US543241A - Writing-telegraph - Google Patents

Description

(N1) mod el W.E. GUMR. WRITING TELEGRAPH. I

No. 543,241. Patented July 28, 1895.

' i 26 25; 3 agar? 3.5

Ground (9) UNITED TATES PATENT Omen.

WILLIAM E. GUMP, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

WRITING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 543,241, dated July 23, 1895.

Application filed February 24, 1894. Renewed June 25, 1895. Serial No. 554,050. (No model.) 7

QZo all whom it maylconcerm ter and comprising a pen and an alternating pulsator, together with a suitable source of energy and means for connecting up the'pul sator to line so as to send strong pulsations of one polarity and weak pulsations of the other polarity when the pen is moved in one direction, and means for reversing the polarities of the two sets of currents on reversal of direction of movement of the pen; and it fur ther consists in the combination of a pair of such half-transmitters with suitable receiving, mechan1smsuch, for instance, as a receiving-pen, polarized pen-moving devices, andpolarized devices for controlling the direction of movement of thepen; and it further consists in a novel unison device for bringing the trans initter and receiver pens into unison of position each time'that the paper is shifted; and

it further consists in a new location of the pen lifting and lowering magnet in the sys; tem of wiring the circuits; and it further consists in certain other combinations hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the system; and Fig. 2 is a vertical view of the gearing by which one of the bars of the receiving-pen is actuated,together with apor- .tion of the unison device.

In its general operation my invention is one already familiar in writing-telegraphs, the transmitter-pen being moved to trace the characters of the message and being connected with mechanism whereby pulsations are sent over two lines, the number of pulsations sent over each line being proportionate to the distance through which the transmitterpen is moved relative to one of two co-ordinates making an angle, preferablyabout a right angle, with each other. The transmitter must also be provided with means for re-, versing the direction of movement of the receiver-pen with the reversal of movement of the transmitter-pen, and with means for lifting, lowering, and positioning the receiverpen to keep it in unison of position with the transmitter-pen, and means for shifting the receiving-paper. The receiver must be provided with a pen and paper and suitable mechanism for effecting the various operations necessary in recording the message in unison with similar movements of the transmitter pen and paper.

Referring now to Fig. 1, it will be seen that it shows the transmitter'ofone station, which-is herein called station A, and the receiverof another station, which is herein called station B, connected by two wires a and b. As

the two stations are connected by two wires only the system is a two-wire system.

For simplicity I omit to indicate the receiver of the station A and the transmitter of station 13 and the manner in which they are connected to the lines a and b.

I shall first describe the receiver. This description may be very brief, since the only novelty that I claim is in the peculiar location of the pen lifting and lowering magnet in the circuit and in the unison device.

Construction of the Receiver.

larized magnet 3 for controlling the extent of movement of the pen.- In the line a is also a third magnet 4, not polarized, which operates the paper-shifter, provided with a suitable shunt 5 to prevent its being operated by the currents which operate magnets 1 and 3 in the same line.

The pen lifting and lowering magnet 6 is a polarized magnet placed in a loop, which includes, also, a condenser 7 in series with magnet 6, the loop being connected up with the line b as a shunt around the two magnets 1 and? of this-line-b. The currents which'rare sent over the line b to operate magnets 1 and with two rods 9, which make at their common I point a junction with the pen approximately at right angles with each other. The movements of these two rods forward and back are 1 controlled by two identical mechanisms, each of which with its rod may be termed a halfreceiver.

In each mechanism thepolarized pen-moving magnet 3 vibrates an anchor-'e'scap'ement 10 and through a ratchet and miter wheel on a vertical shaft 11 rotates a shaft 12, on which two miter-wheels 13 13 and a drum 14 are rigidly mounted. Each of the rods 9 rests upon the drum 14, and each rod has attached to it near its ends the ends of a cord, which cord is given one or more turns around the drum upon which the rod rests, thereby securing movement of the rod forward or back with rotation of the drum. The extent of movement of the rod is determined by the number of oscillations of the armature 10 of the rn-agnet 3, and the direction of movement of the rod is determined by which of the two miter- 1 wheels 13 13 is in engagement with the miterwhe'el'on the vertical shaft 11, which in turn depends upon the position of the armature 15 of the polarized direction-control1-er magnet 1.

The rods 9 are connected with the drums 14 whether the pen is lifted, or lowered, and therefore the pen can be moved whether on or off of the paper.

The paper-shifter magnetd has an armature 16, which forms an anchor-escapcment and controls the paper -shiftin-g device 17. This device is preferably driven by a weight when released by the escapement.

