US559755A - Type-writing machine - Google Patents

Description

'5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

IfNo Model.)

` C. L. SHOLES.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 559,755. Patented May 5, M396.

ANDREW IGRNMMYPHOTD-UTHBAWSHNGTOKDC.

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, mvzesgeu (No Model.; 5 Sheets-Sheen 2.

C. L. SIIOLES.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 559,755. Patented May 5, 1895.

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C. L. SHOLES. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 559,755. Patented May 5, 1896.

] u@ um (No M5551.; 5 sheetssheet 4. G L SHOLES TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 559,755. Patented May 5, I895.

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.No Model.)

C. L. SHOLES. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 559.755. Patented May 5, 1896.

' CHRISTOPHER LATIIAM SHOLES, OF MLTVAUKEE, VISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR, BY NESNE ASSGNMENTS, TO THE YYCKOFBX SEAMANS' tf BENED] CT, OF NEYV YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 559,755, dated May 5, 1896.

Application filed February 18,1890. Serial No. 340,920. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTOPHER LATHAM SHOLEs,a citizen of the United States,residin g at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of lWisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type- \Vriting Machines, of which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to type-writing maro chinos; and it consists in various features, details, and combinations hereinafter set `forth, having for their object the simplification and improvement of the machine, and particularly increase in eihciency.

Figure l is a perspective View ofthe machine complete; Fig. 2, atop plan view 5 Fig. 3, a vertical section in the direction of travel of the paper-carriage; Fig. Lt, a side or end eleva tion; Fig. 5, a perspective view showing the 2o platen-roll shifted from its normal position to a position in which the line being` printed may be viewed by the operator; Fig. (5, a bottoni plan view; Figs. '7 to ll, detail views hereinafter referred to.

The frame of the machine may be of any suitable construction, but is here represented as consisting' of a top plate or table A, sustained by four legs or uprights B, a bar C, extending across the front and ends of the 3c machine, as shown in Figs. l and G, and a platform D below the top or table A. The top or table A is formed witha large opening of circular form, and below the top or level of the table there is formed an inwardly-projecting ledge a concentric with the opening in the top.

Nithin the opening, resting upon. and supported by the ledge a, is a basket E, which may be conveniently cast in one piece, and

4o which bears the clips or brackets F of the type-bars G with the type-bars pivoted in them, as best shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3.

lWithin the basket and at or near its lower end is placed. a pad or cushion H, against which the type-bars G strike and rest when they fall after a stroke, the purpose being to deaden the sound and, at the same time, cause all the type-bars to assume the same position when down. By thus causing each type-bar to fall to the same level, each is required to travel the same distance in rising to the platen, and consequently if each keylever be given the same leverage all the keys will require a like stroke, a feature very dcsirable to secure in this class of machines. 5 5 The basket E may be held in place by screws or otherwise and may be readily removed from the frame with all the type-bars in it, if desired, thus giving great facility of repair and adjustment. 6o

The clips F are stamped from thin metal, preferably sheet-steel, and are of the form shown in Fig. 7--thatis to say, cach consists of ahorizontal bodT or plate havi ng upturned sides, the forward or inward ends of which rise to form ears l), which are provided with perforations c to receive the pivots or the journals of the type-bar G.

The body or plate of the clip is formed with an elongated opening (Z to permit the passage 7o of a fastening-screw e through it, by which to secure it to the top ring of the basket, the size of opening cl permitting adjustment of the clip longitudinally and laterally.

I, Fig. 8, indicates a washer-plate which is 7 5 curved to conform to the curvature of the upper ring of basket E and is slotted to receive the upright sides of the clips F. The portions between the slots are perforated to permit the passage of the fastening-screws c, 8o which secu re a firm bearing upon the washerplate, and thus afirm clamping of the clips is insured.

