US543475A - Planer - Google Patents

Description

' (No Model.) Y' l 4`sheets-sheen 1.

` H. FRASER.'

vPLANER. y No. 543,475. Patented July so, 189.5.

lamil! (No Model.)` l 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

. H. FRASER.-

PLANER. No. 543,475.; Patented July 30`, 1895.

(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 3..

HFRASBR.

PLANER.

No. 543,475" l Patented July 30,1895.

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PLANBR (No Model.)-

No. 543,475. Patented July 30, 1895.

qUnnrrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARVEYFRASER, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN.

PLAN ER.

SPECIFICATION `forming part of Letters Patent No. 543,475, dated July 30, 1 895.

Application filed May 29,1893. Serial No. 475,917. (No model.)

.To @Z whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, HARVEY FRASER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beloit,

inthe county of Rock and State of Wiscon.

.which will permit the ready removal ofthe working cylinder or cylinders of a planer, to

. I mechanism for eecting a vertical adjustment `of the working cylinders, to mechanism for effecting a vertical adjustment of the idle feed-rollers located at the side of the passage for. the lumber at which the working cylinders are located, toan endless-feed mechanism located at the path of the lumber opposite the working cylinders, to' mechanism for varying the distance between said feed mechanism and the working cylinders, to the peculiar construction of one of the working cylinders hereinafter described, and to certain features of detail.v

The term working cylinder is herein applied to any form of cylinder with which the lumber to be planed, dressed, or polished is brought into contact and acted upon by cutting or abrading. Said cylinders may be provided upon the periphery with sandpaper or similar material, 0r with cutting-edges.

e In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan. Fig. 2 is an elevation-of the righthand side of the machine, the left portion of the machine shown in Fig. l being regarded. as the front of the machine. Fig. 3 is a vertical section inline a b ot' Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section in line d c of Fig. l and a CZ of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section in line a e of Fig. 4.. Figs. 6 and 7 are details of means for adjusting one of the idle feedrollers. Figs. 8 and 9 are details of one of the rotary working cylinders.

A is the frame or case of the machine. This is hollow, and the upper portion is preferably rectangular in cross-section, as indicated in to the wall of the case A.

Figs. l and 5. The operative parts of the machine are supported by said case. B is a rotary working cylinder having cutting-edges. C is a rotary working cylinder having its periphery covered with sand or similar material.

The cylinder B is provided with spiral knives B. Said knives may be applied to the cylinder in any suitable manner. The drawings show them secured to the radial faces b2 of a hub B2 surrounding the shaft B3 of said cylinder, and keyed to the latter. The shaft B5 is supported in bearings B4, and said bearings rest upon and are made rigid with the plate B5, which is of sufficient length to extend from one of said bearings to the l other. The lower portion of said plate is provided with a dovetail tongue b5.

Bis a horizontal table having a dovetail groove 126 adapted to receive the dovetail tongue b5 of the plate B5.

The sides of the case A are open in line with the cylinder B, and the shaft B3 and bearings B4 extend through said openings in order that Athe spiralknives may extend from oneof the side walls of said case to the other. The dovetail tongue b5 and the dovetail groove b5 are fitted to each other accurately, and yet so f loosely as to allow the plate B5 to be withdrawn endwise from the table B5. This at'` fords a ready means for removing the cylinder B for sharpening and dressing or replacing the knives. When said cylinder and the plate B5 are in place in the machine, said plate is bound to the table B6 by means of set-screws B7 extending through the plate B6 and bearing against the tongue b5. In order that said set-screws B7 may be the more readily accessible, they are extended outward through the wall of the case A, as shown in the drawings. At each end said table B6 has a vertical depending leg Bsin contact with the adjacent wall ot' the case A and extending between guide-blocks bs, attached This construction permits a vertical movement of the table b5. p

B11 (see particularly Figs. 3 and 5) is a stationary shaft located beneath and parallel to the table B0. Upon said shaft are located two sliding blocks B10, each being a little nearer the middle of the machine than the adjacent end of said table. From each said block a link B0 extends upward and obliquely outward from the middle of the machine and is hinged by its lower end to said block and by its upper end to said table. It will be understood that moving said blocks toward each other will allow the upper-ends of said links to descend, so that the table B0 is also allowed to descend or is drawn downward, and that forcing said blocks from each other simultaneously will causesaid links to approach more nearly the vertical position, whereby the upper ends of said links are elevated and the table B0 forced upward, the two ends thereof rising equally. The movement of said blocks may be effected in different ways. The drawings show for this purpose a cross-head B13, pivoted between the blocks B10 upon an axis Z313 perpendicular to the shaft B11 and links B12, hinged to the ends of said cross-head and said blocks B10. A rigid arm B11 extends laterally from said cross-head and has the end which is opposite said cross-head hinged to a screw-shaft B15. Said screw-shaft is seated in a threaded sleeve B10, which extends outward through the case A of the machine. Said screw-shaft extends through said sleeve and is provided with a crank 515. By turning said screw-shaft, so as to extend it farther into the machine, the cross-head B13 is turned to a greater angle to the shaft B11, and the links B12 are thereby drawn toward the middle of the machine, the blocks B10 being similarly drawn by said links. By turning the screw-shaft outward the cross-head B13 is turned more nearly parallel to the shaft B11, and the links B12 and blocks B10 are drawn outward. I have found that this mechanism imparts to the table B0 and cylinderB a finelygraduated parallel motion in the Vertical direction.

