US5514028A - Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor - Google Patents
Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5514028A US5514028A US08/178,774 US17877494A US5514028A US 5514028 A US5514028 A US 5514028A US 17877494 A US17877494 A US 17877494A US 5514028 A US5514028 A US 5514028A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sandpaper
- sheet
- bar code
- substrate
- ink
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000842962 Apoda limacodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940041493 fiber choice Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 glycol ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/008—Finishing manufactured abrasive sheets, e.g. cutting, deforming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/08—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for dispensing thin flat articles in succession
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a single sheet sandpaper delivery system and single sheet sandpaper therefor.
- the present sandpaper delivery systems suffer from several problems including, but not limited to, inefficiency and lack of desirability in the market place.
- UPC Universal Product Code
- multiple sandpaper sheets are packaged in a single paper container which have the UPC marking thereon.
- the sandpaper sheets are packaged in a manner such that the packages are hung in a vertical manner from a peg board or like for viewing and identification, taking up large amount of showroom square footage within a store.
- the present invention seeks to overcome the problems associated with the prior art in providing a novel single sheet sandpaper delivery system and single sandpaper sheet therefor.
- the present invention is directed to a single sheet sandpaper delivery system, comprising at least one stackable tray having a support surface, at least two sides, wherein one of each of the sides is connected an opposing edge portion of the support surface and extends generally normal thereto, and wherein the support surface has an edge portion laterally spacing the sides.
- the system further includes at least one sandpaper package having housing portion of a size and configuration slightly less than the support surface, the portion having at least two first flap portions of a predetermined length of between about 1/8" to 5/8" connected to opposing edge portions of the housing portion, and wherein each the first flap portion has bendably connected thereto a second flap portion of a length and configuration such that when the first flap portions are bent in a common direction generally normal to the housing surface portion, the second flap portions are bent inwardly toward one another in a generally parallel to a plane formed by said main portion, the second flap portions being interconnectable to one another to form the package, the housing portion further including zipper perforations which extend radially inwardly a predetermined distance from one of the edges of the housing portion and terminate in a common opening defined in the housing portion.
- the system has a plurality of sandpaper sheets disposed in the package.
- the system is directed to a single sheet sandpaper delivery system, comprising a stackable tray having a support surface, a first side connected to a first edge of the support surface extending generally normal thereto, a second side connected to a second edge of the support surface extending generally normal thereto, and a third edge connecting the first edge and said second edge wherein an opening is defined between the sides.
- the system further includes at least one sandpaper package having a first housing portion of a size and configuration slightly less than the support surface of tray, the first housing portion having at least three edges, wherein each edge has a first flap portion bendably connected thereto of a predetermined length of between about 1/8" to 5/8" and wherein each of the first flap portions has bendably connected thereto a second flap portion of a length and configuration such that when the first flap portions are bent in common direction generally normal to the first housing portion, the second flap portions are bendable inwardly toward one another generally parallel to the first housing portion, and the second flap portions are interconnectable to one another to form a housing of the package.
- the first housing portion includes zipper perforations which extend diagonally inwardly a predetermined distance from corners common to one of the first housing portion's edge and terminates in a common opening defined in the first housing portion.
- the package includes a plurality of single sandpaper sheets disposed therein.
- the single sandpaper sheet of the present invention are further characterized such that each has a substrate having a first side of sufficient porosity to readily accept and maintain a coat of adhesive material and a second side sufficiently nonporous to accept a printed ink bar code with minimal diffusion to provide an overall improved and acceptable scan analysis profile; a base adhesive coat substantially covering and penetrating the first side of the substrate; an abrasive grit material dispersed over and bonded to the base adhesive cost and the first side; and an ink printed bar code on the second side of said substrate, wherein the ink is of a high solids content and high dry weight.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional representation of a sandpaper sheet of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a magnified photographic view of a grit/adhesive covered surface of a piece of sandpaper.
- FIG. 3 is another magnified photographic view of a grit/adhesive covered surface of a piece of waterproof sandpaper.
- FIG. 4 is a depiction of the process for making the sandpaper of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a magnified picture of the prior art sandpaper sheet backing having a bar code printed thereon.
