US554293A - Eighth to jacob s - Google Patents

Description

F. NEVEGOLD. APPARATUS FOR GONSUMING WASTE GASES.

No. 554,293.. Y YPatvend Fe`b 11, 1896;,

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AUNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK NEVEGOLD, OF COLUMBIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- EIGI-ITII TO JACOB S. MCCLAIN, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR CONSUMING WASTE GASES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,293, dated February 11, 1896. Application lecl May 2, 1895. Serial No. 547,932. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, FREDERICK NEvEG OLD, of Columbia, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Consuming Waste Gases in Furnaces; and

I do hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and

1o to the letters of reference marked thereon,

which form part of this specification.

This invention is an improved apparatus for utilizing and consuming the waste gases or products of combustion in heating, scrap and puddling furnaces, and thereby economizing fuel; and its object is to trap the products of combustion just as they would escape into the stack or chimney, and return them or a portion of them back to the fire-chamber,

zo and to utilize these gases to superheat air which is mixed therewith and injected therewith into the fire-chamber to be consumed, the products being repeatedly returned to the furnace until substantially all the carbona- 2 5 ceous matters therein are thoroughly oxidized. The apparatus is also provided with means whereby steam can be introduced into and commingled with the gases and air, this mixture forming ahighly-combustible heating- 3o gas, the air and steam being so arranged that either and both will assist in withdrawing the waste products from the flue and returning them to the furnace.

The invention 'therefore consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts set forth in the claims, and is shown and described as follows, viz:

In the accompanying drawings, VFigure l is a vertical longitudinal section through aheating-furnace on line l l, Fig. 2. Fig. i. is a horizontal section on line 2 2, Fig. l.

The furnace Amay be of any suitable construction, and is shown as constructed like N ordinary heating-furnaces, with a boiler B superimposed thereover. The products of combustion rising from the fire-chamber C in the furnace pass over bridge-wall c, through the chamber D, up through flue d, back through chamber E, below the boiler, to the 5o stack F, as indicated in the drawings.

Tithin chamber E, just below the uptake and extending forwardly under the boiler, is the gas-trapping apparatus, consisting of a pipe G, lying transversely of chamber E upon the bottom thereof, and having its ends bent forward and connected to theA ends of horizontal pipes II, which extend along the sides of chamber E a suitable distance and connect with vertical pipes H', passing through the floor of the chamber and hereinafter referred 6o to. The ends of pipes II at their junction with pipes Ghave horizontal inward bran ches 7L, which connect with short forwardly-extending pipes I parallel with pipes II, on whose inner ends are gas trapping or collecting hoods ,-\vhich open toward the flue d, and are so located that part of the gases flowing through chamber E will be trapped therein. Into these hoods lead steam-jetsj on the lower ends of pipes J connected to the steam-dome 7o of the boiler and controlled by a valve jf, as indicated in the drawings. These jets will suck the products of combustion into pipes I and force them thence into pipes Il.

Pipe Gis provided with injector-heads g at its ends, which enter pipes II just at the junction of pipes 7L therewith, and thus the air which is forced into pipe C. through pipes G', connected with an air-forcing apparatus or air-blast, (not shown,) will suck air into pipes 8o II from chamber E, even if the steam-jets be closed.

Preferably pipe G is much larger in crosssection than feed-air pipe G or the heads g, so that the air will expand therein and become instantly heated before it passes through the injectors g into pipes H. By this preliminary heating and expansion of the air in pipe G the blast through pipes H is rendered more uniform and powerful and there is less eX- 9o pansion and consequent retardation of the air in pipes II.

It is customary for heating-furnaces to employ forced air-blast. Hence it is only necessary to connect pipe G. with the air-blast appa- 9 5 ratus which is already in use whenapplying the invention to old heating-furnaces.

Pipes H are provided with regulatingvalves H2 and connect at bottom with pipes K, passing horizontally along the sides of the iirechamber and provided with jet tubes, through which the mixed air and gases and IOO steam are jetted into the fire-chamber, as indicated in the drawings.