The platform D is furnished on its upper side with a series of posts J, in each of which is mounted a lever K, one end of which connects with a type-bar G and the other end of which connects with the key-lever belonging to such type-bar. The manner of and means for thus connecting the type-bars and key 9o levers and transmitting motion from one to the other through the intermediate levers li is illustrated in Figs. l, 3, and et. As shown in said figures, each type-bar is formed with laterally-proj ecting studs c' in rear of its piv- 95 ots, which studs enter sockets or eyes in the two members of a bifurcated spring-yoke forming the upper end of a stem or rod f, whichstem constitutes the upper section of a three-part connecting-rod L. rlhe lower roe section g of rod L has its lower end jointed in any convenient manner to the lever K below it, and its upper end is joined to the lower end of the upper section f by means of a turnbuckle 0r swivel 7L, eithertapped to receive the reversely-threaded ends of parts f and g or swiveled upon one part and tapped to receive the other. These constructions are substantial equivalents and are both common in mechanical structures wherever, as in the present instance, it is desirable to provide for varying the length of the rod or link .connecting two parts. From the end of lever K, opposite that to which the link or connecting-rod L is attached, another link or connecting-rod M passes to and connects with a key lever or bar N, of which latter there is one for each type-bar, each pivotally supported in a slotted post or hanger fr', extending downward from the under side of platform D, as shown in Fig. 3. Each key-lever N may, if desired, be furnished with a linger-button, and so connected with the spacing mechanism of the machine as to cause the advance of the platen one space for each depression; but I prefer to adopt a somewhat different plan of construction and operation, which is illustrated in Figs. l, 2, and i. Upon referring to these figures it will be seen that a board or fiat bar O extends across the front of the `machine from side to side, and is perforated to permit the passage through it of a series of stems P, the lower ends of which are connected with the front ends of the key-levers N, one to each lever. The upper ends of the stems P are headed to prevent the board or bar O from being lifted above them, and opposite the head of each stem there is placed upon the board or bar O a character to indicate what printing-character answers to or is controlled by such stem. The board O is carried upon the forward ends of two arms or bars Q, which, at their rear ends, are made fast upon a rock-shaft R, carried upon pointed screws or other pivots in the main frame of the machine.

Rising from the rock-shaft R, at or about its mid-length, is an upright arm S, which carries a head j of the form shown in Figs. 2 and 9.

A spring T (shown in Fig. et and secured to the rear side of the main frame of the machine) bears upon the upright arm S, and throws the same backward, and holds it normally against a stop 7c. (Shown in Fig. 2.) This stop is represented in the drawings in the form of a spring-arm projecting laterally from an upright U, which rises from the rear of the main frame and bends forward horizontally over the spacing-rack of the platencarriage, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The spring T, bearing against the arm S, causes the rock-shaft to be turned and thewrrms Q and board O at the front of the machine to be raised and normally held in an elevated position, so that the board is brought'up directly beneath the heads of the pins or stems board O and thereby actuating the spacing dog or head j, nor can the board itself be depressed independently of the stems without thus actuating the feed dog or head. It will therefore be seen that whenever a stem is dcpressed for the purpose of printing a character, or whenever the board is depressed independently of the stems, the carriage, which is permitted to advance one tooth each time the feed-dog is thrown forward, will advance one space. The board, extending fr om side to side of the frame of the machine, and there being a considerable blank space at each end of the board, and also from end to end thereofl between the rows of stems T, the operator may readily depress the board without mov-- ing his hand from the position which it occupies in striking the keys or stems.

NVhile in the drawings I have represented the indicators by which to select the particular character or characters desired as applied to the board O, opposite the particular stem correspondin g with such indicator, it is manifest that the indicator letters or characters may be applied directly to the heads of the stems.

V and lV represent, respectively, flat and eylindrical rods or bars extending parallel with the board O at the top of the main frame of the machine, which rods or bars serve as supports and guides for the traveling platencarriage X. (Shown in Figs. l, 2, Ll, and 5.) As represented in said figures, this carriage consists of a rectangular frame of metal supported at its forward side upon a roller or rollers Z and at its rear side by perforated ears or lugs m, which encircle and slide upon the guide-rod WV.

Secured to and carried by the ears or lugs m is a bar Y, parallel with the guide-rod XV, and provided with a series of vertical slots extending transversely through the bar from front to rear. In each of said slots is loosely mounted a slide or tumbler Z, having at each end an ear or lip n, by which its longitudinal movement through the bar Y in each direction is limited. The sliding dogs or tumblers Z are free to move back and forth through the bar Y, and are moved forward through the same by the feed dog or head j one at a time, and are restored to their normal position or moved rearward by a guard or plate A', which inclines from a centralpoint toward the front of the machine at each end and is carried by the overhan gin g end of the upright or standard U. y

