US5428050A - Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures - Google Patents
Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures Download PDFInfo
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- US5428050A US5428050A US08/234,089 US23408994A US5428050A US 5428050 A US5428050 A US 5428050A US 23408994 A US23408994 A US 23408994A US 5428050 A US5428050 A US 5428050A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/12—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, neither directly attached to a ring nor the nitrogen atom being a member of a heterocyclic ring
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- This invention relates to a water soluble preservative admixture for addition to commercial use formulations to provide long time synergistic biocidal activity therein, and, more particularly, to admixtures of a methylol compound and an iodopropynyl compound, in predetermined weight ratios of 100:1 to 2000:1.
- M. Rosen et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 4,844,891, for example, described a preservative admixture of (a) a formaldehyde donor and (b) a halopropynyl compound, in a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 50:1 to 1:1, preferably 30:1 to 2:1, and, most preferably, 20:1 to 10:1, as providing fungicidal activity for 1-3 days in commercial use formulations.
- a feature of the present invention is the provision of an admixture concentrate which is water soluble and which therefore can be uniformly distributed in use compositions at a predetermined use level.
- Another feature herein is the provision of a preservative admixture which exhibits a long term synergistic biocidal activity against wide range of fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in the use compositions.
- Still another feature of this invention is the provision of a water soluble preservative admixture for personal care compositions in the form of a solution, lotion, gel, emulsion, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension, slurry or cream.
- composition of the invention comprises an admixture of powders of
- compositions containing about 0.01 to 2% by weight of the composition of the invention also are provided therein.
- Such use compositions contain an iodopropynyl compound in an amount of about 0.5 to 10 ppm, to provide the desired antifungal activity, and a methylol compound, or equivalent thereof, in an amount of at least 250 ppm, to provide the desired antibacterial activity.
- the invention is based upon the discoveries that in a predetermined admixture of (a) a methylol compound, or its equivalent, and (b) an iodopropynyl compound:
- Iodopropynyl compounds are substantially water insoluble at weight ratios of (a):(b) of less than 100; accordingly, at weight ratios below 100:1, it is difficult to uniformly distribute the iodopropynyl compound in aqueous use compositions, particularly in creams, gels and the like.
- the admixtures are used at a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 100:1 to 2000:1, which are water soluble in all use compositions at conventional use levels.
- Preservative activity for use compositions is achieved most effectively with an admixture wt. ratio of 100:1 to 2000:1 at use levels of 0.05 to 2% by weight of the finished product.
- the iodopropynyl compound is present in an amount of only 0.5-10 ppm, which significantly reduces the cost and toxicity of the use composition.
- the methylol compound also is present in an amount of at least 250 ppm.
- the (a) methylol compound may be selected from diazolidinyl urea.
- Tables 1 through 14 below demonstrate the very effective synergistic interaction between compounds "a” and "b” against a broad range of fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The following organisms were tested:
- Q b The quantity of Compound b acting alone, producing and endpoint.
- Q A The quantity of Compound A in mixture, producing an endpoint.
- Q B The quantity of Compound in mixture, producing an endpoint.
- SI is equal to 1a mere additive effect of the components in the mixture is indicated; when SI is less than 1, synergism has occurred; and when SI is greater than 1 it indicates antagonism of the two components.
- the quantity of each component in the various mixtures is compared with the, quantity of pure component that is required to reach the same endpoint or to produce the same microbiological effect as the mixture.
- Tables 1 through 14 above illustrate the synergism of IPBC (compound B) with Germall® II or DMDMH (compound A) at weight ratios of A:B of 2000:1, 1000:1, 500:1, 200:1, 100:1, 50:1 and 20:1.
- Synergism is very effective for all ratios at low use levels, e.g. 0.01% to 0.1%, against all tested gram-positive, gram-negative organisms and fungi organisms. At slightly higher use concentrations, e.g. 0.20 to 0.50%, all tested ratios were synergistic against Candida albicans and A. niger also.
- the synergistic effect is negligible at the 0.01 to 0.1% use levels, and non-synergistic even against Candida albicans and A. niger at use levels of 0.20 to 0.50%.
- the SI values were lower for Germall® II as the methylol compound in the admixtures as compared to DMDMH.
- IPGA iodopropynyl alcohol
- a typical cosmetic emulsion was prepared for microbiological Challenge testing and predetermined admixtures of a methylol compound and IPBC were added at various use levels.
- the emulsion thus prepared had the following composition:
- Phases A and B were heated separately to 75°-80° C. Phase A then was added to Phase B with mixing. The mixture then was cooled to 55°-60° C. At this point the desired amount of the preservative admixture was added and the product was cooled to 50° C. while stirring. The citric acid solution then was added to adjust the pH and the mixture was stirred until a temperature of 30° C. was reached.
- the challenge tests were carried out using the following microorganisms: SA, ECOLI, PSA, PC, AN and CAN, in this manner. 50 g. aliquots of the test emulsion containing various amounts of the preservative admixture were inoculated with approximately 10 7 -10 8 of the challenge organisms. The test samples then were stirred to disperse the challenge inoculum. The samples were incubated and assayed at 48 hours, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The assays were performed on 1 g. of the test sample by serially diluting 10 1 to 10 6 of the original concentration. The plating medium for bacteria was Letheen agar and for fungi it was low pH Mycophil agar with Tween 20.
- admixture compositions of Germall® II and IPBC at a wt. ratio of 2000:1 provide substantially complete protection against all tested organisms after 28 days.
