US544619A - hazlett - Google Patents

Description

2 www Em MB Am HB `.mi JS Patented Aug. '13, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HAZLETT, OF KINGSTON, CANADA.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 544,619, dated August 13, 1895. Application ledJune 8, 1895. Serial NoL 552,142. (No model.) Patented in Canada June 18, 1894, No. 46,372.

To a/ZZ whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN HAZLETT, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Kingston, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented 'certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers, (for which I have ob-` 'tained a patent in Canada, June 18,1894, No.

46,372 and I do declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertaius to make' and use the same. Y

This invention relates to improvements in steam-boilers for either stationary or marine engines, and the novelty and many advantages will appear from the following description and claims, when taken in connection with the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is' a front view with the smokestack broken away. Fig.I 2 is a similar view of the rear. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken in the plane indicated by the dotted line @con Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 is a vertical crosssectional view.

Referring by letter to said drawings, A indicates the front and B the rear water-leg.

C indicates the steam-drums, there being two here illustrated, although in some cases but one drum need be employed. The waterlegs comprise an inner Walla and an outer wall b, and these outer walls, which are refastening devices.

spectively formed from single plates of metal, extend up and constitute the heads or ends of the drums, as better shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, for a purpose which will presently appear. The inner walls a of lthe water-legs are pierced, as shown at c, to receive the opposite end of the tubes D. These tubes are arranged upon an incline from front to rear, so as to aid in the circulation of the water, and the outer walls of the leg are provided at points opposite the apertures c of the inner walls with holes or apertures ci, which are covered by caps e and screws f, or other suitable By this construction it will be seen that access may be readily had to the water-tubes by simply removing the caps.

' E indicates the bridge-wall of the furnace, and F the grate. The bridge-Wall is provided transversely in a plane below the grate or leading intothe ash-pit with adoor h, which may be closed by an ,opening g. The'plates a, and b, which comprise the front water-leg, are cut-away at theirlower edges or arched, as shown at t', so as to project downwardly or depend on opposite sides of the fire-box, as shown at j, whilethe plates which comprise the rear water-leg are continued downwardly throughout their width, so as to form a mud` chamber G, which is at a less altitude than the depending portions j of the front Waterleg. .The outer wall of the. rear water-leg is provided with manholes covered by. doors k, so as to afford access to thev mud-chamber.

In stationary boilers, and such asI have here illustrated, the side Walls are bricked from the ground-line to the tops of the tubes, as shown at H, and this brickwork extends from the front to the rear water-leg. On the inner side of the brickwork and within the firechamberI provide molded fire-brick I, and within the grooves of the fire-brick I place the tubes J, so as to bring them into direct contact with the ire. The tubes J, which are arranged in the fire-box, are of a form similar to the tubes D, although it is preferable` to have them of a different diameter, and all of the tubes are disposed in a similar manner and connect the water-legs.

K indicates the lower bale-plate, and L the upper bathe-plate. These plates are arranged so as to form a tortuous course for the gases and particles of combustion, the upper plate overlapping the lower one and arranged in close proximity to the bottom ot' the drums.

Arranged upon the lower baffle-plate and contiguous or adjacent to the .inner wall of the front water-leg is a perforated steam-box M, and arranged above the upper bafe-plate and contiguous or adjacent to the rear waterleg is a similar box N, which are respectively connected with the steam-drums, as will be presently described.

P indicates the sinokestack. This smokestack rises from the boiler near the rear water-leg and is bifurcated so as to straddle the curved for a sufficient width and extends d own the outer side of each drum to a point at or about the water-line, and is connected with an inner plate R, which is of a similar form,

IOO

and secured directly upon the drum or drums.

These plates Q and R are arranged .at an interval, so as to form an interspace p, and the inner ends of the respective plates have secured to them a vertical plate q, which is in turn secured to the drums, as shown at fr, so as to form spaces s. By this construction it will be seen that the hot gases as they rise will be prevented from coming in contact with the drums at a point above the Water-line, and thereby avoid the superheating of the steam. 4

S indicates a submerged bafIie-plate. This plate extends the entire width of the drums and on a plane slightly above that of the feed water-pipe. This plate, which is secured at its outer edge to the inner side of the outer wall of the front water-leg, and after crossing said leg is deflected or bent slightly upward within the drums or drum, as better shown in Figs. 3 and et of the drawings. By the employment of this baffle-plate it will be seen that the currents will be prevented from rising within the drums and the foaming of the waterbemateriallyreduced. Theplates q, which form the outer walls of the spaces or chambers s, also serve to forni a central flue t for the smoke and particles of combustion rising from the furnace, so that I have a central flue and two lateral iiues for such products. The outer plates or walls of the front and rear water-legs are tied by rods u and fu, which extend through the drums and are secured by nuts or other suitable devices.

T indicates the dry-pipe, there being one used for each drum. These pipes, which are of sufiicient length, assume a position horizontally within the drums and adjacent to the tops thereof, and are provided on their upper longitudinal sides with perforations tu, and their inner ends are also perforated, as shown at y, while their opposite or outer ends U are received in collars V, or the like.

NV indicates a manhole in the front waterleg, which is closed by a suitable door, as shown, and this manhole extends into the tube-chamber and at the point Where the steam-box M is arranged, so that access may be had to said box as well as to the exterior of the fines.

Numeral l indicates asmall pipe which taps the outer wall of the rear water-leg and enters one of the drums, and 2 represents a pipe which taps the steam-box N and is connected with the pipe 1 by means ot' a branch or connection 3.

el. indicates a stop cock or valve for admitting steam from the drum to said steam-box when it is desirable to clean the tubes externally.