lVhen the line has been completed, or it is desired to recede the carriage preparatory to starting a new line, or for any other purpose, the forward ends of the dogs or tumblers come into contact with the incline face of the IOO IIO

guard A', are by it moved backward through the bar Y, and are then in position to be alternately engaged and moved forward by the head j. This action will be readily understood by referring to Figs. 2 and 9, in which it will be seen that the head j is formed with two upright faces o and p, connected by a third upright face q, formed by cutting away the forward corner of heady.; as shown in said figures, to an extent equal or somewhat more than equal to the thickness of one of the slides or tumblers Z. The face p forms a stop, by which the foremost slide or tumbler Z is arrested, whereby the carriage is held against advance. lVhen, however, the head j is thrown forward by the depression of board O, the face q bearing directly against the rear end of such slide or tumbler carries it forward through the bar Y until its rear end is forward of the normal position ot' head L7'. As the head j recedes or returns to its normal position, the face p passes out of contact with the slide or tumbler just advanced, the face o preventing the advance of the carriage during this backward movement of the head, by reason of its being directly in the path of the next slide Z and bearing against the side face of such slide until face q reaches the rear end of the slide or tumbler, whereupon the carriage moves forwardagain until the slide rests against face p. These several operations are repeated at each depression of board 0 and a step-by-step advance of the carriage is thus secured.

For the purpose of moving back the slides or tuinblers Z, preparatory to their actuation by the head j, the doubly-inclined guard A' is furnished. 'lhis guard being held in a fixed position, the forward ends of any of the slides or tuinblcrs Z, that may be forward or in advance of their normal positions, will ride upon one or the other incline of the guard, according to the direction in which the carriage is moved, and will be thereby forced back to their first or usual position. The front face of head j is beveled, as shown, so that when the carriage is receded the slides or tumblers may not lock against the same, but may be moved forward suiiiciently to pass the head, being at once moved back again by the guard A. The carriage is advanced by a spring B', secured to the bar C of the main frame, and preferably coiled or vbent 'into the forni indicated in Fig. 6, which is a bottom view of the machine, or of so much thereof as belongs to the carriage-advaucin g mechanism.

G' indicates a bar or sweep, one end of which is pivotallyattached to the bar C of the frame and the other end of which extends upward at the rear side of the machine and is connected by a link D with the bar Y or other part of the carriage. This bar C is formed with two .lateral branches fr and s near its pivot ond, the former provided with a series of notches at different distances from the pivot of the bar C', in one or another of which notches will be seated one end of a link t, by which the arm fr and the free end of spring B' are connected. By moving the link toward or from the end of arm r the leverage may be varied and the spring caused to act with greater or less force, as required. From the end of arm s a bar or link u extends to and is pivotally connected with a flat bar E', the two ends of which project through slots or openings in the side portions of bar C of the main frame, as shown in Figs. l, 2, 4:, and 6.

As will be readily understood upon reference to Fig. G, the spring B tends to swing the bar or sweep C about its pivot or cent-er of motion, and as this action takes place the outer end of arm s will swing toward the front of the machine, and as the bar is returned to its starting-point by the recession of the carriage the arm s will move backward or away from the front of the machine. In thus moving back and forth the arm S will, through link u, impart a forward and backward movement to the bar E', the two ends of which are caused by a guide-rod F', Fig. G, to move alike.

Rising from each end of the bar E is an upright or standard G', (well shown in Figs. l, 3, and 4,) each of which carries a horizontal stem or spindle Il below the table A to receive a ribbon-spool l and each of which has above said table a lateral arm J which serves as a ribbon support and guide to raise the inking-ribbon above the type-bars and to hold it in proper relation to the platen-roll. A nut fv, screwed upon the end of each stem or spindle ll, prevents the spool from working off.

The ribbon spools and guides being carried by and moving with the bar E, it follows that as the bar is moved back and forth the ribbon will be moved transversely to its length across the printing-point, and that as a consequence the entire width of the ribbon will be utilized instead of merely a narrow line thereof, as is usually the case.

