US399977A

US399977A - davis

Info

Publication number: US399977A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1889-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 1906-03-19

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. E. DAVIS.

PLANING MACHINE. No. 399,977; Patented Mar, 19, 1889.

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(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

W. E. DAVIS.

PLANING MACHINE.

No. 399,977. Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

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VILLIAM E. DAVIS, OF SAN ANTONlO, TEXAS, ASSIGNOR TO PHINEAS J. DAVIS, OF SAME PLACE.

PLANiNG-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,977, dated March 19, 1889.

Application filed June 30, 1888.

To aZZ whom it may concern: I

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Antonio, in the county of Bexar and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Planing-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to machines for planing lumber, and its chief features are a horizontally oscillating cutter-bar having serrated or scalloped cutting-edge, novel means for operating the cutter-bar, two ordinary upper feedrollers, a lower roller-bed, preferably an endless carrier-apron consisting of transverse anti-friction rollers attached to two endless chains, and a vertically-movable frame fitted into the main frame and carrying the upper fced-rollers and the cutter-bar.

The object of my invention is to produce a very smooth surface, avoiding the undulating marks upon the lumber and holes caused by the occasional lifting or breaking out of incurved portions of the lumber, as caused on surfaces planed by rotary cutters.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my planing-machine. Fig. 2 is a top view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical central longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 4. is a detail view illustrating the arrangement of the feed-rollers and the main shaft, and Fig. 5 is a plan view of the cutterbar and its crank and link-connections.

The letter A in the drawings represents the stationary frame of my planing-machine; B, the vertically adjustable frame; 0, main shaft; D D, feed-rollers; E, cutter-bar; F, adjusting-screws, and Gr, lower rol1er-bed,here shown in the form of an endless apron, but it may be of ordinary construction, as fixed rollers. The stationary frame A consists of the foundation plate 9 of the endless carrierapron G, four guide-posts, a, fastened to plate g by means of two bolts, (1, and having their upper flanged end portions united by screws a with a horizontal top frame, A. The guideposts a are provided with V or other suitably shaped. grooves, (shown at a in dotted lines,)

Serial No. 278,620. (No model.)

fitted into which are V or otherwise shaped tongues 7), formed 011 the vertical end surfaces of the frame B, whereby said frame is held steady in the stationary frame A, while it can be easily moved up and down, as will be hereinafter described. The frame B consists of two longitudinal plates, 1), provided with the above-described V or other shaped tongues, and united at their tops by a trans verse brace, 12, securely fastened by screws b Through the two end portions of the brace b the screws F pass, and,being secured longitudinally by means of collars f in the top frame, A, will lower or raise the frame B when turned.

The screws F are, by means of an endless chain, f, and sprocket-wheels, caused to move simultaneously when the hand-wheel f on one of said screws is turned, and thus a uniform motion of both sides of the frame B is produced, and the feed-rollers D D and the cutter-bar E are under all circumstances kept parallel with the carrier-apron Gr. The feedroller D is rigidly journaled in the frame B, while the feed-roller D is hung in the end bosses, (Z, of two lever-arms, d, which are fitted by means of two other bosses, (7. to the tubular bearing 0 of the main shaft 0. This main shaft C is hung in the frame B, and by means of a pinion, 0, drives two gear-wheels, d (Z fastened to the outer end portions of the feed-rollers D D, as shown. By means of a slot, U, in the frame B the feed-roller D is prevented from descending farther than the feed-roller D, but may be lifted higher than it by the rough or unfinished portion of the lumber, upon which it is pressed by means of springs H, secured to the frame B by screws h, the free ends h of which, springs bear upon the bosses d, as shown. The main shaft 0 may be provided with a driving-pulley, c, at one end, while to its other end a large conical gear-wheel, a is fastened,whieh gears into a small gear-wheel, It, on a vertical return crank-shaft, K. This return crankshaft is hung in two horizontal braces, fastened to the frame B, and by means of its crank-pin 71 and a connecting-rod, 712 sets the cutter-bar E in motion.

