US556599A - Steam-generator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

1 Sheets-Sheet 1. C. E. WAKBMAN.

STEAM GENERATOR. l

Patented Mar. 17, 1896.

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ANDREW BLRAMAM Pn (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

C. E. WAKBMAN. STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 556,599. Patented Mar. 1'7, 1896,

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UNITED STATES Frrcn.

PATENT STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,599, dated March 17, 1896.

Application iiled January 6, 1894.

I all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, CHARLES E. WAKEMAN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Pontiac, county of Oakland, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Generators; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to steam-generators, and has for its object improvements in that class of steam-generators in which the surface exposed to heat is increased by making it in the form of tubes that project into the fire-box and between which the fire and heated products of combustion pass on their way from the grate to the chimney.

In general terms the invention comprises a large tank or boiler in'which is contained an abundant supply of water, and below this tank or boiler connected with it are two or more batteries of tubes lying nearly horizontal in the furnace, one of the batteries being located above the grate in front of the bridgewall and the other being located behind the bridge-wall and above the passage-way leading to the chimney. Each of the batteries is in communication with the boiler above it, but is separated from the boiler by a partition made of incombustible matter of a highly refractory nature located above the flue-batteries, but spaced from the boiler above it, so that between the partition and the boiler above is a passage-Way for the heated matters from the replace.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevavation of the boiler, the location of the bridgewall and partition and grate being indicated or shown in section and a part of the iiuebattery being broken away to show the interior construction. Fig. 2 is a section across the boiler and furnace at the line ,r :1; of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the boiler and furnace.

A indicates the upper boiler, which may be considered as a storage-tank for water and a steam-drum.

B and B' indicate the batteries of tubes.

C and O indicate the short cylindrical Serial No. L95,916. (No model.)

d tanks which support the iixed ends of the tubes, and from which the tubes project into 1 the fire-box. D D' E E indicate short tubes connecting the boiler A with the tank O O.

The upper boiler A is a simple cylindrical drum with heads properly secured in it and provided with a suitable manhole H. The 6o drum or tank C is a short tube with heads properly secured in it and divided into two parts by a Vpartition a, about midway between two heads b and c and between the two tubes D and D', which connect it with the upper 65 boiler A.

From the head c spring a number of small tubes T T, reaching inward toward the middle of the fireplace, or a line dropped from the middle of the boiler A, and closed at their 7o inner end near the bridge-wall. These tubes are secured in the head c in any approved way, so as to be secured strongly and in a steam-tight manner. From the partition a spring an equal number of tubes t, of external diameter somewhat smaller than the internal diameter of the tubes T. These tubes t extend inward toward the middle line of the fireplace and lie within the interior of the tubes T. These tubes t are firmly secured in 8o the partition d, and there is an opening into them from the space F.

The inner ends of the tubes t extend nearly to the inner ends of the tubes T, and are also open, so that there is a free passage-way for water from the space F through the tubes to the inner ends of the tubes T and back through the tubes T on the outside of the tubes t to the space G.' There is also a free passageway from the upper boiler A through the 9o tubes D to the space F and from the space G through the tube D to the upper boiler A. The large exposed surface of the tubes T in the lire-box heats the water in those tubes, and heats the water on the outside of the tube t faster, or before the heat reaches the interior of the tube t, and the water external to the tube t constantly tends to escape into the space G and to be replaced by colder water dropping from the upper boiler through D, roo the space F, and passing through the interior of the smaller tube, thus producing a constant circulation of water in the boiler.

The inner ends of each battery of tubes B and B are slightly raised above the outer ends, and the circulation of water washes any accumulation of mud or scale down the ineline into the space G, whence it can be readily removed.

L indicates the grate of the fire-box, and K a bridge-wall which compels the heated products of combustion to pass up through the battery B, down through the battery B', under the box part C of the boiler, whence it passes up over the partition M, underneath the upper boiler A, and escapes by a chimney at the front end or grate end of the boiler.

Generally the inner ends of the batteries B B will be held up in place by the strength of the materials; but if the tubes T are made long it may be necessary to support the inner ends with a spider.

That I claim isl. In a steam-generator, the combination of an upper boiler, water-legs depending therefrom at either end, a battery of double concentric tubes as described extending from cach of said water-legs toward the center of the boiler, a bridge-wall separating said batteries, with an opening above said wall, a longitudinal shield underneath said boiler and extending its entire length, a furnace underneath one of said batteries of tubes, smokepassages through said water-legs communt eating above said shield, whereby the heated gases are passed from said furnace upward through one battery of tubes over said bridgewall, downward through the second battery of tubes underneath the opposite water-leg, and return through the smoke-passages underneath said boiler-shell, substantially as described.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination of an upper boiler, short boilers with batteries of tubes located below and spaced from said upper boiler, short tubes connecting said short boilers with said upper boiler, a division-wallV arranged to entirely separate the upper boiler and batteries of tubes, whereby products of combustion are forced to pass through the batteries of tubes and to return under the upper boiler, substantially as described.

In a steam-generator, the combination with a boiler, dependent water-legs at each end of said boiler, nests of concentric double tubes extending from said water-legs toward each other, and having their inner ends terminate at, or near a plane, midway between said waterlegs, abridge-wall arranged to partially separate the inner ends of said nests, a furnace underneath one of said water-legs and nests of tubes, and means compelling a return of the heated gases through passages extending through and between said water legs in said boiler, substantially as described.

4. ln a steam-generator, the combination of a boiler, dependent water-legs at either end thereof connected to said boiler by a multiplicity of narrow necks with spaces between the same, a battery of concentric tubes projecting from the interior faces of said waterlegs toward each other, a bridge-wall partially separating said batteries, a furnace underneath one of said batteries and water-legs, means compelling the circulation of the heated gases downwardly through the opposite battery and underneath the opposite water-leg, and means compelling a return oi said gases between the passages and around the necks connecting said boiler and waterlegs, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof l sign this speeilieation in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. VAKEMAN.

Vitnesses:

CHARLES F. BURTON, FRANCES CLoUeI-i.

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