The cylinder C may also be supported upon a plate similar to the plate B5, and the latter may be supported upon a table similar to the table B0, but the drawings do not show such construction. They show the journals C of said cylinder resting in bearings C2, said bearings being each in the upper end of the vertical plate G3, resting between vertical -guideplates C1, supported by the walls of the case A. Said plates C3 are shown located on the outer side of the walls of the case A; but they may obviously be located inside, as are the legs B8 of the table B0.

As the plates C3 may slide in a vertical direction between the guide-plates C4, it follows that the cylinder C may be raised and lowered. Such movement is effected by means of a train of mechanism similar to that described for effecting the vertical adjustment of the cylinder B. Links C0, corresponding to the links B0, are applied to the plates C4 through openings 130 in the wall of the case A. The letters ranging from C10 to C10, inclusive, indicate the parts of this train of mechanism which correspond to the parts designated by the letter B with the same exponents.

D is an idle-roller extending horizontally across the machine at the front of and parallcl to the cylinder B.

D is a plate or frame resting upon the front portionof the top of the case A, amL at the rear each end of said frame there is a bearing D2, in which said roller D is journaled.` A yoke D3 is located beneath and in front of said roller and rests at its middle upon a shoulder A on the wall of the case A. At each side said yoke has an arm D4, extended forward beneath the rear portion of the frame D. At its middle said. yoke has an upward and rearward directed arm D5. A screwbolt D0 extends loosely through the case A and is threaded into the arm D5. By turning said screw-bolt forward the latter draws the arm D4 toward the front of the machine and rocks the entire yoke D3 forward with the shoulder A as a pivot. In this change of position the arms D1 of the yoke are raised more or less, while the rear portion of the frame D with which they are in contact is raised correspondingly. Vllurning the screw backward will obviously release saidI yoke and allow said frame to descend. AspringdGmaybeinterposedbetween the head of the bolt D0 and the case A in order that said bolt may yield to achosen pressure upon the yoke.

E E are idle-rollers supported in any suitn able manner between the cylinders B and C, with the upper portions of their peripheries substantially in plane with the upper portions of the peripheries of the cylinders B and C.

F is an idle-roller similar to the roller D and located at the rear of the cylinder C, with its upper portion substantially in plane with the upper portions of the rollers and the cylinders, and this may or may not be supported adjustably, as described of the roller D.

G is a slatted endless feed-apron located a short distance above the cylinders B and C, and the roliers D, E, and F, and parallel to the plane to which the ripper portions of said cylinders and rollers extend. At the rear of the machine said apron extends around and is supported by a shaft H. At its front said apron surrounds and is supported by a shaft I. Said shafts are arranged parallel to each other and to the cylinders B and C, and are journaled in side-plates J J, located at each side of the apron G, and having vertical depending arms -J extending loosely between guide-plates J2, supported by the case A. Suitable sprockets or flanges Il and I may be placed upon the shafts II and I.

L (see particularly Figs. 3 and 5) is a shaft extending through and journaled in the case A in a horizontal position and parallel to the cylinders B and C and beneath the arms J.

ICO

` Vpass over the working cylinders lumber of 2O At each end of said shaft an eccentric L surrounds and is keyed to saidshaft, and each of said eccentrics is embraced byan eccentric-strap L2. From each eccentric-strap a pitman L3 extends to the arm J and is hinged,`

to the latter.

From the foregoing itwill be understood that the rotation of the shaft L will alternately bring the major and minor portions of said eccentrics above said shaft. This, of course, raisesand lowers the eccentric-straps and the pitmen L6, and since the latter are coupled to the arms J', the latter, and the plates J and the apron G are raised and lowered. The object in varying the elevation of said apron is to vary the space between the lower face of said apron'and the rollers D, E, and F, in order that the machine may be adapted to different thicknesses. On the shaft L is a worm gear-wheel L4. At right angles to said shaft L is a shaft L6 suitably journaled in the case A, and preferably extending outward through the latter and there having a crank Z6. The inner end of said shaft extends over the worm gear-wheel L4, and has surrounding it a Worm L6. engaging the Wheel L4. By turnj ing the crank Z6, the shaft L6 and worm L5 are rotated. This causes'the rotation of the wheel i shaft H has a bevel-gear H6. 4o.

