US5503008A - Apparatus for diagnosing misfire of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Apparatus for diagnosing misfire of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- US5503008A US5503008A US08/366,596 US36659694A US5503008A US 5503008 A US5503008 A US 5503008A US 36659694 A US36659694 A US 36659694A US 5503008 A US5503008 A US 5503008A
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- cylinder
- reference signal
- period
- cylinders
- misfire
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/11—Testing internal-combustion engines by detecting misfire
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for diagnosing the presence or absence of misfire in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, based on the periods of reference signals from a crank angle sensor.
- Conventional apparatuses for diagnosing misfire in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine successively measure the periods of reference signals generated from a crank angle sensor for each crank angle of 720°/n (where n is the number of cylinders) and corresponding to combustion conditions in the respective cylinders, to determine the presence or absence of misfire depending on fluctuations in the reference signal periods based on the successively measured periods (refer to Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 5-17172).
- the present invention takes into consideration such problems with the conventional apparatuses, with the object of improving the accuracy of misfire diagnosis through consideration of (ie. learning) the fluctuations such as intercylinder mechanical ununiformity.
- the present invention is constructed as follows.
- a reference signal generating device for generating for each crank angle of 720°/n (where n is the number of cylinders), a reference signal which includes a cylinder discriminating signal, a period measuring device for measuring reference signal periods corresponding to combustion conditions in the respective cylinders, and a misfire judgement device for judging the presence or absence of misfire in the respective cylinders based on the measured reference signal periods.
- a period correction device is provided between the period measuring device and the misfire judgement device, for correcting the reference signal periods corresponding to combustion conditions in the respective cylinders obtained by the period measuring device, using correction coefficients for each of the respective cylinders, and judgement by the misfire judgement device is carried out based on the corrected periods.
- a fuel cut-off detecting device for detecting if fuel to the engine is cut-off, as well as a slope amount computing device and a correction coefficient setting device which operate while the fuel is cut-off.
- the slope amount computing device computes, during fuel cut-off, a fluctuation amount occurring during a crank angle of 720°, in a reference signal period corresponding to the combustion conditions of a learning model cylinder previously selected from among the plurality of cylinders, and divides this fluctuation amount by the number of cylinders to compute a slope amount.
- the correction coefficient setting device computes, for each cylinder, a ratio between an actual period measured during a crank angle of 720° and a theoretical period obtained by adding to a period of the learning model cylinder initially occurring during a crank angle of 720°, a product of the slope amount and the number of the cylinders counted from the learning model cylinder. It then sets individual cylinder correction coefficients based on this ratio.
- the reference signal periods TINT i are measured as those corresponding to the combustion conditions in the respective cylinders, and by using the correction coefficients KTINTi for each of the respective cylinders, and by inter-cylinder mechanical ununiformity and the like may be avoided.
- FIG. 5 shows a four cylinder internal combustion engine example with an ignition order of #1 ⁇ #3 ⁇ >#4 ⁇ #2.
- a ratio is computed between an actual period TINT i measured over the crank angle of 720°, and a theoretical period which is obtained by adding to a period TINT 0 of the learning model cylinder #1 initially occurring during a crank angle of 720°, a product of the slope amount X and the cylinder number "i" counted from the learning model cylinder.
- the individual cylinder correction coefficients KTINT i are then set based on this ratio.
- the individual cylinder correction coefficients KTINT i set in this way, are then used to correct the actual measured periods TINT i prior to misfire judgement.
- a storage device may also be provided for storing the individual cylinder correction coefficients set by the correction coefficient setting device, in separate engine rotational speed regions.
- a correction coefficient updating device may be provided for computing a new individual cylinder correction coefficient from a weighted mean of the individual cylinder correction coefficient previously stored in the storage device and the individual cylinder correction coefficient newly set by the correction coefficient setting device, and updating the value stored in the storage device with this new value,
- FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram showing a basic structure of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing part 1 of a misfire diagnosis routine
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing part 2 of the misfire diagnosis routine.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing aspects of fluctuations in the periods of reference signals at the time of fuel cut-off.