The pen 8 has attached to ita cord 18, to which a small weight 19 is attached, the cord being run over a pulley 20. This weight tends to draw the receiver-pen into one corner of the platen-frame 21, which lies just above the paper. This is intended to operate as a stop-guide to bring the receiver-pen into unison of position with the transmittenpen. To effect this unison of position of the two pens it will be necessary, when the paper is to be shifted, that the transmitter-pen becarried to the corresponding corner of the transmitter platen-frame 22. If, when this is done, there is any difference in the relative positions of the transmitter and receiver pens, the

receiver-pen will either reach the corner bei fore the transmitter-pen reaches its corresponding corner, andewill be held thereby nn-f til the transmitter-pen reaches its corner or it will lag behind the transmitter-pen, and

must be released from its operating mechanism, so that the weigh-t19 may draw it into its 1 corner. This latter operation is effected byj the paper-shifting magnet 4 whenever the paper is shifted. When, the paper is to be 51 shifted, the transmitter-pen is brought to its corner and a current is then sent over the line a, which will operate the paper-shifting magnet 4. The armature 16 of this magnet has attached to it a rod 23, which is pivoted at its other end to an arm projecting at right angles from the shaft 24:. Upon this shaft are fastened two arms 25, which support the ends of the vertical shafts 11.

When the magnet 4 is magnetized and attracts its armature it operates the paper- 1 shifter 17 and lowers the miter-wheels on the shafts 11 out'o'f gear with the miter-wheels 13. This releases the shafts 12 and permits the weight 19 to draw the pen 8 into its corner.

The current which operates the magnet 4 will also magnetize the magnets 3 and 1. The magnetization of the magnet 3 will effect nothing, because the miter wheel on the vert-ical shaft 11 will not be in engagement with either ofthe miter-wheels 1'3. The magnetization of the magnet 1 may reverse the position of the armature 1-5 of the direction-controlling magnet, but this is immaterial, since as soon as the transmitter begins to operate the direction-controlling magnet will be properly magnetized, as will be hereinafter seen.

01'' course, any suitable power may be substituted for the cord and weight 19 for drawthe receiver-pen into its corner, and I do not limit myself to the use of a weight.

Construction of the Transmitter.

rents over one of the lines, which shall properlyoperate'thedirection-controlling and penmoving magnets in the same line at the receiver-5 and in addition to this provision for causing the receiver-pen to follow the horizontal movements of the transmitter-pen there must also be provided suitable means for sending currents that shall operate the pen lifting and loweringdevice at the receiverstat-ion when'ever'the transmitter-pen is lifted and lowered, and suitable means for sending a current that shall shift the paper at the re ceiver-station whenever the paper-shifter at i the transmitter-station is operated. As before indicated, the currents which operate to lift and lower the receiver-pen are sent over line b, andthe currents which operate to shift the paper and at the same time to bring the two pens to unison are sent over the line a.

Eachof the two halves of the transmitter consists broadly in a battery of cells 26 connected in series and having intermediate ground connection, a transmitter --switch thrown by the reversal of movement of the transmitter-pen 27, in the direction of its penrod '28, for sending currents which shall control the direction of movement of the corresponding receiver pen-rod, a pulsator which determinesthe extent of movement of the receiver pen-rod, and a commutator, which, when operated, breaks the branches through is in the com mutators, which willbe described later. The two pen-rods 28 are connected to the transmitter-pen at their point of juncture the same as the penrods of the receiver-pen,

and, although rack-and-pinion mechanism is shown for connecting them with their actuating mechanism, it is obvious that a cord and drum mechanism, such as is shown in the re-1 ceiver, may be used instead.

For convenience of statement the description will now be confined to one-half of the transmitter, although applicable to each. The

pen-rod through its rack and pinion, revolves a toothed wheel29. vibrates between two c'ontact-points31, and thus alternately and in rapid succession connects two different circuits to line. This mechanism will be called an alternating pulsator. The escapement 30 is connected through a switch. to line, and the points 31 are connected through switches to battery.-

7 Frictionally attached to each of the shafts metallic contact members 34 carried by this therefore, of the arm, is reversed this pairof, contacts will be opened and the other pair of,

that carry the wheels 29 is a swinging arm 32.

This arm, when the shaft to which it is at-' tached revolves in either direction, is thereby carried around until stopped by engagement with one of the pairs of contact-points which lie on either side of its end. This swinging arm has pivoted on its end a contact-bearer 33 of insulating material. There are two contact-bearer, one on either end. The pivot by which the contact-bearer is attached to the arm32 liesinterm ediately with respect to these contact members One of the contact members is connected by a wire with one of thecontact-points of the alternating pulsator and the other of these contactmembers is connected by another wire with the other contacts will be closed. Of the four points which make up these two pairs of contactp0ints, p0int 35 is connected with one end of the battery, point 36 with the other end of the battery, point 37 is connected to the side of the battery to which point 35 is connected,

:point as is connected with the side or the This wheel as it revolves at the receiver.