- all the challenge tests passed within 21 days.
- all organisms died within 7 days except CAN which cleared within 14 days.
- Table 21 shows the challenge test results for DMDMH and IPBC admixtures at the same 2000:1 wt. ratio. A use level of 0.2%, however is needed for this blend to pass against all organisms after 21 days. Upon reinoculation, all organisms died within 7 days with the exception of CAN which cleared within 14 days. It is thus evident from these results that Germall® II blended with IPBC is 4 times more effective than a DMDMH/IPBC blend
- Germall® II also is superior to GADM as the methylol compound, as shown in Table 23.
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Abstract
A water soluble preservative admixture of biocidal compounds for addition to commercial use compositions at predetermined use levels, and uniformly distributed therein, to provide long-time synergistic biocidal activity against a wide range of fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, which comprises powders of (a) one or more methylol compounds, or their equivalents, and (b) iodopropynyl alcohol, or its ester, carbamate or ether derivative thereof, in a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 100:1 to 2000:1.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a water soluble preservative admixture for addition to commercial use formulations to provide long time synergistic biocidal activity therein, and, more particularly, to admixtures of a methylol compound and an iodopropynyl compound, in predetermined weight ratios of 100:1 to 2000:1.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Combinations of antimicrobial agents have been developed in the prior art in order to:
(1) produce a biochemical synergism;
(2) broaden the antimicrobial spectrum of activity of each agent;
(3) increase water solubility for the admixture;
(4) minimize the toxicity or irritation of a given agent to the host; and
(5) minimize physical and chemical incompatibilities.
True biological synergism exists when two agents, when combined, require lesser amounts of the agents to bring about the same inhibitory or cidal effect than either single agent alone. While synergistic interaction for two or more antimicrobial agents does produce more than merely an additive effect in the resultant biological activity, in most cases the mechanism of such synergism remains a mystery.
M. Rosen et al., in U.S. Pat. No. 4,844,891, for example, described a preservative admixture of (a) a formaldehyde donor and (b) a halopropynyl compound, in a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 50:1 to 1:1, preferably 30:1 to 2:1, and, most preferably, 20:1 to 10:1, as providing fungicidal activity for 1-3 days in commercial use formulations. However, Rosen observed that when the ratio of (a):(b) in the concentrate exceeded 50:1 (System No. 16 in Table 1, a ratio of 73.33), the preservative composition was ineffective in providing biocidal protection in the use formulations. Thus a relatively large amount of the halopropynyl compound was required by Rosen to provide significant biocidal activity in the use composition. In such admixtures, although the formaldehyde donor is water soluble, the halopropynyl compound is substantially insoluble in water. Therefore it was difficult for Rosen to uniformly distribute his admixture throughout the use composition.
For these and other reasons, it is desired to provide a new and improved water soluble preservative admixture of such biocidal compounds which requires relatively little of the water insoluble and expensive halopropynyl compound, and that also provides effective synergistic protection in use formulations against a wide range of fungi and bacteria at different use levels over a long period of time.
A feature of the present invention is the provision of an admixture concentrate which is water soluble and which therefore can be uniformly distributed in use compositions at a predetermined use level.
Another feature herein is the provision of a preservative admixture which exhibits a long term synergistic biocidal activity against wide range of fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in the use compositions.
Still another feature of this invention is the provision of a water soluble preservative admixture for personal care compositions in the form of a solution, lotion, gel, emulsion, emulsifiable concentrate, suspension, slurry or cream.
These and other objects and features of the invention will be made apparent from the following more particular description of the invention.
What has been discovered is a water soluble preservative composition for addition to commercial use compositions at predetermined use levels, and uniformly distributed therein, which provides long term synergistic biocidal activity against a wide range of fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The composition of the invention comprises an admixture of powders of
(a) a methylol compound, or their equivalent, and
(b) iodopropynyl alcohol, or its ester, carbamate or ether derivative thereof,
in a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 100:1 to 2000:1, preferably 200:1 to 500:1.
Commercial use compositions containing about 0.01 to 2% by weight of the composition of the invention also are provided therein. Such use compositions contain an iodopropynyl compound in an amount of about 0.5 to 10 ppm, to provide the desired antifungal activity, and a methylol compound, or equivalent thereof, in an amount of at least 250 ppm, to provide the desired antibacterial activity.
The invention is based upon the discoveries that in a predetermined admixture of (a) a methylol compound, or its equivalent, and (b) an iodopropynyl compound:
(1) Iodopropynyl compounds are substantially water insoluble at weight ratios of (a):(b) of less than 100; accordingly, at weight ratios below 100:1, it is difficult to uniformly distribute the iodopropynyl compound in aqueous use compositions, particularly in creams, gels and the like. In this invention, the admixtures are used at a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 100:1 to 2000:1, which are water soluble in all use compositions at conventional use levels.
(2) Effective synergistic biocidal activity is achieved for admixtures having a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 100:1 to 2000:1. Such admixtures have a Synergistic Index (SI) value approaching zero (maximum synergism) for a wide range of organisms. In contrast, admixtures with (a):(b) ratios below 100:1, e.g. 10:1 to 50:1, are much less synergistic, and are active with only a narrower range of organisms.
(3) Preservative activity for use compositions is achieved most effectively with an admixture wt. ratio of 100:1 to 2000:1 at use levels of 0.05 to 2% by weight of the finished product. In this amount, the iodopropynyl compound is present in an amount of only 0.5-10 ppm, which significantly reduces the cost and toxicity of the use composition. The methylol compound also is present in an amount of at least 250 ppm.
