US552582A - Piston-valve - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

BLW. NA YLOR.

PISTON VALVE.

No. 552,582. Patented Jan. 7,1896,

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ANDREW BBRANAMJHUTOLTHUMASHINGTON 9C.

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Patented Jan. '7, 1896';-

(No Model.) v

E. W. NAYLOR. PISTON VALVE.

A AMJHOTO-UTHdWASNINGToKDC. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST wNAYLoR, or BOUND BROOK, NEw' JERSEY.

PISTON-VALVE.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 552,582, dated January '7, 1896.

Application filed March 9, 1895. Serial No. 541,181. (No model.) 7

hydraulic pumping machinery of the class,

shown and described in my Letters Patent of the United States No. 538,880, dated May 7, 1895.

The object of my present improvement is to establish equilibrium between the gravity of the valves and connected moving parts and the gravity or pressure of the column of water; and my invention consists in certain novel features of construction, hereinafter fully described and claimed, whereby the said object is accurately attained, especially in machines working under columns of considerable altitude.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the valvular parts and movable connections; and Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken at a m, Fig. 1.

The improved valvular mechanism herein shown may be applied to operating or motive cylinders and to pump-cylinders alike. I

have shown said mechanismin connection with operating-cylinders, one of which appears in section at A, Fig. 2.

B represents an operating-ram. The drawings show a duplex valvular arrangementfor two such rams, each connected to its valve in precisely the Same manner as shown in Fig. 2.

The enlargement G of the valve-casing connects with the port 4 of the cylinder A.

E represents the inlet and F the outlet pertaining to each casing O.

D is an intermediate connecting-frame.

The distributing-Valve G comprises a piston reciprocating in a removable cylinder 2, which has ports 3 opening into the port or passage 4 of the operating-cylinder A.

The valves G are balanced, connected, and

operated through the agency of the vibrating and connecting-links 6.

beam I, moving them in opposite directions simultaneously by means of piston-rods 5 The piston-rods 5 are suitably packed at glands '7, and guided by cross-heads 8 in the guides 9.

Below the valve-piston G, and connected thereto by the extended piston-rod 5, there is a counter-pressure piston H, reciprocating in the removable cylinder 12, the pipe 13 permitting free egress and ingress of water or air below the piston II. The pipe E permanently communicates with the space 10 between the pistons G and H through ports 14 in the removable cylinder 2.

The pistons G and H are of differential area, and according to the head under which the machine is built to operate the difference of area is So proportioned that the preponderating pressure on the under surface of the upper piston will exactly balance the weight of the moving partsnamely, the pistons G H, the piston-rod 5, the cross-head 8, the links 6, and a share of the weight of the beam I- thus relieving Strain on the structure of the machine.

The pressure of the water is in many instances far greater than would counterbalance the piston Gand aforesaid moving parts, and a detrimental upward strain results, which is overcome by the counter-pressure piston H.

In operation the beam I, being actuated by a suitable motor, will, for instance, raise the piston-valve G, admitting the operating head of water from inlet E to cylinder A, forcing the operating-ram B downward. At the recovery stroke of the ram B the valve G is reversed, discharging the water from cylinder A through outlet F. The pressure remains constant between the differential pistons G H and is always in excess of the pressure in pipe F above the piston G. The same condition applies when the casing O with its port 4 is connected to a pump in lieu of an operating-cylinder A. In such alternative the pipe E would become functionally the outlet and the pipe F the inlet, but the relative pressure would remain the same, that greatest being below the piston. G and between it and the counter-pressure piston H.

The arrangement shown affords reduction of pressure on the piston-valve G without reducing its required area or the portage capacity.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the combination with an operating ram, of a single vertically reciprocating piston distributing valve for the ram controlling a port lateral to said piston valve communieating with the cylinder of said ram, a water pressure inlet below said piston valve, a discharge water outlet above said piston valve, a vibrating beam for actuating said piston valve, and a non-valvular counterbalancing piston connected to said piston valve below the same and exposed to the working pressure in said inlet above said counterbalancing piston, the same being free from pressure in the chamber beneath it, and adapted to partially counteract the upward pressure 011 the piston valve in such measure that the combined weight of said pistons and connected parts shall be substantially equalized by said upward pressure.

2. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the valvular construction, con sisting in a vibrating Valve actuating beam,

and connected and suspended therefrom at opposite sides of its fulcrum, two Vertical piston distributing valves controlling cylinder ports lateral thereto, water pressure ports below said piston valves, discharge ports above the same, and counterbalancing nonvalvular pressure pistons below said piston valves connected thereto to receive a part of the pressure exerted beneath the piston valves; said counterbalancing pistons being free from pressure in the chambers beneath them, and being of such proportionate size to the said piston valves that the surplus pressure on the latter shall substantially equalize the load of said pistons and connected parts and relieve strain on the fulcrum of said beam. I

3. Pairs of rigidly connected counterbalancing pistons of relatively different diameters, ports and piston chambers for the same, and pivoted link connections attached to the pairs of pistons for balancing the same.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York this 8th day of March, A. D. 1895.

ERNEST XV. NAYLOR. Vitnesses ARTHUR R. KING, HENRY F. PARKER.

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