Pipes K connect with a transverse pipe 7o at the end of the fire-chamber, that is also provided with jets, through which the gases are injected into the fire-chamber above the fuel but below the top of the bridge-wall.l

Pipes H also supply air to a transverse pipe L, arranged near to and parallel with the bridge-wall c and provided with jets, by which the gases can be injected downwardly into the products of combustion passing over the bridge-wall.

The jets from pipes K, 7c, and L may be arranged in any suitable manner, so that these pipes will be protected from the intense heat. In practice pipes K may be inclosed in the walls of the furnace or when applied to an old furnace they may be arranged exterior thereto and passages bored through the furnace-walls for the introduction of the gasjets.

As shown, pipes K are embedded in the side walls and provided with short jet-tubes K2, leading into flaring openings A2 in the sides of the fire-chamber. The jet-tubes K2 can be closed by valves K2, having stems Kl proj ecting through the pipes and side of furnace, as indicated in the drawings, or other suitable valves may be used. By this means the amount of gases and air and the points of introduction thereof into the furnace can be regulated at will.

Above valves H2 pipes H connect with a pipe H3, provided with a valve H'L and connecting with a pipe H, extending transversely across flue d and provided with jets m, leading thereinto, so that when desired a portion of the gases maybe introduced into said flue and combustion increased in chamber E beneath the boiler; also, as it may sometimes be desired not to run the furnace or introduce gases into the chambers C D, the iiue d may be alone supplied with the gases and combustion maintained in chamber E suiiicient to keep up steam in the boiler.

As the air-blast would be constant, by opening valve H4 pipes G H would always be kept about at the same temperature, even if valve H2 was closed, and bypartially opening valves H2 H4 the amount of mixed air and gases, &.c., introduced into the nrc-chamber C and ilue d can be regulated as desired.

In practice there should be the usual airblast pipe N below the grate, as indicated in the drawings, provided with a valve n., so that sufficient draft can be had through the bed of fuel on the grate to maintain combustion.

In operation the blast beneath the grate should be reduced, or only used at intervals to maintain combustion. The air driven into pipe G and through injector g into pipes H sucks therein products of combustion from chamber E and mixes therewith in passing through pipes H, and thence escapes through pipes K cL into the fire-chamber in the most advantageous positions to be incorporated and commingled with the gaseous products of combustion rising from the grate, and the large quantity of oxygen in the mixed air and gases thus injected into the iire chamber causes a very Iierce combustion in chambers C and D of the carbonaceous matters in the gases, and in repassing through chamber E a greater or less portion of the Igases is sucked back into pipe H and are reoxidized and burned in chambers C D, as before. The intensity of the combustion, the violence of the draft, and the volume of waste gases returned tothe furnace can be augmented by turning on the steam-jets, as is evident. Thus there is a circulation of gases in an endless path through chambers C D d E and pipes H H K 7c L, resulting in the almost perfect combustion of all oxidizable and combustible gases and particles of carbon escaping from the fuel on the grate. The air coming into pipe G expands and is heated by conduction and radiation of the heated walls of chamber E and also further heated by mixture with the waste gases in pipes H, the air keeping the pipes at a safe temperature and the gases heating the air in the pipes.

The pipe G may be provided with a valve G2, so that, if desired, the air can be wholly or partially shut off.

Vith this apparatus therefore I can inject mixed air and products of combustion or mixed steam and products of combustion, or mixed air, steam and products in regulated quantities and of the character best suited to the work being done in the furnace.