To cause the longitudinal travel of the ribbon the spools l are both made with a ratchet wheeler disk w at one end with which engages a dog or pawl carried by a swinging arm or lever y, pivoted, one to each upright or standard G, as shown in Fig. 3. A spring e' serves to normally draw and hold back each of the arms or levers yy orto return each after aforward movement. A throw-out lever K' is pivoted to each standard or upright G" and engages beneath a projection on the dog or pawl zo, serving to lift and hold the saine out of engagement with its ratchet wheel or disk when desired, only one pawl and disk being in. engagement at any one time. The upper ends of the levers 1j bear against oblique guides or ways a', whereby as the bar E moves toward the rear of the machine the levers {1/ are thrown inward, the springs by returning them, to their first positions as the bar again moves forward. Each ratchet-wheel vw is prevented by a click-spring or detent b' IOO IIO

from being turned backward by the pawl or dog on its backward movement. This detent must be thrown out of engagement with its ratchet-wheel whenever the pawl is, so as to permit backward rotation and allow the ribbon to be drawn off and wound upon the spool being actuated, or else the ribbon-spools must be transposed when the direction of travel is to be reversed. It is preferred to disengage the detent from the ratchet-wheel, as handling` of the ribbon is thereby obviated.

Referring now to Figs. l, 2, et, 5, and ll, the construction and arrangement of the platen and its supporting and controlling devices will be explained.

As already mentioned, the carriage X consists, essentially, of a rectangular frame of metal, supported at the front by a roller or rollers Z and at the rear by lugs or arms m, respectively, traveling upon ways or guides 'u and w. Rising from each end of the frame of carriage X is apost or standard L',having a slot or opening c', of the form best illustrated in Figs. l, 4, and --that is to say, of increasing width toward the top-and having its rear wall curved (advisably, though not necessarily) upon an arc of a circle of which the centeris the axis of a rock-shaft M', seated in suitable bearings or boxes at the rear side of the frame of the carriage X. The rear wall of the slot or opening c has at its upper end a seat or depression c2, above which is an overhanging arm or portion c3. The rockshaft M is formed or furnished with two forwardly extending arms CZ' and e', each of which passes close to the outer face of one of the standards L and beyond or in front of the slot or opening therein, as shown in Fig. 2. One or both of these arms is or may be extended somewhat in advance of the carriage X or to other convenient point, and there fashioned into a lift or thumb-piece f', by which to lift the same and cause the rockshaft to turn in its bearings. Obviously, the two arms being rigidly connected to or made integral with the rock-shaft, they must rise and fallin unison.

N' indicates a rotatable platen, which is represented in the form of a cylinder, but which may be polygonal in cross-section, if preferred. This platen or roll is advisably made in the form of a light wooden shell, covered on its outer surface with rubber, as usual, and it is furnished at each end with a metallic bushing-ring g', which at one end of the roll is formed with teeth or cogs, as shown in Figs. l, 4, and 5. The rings g' rest and turn upon shouldered disks or heads O', (best seen in Fig. 11,) which disks are carried by a flat metallic bar P', the ends of which project beyond the disks and beyond the'ends of the roll or platen and pass into and through the slots c' of the posts or standards L', the ends resting upon the arms (Z' and e' of the rock-shaft M', as shown in Figs. l and 2. From this construction and arrangement of parts it follows that if the arm d or `latter is lifted.

e' be thrown up the bar P' will be caused to rise with them, and owing to the increasing inclination of said arms the bar will fall against and ride upon the curved rear wall of the slot e' until the upper edge of the bar enters the seats c2 and is arrested in its risc. The further elevation of the arms d' e' will then cause the bar P' to turn upon its upper edge as a`center, thus carrying it-s face from a vertical to a horizontal plane, or, in other words, the elevation of the arms carries the bar P' from its normal position (indicated in Figs. l and 2) into the position indicated in Fig.' 5.

Pivotally attached to one of the disks or heads O of the platen is a dog or pawl Q', the forward end of which is inclined both ways from its lowest point, said doubly-inclined end being arranged to overhang and to engage with the teeth of the toothed bushing or ring g', as shown in Figs. l, 2, and 4, being held in engagement therewith by a spring 7L'. The pawl or dog, while yielding and permitting the platen to be turned forward or backward upon the application of slight force, holds it firmly enough to cause it to maintain at all other times a fixed relation to the heads or disks O', and inasmuch as the heads or disks are incapable of rotation upon bar P', it follows that the platen-roll turns through about one-quarter of a revolution with bar P' as the The printing-point is at the lower side of the platen when the latter is in its normal position. Hence upon the lifting and turning of bar P' it will be brought up to the front of the roll as the latter stands in its elevated position.

