US554082A - Mining-pump - Google Patents

Description

2 shets-sheet 1. W. NANCE.

MINING PUMP (No Model.)

Patented Feb. 4, 1896.

No. 554,082. zyz f' .2.

(No Model.) 2I -Sheef,sf-sheez 2.

W. NANOE. MINING PUMP.

No. 554,082. l Patented-Peb. 4, 18596(I fyi.:

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mm 'lll/4 -1 AN DREW B GRAHAM. PHOTMQWASMIMI'OIIE.

NITED 4STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

VILLIAM NANCF., OF GRASS VALLEY, CALIFORNIA.

MINING-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,082, dated February 4, 1896.

Application filed February 5, 1895. Serial No. 537,402. (No model.) l

To @ZZ whom it may concern: p

Be it known that I, VILLIAM NANCE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grass Valley, Nevada county, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Mining- Pumps; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description 'of the same.

My invention relates to certain improvements in pumps of that'class which are employed for pumping from deep-mining shafts, and it is especially adapted to pumps of that class known as the Cornish type.

It consists in certain details ot' construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section showing aportion of the pump and the valve mechanism in the line y y of Fig. .5. Fig. 2 is a section showing the attachment of the piston-rod and means for its adjustment. Fig. 3 is a section of the guide-plate and the adjustingchair. Fig. 4l is a view showing the connection of the pump-rod when a plunger or pole is used. Fig. 5 isa horizontal section on line a' of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is an enlarged View showing the piston-rod stuffing-box. Fig. 7 is an enlarged section of the piston. Fig. 8 is a general view of the arrangement and connection of the pump and engine. Figs. 9 and 10 are details of the sinking-pump auxiliary valve and device for removing it. Fig. 11 isa section at ze, Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a plan view of one of the main valves. Fig. 13 shows the manner of connecting the pumprod sections. Fig. 14 is a detail showing a plan view of the inner ring or flange g with its openings surrounding the piston-rod.

The object of my invention is to applya double-acting mechanism to the form known as Cornish plunger-pump, whereby the pump is made double acting and its duty increased, and while retaining the valuable features of this form of pump I am enabled with other modifications to reduce the weightv of the moving parts more than sixty per cent.

In carrying out my invention I have shown two forms, one in which a piston is adapted to move within a cylinder and is connected by suitable means with the reciprocating pump-rod, and the other in which a plunger is employed which nearly fills the whole cyl inder and is similarly connected with the pump-rod.

The first arrangement is shown in Fig. 1, in which Ais a cylinder. C is a piston-rod extending upward through the stuffing-box in the top of the cylinder and connecting with the pump rod, as will be hereinafter described.

It will be manifest that while only a single one of these pumps and connections is shown several stations may be employed at difterent levels when the mine is several hundred feet in depth, each station having its own pumping-cylinder and connections with the pump-rod which extends the whole distance from the surface to the bottom of the shaft, and each pump delivers water into a tank through a pump-column and the last column extends to the surface or point of discharge in the usual manner.

The pump-cylinder A is counterbored at both top and bottom, as shown at a, so that the piston B will pass a short distance out of the pump-cylinder at both top and bottom of the stroke. This prevents chambering, so called, which consists in wearing that portion of the cylinder within which the piston reciprocates, so that eventually the central portion becomes larger and shoulders are formed at each end of the piston-stroke. By my construction, as the piston passes a little'beyond each end of the cylinder proper at each stroke, this chambering will be prevented and the cylinder will remain essentially of the same size, the wear being uniform from one end to the other.

The piston consists of a disk B, loosely fitting around the piston-rod Cand having legs B/ extending down and resting upon the annular disk or plate h, which rests upon a collar c fixed upon the ypiston-rod C. Below this is another disk, d,which is situated below a collar e, fixed upon the piston-rod a short distance below the collar c. The disk d is held up against the collar e by a key d', passing through the rod below the disk. Above the disk B is anothervdisk, f, and this is separated from the disk B by intermediate flanges or rings g. This disk f forms the top of the stuffing-box gland which makes a tight covering for the joints of the packing-rings IOO 7L. The upper packing-rings of this piston areshown at 7L, and are situated between the top plate f and the plate B. The lower packing-rings 71. are in turn situated between the disks b and d, and these disks b d are separated from each other by an annular ring C', similar to those which separate the upper disks.