- FIG. 1 A basic structure of an apparatus for diagnosing misfire in a multicylinder internal combustion engine according to the present invention is shown FIG. 1. An embodiment of this apparatus is explained below with reference to FIG. 2 through FIG. 4. This embodiment is for a four cylinder internal combustion engine having an ignition order of #1 ⁇ #3 ⁇ #4 ⁇ #2.
- FIG. 2 shows a systematic structure of the present embodiment.
- a control unit 10 incorporating a built-in microcomputer (having a CPU, ROM, RAM etc.), carries out computational processing based on signals from various sensors, to thereby control operation of fuel injection valves 2 and ignition coils 3 provided for each cylinder (#1 ⁇ #4) of the engine 1.
- crank angle sensor 11 For the various sensors, there is provided, for example, a crank angle sensor 11, an air flow meter 12, and an idle switch 13.
- the crank angle sensor 11 outputs a reference signal per 180° crank angle, and a unit signal per unit crank angle (1° to 2°). From these signals, the crank angle can be obtained and the engine rotational speed N detected. Included in the reference signal is a cylinder discriminating signal, which may lengthen for example, a lengthened pulse width for the reference signal corresponding to the #1 cylinder, for enabling cylinder discrimination.
- the crank angle sensor 11 constitutes the reference signal generating device of the present invention.
- the air flow meter 12 is, for example, a hot wire type which can detect the intake air quantity Q.
- the idle switch 13 is one which comes ON when the throttle valve is detected to be in a fully closed position.
- the coming 0N of the idle switch 13 with the engine rotational speed N above a predetermined fuel cut-off rotational speed acts as a trigger to stop output of the drive pulse signals to the fuel injection valves 2, thus effecting fuel cut-off.
- Fuel cut-off is released when the engine rotational speed N falls below a predetermined recovery rotational speed, or when the idle switch 13 goes OFF.
- the control unit 10 determines the ignition timing based on the engine rotational speed N and the basic fuel injection quantity Tp, and controls the operation of the ignition coils 3 at this timing to thus cause ignition.
- the control unit 10 also determines the presence or absence of misfire in each cylinder according to a misfire detection routine shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, and in predetermined situations generates a warning, for example by means of a warning lamp.
- This routine is synchronized with the generation of respective reference signals from the crank angle sensor.
- step 1 (with step indicated by S in the figures), the value of a timer is read and this becomes TINT.
- the timer is started at "0" in the previous routine, and thus measures the reference signal period TINT. Accordingly, this section corresponds to the period measuring device of the present invention.
- step 2 the timer is reset, starting again at "0".
- step 3 the cylinder is discriminated.
- step 4 it is judged if the fuel is cut-off. This part corresponds to the fuel cut-off detecting device. If the fuel is cut-off, control proceeds to step 5, while if not, control proceeds to step 11.
- step 5 the measured reference signal period TINTi is temporarily stored according to the cylinder discrimination result, as the period corresponding to the combustion conditions of the respective cylinder.
- the period when the 190 3 cylinder is discriminated is stored as TINT 1
- the period when the #4 cylinder is discriminated is stored as TINT 2
- the period when the #2 cylinder is discriminated is stored as TINT 3
- the period when the #1 cylinder is discriminated is stored as TINT 4 .
- the previous value for TINT 4 is stored as TINT 0 .
- step 6 it is judged if a new value for TINT 4 has been obtained. If so, control proceeds to step 7.
- step 9 the engine rotational speed N is read.
- step 10 individual cylinder correction coefficients KTINT i corresponding to the current engine rotational speed N region, are read for each respective cylinder from a map of the individual cylinder correction coefficients stored in RAM (storage device).
- the individual cylinder correction coefficients KTINT i are then updated in accordance with the following equation. Accordingly this part corresponds to the correction coefficient updating device of the present invention.