To retain the parts in the elevated position for the purpose of permitting corrections to be made, &c., a rest or lug t", beveled on its lower side, is made to project from post or standard L' in such position that as the arm d' of rock-shaft M' rises, said arm, which is made somewhat elastic, shall ride over the beveled face and rest upon the top face of the rest or lug i', the parts remaining in such position until the arm d' is sprung outward and allowed to descend again with the platen.

To facilitate removal of the platen the opening or slot c' is left open at the top, or may be so left, though this is not essential.

R' indicates a pointer or index attached to the main frame of the machine and extending toward the platen, approaching close to the same at a point midway between the sides or ends of the machine, or directly in line with the printing-point, as shown in Figs. l and 2. This index or pointer, which preferably rises from the guide-bar V, but which may be elsewhere attached, is so curved or shaped that its upper end bears upon or very nearly touches the platen or the paper thereon when the platen is thrown up to the position shown in Fig. 5, and at the point to which the printing-line is brought by such elevation of the platen. It will therefore be seen that if it be desired to maken correction it is only IOO IIO

IZO

necessary to elevate the platen to bring the line to View, era-se the misused character, if there be one, move the carriage in one or the other direction until the pointer It' covers the point where a character is to be printed, then drop the platen and strike the appropriate key. In this manner and without the use of any scale whatever, corrections-may be made with celerity and certainty. Itis of course necessary to provide a paper clamp or holder which shall permit the proper line spacing or feeding of the paper, and which shall preserve the paper in proper position under the different adjustments of the platen. To this end the disks or heads O are both provided with a rearwardly-projecting arm j', which arms are connected by a cross-rod K', so mounted as to prevent rotation. IIung or hinged upon this rod is a curved plate or shield S, which extends from the rear side of the platen downward beneath the platen to a point somewhat in rear of the printingline, carrying at its lower and forward edge a small roller T' of a length nearly equal to that of the guard or plate S. This roller is free to turn in eyes formed upon the plate or guard S, and by bearing against the paper just in rear of the printing-line holds it closely against the platen. Extending forward from the plate or guard S and upward in front of the platen are two curved arms U', which support and give direction to the paper as it is advanced or fed forward, said arms serving to turn. the sheet back over the top of the platen.

A spring or springs V, coiled about the rod K', secured at one end thereto, and bearing at the other end against the rear face of plate or guard S', serves to press the guard toward the platen and to hold the roller T against the platen or against the platen between the roller and the platen, as will be readily understood.

To turn the platen for line-spacing, Iprovide an arm or lever IV', which is pivoted at one end to one of the disks O', and at its other end fashioned into a thumb-piece, as shown in Fig. 5. This lever carries a dog or pawl z5', which engages with the teeth of bushing or ring g', and as the lever is thrown forward turns the platen a distance corresponding to the swing or throw of the lever.

The threw of the lever is determined by a turn-button or stop m, having two stopfaces at different distances from the screw or pivot about which it turns, the lever being normally drawn backward or outward by a spring n, Fig. 5.

I do not broadly claim in this application the combinationof supporting-bar, disks or heads carried by said bar, and a platen or roller mounted and arranged to rotate upon the heads or disks, as that constitutes the subject-matter of application, SerialV No. 0,922, of even date herewith, nor do I broadly claim in the present application a paper-clamp provided with arms extending upward from the clamp iu front of the roll,

as that constitutes a feature of another application of even date herewith, Serial No. 340,921.

It is particularly to be noted that under the construction herein set forth there is no necessity for moving the paper upon the platen relatively to the pressure device or clamp by which the paper 'is held against the platen in order to bring the printing-line to the proper point or position for inspection. On the contrary the platen, paper, and clamp move as one in making this exposure of the work, and there is consequently no liability of disarranging the paper or interfering with alinement, as is the case where it is attempted to attain the result by rotating the platen relatively to the paper-clamp iirst in one and then in the other direction. It will also he observed that the fixed pointer or indicator is so located that it closelyv approximates the printing-point of the printing-line, when ,without disturbance of the printing relation of the platen, paper, and clamp, the printingpoint is exposed to view.

No claim is made herein to the mechanism herein shown and described for feeding and shifting the hiking-ribbon, but said subjectmatter is distinctly reserved for and is em.- bodied and claimed in application, Serial No. 444,925, lcd August 29, 1302, as a division of this applica-tion, for purposes of an interference contest.