The experimental results upon which these discoveries are based are described below. In these examples, the (a) methylol compound may be selected from diazolidinyl urea. (GERMALL® II) N-[1,3-bis (hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl) urea, imidurea (GERMALL® 115), 1,3-dimethylol-5,5-dimethyl hydantoin (DMDMH), sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SUTTOCIDE® A), glycine anhydride dimethylol (GADM), dimethylhydroxymethyl pyrazole, (1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride (a methylol equivalent),1,3,5-(trishydroxyethyl)hexahydrotriazine, or hydroxymethyl pyrrolidone; and the (b) iodopropynyl compound is iodopropynyl alcohol (IPGA) or 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate (IPBC).
1. WATER SOLUBILITY
The water solubility or insolubility of admixtures of several methylol compounds with IPBC as 1% aqueous solutions is shown in Tables A through C below.
TABLE A
______________________________________
Weight Ratio of Amount
Germall ® II:IPBC
in ppm Solubility
______________________________________
2000:1 5 Soluble
1000:1 10 Soluble
500:1 20 Soluble
200:1 50 Soluble
100:1 100 Soluble
50:1 200 Insoluble
20:1 500 Insoluble
______________________________________
TABLE B ______________________________________ Weight Ratio of Amount GADM: IPBC in ppm Solubility ______________________________________ 2000:1 5 Soluble 1000:1 10 Soluble 500:1 20 Soluble 500:1 50 Soluble 100:1 100 Soluble 50:1 200 Insoluble 20:1 500 Insoluble ______________________________________
TABLE C ______________________________________ Weight Ratio of Amount DMDMH: IPBC in ppm Solubility ______________________________________ 2000:1 5 Soluble 1000:1 10 Soluble 500:1 20 Soluble 200:1 50 Soluble 100:1 100 Soluble 50:1 200 Insoluble 20:1 500 Insoluble ______________________________________
These results demonstrate that admixtures having a ratio of 50:1 or 20:1 are insoluble in water whereas at ratios of 100:1 to 2000:1 the admixtures are soluble in water.
2. SYNERGISM
Tables 1 through 14 below demonstrate the very effective synergistic interaction between compounds "a" and "b" against a broad range of fungi and both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The following organisms were tested:
______________________________________
ATCC
Organism Number Inoculum Concentration
______________________________________
Ps. aeruginosa (PSA)*
9027 2.1 × 10.sup.6
CFU/gm of Product
E. coli (ECOLI)*
8739 4.7 × 10.sup.5
CFU/gm of Product
Staph. aureus (SA)**
6538 1.6 × 10.sup.6
CFU/gm of Product
Ps. cepacia (PC)*
25416 1.6 × 10.sup.6
CFU/gm of Product
C. albicans (CAN)***
10231 8.0 × 10.sup.4
CFU/gm of Product
A. niger (AN)***
16404 2.7 × 10.sup.5
CFU/gm of Product
______________________________________
TABLE D
__________________________________________________________________________
Static (MIC) and Cidal Activities of Several Antimicrobial Compounds
(Static/Cidal Concentrations in ppm)
Organism (ATCC #)
IPBC Germall ® II
GADM DMDMH IPGA
__________________________________________________________________________
(SA) (6538)
100/200
400/1600
400/800
450/1600
300/5000
(ECOLI) (8739)
50/100
400/1600
400/800
400/800
150/600
(PSA) (9027)
800/1200
400/1600
400/400
600/1600
70/70
(PC) (25416)
1200/1800
200/400
200/400
600/1600
70/300
(CAN) (10231)
50/100
1500/15000
7500/15000
8000/16000
50/300
(AN) (16404)
50/100
3200/3200
1600/3200
8000/16000
30/30
__________________________________________________________________________
The Synergism Index was determined by the same mathematical treatment of such data described by Kull et al. in Applied Microbiology 9,538-541 (1961) using the following relationship: ##EQU1## where: 1. Qa =The quantity of Compound a acting alone, producing an endpoint.
2. Qb =The quantity of Compound b acting alone, producing and endpoint.
3. QA =The quantity of Compound A in mixture, producing an endpoint.
4. QB =The quantity of Compound in mixture, producing an endpoint.
When SI is equal to 1a mere additive effect of the components in the mixture is indicated; when SI is less than 1, synergism has occurred; and when SI is greater than 1 it indicates antagonism of the two components.