Between the disks B b anlass of stift grease n or tallow is filled in so as to fill the hollow space at this point and extend out to the inner walls of the cylinder A. In introducing this grease I employ semicylinders of metal, which are so curved as to fit closely 5 around the piston-rod C, and the grease is packed or tamped in from above before the upper disks and rings are in place until the space is filled.

By withdrawing the semicylinders which fit around the piston-rod a channel will be left around the piston-rod, and water entering this channel through holes from above under the pressure caused by the weight of water in the pump-column and the cylinder above the piston will act to force the grease outward against the Walls of the cylinder, thus keeping the latter perfectly lubricated.

The upper and lower disks, f and (I, are held together by screw-bolts t', which pass through the upper disks, f, and the top of B, also through the disk b, and the lower ends of these bolts being threaded they screw into the lower disk, d, as shown. Nuts being screwed upon the upper ends ot' these bolts it will be seen that, 5 through the pressure upon the disk f, the rings g and the top of the disk B, and the pressure in the opposite direction upon the disk d, the two plates b CZ will be respectively forced against the collars c c on the pistonrod, thus locking the parts of the piston firmly to the piston-rod, at the same time allowing them to be easily removed for repairs or for replenishing the lubricant when the latter is exhausted.

5 The stuffing-box gland E, through which the piston-rod C passes, as shown in Fig. l, is connected with the fiange of the stuffingbox by screw-bolts F, which pass up through the gland and have nuts G fitted to the upper ends. These nuts have grooved reels or drums fitted upon them, and cords I-I are wound upon these grooved drums, extending thence over direction-pulleys I, thence downward to weights J, which act constantly to turn the 5 nuts G and cause them to advance downward upon the screw-bolts F. This constantly forces the gland E into the stuffing-box, and the packing therein is thus kept constantly tight upon the piston-rod C and an automatic adjustment is provided.

Then the plunger or pole, as it is technically termed, is employed, this plunger nearly fills the pump-cylinder, and it passes into the cylinder through a stufii11g-box,wl1ich is well shown in section, Fig. 4.-. In this case a layer of hard grease af is introduced between the two layers of packing b3, or the device shown at Fig. 6 may be used if preferred.

In Fig. 6 the stuffing-box K is filled with hemp or other suitable packing to any desired amount, with a chamber Z2 between the top and bottom layers of packing, which is adapted to receive an oil or essentially liquid lubricant, which is supplied from the reservoir L by pipes, as shown. The packing and oil-chamber nearly fill the stuffing-box, and the oil lubricates the piston-rod as it passes through it. Pressure upon the stuffing-box gland acts upon the upper layer of packing, through this upon the chamber Z2, which in turn presses upon the lower layer of packing, Z3.

The gland E enters the -stufiing-box K surrounding the piston-rod C, and this gland is drawn down by means of flexible cords O attached to the lower side ot' the flange of the gland, extending thence around pulleys P, thence upward over another guide-pulley Q, and thence down to a weight, as shown at R, which, exerting a constant force through the cord O by reason of the changes of direction over the pulleys P and Q, it acts to constantly pull down upon the gland and thus keep a uniform pressure upon the packing and oilreservoir within the stuffing-box to maintain a tight joint.

In order to prevent the lifting up of the gland E by the friction of the moving plunger, or to prevent it in any way being lifted out of the stuffing-box, I have shown a pawland-ratchet mechanism at S in which the pawl engages a straight rack as the cord O is moved by reason of the weight, and this ratchet mechanism holds all that has been gained, thus keeping the gland firmly in place in the stuffing-box.

The connection between the piston-rod C and the pump-rod D is made as shown in Figs. l and 2.