- KTINT i is the computed value from step 8
- KTINT i-old is the value read from the map
- KTINT i-new is the update value to be written to the map.
- the updated results are then written to the individual cylinder correction coefficient maps, for each respective cylinder.
- step 11 in the case of four cylinders, the five latest values for the reference signal periods (T1-T5) are stored, and since misfire is determined based on these values, they replace the previously used values as follows; T5 ⁇ T4, T4 ⁇ T3, T3 ⁇ T2, T2 ⁇ T1
- step 12 it is judged if learning has been completed (ie., at least one learning cycle has been completed). If learning has not been carried out at all, control proceeds to step 13, where the latest measured period TINTi is made T1 without change, and control proceeds to step 20.
- control proceeds to step 14.
- step 14 the engine rotational speed N is read to determine the region.
- step 15 it is judged if the region is one for which learning has been completed. If so, control proceeds to step 16.
- step 16 the individual cylinder correction coefficient KTINT i corresponding to the current engine rotational speed N region is read from the map of the individual cylinder correction coefficients for the discriminated cylinder.
- control proceeds to step 17, where data is read from an adjacent region for which learning has been completed, and an individual cylinder correction coefficient KTINT i is set by computation involving multiplying this data by a coefficient K1 which is inversely proportional to the engine rotational speed N.
- step 18 the latest measured reference signal period KTINT i is corrected by the individual cylinder correction coefficient TINT i to obtain a corrected period HTINT i according to the following equation. Accordingly, this part corresponds to the period correction device of the present invention.
- HTINT i TINT i ⁇ KTINT i
- step 19 the corrected period HTINT i is made T1 and control proceeds to step 20.
- a misfire judgement value MISA is computed according to the following equation using the five latest values for the reference signal periods (T1 through T5).
- T1 represents the present period for the currently discriminated cylinder which is being subjected to misfire judgement
- T5 represents the period for that cylinder one cycle beforehand.
- step 21 the misfire judgement value MISA is compared with a reference value SL. If MISA ⁇ SL, control proceeds to step 22 where misfire is judged to have occurred. Accordingly, the part covered by steps 20 through 22 corresponds to the misfire judgement device of the present invention.
- the misfire judgement reference value SL is preferably set in accordance with engine rotational speed N and basic fuel injection quantity Tp, using a map with these as parameters.
- the following MISB value may be used:
- the three latest values (MISB1 through MISB3) may be placed in memory, and the following MISC value used as the misfire judgement value.
- misfire judgement values also, misfire is judged to have occurred if MISB ⁇ a predetermined value or MISC ⁇ a predetermined value.
- a warning signal or the like may be generated corresponding for example to the number of successive misfires.
- the present invention as described above enables accurate misfire diagnoses without influence from inter-cylinder fluctuations, due for example to mechanical ununiformity, or to electrical fluctuations in a sensor input circuit.