According to this well known method of measuring synergism, the quantity of each component in the various mixtures is compared with the, quantity of pure component that is required to reach the same endpoint or to produce the same microbiological effect as the mixture.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
2000:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.05 99.95 0.06
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.05 99.95 0.06
" PSA 1200 1600 0.05 99.95 0.06
" PC 1800 1250 0.05 99.95 0.08
" CAN 100 15000 0.05 99.95 0.01
" AN 100 3200 0.05 99.95 0.03
0.025% SA 200 1600 0.125 249.9 0.16
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.125 249.9 0.16
" PSA 1200 1600 0.125 249.9 0.16
" PC 1800 1250 0.125 249.9 0.20
" CAN 100 15000 0.125 249.9 0.02
" AN 100 3200 0.125 249.9 0.08
0.05% SA 200 1600 0.25 499.8 0.31
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.25 499.8 0.31
" PSA 1200 1600 0.25 499.8 0.31
" PC 1800 1250 0.25 499.8 0.40
" CAN 100 15000 0.25 499.8 0.04
" AN 100 3200 0.25 499.8 0.16
0.10% SA 200 1600 0.5 999.5 0.63
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.5 999.5 0.63
" PSA 1200 1600 0.5 999.5 0.63
" PC 1800 1250 0.5 999.5 0.80
" CAN 100 15000 0.5 999.5 0.07
" AN 100 3200 0.5 999.5 0.32
0.20% SA 200 1600 1 1999 1.25
" ECOLI 100 1600 1 1999 1.26
" PSA 1200 1600 1 1999 1.25
" PC 1800 1250 1 1999 1.60
" CAN 100 15000 1 1999 0.14
" AN 100 3200 1 1999 0.63
0.40% SA 200 1600 2 3998 2.51
" ECOLI 100 1600 2 3998 2.52
" PSA 1200 1600 2 3998 2.50
" PC 1800 1250 2 3998 3.20
" CAN 100 15000 2 3998 0.29
" AN 100 3200 2 3998 1.27
0.50% SA 200 1600 2.5 4997.5 3.14
" ECOLI 100 1600 2.5 4997.5 3.15
" PSA 1200 1600 2.5 4997.5 3.13
" PC 1800 1250 2.5 4997.5 4.00
" CAN 100 15000 2.5 4997.5 0.36
- AN 100 3200 2.5 4997.5 1.59
______________________________________
TABLE 2
______________________________________
1000:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.1 99.9 0.06
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.1 99.9 0.06
" PSA 1200 1600 0.1 99.9 0.06
" PC 1800 1250 0.1 99.9 0.08
" CAN 100 15000 0.1 99.9 0.01
" AN 100 3200 0.1 99.9 0.03
0.025% SA 200 1600 0.25 249.8 0.16
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.25 249.8 0.16
" PSA 1200 1600 0.25 249.8 0.16
" PC 1800 1250 0.25 249.8 0.20
" CAN 100 15000 0.25 249.8 0.02
" AN 100 3200 0.25 249.8 0.08
0.05% SA 200 1600 0.5 499.5 0.31
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.5 499.5 0.32
" PSA 1200 1600 0.5 499.5 0.31
" PC 1800 1250 0.5 499.5 0.40
" CAN 100 15000 0.5 499.5 0.04
" AN 100 3200 0.5 499.5 0.16
0.10% SA 200 1600 1 999 0.63
" ECOLI 100 1600 1 999 0.63
" PSA 1200 1600 1 999 0.63
" PC 1800 1250 1 999 0.80
" CAN 100 15000 1 999 0.08
" AN 100 3200 1 999 0.32
0.20% SA 200 1600 2 1998 1.26
" ECOLI 100 1600 2 1998 1.27
" PSA 1200 1600 2 1998 1.25
" PC isoo 1250 2 1998 1.60
" CAN 100 15000 2 1998 0.15
" AN 100 3200 2 1998 0.64
0.40% SA 200 1600 4 3996 2.52
" ECOLI 100 1600 4 3996 2.54
" PSA 1200 1600 4 3996 2.50
" PC 1800 1250 4 3996 3.20
" CAN 100 15000 4 3996 0.31
" AN 100 3200 4 3996 1.29
0.50% SA 200 1600 5 4995 3.15
" ECOLI 100 1600 5 4995 3.17
" PSA 1200 1600 5 4995 3.13
" PC 1800 1250 5 4995 4.00
" CAN 100 15000 5 4995 0.38
" AN 100 3200 5 4995 1.61
______________________________________
TABLE 3
______________________________________
500:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.2 99.8 0.06
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.2 99.8 0.06
" PSA 1200 1600 0.2 99.8 0.06
" PC 1800 1250 0.2 99.8 0.08
" CAN 100 15000 0.2 99.8 0.01
" AN 100 3200 0.2 99.8 0.03
0.025% SA 200 1600 0.5 249.5 0.16
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.5 249.5 0.16
" PSA 1200 1600 0.5 249.5 0.16
" PC 1800 1250 0.5 249.5 0.20
" CAN 100 15000 0.5 249.5 0.02
" AN 100 3200 0.5 249.5 0.08
0.05% SA 200 1600 1 499 0.32
" ECOLI 100 1600 1 499 0.32
" PSA 1200 1600 1 499 0.31
" PC 1800 1250 1 499 0.40
" CAN 100 15000 1 499 0.04
" AN 100 3200 1 499 0.17
0.10% SA 200 1600 2 998 0.63
" ECOLI 100 1600 2 998 0.64
" PSA 1200 1600 2 998 0.63
" PC 1800 1250 2 998 0.80
" CAN 100 15000 2 998 0.09
" AN 100 3200 2 998 0.33
0.20% SA 200 1600 4 1996 1.27
" ECOLI 100 1600 4 1996 1.29
" PSA 1200 1600 4 1996 1.25
" PC 1800 1250 4 1996 1.60
" CAN 100 15000 4 1996 0.17
" AN 100 3200 4 1996 0.66
0.40% SA 200 1600 8 3992 2.54
" ECOLI 100 1600 8 3992 2.58
" PSA 1200 1600 8 3992 2.50
" PC 1800 1250 8 3992 3.20
" CAN 100 15000 8 3992 0.35
" AN 100 3200 8 3992 1.33
0.50% SA 200 1600 10 4990 3.17
" ECOLI 100 1600 10 4990 3.22
" PSA 1200 1600 10 4990 3.13
" PC 1800 1250 10 4990 4.00
" CAN 100 15000 10 4990 0.43
" AN 100 3200 10 4990 1.66
______________________________________
TABLE 4
______________________________________
200:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.5 99.5 0.06
" ECOLI 100 1600 0.5 99.5 0.07
" PSA 1200 1600 0.5 99.5 0.06
" PC 1800 1250 0.5 99.5 0.08
" CAN 100 15000 0.5 99.5 0.01
" AN 100 3200 0.5 99.5 0.04
0.025% SA 200 1600 1.25 248.75 0.16
" ECOLI 100 1600 1.25 248.75 0.17