- FIG. 6 is a magnified picture of the sandpaper sheet backing of the present invention having a bar code printed thereon.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a sandpaper tray of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the package of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing single sheet sandpaper delivery system of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a single sandpaper sheet 10 which is believed unique and novel for use with the present invention.
- the sheet 10 includes a paper substrate 12, grit 14, base adhesive coat 16, resin sizing adhesive coat 18, and printed bar code 20.
- sheet 10 includes the paper substrate 12 which has been surfaced at least on one side 21 to close porosity thereof and can be densified with an opacifier or filler 30 such as titanium dioxide.
- the paper substrate 12 be chosen of a grade, porosity and fiber to achieve a cost efficient substrate highly suitable for forming sandpaper.
- the substrate 12 should be of a fiber strength and porosity to readily adhere and maintain the grit 14 on the surface thereof while providing flexibility.
- the adhesive base resins, grits and fibers used in the sandpaper industry tends to be dark, especially in the case of wet sandpaper which is essentially black or dark grey.
- FIG. 2 and 3 best illustrate this point.
- FIG. 2 is a magnified photographic view of the surface of the sandpaper sheet 10 of the present invention, for example, having grit 14, adhesive 16 and resin sizing coat 18 thereon.
- FIG. 3 similarly, is a magnified photographic view of a side of waterproof sandpaper having grit, adhesive and resin sizing thereon. Both FIGS. 2 and 3 depict the darkness of the grit utilized on the substrate. This grit's darkness has a tendency to show through to the substrate side on which the bar code is printed. This negatively effects the contrast and in turn the readability of the bar code. Heretofore, no suitable substrate could provide readable bar code sandpaper.
- the substrate In order for a high quality bar code readable substrate to be achieved, the substrate must be such that it enables high modulation, decodability and contrast and minimum reflection or defects.
- the substrate 12 thus had to be modified in order to develop contrast between adjacent printed ink bars, contrast between light (non-inked substrate) and dark (inked substrate) sections, and minimizing of defects while retaining desired properties for a high quality sandpaper.
- a web 24 was formed by super calendering a web 26 of upper grade cabinet paper at least on side 28 using drums 29 to provide a printing surface smoothness of from about 200-300 ml/min Bendtsen (SCAN-P 21:67).
- the amount of calendaring should be such that it does not close porosity on side 32 to such a degree that adherence of adhesive 16 and grit 14 are hindered.
- the web 26 is preferably bleached to achieve sufficient contour and contrast upon printing. Bleaching is done prior to formation of the web 24 in a conventional manner as is known in the art.
- the opaque filler 30 can be intermixed with part of an adhesive 31 to prevent the color of the dark grain or grit from inhibiting readability of the bar coding.
- the amount of filler 30 and calendering should not be so great to cause pore closure on a side 32 of the web to which the base adhesive coat 16 is applied. Too much filler results in drawbacks such as weakening and increasing cost of the sand paper.
- Web 24 is passed through a flexo-printing station 34 wherein a bar code is ink printed onto side 28.
- Printing plates 35 are designed of a size and configuration to print a bar code on the side 28 in an arrangement and spacing in accordance with a predetermined single sheet 10 size and configuration. Plates 35 are preferably reduced about 4% to 6% in order to aid in achieving a proper printed image which conforms to UPC requirements.
- Inks used in the present invention are high dry weight with high solids ink content approaching 100%.
- Solvents such as, glycols, glycol ethers, pyrolidines, etc. may be employed as part of the ink content.
- High dry weight and high solids content attribute to a readable bar code.
- the web 24 is passed through a base adhesive coating station 36, wherein the other side 32 of web 24 is coated with the base coat 16. While the adhesive 16 is wet, the web 24 is passed through an electrostatic coater 38 which oppositely charges the web 24 and grit 14 to draw the grit 14 into contact with side 32 of the web 24.
- the web 24 passes through an oven 40 which cures the base coat 16 to secure the grit 14 to the web 25.
- the side 32, grit 14 and base coat 16 pass by a second adhesive coating station 42 wherein a sizing coat of resin 18 is applied thereto.
- the web 24 is then passed through a festoon drying oven 44 for curing, where upon exiting oven 44, the finished web 22 is formed.