7 pulsator. but so as to cut off one or more cells, and

battery to which point 36 is connected, but also so as to out off one or more cells. The points 35 and 38 form a pair of contact-points which lie on one side of the contact-bearer 33, and the points 36 and 37 form the other pair of contact-points which lie on the other side of the contact-bearer.

When the contact members of the contactbearer are in contact with points 35 and 38 the circuit to the line in the left-hand halves of the transmitter and receiver isas follows: from the ground through contact 39 and wire 40, through half the battery to point 35,

through one of the contact memberson the contact-bearer and its connecting-wire to one of-the contact-points 31 of the alternating pulsator, and thence, when this point is in contact with the escapement 30, by wire 41 through the contact 12 to line b to the receiver, thence through magnetland its shunt 2 and through magnet 3 to the ground at the receiver. When the 'anchor-escapement' of the alternating pulsator is .in contact with the point on the other side, the circuit is, as

before, from the ground through the contact 39 and wire 40, but next through apart of the other half of the battery to the contact-point 38, through one of the members on the contact-bearer and wire attached thereto to the other contact-point of the alternating pulsator, thence from the escapement 30 the circuit is, as before, by wire 41 to line b and ground It will be seen that when the contacts 35 38 are closed a strong pulsation of; one polarity and a weak pulsation of the opposite polarity are sent to line with each vibration of the anchor 30 between the points 31 of the alternating pulsator. When, however, the contact-bearer is carried to the other side, so as to bring its contact members into contact with points 36 and 37, the polarities of the strong and weak pulsations are reversed.

The contact-bearer 33 is mounted on a pivot in the manner shown to secure uniform press-- ure against the two contact-points of each enough, but are strong enough to operate the pen-moving magnet. The direction in which the receiver-pen rod will be moved will therefore be determined by the pair of contact-" points with which the contact members of the contact-bearer 34. engage :The extent of -movement of the pen-rod is determined by the number of oscillations of the alternating It is not necessary that the points 37 and .38 should be connected with fewer batterycells than are the points 35 and 36, for instead they may be connected through resistance-coils with the ends of the battery and the strength of the currents taken from these points thus diminished.

As there is no novelty in the pen lifting and lowering and the paper-shifting devices of the transmitter which remain to be noticed, they will now be described briefly. The lifting or lowering of the receiver-pen is effected by breaking both the normal ground through wire and the normal connection of the alternating pulsator with line b at the contacts 39 and 42, respectively, and connecting one end of the battery through a polechanger and contact 43 with the ground, while the other end of the battery is connected through the pole-changer to the line b. The changes in the circuit above stated areeffected whenever the transmittenpen is either lifted or lowered. The vertical movement of one of the rods attached to this pen oscillates an anchor-escapement 44, which, when the pen is lifted, rotates the pole changer 45 far enough to pass one pair of con'tactstrips thereon under its brushes. There is an even number of contact-strips on the pole-changer and they are grouped into two sets by electrically joiningalternate strips and connecting one set so formed with one pole of the battery and the other set with the other pole. When 'a movement of the pole-changer has been completely made the normal condition of the circuit is reestablished, so that the receiver-pen movements are again controlled by the movements of the transmitter-pen, whether the action of the pole-changer leftthe receiver-pen off or on the paper. During the movement of the polechanger the contacts 39 and 42 are open and the contact 43 is closed. The switches controlling these contacts are operated by a disk 46, which is on the same shaft and revolves with the polech-anger. The circuit to the line is then from the ground through the contact 43, through one brush of the pole-changer, through the whole of battery 26 in series, through the other brush of the pole-changer, out to line b, and thence to ground at the receiver, as be fore. This sends a current of double the normal electromotive force and sets up a difierence of potential at the receiver between the ends of the loop, which includes the magnet 6 and condenser 7 suflicient to operate the magnet 6 and lift the pen. hen the transmitter-pen is lowered the pole-changer is again rotated one space in the same direction. The battery is reversed so as to send a current of opposite polarity but of the same strength as is sent duringthe other operation of the pole-changer. This current operates the polarized magnet Gand lowers the receiverpen.

When the paper is to be shifted, the papershifting rod 47 is pushed in, thereby operating the paper-shifter at the transmitter mechanically, as shown. At the same time the ance of the circuit is not increased beyond the extra resistance of the cells thrown in series, the current is sufficiently increased in strength to operate the magnet 4 at the receiver-station, and thereby shift the paper and release the receiver-pen, as before described.