" PSA 1200 1600 1.25 248.75 0.16
" PC 1800 1250 1.25 248.75 0.20
" CAN 100 15000 1.25 248.75 0.03
" AN 100 3200 1.25 248.75 0.09
0.05% SA 200 1600 2.5 497.5 0.32
" ECOLI 100 1600 2.5 497.5 0.34
" PSA 1200 1600 2.5 497.5 0.31
" PC 1800 1250 2.5 497.5 0.40
" CAN 100 15000 2.5 497.5 0.06
" AN 100 3200 2.5 497.5 0.18
0.10% SA 200 1600 5 995 0.65
" ECOLI 100 1600 5 995 0.67
" PSA 1200 1600 5 995 0.63
" PC 1800 1250 5 995 0.80
" CAN 100 15000 5 995 0.12
" AN 100 3200 5 995 0.36
0.20% SA 200 1600 10 1990 1.29
" ECOLI 100 1600 10 1990 1.34
" PSA 1200 1600 10 1990 1.25
" PC 1800 1250 10 1990 1.60
" CAN 100 15000 10 1990 0.23
" AN 100 3200 10 1990 0.72
0.40% SA 200 1600 20 3980 2.59
" ECOLI 100 1600 20 3980 2.69
" PSA 1200 1600 20 3980 2.50
" PC 1800 1250 20 3980 3.20
" CAN 100 15000 20 3980 0.47
" AN 100 3200 20 3980 1.44
0.50% SA 200 1600 25 4975 3.23
" ECOLI 100 1600 25 4975 3.36
" PSA 1200 1600 25 4975 3.13
" PC 1800 1250 25 4975 3.99
" CAN 100 15000 25 4975 0.58
" AN 100 3200 25 4975 1.80
______________________________________
TABLE 5
______________________________________
100:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 1 99 0.06
" ECOLI 100 1600 1 99 0.07
" PSA 1200 1600 1 99 0.06
" PC 1800 1250 1 99 0.08
" CAN 100 15000 1 99 0.02
" AN 100 3200 1 99 0.04
0.025% SA 200 1600 2.5 248 0.17
" ECOLI 100 1600 2.5 248 0.18
" PSA 1200 1600 2.5 248 0.16
" PC 1800 1250 2.5 248 0.20
" CAN 100 15000 2.5 248 0.04
" AN 100 3200 2.5 248 0.10
0.05% SA 200 1600 5 495 0.33
" ECOLI 100 1600 5 495 0.36
" PSA 1200 1600 5 495 0.31
" PC 1800 1250 5 495 0.40
" CAN 100 15000 5 495 0.08
" AN 100 3200 5 495 0.20
0.10% SA 200 1600 10 990 0.67
" ECOLI 100 1600 10 990 0.72
" PSA 1200 1600 10 990 0.63
" PC 1800 1250 10 990 0.80
" CAN 100 15000 10 990 0.17
" AN 100 3200 10 990 0.41
0.20% SA 200 1600 20 1980 1.34
" ECOLI 100 1600 20 1980 1.44
" PSA 1200 1600 20 1980 1.25
" PC 1800 1250 20 1980 1.60
" CAN 100 15000 20 1980 0.33
" AN 100 3200 20 1980 0.82
0.40% SA 200 1600 40 3960 2.68
" ECOLI 100 1600 40 3960 2.88
" PSA 1200 1600 40 3960 2.51
" PC 1800 1250 40 3960 3.19
" CAN 100 15000 40 3960 0.66
" AN 100 3200 40 3960 1.64
0.50% SA 200 1600 50 4950 3.34
" ECOLI 100 1600 50 4950 3.59
" PSA 1200 1600 50 4950 3.14
" PC 1800 1250 50 4950 3.99
" CAN 100 15000 50 4950 0.83
" AN 100 3200 50 4950 2.05
______________________________________
TABLE 6
______________________________________
50:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 2 98 0.07
0.01% ECOLI 100 1600 2 98 0.08
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 2 98 0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1250 2 98 0.08
0.01% CAN 100 15000 2 98 0.03
0.01% AN 100 3200 2 98 0.05
0.025% SA 200 1600 5 245 0.18
0.025% ECOLI 100 1600 5 245 0.20
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 5 245 0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1250 5 245 0.20
0.025% CAN 100 15000 5 245 0.07
0.025% AN 100 3200 5 245 0.13
0.05% SA 200 1600 10 490 0.36
0.05% ECOLI 100 1600 10 490 0.41
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 10 490 0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1250 10 490 0.40
0.05% CAN 100 15000 10 490 0.13
0.05% AN 100 3200 10 490 0.25
0.10% SA 200 1600 20 980 0.71
0.10% ECOLI 100 1600 20 980 0.81
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 20 980 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1250 20 980 0.80
0.10% CAN 100 15000 20 980 0.27
0.10% AN 100 3200 20 980 0.51
0.20% SA 200 1600 40 1960 1.43
0.20% ECOLI 100 1600 40 1960 1.63
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 40 1960 1.26
0.20% PC 1800 1250 40 1960 1.59
0.20% CAN 100 15000 40 1960 0.53
0.20% AN 100 3200 40 1960 1.01
0.40% SA 200 1600 80 3920 2.85
0.40% ECOLI 100 1600 80 3920 3.25
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 80 3920 2.52
0.40% PC 1800 1250 80 3920 3.18
0.40% CAN 100 15000 80 3920 1.06
0.40% AN 100 3200 80 3920 2.03
0.50% SA 200 1600 100 4900 3.56
0.50% ECOLI 100 1600 100 4900 4.06
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 100 4900 3.15
0.50% PC 1800 1250 100 4990 3.98
0.50% CAN 100 15000 100 4900 1.33
0.50% AN 100 3200 100 4900 2.53
______________________________________
TABLE 7
______________________________________
20:1 Wt. Ratio GERMALL ® II/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 5 95 0.08
0.01% ECOLI 100 1600 5 95 0.11
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 5 95 0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1250 5 95 0.08
0.01% CAN 100 15000 5 95 0.06
0.01% AN 100 3200 5 95 0.08
0.025% SA 200 1600 12.5
237.5
0.21
0.025% ECOLI 100 1600 12.5
237.5
0.27
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 12.5
237.5
0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1250 12.5
237.5
0.20
0.025% CAN 100 15000 12.5
237.5
0.14
0.025% AN 100 3200 12.5
237.5
0.20
0.05% SA 200 1600 25 475 0.42
0.05% ECOLI 100 1600 25 475 0.55
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 25 475 0.32
0.05% PC 1800 1250 25 475 0.39
0.05% CAN 100 15000 25 475 0.28
0.05% AN 100 3200 25 475 0.40