5 indicates a small pipe which leads from the other steam-box M and connectsby means ofa branch pipe 6, which carries a stop cock or valve 7, with the front end of one of the drums, for a similar purpose. It is obvious that when a single drum is used these connections can be made at opposite ends thereof.

S indicates the feed-water pipes which con neet with the pump or injector. These pipes are provided with suitable cocks or valves for opening and closing the same, and said pipes are connected at or-near the base of the rear water-leg by means of a transverse pipe 9, and which transverse pipe is connected with the base of said Water-leg by means of a branch pipe 10, carrying a stop-cock 11, and leading from this branch pipe is a blow-oif pipe 12, which carries a cock or valve 13. This transverse pipe 9 is provided between its point of connection with the base of the water-leg and its connection to the feed-water pipes 8 with check-valves 14,which close to the action of the pump or injector, so as to prevent the water from entering the base or lower portion of the water-leg during the operation of feeding. Rising from these feed-pipes S are circulatingpipes 15, which are connected at their upper ends by pipes 16, which pass through the rear water-legs, but without communicating therewith and in a plane slightly below the drums and parallel therewith, or approximately so, and out through the upper portion of the front water-leg, as shown at 17, where they are connected by means of branch pipes 1S, carrying check-valves 19, with pipes 20, which are arranged within the drums and have on their discharge ends a funnel 21. ment of piping for the feed-water it will be seen that I have a thorough system of circulation. lVhenthepumporinjectorisputinto operation and the water enters the pipes 8, it will be prevented from passing into the pipe 9 by reason of the check-valve 14, but will be forced up the pipes 15 to the pipes 17, where it will be brought into direct contact with the heat and particles of combustion passing through the boiler, after which such water Will pass through the branches 18 to the pipes 20, where it will be discharged into the drums from the tunnels 2l. Its course will then be back to the front Water-leg, and as the tubes pitch from front to rear the water will pass through the respective Iiues and into the rear waterleg. As the action of the pump or injector is stopped, the valves 14, which check only to the action of the pump, will, by opening the stop-cock 11, allow the water to pass from the rear water-leg out through the circulating-pipes and back to the drums.

By arching the front water-leg it will be seen that the water-space is extended downwardly on opposite sides ofthe fire-chamber, and a trame 22, of suitable metal,is placed in this arched portion, which closes the front wall of the fire-box and is iiush with the inner wall of the front water-leg. The doors for the tire-box and those for the ash-chain ber, respectively, are attached to this plate, as shown.

By making the water-legs and the drums an integral structure and having the end plates or outer plates in one piece and the drums fiush with the outer faces of the water By this arrange- TCO IIO

legs but one throat-plate is necessary, while in a boiler where the water-leg is connected inside or off the head ofthe drum an open ing in the drum would occur, which would require a reinforcing-ring around the opening equal to the sectional area of that part removed, and thereby n ecessitate the employment of three thicknesses of metal, which would make the joint very rigid and apt to strain the ends'of the tubes by the burning and cracking of the plates at the rivet-holes, which is so objectionable in producing leaky joints. When it is desired to clean the tubes externally, it is simply necessary to open the cocks or valves 4 and 7, when steam will be admitted from the drums to the perforated steam-boxes and from there upon the tubes. As a single drum may be employed, I deem it unnecessary to go into a detailed explanation of such construction, as from the description which I have given any one skilled in the art could omit the two drums shown and employ a single one. For marine purposes lthe brick walls would of course be omitted and sheet-iron siding sub'- stitnted. A blow-oft pipe 22 is attached to the stop-cock 19, ask better shown in Fig. lof the drawings, and is provided with a valve or cock 23. A valve 24 alsoplaced in the pipe 18 between'thestop-cock 19 and the point 17. Thisblow-off is for scumming the surface, and is used when the pump or in-.

jector is not working. When using this blowoff to scum the surface, the cock or valve 24 should first be closed to prevent the water from coming from the bottom or rear end of the boiler.

Having v,described my invention, what I claim isc 1. In a steam boiler, the combination of the casing, the smoke stack communicating with the interior of the casin g, the drums arranged in the casing on opposite sides of the plane of the smoke stack so` as to form a central and side iiues communicating with said stack,fand plates arranged upon the drums abovethe water line so as to protect the upper portions of the drums from the heat and particles of combustion passing up the central andw side fines, substantially as specified.

2. In a steam boiler, the combination of the casing, the smoke stack communicating with the interior of the casing, the drums arranged in the casing on opposite sides ot' the plane of the smoke stack so as to form a central and side tlues communicating with said stack, the inner and outer plates Q, and R, connected together and to the drums at a point above the water line and having a closed space between them, and the vertical plates V, connected to the plates Q, R, and the drums and serving in conjunction with the drums to form spaces s, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a steam boiler, the combination with a drum or drums; of water legs communicating therewith, tubes connecting the legs, baflie plates arranged overlapping each other, the perforated steamboxes arranged transversely above the baffle plates, and valved pipes connecting said boxes with the steam drums, substantially as specied.

4. The combination with asteam boiler, having water legs; of the drums, the feed Water pipes, the transverse pipe connecting the same, and having check valves, a connection for said transverse pipe with the lower portion of the rear Water leg, pipes passing through the boiler and exterior to the steam drums, pipes connecting the feed pipes therewith, a discharge feed pipe entering the drums from said circulating pipes, substantially as specified.

5. In a steam boiler, the combination with the water legs and drums; of the feed water pipes, the pipe arranged in the drums and havingthe funnel discharge, the circulating pipes connecting said feed pipe with the discharge pipe, the pipe connecting said pipes with the lower portion of the rear water leg, suitable cocks or valves in said pipes, and the battle pipes arranged in the drums, substantially as specified.

In testimony-whereof I aftix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

l JOHN HAZLETT. Witnesses:

D. M. MOINTYRE, F. JACKSON.

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