IIa-ving thus described my invention, I claiml. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a main frame, a series of type-bars mounted therein, a series of key-levers for actuating said type-bars, a carriage movable upon the nia-in frame, a platen mounted in the carriage and bodily movable apart from and independently of said carriage :from its normal resting-place therein to a position in which the printingline may be readily inspected, a paper-clamp movable with the platen, and a stop to limit the movement of the platen away from the printing position and relatively to the carriage, whereby the level or plane of inspection is determined and .made uniform.

2. In atype-writin g machine, the combination with a main frame, type-bars and keylevers, of a traveling carriage a platen and ways or guides in said carriage in or upon which the platen may be shifted and partially rotated in the act of shifting.

3. In combination with the main frame and the carriage of a type-writer, a platen or paper-roll, a central supporting shaft or axle therefor normally held against rotation, and guides or ways upon the carriage, in or upon which the ends of the axle rest, and in or upon which they may be shifted to carry the platen to and from the printing position.

a. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a main frame, a carriage provided with ways or guides, and a platen having its supportingaxle extended to and arranged. to trav- IOO TIO

erse said guides,and adapted to perform a partial revolution in so doing; whereby the printing-line is turned to view when the platen is shifted, and restored to the printing position when the platen is moved back to place.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a mainframe, a traveling carriage provided with guides or ways, a platen having projections at its ends extending to said guides or ways, and arms or levers bearing against the said projections and serving to move them along the guides or ways, whereby the platen may be moved from its normal position to one in which the printing-line may be inspected.

G. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ainain frame, a traveling carriage provided with guides or ways having overhanging ends to form stops, and a platen provided with a central axle or supporting-rod, the ends of which extend to and rest upon the guides or ways.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a main frame, type-bars and keylevers, of a traveling carriage provided with uprights L', having slots or openings c', a platen and an axle or central support for said platen, having its lends extended into the slots c' and arranged to bear against the wall or face thereof.

8. In combination with the main frame, type-bars and key-levers of a type-writing machine, a platen-frame provided with posts L', slots c', in said posts, having depressions c2, platen N' and bar or axle I" provided with heads O', the ends of said bar extending int-o the slots c'.

9. In a type-writin g machine, the combination with a platen-frame having uprights or f posts L' provided with slots c', having depressions c-2 and overhanging ends c3, of a platen N', provided with supporting bar or axle P'.

10. In a type-writing machine,the combination of a tubular platen provided at its ends with metallic rings or bushings, a central rod or bar passing longitudinally through the platen, and heads or disks secured in iixed position upon said rod or bar, fitting said bushings, and serving as bearings or supports upon which the platen may turn.

11. In a type-writing machine,the combination of a paper-carriage provided with guides, and a platen provided at its ends with arms or projections to traverse said guides and thereby to bring` the point of print to view upon a bodily movement of the platen.

12. In a type-writing machine,the combination of a paper-carriage provided with guides or ways, and a platen provided at its ends with arms or projections to traverse' said guides or ways, the platen being adapted and arranged to fall by gravity and to carry its arms or projections to the lower ends of the guides or ways and retain them there, whereby proper printing adjustment is insured.

13. In a typewritingmaehine,the combination of a platen N', central bar P', heads or disks O', mounted upon said bar and forming supports for the platen,toothed ring g' secured to the platen, pawl or dog Q' carried by head or disk O', and spring 7L', to hold the pawl in engagement with the toothed ring.

14. In combination with a roll or platen, a central supporting-bar therefor, arms carried by said supporting-bar, a rod connecting said arms, a paper-clamp carried by said rod, and a spring acting upon said clamp and serving to hold it against the roll.

15. In combination with a platen a guard supported in rear of the platen, and extending downward and partially around the same, and a roller carried by said guard and located slightly in rear of the printing line or point, and adapted to bear against the platen or against the paper thereon.

10. In a type-writing machine,the combination of a main frame, a platen-carriage, a platen mounted in said carriage and bodily shiftable relatively to and independently of said carriage from its normal resting place to a position in which the printing-point is exposed to view, a paper-clamp movable with the platen, and a fixed indicator attached to astationarypartof the machine and reaching to such point as to indicate upon the platen the printing-point, when the platen is moved to position to expose the printing-line.