0.10% SA 200 1600 50 950 0.84
0.10% ECOLI 100 1600 50 950 1.09
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 50 950 0.64
0.10% PC 1800 1250 50 950 0.79
0.10% CAN 100 15000 50 950 0.56
0.10% AN 100 3200 50 950 0.80
0.20% SA 200 1600 100 1900 1.69
0.20% ECOLI 100 1600 100 1900 2.19
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 100 1900 1.27
0.20% PC 1800 1250 100 1900 1.58
0.20% CAN 100 15000 100 1900 1.13
0.20% AN 100 3200 100 1900 1.59
0.40% SA 200 1600 200 4800 4.00
0.40% ECOLI 100 1600 200 4800 5.00
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 200 4800 3.17
0.40% PC 1800 1250 200 4800 3.95
0.40% CAN 100 15000 200 4800 2.32
0.40% AN 100 3200 200 4800 3.50
0.50% SA 200 1600 250 4750 4.22
0.50% ECOLI 100 1600 250 4750 5.47
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 250 4750 3.18
0.50% PC 1800 1250 250 4750 3.94
0.50% CAN 100 15000 250 4750 2.82
0.50% AN 100 3200 250 4750 3.98
______________________________________
TABLE 8
______________________________________
2000:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.05 99.95
0.06
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 0.05 99.95
0.13
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 0.05 99.95
0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 0.05 99.95
0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 0.05 99.95
0.01
0.01% AN 100 16000 0.05 99.95
0.01
0.025% SA 200 1600 0.125
249.88
0.16
0.025% ECOLI 100 800 0.125
249.88
0.31
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 0.125
249.88
0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1600 0.125
249.88
0.16
0.025% CAN 100 16000 0.125
249.88
0.02
0.025% AN 100 16000 0.125
249.88
0.02
0.05% SA 200 1600 0.25 499.75
0.31
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 0.25 499.75
0.63
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 0.25 499.75
0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1600 0.25 499.75
0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 0.25 499.75
0.03
0.05% AN 100 16000 0.25 499.75
0.03
0.10% SA 200 1600 0.5 999.5 0.63
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 0.5 999.5 1.25
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 0.5 999.5 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1600 0.5 999.5 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 0.5 999.5 0.07
0.10% AN 100 16000 0.5 999.5 0.07
0.20% SA 200 1600 1 1999 1.25
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 1 1999 2.51
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 1 1999 1.25
0.20% PC 1800 1600 1 1999 1.25
0.20% CAN 100 16000 1 1999 0.13
0.20% AN 100 16000 1 1999 0.13
0.40% SA 200 1600 2 3998 2.51
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 2 3998 5.02
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 2 3998 2.50
0.40% PC 1800 1600 2 3998 2.50
0.40% CAN 100 16000 2 3998 0.27
0.40% AN 100 16000 2 3998 0.27
0.50% SA 200 1600 2.5 4997.5
3.14
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 2.5 4997.5
6.27
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 2.5 4997.5
3.13
0.50% PC 1800 1600 2.5 4997.5
3.12
0.50% CAN 100 16000 2.5 4997.5
0.34
0.50% AN 100 16000 2.5 4997.5
0.34
______________________________________
TABLE 9
______________________________________
1000:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.1 99.9
0.06
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 0.1 99.9
0.13
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 0.1 99.9
0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 0.1 99.9
0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 0.1 99.9
0.01
0.01% AN 100 16000 0.1 99.9
0.01
0.025% SA 200 1600 0.25
249.8
0.16
0.025% ECOLI 100 800 0.25
249.8
0.31
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 0.25
249.8
0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1600 0.25
249.8
0.16
0.025% CAN 100 16000 0.25
249.8
0.02
0.025% AN 100 16000 0.25
249.8
0.02
0.05% SA 200 1600 0.5 499.5
0.31
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 0.5 499.5
0.63
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 0.5 499.5
0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1600 0.5 499.5
0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 0.5 499.5
0.04
0.05% AN 100 16000 0.5 499.5
0.04
0.10% SA 200 1600 1 999 0.63
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 1 999 1.26
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 1 999 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1600 1 999 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 1 999 0.07
0.10% AN 100 16000 1 999 0.07
0.20% SA 200 1600 2 1998 1.26
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 2 1998 2.52
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 2 1998 1.25
0.20% PC 1800 1600 2 1998 1.25
0.20% CAN 100 16000 2 1998 0.14
0.20% AN 100 16000 2 1998 0.14
0.40% SA 200 1600 4 3996 2.52
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 4 3996 5.04
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 4 3996 2.50
0.40% PC 1800 1600 4 3996 2.50
0.40% CAN 100 16000 4 3996 0.29