T is a block ot' wood, technically called a distance-piece, of such thickness that it extends from the side of the pump-rod D to such a point as to have its outer edge essentially in line with the piston-rod C. The upper end of the piston-rod enters a block U, wherein it is secured by a key V passing through the two. A plate IV has its lower end made with a T-head, which enters a transverse dovetailed slot in the block U, where it is locked in place when the key V is driven in. This plate WI extends upwardiy and has the upper end screw-threaded, and by means of adjusting and locking nuts Z the plate and the piston-rod connected therewith may be raised, so that any sagging caused by wear ot journal pins or brasses, and the consequent settling of the pump-rod, may be compensated by turning these nuts and raising the pistonrod and piston, so that the latter will always reciprocate through essentially the same space in the pump-cylinder. Before this adjustment is made the nuts M, which clamp the IOO IIO

yokes M and secure the distance-piece to the pump-rod, are loosened, and after the adj ustment has been made they are again tightened.

The piston-rod is caused to move vertically and prevented by guides A2 from swinging out of line on account of irregularities of movement of the pump-rod or the side lift upon the piston-rod caused by the connection of the piston-rod with the pump-rod. This guide is a flat plate upon which the block U i's fitted to slide in its reciprocation, similarly to the cross-head of an engine, as shown in 3. The ends of the guide are fixed to chairsv B2, which are in turn secured to beams or timbers C2 permanently iixed Vin the shaft. The ends of the guide A2 are movable within the chair to keep them in the proper line by means of adj Listing-screws D2 and E2, so that any displacement by swelling of the Wood or other causes is easily compensated.

In order to lighten and also strengthen the pump-rods as much as possible I have shown them made with reinforcing-plates m, Figs. 2, 8, and 13.

v In deep mines the weight of the pump-rods may amount to a hundred tons or more, and as the wood decays their strength is not sufficient for the work to be done. These old rods are abutted together in the usual construction, and have heavy straps of steel extending across the joints upon four opposite sides bolted to the timbers above and belowr the joint. In my invention I employ similar straps of steel, two of which straps are made to extend the whole length of the pump-rod sections D, and these, by greatly strengthening the rods, enable me to make the latter much smaller and lighter and of suicient weight to balance the water-columns on the downstroke and strength to lift them on the upstroke, thus securing a proper and more durable rigidity to force the column on the downstroke as well as a more uniform and durable strength for lifting the required Weight on the upstroke. The main object of this construction is to greatly reduce the enormous weight of the ordinary pump-rod, to do away with the counterbalancebobs in the shaft, which are absolutely necessary in the ordinary methods to take up the surplus weight of the rod.' By this simple modification in the construction of the rod and by the use of a double instead of a single-acting pump, now generally used, I have succeeded in reducing the weight thereof about sixtyve per cent., and proportionately increasing the duty of the pumping-engine. In order to connect these strapsm where they meet at the joints and make these straps continuous from end to end I have shown the upper end of theA straps made with a hook-shaped projection, as shown at n, Fig. 13. The lower ends of each of these plates are curved outward to extend down outside of the hooks n, and they have inwardly-projecting hooks o, which are adapted to engage with the hooks n, Fig. 13, so that in addition to the usual connections yof the pump-rods I have these supplemental extended straps or plates bolted on, which strengthen the rods, as before described, and form a continuous reinforcement. In the present case I have shown the upper end' of the pump-rod connecting with a bell-crank rocking lever or bob p, as shown in Fig. 8. The vertical arm of this lever is connected by a sweep-rod q with the crank-pin r of the engine.

In order to counterbalance the surplus Weight of the pump-rod and the other parts to be lifted thereby and to equalize the resistance to the engine on the up-andedown stroke I have shown a balance-bob s, adapted to carry any amount of weight 15, and this is connected with a crank-pin r by the sweeprod q.

Y In order to check the momentum of the pump-rod and connected parts on the downward stroke and overcome the inertia of the rod and loss of power-upon the change of direction to the upward stroke I have shown a cushion o, of any vsuitable elastic substance, and a bumper u, adapted to form contact with it. This bumper a is fitted upon a screwthreaded rod w, and may be adj usted With relation to the elastic cushion o, so as to compensate for any wear of parts and cause the bumper and cushion to come together at approximately the end of the downwardstroke of the pump-rod. The power to stop the rod at the end of the downstroke is transferred to the cushion or spring, and this is utilized at the commencement of the upstroke to overcome the inertia of the great weight. This cushion or spring may also be used on the balance-bob and all other moving parts of the machinery;

In Fig. l, in which the piston moves Within a pump-cylinder, I have shown suction-valves or clacks 2, one of which is fitted in the valvechamber at the bottom of the pumpecylinder and the other in a valve-chamber near the top, and the upper valve-chamber is connected with the suction-pipe by an intermediate pipe F2.