- the web 22 is then cut in accordance in predetermined sizes and shapes, i.e. square, circular or triangular.
- FIG. 5 shows a magnified photographic picture of the prior art backing of a single sheet sandpaper 45 with a printed bar coding 46 thereon.
- edge contrast of bars and contrast between bars and non-bar inked sections 47 are relatively low grade.
- FIG. 6 shows a magnified photographic picture of the backing of the single sheet sandpaper 10 of the present invention.
- the backing of the sandpaper sheet 10 of the present invention provides for a bar coding with excellent edge contrast of bars 20 and contrast between bars 20 and non-bar inked sections 49.
- Curling is due to resin sizing which restricts expansion or contraction of the side of the sandpaper to which it is adhered. Higher quality resin sandpaper curls more because the resin of waterproof paper, for example, repels more water than the non-coated side and more moisture is drawn to the non-coated side causing expansion and curling.
- the present invention employs a stackable tray 50 as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 of the system to address this problem.
- the tray 50 has a support surface 52 and sides 54 and 56 connected to edges 58 and 60, respectively, of surface 52. Each side 54 and 56 has an alternating ribbed construction to lend support for stacking.
- a back side 62 is connected to a back edge 64 of the surface 52 and interconnects sides 54 and 56. Back side 62 is formed with similar ribbed construction to lend further support for stackability.
- the back side 62 has openings 66 defined in ribbed section 68 of the side 62. Openings 66 permit hooks or the like to be inserted therethrough to grasp an upper portion 70 of the sections 68. It is contemplated that the back side 62 could be alternatively formed with peg hooks or the like for hanging the tray 50 from a peg board, for example.
- Each of the sides 54, 56 and 62 has legs 72 (not shown), 74 and 76 (not shown), respectively, extending downwardly from ribbed sections 78, 80 and 82, respectively.
- Legs 72, 74 and 76 are recessed inwardly from an outer surface of sections 78, 80 and 82, respectively, to aid in stackability of the tray 50.
- a front edge 84 of the surface 52 is formed with a lower extending lip 86 having slotted surface 88 formed therein to receive an identifying plate for indicating a type of grit sandpaper or the like.
- FIG. 8 shows a plan view of package 90 of the present invention in a preformed state.
- the package 90 has a first housing portion 92 of a size and configuration slightly less than the surface 52. Bendably attached to edges 94 and 96 are flaps 98 and 100, respectively. Flaps 98 and 100 are of a length of between about 1/8" to 5/8" measured from edges 94 and 96 to edges 102 and 104, respectively. Also, bendably attached to flaps 98 and 100 are terminating flap 106 and 108, respectively.
- Flaps 106 and 108 are of a length and configuration such that when the flaps 98 and 100 are bent in a common direction generally normal to the portion 92, the flaps 106 and 108 are bendable inwardly toward one another generally parallel to the portion 92.
- the flaps 108 and 106 are adhesively or otherwise bonded together as is known in the art to form a package for housing multiple sandpaper sheets 10.
- the package 90 is preferably designed to hold about 15 to 25 sandpaper sheets 10 depending upon the grit size in a manner which precludes substantial curling as the sheets 10 are removed.
- the housing portion 92 has an opening 110 defined at one end and further includes zipper perforations 112 which extend diagonally inwardly from corners 114 of a predetermined distance and terminate into the opening 110.
- the sheets 10 are placed grit-side down on the portion 92 such that the grit 14 can be viewed through the opening 110 when the package is sealed.
- the packages are placed in trays 50 in a manner shown in FIG. 9.
- the packages 90 can be readily opened by pulling away the zipper flap 116 from the housing portion 92.
- the remaining housing portion 92 and flaps 96, 98, 106 and 108 keep the sheets 10 from curling to allow the consumer easy inspection thereof.