The cutter bar E is provided with a toothed edge, the teeth (2 being of a \l or any other suitable shape and inclined or sloped downwardly on their upper surface, and said downwardly-sloping cutter-teeth e forming an offset, 6, at the bottom of the body portion of the cutter-bar, thus avoiding undue friction upon the lumber below, and also facilitating their being sharpened. The cutterbarE moves in horizontal bearing-blocks c 6 of which the upper ones, 6 are riveted or otherwise fastened to the frame 13, while the lower ones, 6 are made of an inverted-V or other suitable shape, and ride upon flange projections b of said frame, and are upwardly adjusted against the cutter-bar bymeans of set-screws e of said flange projections. The foundation-plate g is slotted horizontally and is provided with rounded end portions, g, and a straight top surface, 9 as shown. Upon the said straight top surface the endless carrierapron G moves. This endless apron consists of a number of cy1indrical rollers, 9 of equal thickness, the journals g of which form the connecting-pins of the links g of an endless chain, g, arranged at the ends of the rollers, whereby the rollers are kept parallel while moving along with the lumber on top. A belt, o passes through a slot, 11 in the frame B and through the slotted plate g, and thus holds the plates 7) in position against the plate g without partaking of its vertical motion.

The cutter-baris provided with two slotted heads, 6 which are by means of connectingrods 6 and pins g g connected with fixed slotted heads I) on the frame 13, the pins g forming the fixed fulcra around which the cutter-bar oscillates. By this construction the cutter-bar and its teeth 6 are caused to have an oscillating motion, and thus, whenever the stroke of the said bar and teeth is reversed, the teeth will havingless cutting to perform at the beginning and ending of the strokes than at the middle of v the same, and by this means the advance of the teeth will be in proportion with the motion of the crankpin k This construction secures a nice smooth operation of all the parts of the machine, avoiding jerks and rattling noises and marks upon the planed surface, and effecting an increased working capacity. lVith the carrier-apron G, I secure a nearly-closed rolling support for the lumber, and on which it moves without friction, and thus saves a large percentage of power, while the close relation of the rollers g to one another prevents the thinnerboards from bending under the cutter-teeth e and having their thickness varied. While the ordinary rotary cutters work on the principle of the chisel, m y cutterbar E works on the principle of a shaving or draw-cut knife, the removed portions produced by the former being short and splinterlike and not always smooth, while those severed by my cutter are generally as long as the lumber from which they are out, and leave a smooth unbroken surface; and thus it will be readily seen that a out along the grain of the lumber as produced with my machine will require less power than the numerous cuts of the rotary cutter into the grain of the wood. For certain classes of work my planing-machine might be provided with more than one cutter-bar, all operated in the same manner as the one above described; but such additional cutter bar or bars will be arranged at different elevations, the first of the cutterbars bein the highest and cutting away the .rougher ortions of the lumber surface, the last cutter-bar being the lowest and producing the finished surface upon the lumber.

What I claim is 1. In a planing-machine, in combination, a planing-cutter, a supporting-frame, connections for giving a horizontal oscillatory movement to the cutter over the surface of the material being planed, and a supporting feedbed, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. A planing-machine consisting of a cutter-bar having toothed cutting-edge and oscillating on links having fixed fulcra, and a suitable feed-motion, said cutter having an advancing draw-cut movement while moving sidewise, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of a stationary frame having an endless carrier-apron of anti-friction rollers with a vertically-adjustableframe fitted into the stationary frame and carrying the feed-motion, and a horizontally-oscillating cutter-bar, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4:. The combination of vertically-adjustable feed-rollers and an oscillating cutter-bar which advances and recedes while moving sidewise back and forth,with an endless apron having horizontal anti-friction rollers and a foundation-plate, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I do affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. DAVIS. lVitnesses:

GEo. M. GoRnoN, C. KUHN.