US549221A

US549221A - Wrench

Info

Publication number: US549221A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1895-11-05
Anticipated expiration: 1912-11-05

Description

2 sheets-sheet 1.

(Model.)

M. WLNGERl v f WRENGH.l A

Patented News., l189:5.

- 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. M. WBNGER. WRENCH.

(Model.)

Patented Nov. 5.1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MILTON VVENGER, OFYNEWY HOLLAND, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters PatentNo. 549,221, dated November 5, 1895.

Application filed September 29, 1894. Serial No. 524,515. (Model.)

To LZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, MILTON WENGER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Holland, in the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Wrench, of which the following is a specification. Y Y

This invention relates to nut adjusted wrenches; and it has for its object to effect certain improvements in wrenches of this character whereby the threaded shanks of such wrenches can lbe adjusted very rapidly.

To this end the main and primary object of the present invention is to provide simple and efficient Ineans applicable to all forms of nut-adjusted wrenches with screw-Shanks, wherebya quick adjustment of the wrench can be secured, while at the same time being positively held in its adjusted position, and

the invention therefore contemplates the ready and quick adjustment of a nut-adjusted wrench with one hand, whereby the time required in adjusting and applying a wrench to diiferent-sized nuts or pipes may be reduced to a minimum.

`Vith these and other objects in view, which will readily appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described,illustrated,and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an ordinary form of nut-adjusted wrench provided with the herein-described improvement. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the construction shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail in perspective of the adjustingnut. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the bowed spring-plate for the adjusting-nut. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of another form of nut-adjusted wrench equipped with my improvement for quickly adjusting the same and holding theadjustment at any point. Fig. 6 is a central longitudinal sectional view of the form of wrench shown'in Fig. 5.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, it will be seen that the improvementsclaimed are applicable to different forms of nut-adjusted wrenches having screw-Shanks, and in Figsland 2 of the drawings is illustrated an ordinary form of Wrench in connection with which the improvements may be advantageouslyV employed, and in this form of wrench the numeral 1 designates a shank provided at one end with a handle 2, which is secured on the shank through the medium of the usual ferrule 3 and a tip-nut 4. The other end of the shank 1 is provided with a toothed head 5, and this head formsa heel 6, which is perforated at 7 to receive a pivot 8 for securing a movable yoke 9 to the shank.v

VThe Inovable yoke 9 is provided with a loop 10, that loosely embraces the shank, and on opposites sides ofthe stationary shank 1 are secured reversely-disposed adjusting-springs 11 and 12, the free adjacent ends of which are located within the loop 10 at the opposite ends thereof.

The yoke 9 is provided with a longitudinal bore or opening 14 and a transverse opening 15, communicating with .the longitudinal bore. The said longitudinal bore of the movable yoke 9 loosely accommodates. and receives a sliding or movable shank 16, which is provided at opposite edges with `continuations of a series of threads 17, having a long 1 pitch, much longer than the usual screw, and at the outer end of the movable shank 16 is located a head or jaw 18, having an inner serrated or toothed face 19, which, together with the corresponding face of the head or jaw 5, provides for firmly gripping the object operated on.

The movable threaded shank 16 loosely accommodates thereon a cylindrical adjusting-nut 20, whose interior is bored and provided with a plurality of spiral grooves or threads 20, which agree in pitch with and loosely receive the threads `17 of the movable shank 16. The nut 20 is provided with a milled periphery to form a purchase for the fingers of the hand, and upon one face is provided with a series of radial teeth 21, which are normally held into engagement with the opposite teeth 22, formed on the inner face of a catch-ring The catch-ring 23 is securely fitted to the movable yoke 9 within the transverse opening 15 and'at oneside of said opening, the teeth of said catch-ring being also radially arranged in the same manner as the teeth 21 of the nut 2,0. A bowed spring-plate 2llooselyvits on the. movable shank 16 and is interposedjbetween one side of the nut 20 and the transverse opening 15 IOO of the yoke to normally hold the teeth of the nut in engagement with those of the opposed catch-ring. The said catcli-ring may be recessed at one side to form opposite flanges 2G, embracing opposite sides of the yoke to provide convenient means for fitting the ring thereto.