3 3 are the discharge-valves which deliver the water on each stroke into the pump-column 4, and this construction will be found at each of the stations where a pump is in operation delivering into the tank, and eventually delivers the water at the surface or other4 nected in this case with the pump-rod D by means of a di stance-block T', which is secured to the pump-rod by straps, and the plunger is keyed to the block in any suitable or desired manner, so as to insure its reciprocation IOO IIO

with the pump-rod D. In this case, in which the pole or plunger is employed, the valve mechanism is constructed as shown in Fig. 8, in which the inlet-valve for the lower plungercylinder N is shown at 5, the outlet-valve at 6 delivers into the water-column 4.

7 is a pipe leading from below the valvechamber and connecting with the tank N2, which is supplied by the pump-column of the next pump below. (Not here shown.) A similar pipe leads from the tank to the upper suction-valve, 9, and water is thus drawn from the tank at both the up and the down stroke of the plunger.

10 is the outlet-valve chamber of the upper cylinder communicating by a pipe or passage 11 with the pump-column 1i, so that the plunger-pump is thus made double acting.

Figs. 9, 10, 1], and 12 show the arrangement of the auxiliary valve. In this case I have shown the inlet-valve 2 hinged to a removable conical seat, which iits in a correspondinglyshaped socket. The hinge-pin G2 is rounded at the ends, Fig. 12, and fits correspon dingly-shaped sockets, which thus prevent end motion of the pin and keep the valve in place. These valves sometimes become inoperative, and not being accessible when under water I employ a supplemental valve 14, (shown in Fig. 9,) which is introduced into the cylinder by means of a rod 15, having a screw' 1G, removably iixed to its lower end and adapted to screw into a bail or yoke 17 on the frame, as shown in Fig. 9. By this device this supplemental valve is lowered until it rests upon the enlarged supporting end of the inclined rod 13, which is set into the chamber of the valve 2, as shown in Fig. 10. lVhen this valve 14: is in place the rod is unscrewed and the valve left in place, after which the piston is attached to the rod and lowered into the cylinder, and the rod being connected with the pumping mechanism the work proceeds. The gearing or packing of this valve consists of a rubber or guttapercha ring 18, cast in a single piece and clamped firmly to the valve-ring or bucketform by a ring 19, which is driven upon the smaller reduced lower end of the packingring. A washer 2O is held against the bottom of the ring and packing by keys 21. (Shown in Figs. 9 and 11.) This packing has more surface against the cylinder, wears longer than leather, and the material may be used over when worn out.

12 is a door or plate fitting the side of the valve-chamber and removable, so as to obtain access to the valve 2 when the water is low enough for this purpose, and the arm 13 may be removed and the valve lei removed through the door 12. If the valve 14 also becomes disabled, so that it must be replaced before the water is low enough to uncover the door 12, I employ a double-spring hook or grab 22, which is let down and engages the bail or yoke 17, as shown in Fig. 10.

In order to settle any sand orsediment and tom of the chamber before the water reaches l the inlet of the pump-valve chambers.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a mining-pump,a reciprocatin g pumprod formed of connected and reinforced wooden sections,means for connecting the piston rods or plungers therewith, an actuating mechanism consisting of bell-crank oscillating levers or bobs, the horizontal arm of one connected with the pump-rod, and the other carrying a counterbalance-weight, and the vertical arms connected by pitmen with an engine-crank intermediate between the two, a horizontal rod extending beyond the weightcarrying bob or lever, a fixed cushion through which the rod passes and an adjustable bumper mounted upon the rod and adapted to make contact with the cushion at the end of the downstroke of the pump-rod.

