IZO

time to the increased impellent force of the greater quantity of liquid iiowing with a greater velocity in the more narrow space. These increased aqueous forces will dislodge the heavier and move it along another portion of the separating-surface from that on which the lighter is being separated and discharged in section K, and deliver it to the discharge-spout N, from which it iiows into the other division N2 of the hood and is conveyed by the pipeu2 to a separate receptacle.

In the form illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 the surface of the inner cylinder over the section K is concentric with the separating-surface and the channel or passage in this section of comparatively small sectional area. Over the other section, K, the inner cylinder is of irregular shape, as shown in Fig. 7, making the channel wider, and this portion also tapers from the feed to the discharge end, thus gradually increasing the area of the channel. The section K is provided with jet-tubes 7a on the inner cylinder and also with the solid agitating-pins 7c'. The tubes 7c, as Well as the tubes L over the section K', are radial and not inclined, as in the form previously described, and the orifices k2 are omitted. The separating-surface is provided with a removable lining O, preferably of iieXible material-rubber, for eXample--which protects said surface from the abrasion and wear of the material and acts with the elastic strips i2 to prevent injury to the separating-surface by contact with the partitions. This lining may of course be replaced when worn. The mechanism is otherwise like that illustrated in the other iigures in the drawings.

In the operation of this device the radial width of the channel through which the heavier material is discharged being less than that in which the separation and discharge of the lighter is accomplished, there i is a greater velocity of flow, and consequently greater impellent aqueous force in the former, resulting in the more certain dislodgment of the heavier at the desired point. As in the form shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, this difference in the aqueous forces is further added to by the increased diameter of the liquid-discharge orifices over the section K, the solid pins aiding in the suspension of lighter material by the agitation produced by their contact. The taper of the cylinder F in the portion K maintains a practically constant velocity of now through the entire length thereof by increasing the area of the channel in approximately the same ratio as the quantity of liquid is increased by the added number of jets. It also permits lighter material to expand or move more freely as it nears the point of discharge,

and removes the accumulated heavier farther from` the action of the agitating means, thus insuring moreperfect separation.

For conciseness the phrases aqueous forces and aqueous suspension have been used, although it is not intended to limit the The term cylinl liquid employed to water.

der, for the same reason, has been applied throughout to the three portions of the treatment vessel, though any other form might be employed by which the desired result would be obtained. It is to be understood that the word is used in this generic sense in both the description and claims.

It will be noticed that while the agitating and other forces opposing centrifugal force permit or allow the precipitation of heavier substances they cause or eect-that is, compel-the suspension of the lighter in the liquid, whereas the centrifugal force acts positively to effect both results. This explanation is made because it is not always possible to bring out the distinction clearly in the claims without undue prolixitywhen mentioning these forces in connection. i

It is obvious that many 'changes and modiiications in the details of construction of the various parts of the mechanism herein described may be made as desired by the constructor, or to best suit the varied conditions under which the machine is operated, without departing from my invention'.

In my applications, Serial, Nos. 505,410, l

IOO

face into two or more -portions traveling with respect thereto, and provided with yieldable surfaces nearest to the separating-surface, substantially as described.

2. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable, yieldable separating-surface, and partitions travelingwith respect thereto for dividing such surface into two or more portions, substantially as described.

3. In a centrifugal separator, a rotatable, yieldable separating-surface, and partitions traveling with respect thereto, provided with yieldable surfaces on the portion nearest the separating-surface, substantially .as described.

4. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable cylinder provided with a separating-surface, a feed-pipe communicating with the cylinder in a practically Watertight manner, a deflector in proximity to the separating-surface, and partitions for dividing said surface and the space in proximity thereto into two or more parts traveling with respect to the same, substantially as described.

5. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable cylinder provided with a separating-surface, a feed-pipe communicating with the cylinder in a practically watertight manner, a deflector in proximity to the separating-surface, partitions for dividing such surface and 'the space in proximity thereto into two or more parts traveling with IIO respect to the same, and means for subjecting constantly-changing portions of the separating-surface to aqueous forces of greater intensity than upon the remainder of such surface to effect the removal of heavier substances, substantially as described.

6. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable cylinder having a closed end and provided with a separating-surface, a feed-pipe communicating with the cylinder in a practically waterstight manner, hollow deflector near the separating surface provided with perforations for securing aqueous forces of greater intensity on one portion of the separating-surface than another, and partitions traveling with respect to said surface, substantially as described.

7. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable separating-surface, means for deiiecting or guiding material along near said surface, and partitions for dividing the separating-surface into two or more portions traveling with respect thereto, and provided with yieldable surfaces nearest to the separating-surface, substantially as described.

8. In a centrifugal separator, the combinal tion of a rotatable separating-surface, partitions for dividing the separating-surface into respect to said surface for dividing it and the l space in proximity thereto into two or more y parts, and a feed-pipe communicating with the cylinder in a practically water-tight manner, substantially as described.

lO. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable separating-surface upon which the material is in a submerged state, relatively-movable agitating projections to effect the suspension of lighter substances, means for causing their removal by securing a iiow of liquid, over one port-ion thereof, and means for removing the heavier by securing an increased velocity of flow over an other portion, substantially as described.

1l. Inacentrifugal separator, the combina tion of a rotatable cylinder, partitions for dividing the interior thereof into two or more substantially-closed passages extending from the feed to the discharge end thereof, and means for removing lighter and heavier substances separately by different velocities of liquid flow longitudinally through said passages, substantially as described.

12. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable cylinder, partitions for dividing the interior thereof into two or more substantially-closed passages extending from the feed to the discharge end thereof and through which there is a longitudinal flow, and means for effecting the suspension of lighter substances by securing agitation in one of said passages, and removing the heavier by increased agitation in another passage, substantially as described.

I3. In a centrifugal separator, the combination of a rotatable cylinder, partitions for dividing the interior thereof into two or more substantially-closed passages extending from the feed to the discharge end thereof and through which there is a longitudinal flow, and a feed-conduit communicating with one of said passages, substantially as described.

14. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable cylinder, partitions for dividing the interior thereof into two or more substantially-closed passages extending from the feed to the discharge end thereof and through which there is a longitudinal flow, a feed'- conduit communicating with one of said passages, an d means for rem ovin heavier in another of the passages, substantially as described.

15. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable cylinder, and a shaft or cylinder within the same carrying partitions which divide the passage between said cylin* ders into two or more substantially-closed sections or passages extending fronrthe feed to the discharge eud thereof and through which there is a longitudinal flow, substantially as described.

1G. In a centrifugal separator,the combina-- tion of a rotatable cylinder, a shaft or cylinder within the same carrying partitions which divide the passage between said cylinders into two or more sections or passages extending from the feed to the discharge end thereof, and agitating projections between the partitions, substantially as described.

17. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable cylinder, a hollow shaft or cylinder within the same carrying partitions which divide the passage between said cylinders into two or more sections or passages, and hollow projections between the partitions, substantially as described.

18. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable cylinder, a hollow shaft or cylinder within the same carrying partitions which divide the passage between said cylinders into two or more sections or passages, and hollow projections of different internal diameters between the partitions, substantially as described.

I9. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable cylinder, a hollow shaft or cylinder within the same carrying partitions which divide the passage between said cylinders into two or more sections or passages, and hollow projections inclined toward the point of discharge between the partitions, substantially as described.

20. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable separatingsurface forming one wall of a channel or passage, partitions IOO IIO

traveling with respect thereto for dividing said channel into tWo portions, one of which portions has a greater radial width than the other, substantially as described.

2l. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable separating-surface forming one wall of a channel or passage, partitions traveling` with respect thereto for dividing said channel into two portions, one of which portions has a greater radial width than the other and gradually varies in Width from end to end of the separatingsurface, substantially as described.

22. In a centrifugal separator,the combination of a rotatable cylinder, a divided hood into one Vpart of which the open end of the Aof said partitions extending into other part,

substantially as described.

ORRIN B. PEDK. Witnesses:

M. L. ALLEN, R. H. GARMAN.

It is hereby eertied that Letters Patent No. 560,625, granted May 19, 1896, upon theapplieaton of Orrin B. Peek, of Chicago, Illinois, for an improvement in Oentrifugal Separators,7 were erroneously issued to Melinda Peek as sole owner of the invention; Whereas said Letters Patent should have `been issued to The Patent Title Company, of same place, said The Patent Title Company being assignee, by mesne assignments,.of the entire interest in said invention, as shown by the assignments of record in this Office; and that the said Letters Patent should be read With this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the oase in the Patent Ofoe.

Signed, eountersigned, and sealed this 23d day of J une, A. D. 1896.

[SEAL] JNO. M. REYNOLDS,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior. Oountersigned S. T. FISHER,

i Acting Commissioner of Patents.