From the above it will be understood that the present invention resides in the arrangement of the nut 20, combined with the spring and catch therefor, and it will be obvious that the objects of the invention will be secured by simply providing one face of the nut with a roughened surface instead of with teeth, and by providing the yoke with teeth or a roughened surface Where the catch-ring is located, and these means for operating and holding the nut are not only simple and inexpensive, but may be applied to' all forms of nut-adjusted wrenches with screw-Shanks other than the forni shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, as illustrated by another form of wrench in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

The form of wrench shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings is of a simple construction, such as is commonly employed as a pocket-wrench and for similar uses, and in said figure of the drawings 27 designates a hollow or tubular liandle-sliank provided at one end with the fixed jaw 2S and accommodating for movement therein the sliding or movable shank 29, carrying at its outer end the integral movable jaw or head 30, opposed to the jaw 2S. The movable shank 29 is provided for a portion of its length at opposite edges with continuations of a series of threads 3l of along pitch and adapted to be engaged by the adjustingnut 20, of a construction already described.

l In connection with the form of wrench described, 'and as illustrated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the ad j ustin g-nut 2O is mounted loosely in the transverse nut opening 32, formed in the handle-shank 27, intermediate of its ends, and provided with a roughened or toothed side 3i, that is adapted to be normally engaged by the roughened er toothed face 21 of the nut 20. The roughened or toothed face of the nut 2O is held in engagement with the roughened or toothed side of the opening 32 by means of the bowed spring-plate 24, interposed between oiie side of the opening and one side of the nut 20, as clearly illustrated in the drawings.

Vhether the adjusting-nut and its catch devices be applied to a wrench oi' the form shown in either Fig. l or 5 of the drawings or to other formsof wrenches, the operation is always the same to secure a quick adjustnient of the wrench. To operate the wrench it is simplynecessary for the operator to grasp the nut 2() and rota-te the saine in one direction to open the jaws, and by reason of the long-pitched threads of the movable shank the jaws will open very quickly. The open jaws of the wrench are then slipped over the object to be operated upon and the movable jaw pushed to the desired position, in which position it will be held firmly by the engagement of the teeth of the nut with those at one side of the opening in which the nut works, and the spring 24, whether it be a spring-plate or other form of spring, renders this engagement of the teeth positive and overcomes the fault of the common screw-wrenches, which often loose their adjustment when turning a pipe ornut. The wrench can also be adjusted by turning the nut 20in either direction, as in other wrenches; but by sliding the jaws together over an object after being opened a correct adjustment is made instantly.

In the operation of the wrench it will be understood that inasmuch as the toothed or roughened faces of the nut and one side of the opening in which the nut works are simply to provide for a non-slipping frictional grip for the nut the said nut can be readily turned in either direction without disengag- 'ing the teeth thereof from the teeth of one side of the said opening in which the nut works. In thus turning the nut with the fingers-for instance, in opening the jaws of the wrenchthe spring 24 readily yields, so as to allow the teeth of the nut to freely ride over the opposing teeth engaged thereby; but, however, when the jaws of the wrench have been adjusted on the object any tendency of the movable jaw to separate away from the fixed jaw necessarily draws or pulls the nut into tight engagement with the teeth at one side of the opening in which the same works, thereby positively preventing the nut from rotating and consequently preventing the jaws from separating. While the toothed engagement of the nut with the teeth of the stationary or iiXed part of the wrench does not interfere with the ready manipulation of the nut with the fingers, such engagement, also, does not interfere with the inward movement of the movable jaw by simply pushing on such jaw. In this connection it is to be noted that after the jaws of the wrench have been opened and slipped over an object it is simply necessary to push against the movable jaw to force the same inward. ln thus pushing the movable jaw inward it will be obvious that the spring 24, yields so as to allow the toothed or serrated side of the nut to entirely disengage the opposing teeth or serraticns on the stationary part of the wrench, and when the nut is thus disengaged` the same will freely rotate under the influence of the long-pitch threads of the movable shank, so as to allow of the closing ofI the wrench or inward movement of the movablejaw, without turning the nut with the iin gers.

Changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details of construction maybe resorted to without departing from the principle or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, a-nd desired to be secured. by Letters Patent, ism- 1. In a wrench, a stationary shank pro- IOO IIO

vided with a nut opening having a toothed or roughened side, the movable shank arranged to Work through the nut opening and provided with a plurality of threads of long piteh, a Cylindrical adjusting nut mountedwithin said opening and provided with a toothed or roughened face opposed to the toothed or roughened side of said opening, and a spring interposed between one side of the nut and one side of the nut opening to normally hold the nut in engagement With the toothed or roughened side of said nut opening, said spring being adapted to allow the nut to be disengaged from the toothed or roughened side of the nut opening and to be automatically rotated by an inward movement of the movable shank, substantially as set forth.

2. In a wrench, the combination with a stationary shank carrying a yoke at one end having a transverse opening, and a threaded movable shank mounted to slide through said yoke, of a oateh ring fitted within the transverse opening of the yoke and provided with a series of radial teeth, an adjusting nut mounted within said transverse opening and provided on one face with a series of radial teeth opposed to those of the catch ring, and

Aa bowed spring plate arranged at one side of the nut to normally hold the same engaged with said eateh ring, substantially as set forth. In testimony that I olaim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

MILTON INTENGER. Witnesses:

S. DILLER BOWERS, ELI M. MARTIN.