L4, shaft L, and eccentrics L', and the reciprocat-ion of the rest of the mechanism leading to and supporting the apron.

At each end the shaft H is extended through the adjacent plate J and provided with a worm gear-wheel H2. H7 is a shaft extending along the rear of the case A, below and parallel to the shaft H, and'supported in suitable bearings h6. At each side of the case A said H4 is ashaft arranged at right angles to the shaft H7, and

near enough the latter to support at its lower end a bevel-gear H5, meshing with the bevelgearH6. Above said-bevel-gear H5 said shaft H4 is embraced by a bearing H2, and above said bearing a collar hg is fixed to said shaft.

Said collar and said bevel-gear Hfprevent movement of said shaft H4in-a vertical direction. Bearings h4 h4 are supported by the plates J above and below, and in a vertical linepassing at the rear of the worm gearwheel H2. The upper end of the shaft H4 extends loosely through said bearin gs. Between said bearings h4 a worm H3 surrounds and is feathered to said shaft in such manner as to permit the Vertical reciprocation of said worm upon said shaft, while said worm and said shaft are adapted to rotate in unison.

Hsis a band-wheel surrounding and keyed to one end of the shaft H7. It will now be understood that by rotating said wheel H8 the shaft HT, bevel-gears H6 and H6, the shafts H4, worm` H6, and worm gear-wheel H2, and shaft H, and the apron G will be set into motion. By feathering the worm H3 upon the shaft H4 provision is made for raising and lowering theapron G without destroying the gear connectionbetween said apron and the shaftH?. l

M Ais a band-wheel upon the shaft C of the cylinders C, and N is a band-wheel upon the shaft B6. Belts are tobe applied to these band-Wheels to operate said cylinders.

I claim as my'invention-- 1. In a planer, the combination with the case of the machine, of mechanism for guiding lumber through said machine and a working cylinder arranged transversely to the path formed by said guiding mechanism and having spiral radial faces, B2, and spiral knives, B', applied to said faces, substantially as described.

2. In a planer, the combination with a working cylinder having a support or supports permitting reciprocation in a direction per- '-pendicular to said cylinder, of links, B9, sliding blocks, C16, and mechanism for moving said sliding blocks toward and from each other, substantially as described.

3. In a planer, the combination with a working cylinder, having a support or supports permitting reciprocation in a direction perpendicular to said cylinder, of links, B2, sliding blocks, C16, cross-head, C12, and suitable connections from said cross -head to said blocks, and suitable mechanism for partially rotating said cross-head, substantially vas described.

4. In a planer, the combination with aworking cylinder having a supportorv supports permitting reciprocation in a direction perpendicular tojsaid cylinder, of links, B6, sliding blocks, C16, links, C12, cross-head, C12, arms, C14, screw-shaft, C16, and threaded bearing, C16, substantially as described..

5. In a planer, the combination of an idle roller, D, and frame, D', to which said roller is j ournaled, of a pivoted yoke, D6, and screwbolt, D6, for varyin g the elevationof said roller and the portion of said frame to which said roller is journaled,` substantially as de'-` scribed.

6. In a planer,'the combination with the case of the machine, of f a vertically reciprocable feed mechanism located above said cylinder, eccentrics suitably connected vwith the support of said feed mechanism, and means for rotating said eccentrics, substantially as described.

7. In a planer, the combination with the case of the machine, of va vertically reciprocable feed mechanism located above said cylinder, of eccentrics suitably connected with the support of said feed mechanism, a shaft for supporting said eccentrics, a worm gear wheel located upon said shaft, and a shaft IOO IIO.

having a crank at one end and -at the other end a worm engaging said worm gear wheel, substantially as described.

8. I-n a planer, the combination With the case of the machine, of an endless feed apron, vertically-reciprocable plates located at the side of said apron, shafts for supporting said apron and having bearings in said plates, In testimony whereof I affix mysignatui'e, gearing extending from said case to one of in presence of two Witnesses, this 24th dey of said shafts and supported in part in bearings May, A. D. 1893.

attached to said case and in part n bearings HARVEY FRASER. attached to said plates, two parts of said gear- Witnesses: ing being adjustably connected to each other, J. O. JARWIN,

substantially as described. A. ALDRICH.

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