2. In a mining-pump, a vertically-reciprocating pump-rod, a pump-cylinder with inlet and outlet valves, a piston reciprocating in the cylinder, a piston-rod extending through a stuffing-box in the upper part of the cylinder, a distance-block fixed to the pump-rod projecting to one side therefrom into the line of travel of the piston-rod from the pumpcylinder, a connection therewith consisting of a block having a dovetailed slot and a key by which the piston-rod is secured to said block.

3. In amining-pump,areciprocatingpumprod, a pump-cylinder having a piston reciprocating therein and inlet and outlet Valves whereby water is lifted and delivered to a pump-column, a piston-rod extending upwardly through a stuiing-box on the pumpcylinder, a distance-block ixed to the side of the pump-rod extending outwardly in line with the piston-rod, a block fixed thereto having a dovetailed slot, and a key by which the upper end of the piston-rod is secured to said block, a vertical plate having a T or cross at its lower end entering a dovetailed slot in the block at the head of the piston-rod, said plate being movable vertically, and screws and nuts by which said plate is moved so as to adjust the piston in the cylinder.

il. In a mining-pump, a piston rod or plunger connected with a reciprocating pump-rod, a stuffing-box having layers of packing material at the top and bottom with an intermediate body of lubricating material, a gland or follower fitting the stuiiing-box, and weighted cords connected with the gland so as to apply a constant pressure to cause it to automatically follow the packing.

IOO

IIO

5. In a mining-pump,a reciprocating pumprod, a pump-column adapted to receive water to be raised, a pump or cylinders with pistons or plungers reciprocating therein and valvechambers through which water is admitted to and discharged from the pump by each reciprocation of the plunger, weighted cords connected with the glands of the stuffing-boxes whereby the glands are advanced to press upon the packing in the stuffing-box and keep a tight joint, and pawl-and-ratchet mechanism bywhich the advance of the glands is retained.

6. In a mining-pu1np,a reciprocatingpumprod, a water-column through which water is delivered, a pump-cylinder with valve-chambers connecting with opposite ends whereby water is delivered through the pump-cylinder into the pump-column, a piston iitting the pump-cylinder consisting of heads or disks having packing-rings between them, an intermediate chamber adapted to contain grease in a solid form, and a channel formed between it and the piston-rod whereby the pressure of the water from above acts to keep the grease in contact with the interior of the pump-cylinder.

7. The piston consisting of disks f B and b d, with packing-rin gs between each pair of disks at the top and bottom, an intermediate greasecontaining chamber, screw rods extending through the disks from top to bottom, nuts by which the disks are drawn toward each other, and collars iixed upon the piston-rod, against the opposite sides of which the disks b d are clamped by the tension screw-rods.

8. In a mining-pump,a reciprocating pumprod, a pump-cylinder with piston and pistonrod movable parallel with the pump-rod, a distance-block clamped to the pump-rod and a head for connecting the piston-rod thereto, in combination with a guide having its ends ixed to permanent supports in the shaft, the

head which connects the distance-block with the piston-rod being slidable on the guide.

9. In a mining-pump,a reciprocatingpumprod, a pump-cylinder with a piston and pistonrod movable parallel with the pump-rod, a distance -block clamped to the pump-rod, a head by which the piston-rod is connected with the distance-block, aguide upon which the head is slidable, chairs fixed to permanent supports in the shaft, and screws by which the ends of the guide are adj ustably connected with the chairs.

10. In a mining-pump, a pumping-cylinder, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, and inlet and outlet valves, in combination with a supplemental inlet-valve removably fitting the cylinder above the inlet-valve chamber, and a removable arm or bar within said chamber upon which the supplemental valve is supported.

l1. The auxiliary valve having an exterior removable packing-ring of rubber or guttapercha said ring being cast integral and having a cylindrical enlarged upper portion forming an extended bearing with parallel sides supported throughout their length by the sides of the cylinder and having its lower portion of reduced diameter, ametal ring adapted to surround the reduced portion to clamp it upon the valve, a bail or yoke having extensions adapted to pass between the valve and its packing-rin g said extensions projecting below the valve and provided with slots and keys fitting said slots and pressing against the ring to hold it in place.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM NANCE.

Vitnesses S. H. NoURsE, GEO. I-I. STRONG.

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