0.40% AN 100 16000 4 3996 0.29
0.50% SA 200 1600 5 4995 3.15
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 5 4995 6.29
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 5 4995 3.13
0.50% PC 1800 1600 5 4995 3.12
0.50% CAN 100 16000 5 4995 0.36
0.50% AN 100 16000 2.5 4997.5
0.36
______________________________________
TABLE 10
______________________________________
500:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.2
99.8
0.06
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 0.2
99.8
0.13
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 0.2
99.8
0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 0.2
99.8
0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 0.2
99.8
0.01
0.01% AN 100 16000 0.2
99.8
0.01
0.25% SA 200 1600 0.5
249.5
0.16
0.25% ECOLI 100 800 0.5
249.5
0.32
0.25% PSA 1200 1600 0.5
249.5
0.16
0.25% PC 1800 1600 0.5
249.5
0.16
0.25% CAN 100 16000 0.5
249.5
0.02
0.25% AN 100 16000 0.5
249.5
0.02
0.05% SA 200 1600 1 499 0.32
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 1 499 0.63
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 1 499 0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1600 1 499 0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 1 499 0.04
0.05% AN 100 16000 1 499 0.04
0.10% SA 200 1600 2 998 0.63
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 2 998 1.27
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 2 998 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1600 2 998 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 2 998 0.08
0.10% AN 100 16000 2 998 0.08
0.20% SA 200 1600 4 1996 1.27
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 4 1996 2.54
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 4 1996 1.25
0.20% PC 1800 1600 4 1996 1.25
0.20% CAN 100 16000 4 1996 0.16
0.20% AN 100 16000 4 1996 0.16
0.40% SA 200 1600 8 3992 2.54
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 8 3992 5.07
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 8 3992 2.50
0.40% PC 1800 1600 8 3992 2.50
0.40% CAN 100 16000 8 3992 0.33
0.40% AN 100 16000 8 3992 0.33
0.50% SA 200 1600 10 4900 3.11
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 10 4900 6.23
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 10 4900 3.07
0.50% PC 1800 1600 10 4900 3.07
0.50% CAN 100 16000 10 4900 0.41
0.50% AN 100 16000 10 4900 0.41
______________________________________
TABLE 11
______________________________________
200:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 0.5 99.5 0.06
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 0.5 99.5 0.13
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 0.5 99.5 0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 0.5 99.5 0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 0.5 99.5 0.01
0.01% AN 100 16000 0.5 99.5 0.01
0.025% SA 200 1600 1.25
248.75
0.16
0.025% ECOLI 100 800 1.25
248.75
0.32
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 1.25
248.75
0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1600 1.25
248.75
0.16
0.025% CAN 100 16000 1.25
248.75
0.03
0.025% AN 100 16000 1.25
248.75
0.03
0.05% SA 200 1600 2.5 497.5 0.32
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 2.5 497.5 0.65
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 2.5 497.5 0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1600 2.5 497.5 0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 2.5 497.5 0.06
0.05% AN 100 16000 2.5 497.5 0.06
0.10% SA 200 1600 5 995 0.65
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 5 995 1.29
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 5 995 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1600 5 995 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 5 995 0.11
0.10% AN 100 16000 5 995 0.11
0.20% SA 200 1600 10 1990 1.29
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 10 1990 2.59
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 10 1990 1.25
0.20% PC 1800 1600 10 1990 1.25
0.20% CAN 100 16000 10 1990 0.22
0.20% AN 100 16000 10 1990 0.22
0.40% SA 200 1600 20 3980 2.59
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 20 3980 5.18
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 20 3980 2.50
0.40% PC 1800 1600 20 3980 2.50
0.40% CAN 100 16000 20 3980 0.45
0.40% AN 100 16000 20 3980 0.45
0.50% SA 200 1600 25 4975 3.23
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 25 4975 6.47
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 25 4975 3.13
0.50% PC 1800 1600 25 4975 3.12
0.50% CAN 100 16000 25 4975 0.56
0.50% AN 100 16000 25 4975 0.56
______________________________________
TABLE 12
______________________________________
100:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 1 99 0.07
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 1 99 0.13
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 1 99 0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 1 99 0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 1 99 0.02
0.01% AN 100 16000 1 99 0.02
0.025% SA 200 1600 2.5 248 0.17
0.025% ECOLI 100 800 2.5 248 0.33
