US544924A - Best available copy - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- US544924A US544924A US544924DA US544924A US 544924 A US544924 A US 544924A US 544924D A US544924D A US 544924DA US 544924 A US544924 A US 544924A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pyroxylin
- compound
- nitroglycerin
- best available
- fibrous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 8
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000251729 Elasmobranchii Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0083—Treatment of solid structures, e.g. for coating or impregnating with a modifier
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/39—Cord and rope holders
- Y10T24/3936—Pivoted part
- Y10T24/394—Cam lever
Definitions
- the object of my invention is to prepare an explosive compound particularly for use in shells or torpedoes to be thrown from ordnance with safety, using g'unpowderas a propellant; also t'o-prqduce an explosive which shall possess as much power as possible for the space occupied'by it'-that is, one whose specific gravity shall be as greatas possible.
- a compound of nitroglycerin-and soluble or gelatinpyroxylin In carrying out my invention I first prepare a compound of nitroglycerin-and soluble or gelatinpyroxylin. This may be done by dissoiv'i .gf'the' pyroxylin directly in the prefer to combine the pyroxylin with the nitroglycerin by means of a solvent in the manner well known in the manufacture of smokeless powder. I prefer to employ from seventy to eighty per cent;.' of nitroglycerin andfrom twentyto thirty per cent. of pyroxylin. The product is a' colloid of pyro xylin and nitroglycerin having'ayield ing or elastic character. This I reduce-to a fine state of division by cutting, rasping, or pulping.
- the object of the fibrous gun cotton is to lessen the sensitiveness of the colloid of nitroglycerin and pyroxylin and at the same time constitute a. medium forcarryinga larger percentage of water than the said granulated colloid would contain it employed 'without the.
- the fibrous gun cotton also serves to preserve the granular structure and porosity of the compound, in that it separates the grains of the colloid and prevents them from sticking together in a solid mass, which would then not con-Lain water, espechilly when a very large per cent. of nitroglycerin-say eighty per cent-be employed in the colloid.v
- the compound is taken from the pulping-machine, wrung as dry ns'prnclicable in a centrifugal machine, and is then placed in bags and immersed in a bath of asolution of nitrate ofarnmonimprcferably heated; When the compound is thoroughly saturated, the liquid may be extracted 'bya centrifugal machine while the material is yet hot; but I prefor to allow the compound to cool and a portion of the nitrate cf amu'ro'nia or other salt to thereby crystallize within the pores and fibers before wringing.
- the herein described explosive compound consisting ofv an intimate mechanical mixture in a 'fine state of division, of an explosivepolloid of gun cotton and nit-r0 glycerin, and fibrorrs. gun cotton holding in sus pension in its p'oresa solution of an oxygen bearing salt such as'nitrate of ammonia.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
PATENT OFFICE.
-IUDSON MAXIM OF NEV YORK, N. Y.
HIGH EXPLOSIVE.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,924, dated August 20, 1895.
Application filed July 7, 1894- Berialflo. 518,858- (No specimens.)
To all who'mit may concern: v Be it known the-t1, HUDSON MAXIM, a citize'nof the United States-of America, residing in the-city, county, and State of New York, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements'in High Explosives,of whichthe following is a specification. The object of my invention is to prepare an explosive compound particularly for use in shells or torpedoes to be thrown from ordnance with safety, using g'unpowderas a propellant; also t'o-prqduce an explosive which shall possess as much power as possible for the space occupied'by it'-that is, one whose specific gravity shall be as greatas possible. In carrying out my invention I first prepare a compound of nitroglycerin-and soluble or gelatinpyroxylin. This may be done by dissoiv'i .gf'the' pyroxylin directly in the prefer to combine the pyroxylin with the nitroglycerin by means of a solvent in the manner well known in the manufacture of smokeless powder. I prefer to employ from seventy to eighty per cent;.' of nitroglycerin andfrom twentyto thirty per cent. of pyroxylin. The product is a' colloid of pyro xylin and nitroglycerin having'ayield ing or elastic character. This I reduce-to a fine state of division by cutting, rasping, or pulping. To this granular compoundI then add, preferably, from twcntyto twenty-five per cept. of military or insoluble pyroxylin in a fine state of divisiori,and water equal to fifteen to twenty per cent. of the total weight,
according to the insensitiveriess that may be desired.
The object of the fibrous gun cotton is to lessen the sensitiveness of the colloid of nitroglycerin and pyroxylin and at the same time constitute a. medium forcarryinga larger percentage of water than the said granulated colloid would contain it employed 'without the.
fibrous gun cotton. The fibrous gun cotton also serves to preserve the granular structure and porosity of the compound, in that it separates the grains of the colloid and prevents them from sticking together in a solid mass, which would then not con-Lain water, espechilly when a very large per cent. of nitroglycerin-say eighty per cent-be employed in the colloid.v
I am aware that it has beenproposed to combine fibrous gnu cotton with soluble pyroxylin and nitroglycerin by means of a com- -of the explosive material men and volatile solvent of the soluble pyroxylin andnitroglycerin; but by such process the pores of the military or insoluble pyroxylin are filled with the solution of soluble pyroxylin and nitroglycerin, so that if the same be granulated or reduced to a fine state of division the pores of the fibrous gun cotton being filled would not absorb or hold wator,- as is accomplished in my invention by the employment of fibrous gun cotton in its original porous state. The grains of this mixture would also stick together in mass form, and thus defeat one of the objects of this improvement. I have found also that I obtain higher explosive results and without adding materially to the sensitivencss of the com- ,p und by soaking-the compound in a solution of nitrateof ammonia, nitrate of sodium, or some other oxygen-bearing salt, so that its fibers or poreswill hold such solulicn in suspension. This may he done in any acceptable manner; but I usually proceed as follows: The compound is taken from the pulping-machine, wrung as dry ns'prnclicable in a centrifugal machine, and is then placed in bags and immersed in a bath of asolution of nitrate ofarnmonimprcferably heated; When the compound is thoroughly saturated, the liquid may be extracted 'bya centrifugal machine while the material is yet hot; but I prefor to allow the compound to cool and a portion of the nitrate cf amu'ro'nia or other salt to thereby crystallize within the pores and fibers before wringing.
What I claim i s'- 1. 'The herein described explosive compound, consisting of an intimate mechanical nixture, in a fine state of division, of an exploaive colloid of 'gun cotton and nitro glycerin, and wet fibrous gun cotton.
2. The herein described explosive compound, consisting ofv an intimate mechanical mixture in a 'fine state of division, of an explosivepolloid of gun cotton and nit-r0 glycerin, and fibrorrs. gun cotton holding in sus pension in its p'oresa solution of an oxygen bearing salt such as'nitrate of ammonia.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presenceiof two witnesses.
nonson' MAXIM. Witnesses:
Gso. H. GRAHAM,
E. L. TODD.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US544924A true US544924A (en) | 1895-08-20 |
Family
ID=2613669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US544924D Expired - Lifetime US544924A (en) | Best available copy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US544924A (en) |
-
0
- US US544924D patent/US544924A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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