17. In a typewvriting machine,the combination of a platen-carriage, a platen movable from its norm al position to a position in which the printing-point may be readily viewed, a paper-clamp movable with the platen, and a pointer located in such position relatively to the platen that as the platen is bodily moved to expose the print, the printing-point and the pointer are brought into close proximity.

1S. In a type-writing machine,the combination with a suitable printing mechanism, of a pointer, a platen, and a paper-clamp, said platen and paper-clamp being movable in unison from their normal position to one in which the printing-line may be viewed, and the location and arrangement of the pointer being such that the printing-point and pointer shall be brought into close proximity by the movement of the platen to position to expose the printing-line.

19. In combination with a suitable support provided with ways or guides, a platen having projections at its ends mounted in said supports, said platen being adapted and arranged to make a partial revolution as it is moved over the ways or guides; and an index or pointer applied to the body of the machine in position to indicate the printing-point upon the platen, when the la tter is moved over the ways or guides from its normal position.

20. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion of a carriage, means for moving the same, a series of tumblers or plates movable 'in a direction at an angle to the line of travel of the carriage, a stop located in the path of said tumblers, and a pusher adapted to act upon IOO IIO

the tuinblers one at a time and to move them out of reach of the stop.

2l. In combination with the traveling carriage of a typewriting machine, a series of plates or tumblers carried thereby and movable at substantially right angles to the line of travel of said carriage, a stop with which said tumblers engage, and means for moving the tumblers successively to permit them to clear the stop.

In a type-writin g machine, the combination of a trame, a traveling carriage, a stop carried by one of said parts, a series of tumblers carried by the other of said parts, and means for moving said tumblers successively out of engagement with the stop.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a main frame, and a traveling carriage; of a series of tumblers; a stop; and means whereby the tu mblers are caused to engage the stop successively to give to the carriage step-by-step movement.

2i. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a traveling carriage provided with a series of. slides or tumblers, movable transversely to the line of travel of the carriage, and a reciprocating head or block arranged to bear against the slides or tumblcrs, one at a time, and to move them lengthwise successively.

In a t'pe-i\'riti1ig machine, the combination of a traveling carriage, provided with a longitudinal bar having a series of transverse slots, a series Vol slides or tumblers mounted in said slots, a rocleshaft mounted in the framework of the machine, an arm carried by said rocleshaft and provided with a head or block, a second arm extending from said rock-shaft toward the front of the machine, a board or fingenpiece carried by said forwardly-extending arm, and a spring serving to elevate the board or finger-piece and throw back the head or block.

26. In combination with the traveling carriage of a type-writing machine, a bar Y, carried thereby, a scri es of slides or tumblers, Z, movable transversely through said bar, a rocksha'ft R mounted in the framework of. the machine, an upright arm S carried by said rochn shaft and provided with head j, and a board or finger-piece O, carried by an arm or arms Q extending forward from rock-shaft R.

27. In combination with the traveling carriage of a type-writing machine, a bar carried thereby parallel with the line of travel, a series of slides or tumblers Z, movable transversely through said bar, and a reciprocating head or block j, having faces o, p, and q, whereby it is adapted to push the slides or tumblers one at a time before it, and thus to permit the step-by-step advance of the carriage.

2S. In combination with the traveling carriage of a type-writing machine, a series of slides or tumblers carried thereby and movable at right angles to its line of travel, and a doubly-inclined guard A in front of the slides or tumblers to return them to their normal position as the carriage is moved.

29. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a series of type-bars, G, a series of key-levers, N, and an intermediate connection between each type-barand its key-lever, consisting of links L, M, and levers K, arranged substantially' as shown and described, whereby each key-lever and type-bar is given thc same leverage and movement, and power is applied to each and every type-bar directly in the plane of its movement.

S0. In combination with shiftable platen N' provided with arms or projections at its ends, and guides therefor substantially as shown, a rock-shaft provided with arms to bear again st the arms or projections of the platen and to move them cordinately.

31. In combination with a platen-frame having posts L', provided with slots c'; rock-shaft M provided with arms CZ', c'; and platen N' having the ends of its shaft or axle I an ranged to rest upon the arms d', e.

In Witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

CHRISTOPHER LA'lHAilI SHOLES.

Witnesses:

H. G. Unnnnwoon, Fnnn SnoLns.

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