Having thus described my invention, what I therefore claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent thereon, is-

l. The combination of a furnace, an airheating pipe or chamber in the outlet-fine thereof but not communicating therewith, means for supplying air under pressure to said pipe, and pipes for returning products of combustion from the outlet-fl ue of the furnace to the combustion-chambers thereof, with the injectors connecting the air-heating pipe or chamber with the return-pipes, whereby the hot air escaping from the heating-pipe into the return-pipes creates a suction and withdraws products of combustion from the flue, mixes them with air and returns the mixture into the eombustion-chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination of the furnace, an airheating pipe or chamber in the outlet thereof, means for supplying air under pressure to said pipe, and pipes for returning products of combustion from the outlet-flue of the furnace to the combustion-chambers thereof, with the injectors located in the outlet iiue or chamber and connecting the air-heating pipe or chamber with the return-pipes, whereby the hot air escaping from the heating-pipe into the return-pipes creates a suction in the return-pipes and returns products of combus tion mixed with air into the combustion-chambers, and steam-jets also communicating with IOO IIO

said return-pipes exterior to the junction of the air-pipes therewith, for the purpose and substantially as described.

The combination of a furnace, the airheating pipe G in the outlet thereof, the compressed-air supply to said pipe, the injectornozzle g on the end thereof within the outlet of the furnace opening into a pipe H, the pipe H communicating with the outlet-flue of the furnace and adapted to withdraw products of combustion therefrom, and the air and gas jet pipes communicating with the combustionchambers of the furnace, and connections between pipe H and said jet-pipes, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the furnace, the jetpipes communicating with the combustionchambers thereof, the pipes 7L and I in the outlet of the furnace-pipe I opening into said flue, the pipes H, H', connecting pipes 71. with the jet-pipes; the steam-jets j opening` into pipes I, and the regulating-valves on pipes II with the air-heating pipe G in the outlet of the furnace, having injectors g leading into pipes H at the junction of pipes 71, therewith, and means for supplying fresh air to l pipe G, all substantially as described.

5. The combination with a furnace having a nre-chamber, and two successive combustion-chambers as D and E connected by an intermediate iiue d; of means for trapping the waste products of combustion issuing from chamber E; and mixing them with air or steam, pipes for conducting a portion of the mixed air and products back into the iirechamber, and pipes for introducing a portion of said waste products and air into the line d, for the purpose and substantially as described.

G. The combination of the furnace, the jetpipes communicating with the combustionchambers thereof; the valved pipe I'I connected to said jet-pipes, the pipe I opening into the outlet-line, the pipe I-I connecting pipe I with pipe H', the air-heating pipe G, means for supplying air thereto under pressure, the injector g on said pipe communicating with pipe H at the junction of pipe I therewith,

substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the furnace, the jetpipes communicating with the combustionchambers thereof; the valved pipe H connected to said jet-pipes, the pipe I opening into the outlet-iiue, the pipe H connecting pipe I with pipe H', the air-heating pipe G, means for supplying air thereto under pressure, the injector g on said pipe communicating with pipe I-I at the junction of pipe I therewith, and the steam-jet pipe j opening into pipe I, substantially as described and for the purpose speciiied.

8. The combination with the furnace having fire-chamber C, combustion-chamber D, flue d, combustion-chamber E, and outlet F, the jet-pipes communicating with the firechamber, and the jet-pipes communicating with flue CZ, of the traps t', the pipes I, h, and H, in chamber E pipes I communicating therewith,the valved pipes connecting pipes H with the j et-pipes, the air-heating pipe G, in chamber E having injectors g on its ends entering pipes H, and means for supplying air to pipe Y G, all substantially as described.

9. The combination with the furnace having fire-chamber C, combustion-chamber D, flue d, combustion-chamber E, and outlet F, the j et-pipes communicating with the firechamber, and the jet-pipes communicating with flue d; of the pipes I, 7i, and H, in chamber E, pipes I communicating therewith the valved pipes connecting pipes I-I with the jetpipes, the air-heating pipe G, in chamber E, having injectors g on its ends entering` pipes H, means for supplying `air to pipe G, the hoods t' on the ends of pipes I, and the steamjets j entering said hoods, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK NEVEGOLD.

l/Vitnesses:

J AMES R. MANSFIELD, ARTHUR E. DownLL.

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