- FIG. 9 also displays the system in a contemplated mode of operation, wherein each tray 50 may be suspended by hooks 118 or the like and stacked in a horizontal manner for maximum use of showroom square footage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cartons (AREA)
Abstract
Description
______________________________________ Substrate of Substrate of FIG. 5 Rating FIG. 6 Rating Bar Code Scan Pass No. Scan Pass No. Quality Criteria 1 2 3 1 2 3 ______________________________________ Reference Decode F A A A A A Decodability F C A A A A Symbol Contrast B B B A A A Reflection A A A A A A Edge Contrast A A A A A A Modulation C D D B B A Defects B B B B A B Application Compliance A A A A A A Print Contrast Signal 83% 84% 88% 93% 92% 93% Element Reflectance 65% 79% 54% 81% 81% 80% (MAX) Reflectance (MIN) 11% 12% 06% 05% 06% 05% Pass/Fail Analysis Fail Fail Fail Pass Pass Pass ______________________________________ NOTE: The Bar Code Quality Criteria are standard criteria as is known in the art of verification of universal products codes. See, for example, Hardlines Industry Guideline on Bar Coding, American Hardware Manufacturing Association; incorporated herein by reference.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/178,774 US5514028A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-01-07 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
US08/306,764 US5497877A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-09-15 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
PCT/FI1994/000591 WO1995018755A1 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-12-30 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
EP95904558A EP0738228A1 (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-12-30 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/178,774 US5514028A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-01-07 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/306,764 Division US5497877A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-09-15 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5514028A true US5514028A (en) | 1996-05-07 |
Family
ID=22653902
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/178,774 Expired - Lifetime US5514028A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-01-07 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
US08/306,764 Expired - Lifetime US5497877A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-09-15 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/306,764 Expired - Lifetime US5497877A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1994-09-15 | Single sheet sandpaper delivery system and sandpaper sheet therefor |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5514028A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0738228A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995018755A1 (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6264533B1 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2001-07-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive processing apparatus and method employing encoded abrasive product |
US6599177B2 (en) * | 2001-06-25 | 2003-07-29 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives Technology Company | Coated abrasives with indicia |
US20040153197A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-05 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Modeling an abrasive process to achieve controlled material removal |
US20040234346A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-11-25 | Guenter Manigel | Flexible file and file dispenser system |
US20060025046A1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive article splicing system and methods |
US20060025048A1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive article detection system and method |
US20060025047A1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Grading system and method for abrasive article |
US20060025045A1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2006-02-02 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | System and method for detecting abrasive article orientation |
US20060280630A1 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-14 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Linear compressor |
US7160173B2 (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2007-01-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Abrasive articles and methods for the manufacture and use of same |
WO2012125334A1 (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2012-09-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sandpaper with non-slip layer |
US20140170357A1 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-19 | Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. | Vehicle window assembly with louvered window |
USD735479S1 (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-08-04 | Lg Hausys, Ltd. | Film |
US9114505B2 (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2015-08-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sandpaper with fibrous non-slip layer |
US9969059B2 (en) | 2011-06-20 | 2018-05-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sandpaper with laminated non-slip layer |
US10377018B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2019-08-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Coarse sandpaper with non-slip coating layer |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5931316A (en) * | 1997-07-07 | 1999-08-03 | Carpinelli; Michael J | Information receptacle |
US6098818A (en) * | 1999-08-25 | 2000-08-08 | Ali Industries, Inc. | Display stand |
US20040219537A1 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2004-11-04 | Fenrich Richard K. | Epidermal collection method, kit, and device |
US20080105631A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-08 | Karen Sutter | Shelving display |
CA2715231A1 (en) * | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-23 | Duchesne Et Fils Ltee | A utility bin |
US20150290774A1 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Deluxe Custom Innovations, LLC | Multi-purpose sandpaper design and uses thereof |
FR3027882B1 (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-12-23 | Soc Europeenne D'abrasifs Sea Abrasifs | PACKAGING OF ABRASIVE PRODUCTS IN LIASSE OF MULTIPLE SHEETS |
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1994
- 1994-01-07 US US08/178,774 patent/US5514028A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-09-15 US US08/306,764 patent/US5497877A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-30 EP EP95904558A patent/EP0738228A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-12-30 WO PCT/FI1994/000591 patent/WO1995018755A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5497877A (en) | 1996-03-12 |
EP0738228A1 (en) | 1996-10-23 |
WO1995018755A1 (en) | 1995-07-13 |
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