- the invention thus has considerable industrial applicability.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Testing Of Engines (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
KTINThd 1=(TINT.sub.0 +1×X)/TINT.sub.1
KTINT.sub.2 =(TINT.sub.0 +2×X)/TINT.sub.2
KTINT.sub.3 =(TINT.sub.0 +3×X)/TINT.sub.3
KTINT.sub.i =(TINT.sub.0 +i×X)/TINT.sub.i
KTINT.sub.1 =(TINT.sub.0 +1×X)/TINT.sub.1
KTINT.sub.2 =(TINT.sub.0 +2×X)/TINT.sub.2
KTINT.sub.3 =(TINT.sub.0 +3×X)/TINT.sub.3
KTINT.sub.i-new =(1/a)×KTINT.sub.i +(1-1/a)×KTINT.sub.i-old
MISA=(3×(T4-T5)+(T4-T1))/T5.sup.3
MISC=(2×(T3-T5)+2×(T3-T1))/T5.sup.3
MISC=MISB2-MISB3
Claims (5)
KTINTi=(TINT0+(i * X))/TINTi,
KTINTi=(TINT0+(i * X)/TINTi)),ps
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP5-351677 | 1993-12-29 | ||
JP5351677A JP2890093B2 (en) | 1993-12-29 | 1993-12-29 | Misfire diagnosis device for multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
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US5503008A true US5503008A (en) | 1996-04-02 |
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US08/366,596 Expired - Lifetime US5503008A (en) | 1993-12-29 | 1994-12-29 | Apparatus for diagnosing misfire of multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
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US (1) | US5503008A (en) |
JP (1) | JP2890093B2 (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5670713A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1997-09-23 | Unisia Jecs Corporation | Apparatus and method for recognizing misfire occurrence in multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
EP0841553A2 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-13 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus and method of detecting combustion state of internal combustion engine and recording medium storing program for execution of the detecting method |
US5769816A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1998-06-23 | Embol-X, Inc. | Cannula with associated filter |
US5991684A (en) * | 1995-09-04 | 1999-11-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus and method of detecting combustion state of internal combustion engine and recording medium storing program for execution of the detecting method |
WO1999064737A1 (en) * | 1998-06-10 | 1999-12-16 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Misfire detection method for a piston combustion engine with electromagnetic fuel charge valve |
US20020166540A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Wolfgang Boerkel | Method for phase recognition in an internal combustion engine |
US6536410B1 (en) * | 1999-04-24 | 2003-03-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for synchronizing ignition |
US20100211296A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Denso Corporation | Method and apparatus for misfire detection |
EP1757946A3 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2014-03-26 | Denso Corporation | Rotation angle sensing device |
US8892337B2 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2014-11-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for detecting imbalance abnormality in air-fuel ratio between cylinders in multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09137747A (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-27 | Unisia Jecs Corp | Flameout diagnostic device of internal combustion engine |
DE10115133B4 (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2008-09-11 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Method for damping rotational uniformities of multi-cylinder reciprocating internal combustion engines in I-cycle method |
JP4484772B2 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2010-06-16 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Misfire detection device for internal combustion engine |
JP4552863B2 (en) * | 2006-01-11 | 2010-09-29 | 株式会社デンソー | Rotation angle detector |
JP4659648B2 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2011-03-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Abnormality judgment device for fuel supply system |
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1994
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Patent Citations (12)
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Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5670713A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1997-09-23 | Unisia Jecs Corporation | Apparatus and method for recognizing misfire occurrence in multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
US5991684A (en) * | 1995-09-04 | 1999-11-23 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus and method of detecting combustion state of internal combustion engine and recording medium storing program for execution of the detecting method |
US5769816A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1998-06-23 | Embol-X, Inc. | Cannula with associated filter |
EP0841553A2 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-13 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus and method of detecting combustion state of internal combustion engine and recording medium storing program for execution of the detecting method |
EP0841553A3 (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1999-04-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus and method of detecting combustion state of internal combustion engine and recording medium storing program for execution of the detecting method |
WO1999064737A1 (en) * | 1998-06-10 | 1999-12-16 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Misfire detection method for a piston combustion engine with electromagnetic fuel charge valve |
US6536410B1 (en) * | 1999-04-24 | 2003-03-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method for synchronizing ignition |
US20020166540A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Wolfgang Boerkel | Method for phase recognition in an internal combustion engine |
US6830033B2 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2004-12-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for phase recognition in an internal combustion engine |
EP1757946A3 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2014-03-26 | Denso Corporation | Rotation angle sensing device |
EP2824303A1 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2015-01-14 | Denso Corporation | Rotation angle sensing device |
US20100211296A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Denso Corporation | Method and apparatus for misfire detection |
US8046155B2 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2011-10-25 | Denso Corporation | Method and apparatus for misfire detection using engine cycles at least subsequent to actual misfire event |
US8892337B2 (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2014-11-18 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for detecting imbalance abnormality in air-fuel ratio between cylinders in multi-cylinder internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2890093B2 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
JPH07197845A (en) | 1995-08-01 |
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