Without limiting myself to the precise details and mechanism shown, what I claim, and

desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. In a writing telegraph transmitter, a pen, an alternating pulsator, a suitable source of energy, means for connecting up the pulsator to line so as to send strong pulsations of one polarity and weak pulsations of the other polarit-y, and means for reversing the polarities of the two sets of currents on reversal of direction of movement of the pen, substantially as described.

2. In a writing telegraph system, suitable receiving mechanismfln combination with a transmitter comprising a pen, two lines, two alternating pulsators, one arranged to be connected up to one and the other to the other of the two lines, suitable sources of energy, means for connecting up each pulsator to its line in such manner as to send strong pulsations of one polarity and weak pulsations of the other polarity, and means for reversing the polarities in these sets of currents with reversal of direction of movement of the pen, substantially asdescribed.

. 3. In a writing telegraph system, suitable receiving mechanism consisting of areceiving pen, polarized pen moving devices, and polarized direction controlling devices, in combination with two lines, and a transmitter comprising a pen, two alternating pulsators, one

arranged to be connected-up with one and the other with the other of the lines, suitable sources of energy, means for connecting up each pulsator to its line in such manner as'to tion of movement of the pen, a contact bearer pivoted to the arm intermediately with respect to the contact members on the bearer, two pairs of contacts of which these contact members are a part, the contact members and the other contact points which co-operate therewith to form the pairs of contacts being so located with respect to each other that one pair of contacts or the other is closed according as the pen is moved in one direction or the other, a suitable. source of energy, and connections through the pairs of contacts whereby strong positive and weak negative or weak positive and strong negative currents are sent to line,

\ according asone or the other of the pairs of contacts is closed, substantiallyas described.

6. The combination of a shaft, means for revolvin g it, a friction arm, a contact bearer pivoted thereto intermediately with respect to its contact members, and one or more pairsof contacts closed bymovement of the friction arm and contact bearer, substantially as described.

7. In. a writing telegraph transmitter, the combination of a transmitter pen, a shaft revolved thereby, a friction'arm attachedto the shaft-and carried therebyin one direction or theiother, according to the direction of movement of the pen, a contact bearer pivoted to thearm intermediately with respect to its contact members, and one or more pairs of contacts closed upon movement of the pen and corresponding movement of the friction arm and contact bearer in one direction or the other, substantially as described.

8. In a two wire writing telegraph system, at the receiver, the combination of a pen moving and direction controlling device in each line, a pen lifting and lowering magnetic device in aloop connected to one ofthe lines as a'shunt around the pen moving and direction controlling magnets of that line, and a paper shifting magnetic device in the other line, substantially as described.

9. In awriting telegraph receiver,a unison device for bringing the receiver pen to a fixed .point when the paper is shifted, which conscribed.

sists in the combination of the receiver pen, a cord and weight attached thereto, a stop guide, and means for releasing the pen from the driving escapement, substantially as described.

10. In a writing telegraph receiver, a unison device for bringing the receiver pen to a fixed sists in the combination of a receiver pen, a cord and weight attached thereto, a stop guide, a paper shifting magnetic device, means operated by the paper shifting magnet for releasing the receiver pen from the driving mechanism, substantially as described.

11. In a writing telegraph receiver, the combination of a pair of miter wheels, a pen-driving drum, a shaft on which :the pair of wheels and the drum are all rigidly mounted, the drum being mounted between the wheels, a third miter wheel, which is power-driven and is mounted to engage with one or the otherof the wheels of the said pair of miter wheels, means for throwing the said power-driven miter wheel out of engagement with one of the pair of wheels and into-engagement with the other of the pair, and means for throwing the power-driven miter wheel out of engagement with both wheels of the pair, when the paper is shifted, substantially as described.

12. In a writing telegraph receiver, the combination of two sets of miter wheels of three wheels each,one of the wheels of each set beingpower-d-riven and engaging with the other two, a pen driven by the two sets of miter wheels, the power-driven wheel of each set being movable into and out of engagement with the other wheels of the set, and means for point when the paper is shifted, which: coning power-driven and engaging with the other two, a pen driven by the two sets of miter wheels, the power-driven wheel of each set bein g movable into and out of engagement wlth the other wheels of the set, a paper shifting magnet, and means operated by this magnet for throwing both of these power-driven wheels outof engagement with the other wheels. at the same time, substantially as de WILLIAM E. GUMP.

In presence of- THOMAS EWING, J r., SAMUEL W. BALoH.v

Images