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 2.5 248 0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1600 2.5 248 0.16
0.025% CAN 100 16000 2.5 248 0.04
0.025% AN 100 16000 2.5 248 0.04
0.05% SA 200 1600 5 495 0.33
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 5 495 0.67
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 5 495 0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1600 5 495 0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 5 495 0.08
0.05% AN 100 16000 5 495 0.08
0.10% SA 200 1600 10 990 0.67
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 10 990 1.34
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 10 990 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1600 10 990 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 10 990 0.16
0.10% AN 100 16000 10 990 0.16
0.20% SA 200 1600 20 1980 1.34
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 20 1980 2.68
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 20 1980 1.25
0.20% PC 1800 1600 20 1980 1.25
0.20% CAN 100 16000 20 1980 0.32
0.20% AN 100 16000 20 1980 0.32
0.40% SA 200 1600 40 3960 2.68
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 40 3960 5.35
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 40 3960 2.51
0.40% PC 1800 1600 40 3960 2.50
0.40% CAN 100 16000 40 3960 0.65
0.40% AN 100 16000 40 3960 0.65
0.50% SA 200 1600 50 4950 3.34
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 50 4950 6.69
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 50 4950 3.14
0.50% PC 1800 1600 50 4950 3.12
0.50% CAN 100 16000 50 4950 0.81
0.50% AN 100 16000 50 4950 0.81
______________________________________
TABLE 13
______________________________________
50:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 2 98 0.07
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 2 98 0.14
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 2 98 0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 2 98 0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 2 98 0.03
0.01% AN 100 16000 2 98 0.03
0.025% SA 200 1600 5 245 0.18
0.025% ECOLI 100 800 5 245 0.36
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 5 245 0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1600 5 245 0.16
0.025% CAN 100 16000 5 245 0.07
0.025% AN 100 16000 5 245 0.07
0.05% SA 200 1600 10 490 0.36
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 10 490 0.71
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 10 490 0.31
0.05% PC 1800 1600 10 490 0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 10 490 0.13
0.05% AN 100 16000 10 490 0.13
0.10% SA 200 1600 20 980 0.71
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 20 980 1.43
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 20 980 0.63
0.10% PC 1800 1600 20 980 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 20 980 0.26
0.10% AN 100 16000 20 980 0.26
0.20% SA 200 1600 40 1960 1.43
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 40 1960 2.85
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 40 1960 1.26
0.20% PC 1800 1600 40 1960 1.25
0.20% CAN 100 16000 40 1960 0.52
0.20% AN 100 16000 40 1960 0.52
0.40% SA 200 1600 80 3920 2.85
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 80 3920 5.70
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 80 3920 2.52
0.40% PC 1800 1600 80 3920 2.49
0.40% CAN 100 16000 80 3920 1.05
0.40% AN 100 16000 80 3920 1.05
0.50% SA 200 1600 100 4900 3.56
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 100 4900 7.13
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 100 4900 3.15
0.50% PC 1800 1600 100 4900 3.12
0.50% CAN 100 16000 100 4900 1.31
0.50% AN 100 16000 100 4900 1.31
______________________________________
TABLE 14
______________________________________
20:1 Wt. Ratio DMDMH/IPBC
Use Level
Organism Q.sub.a Q.sub.b
Q.sub.A
Q.sub.B
SI
______________________________________
0.01% SA 200 1600 5 95 0.08
0.01% ECOLI 100 800 5 95 0.17
0.01% PSA 1200 1600 5 95 0.06
0.01% PC 1800 1600 5 95 0.06
0.01% CAN 100 16000 5 95 0.06
0.01% AN 100 16000 5 95 0.06
0.025% SA 200 1600 12.5
237.5
0.21
0.025% ECOLI 100 800 12.5
237.5
0.42
0.025% PSA 1200 1600 12.5
237.5
0.16
0.025% PC 1800 1600 12.5
237.5
0.16
0.025% CAN 100 16000 12.5
237.5
0.14
0.025% AN 100 16000 12.5
237.5
0.14
0.05% SA 200 1600 25 475 0.42
0.05% ECOLI 100 800 25 475 0.84
0.05% PSA 1200 1600 25 475 0.32
0.05% PC 1800 1600 25 475 0.31
0.05% CAN 100 16000 25 475 0.28
0.05% AN 100 16000 25 475 0.28
0.10% SA 200 1600 50 950 0.84
0.10% ECOLI 100 800 50 950 1.69
0.10% PSA 1200 1600 50 950 0.64
0.10% PC 1800 1600 50 950 0.62
0.10% CAN 100 16000 50 950 0.56
0.10% AN 100 16000 50 950 0.56
0.20% SA 200 1600 100 1900 1.69
0.20% ECOLI 100 800 100 1900 3.38
0.20% PSA 1200 1600 100 1900 1.27
0.20% PC 1800 1600 100 1900 1.24
0.20% CAN 100 16000 100 1900 1.12
0.20% AN 100 16000 100 1900 1.12
0.40% SA 200 1600 200 4800 4.00
0.40% ECOLI 100 800 200 4800 8.00
0.40% PSA 1200 1600 200 4800 3.17
0.40% PC 1800 1600 200 4800 3.11
0.40% CAN 100 16000 200 4800 2.30
0.40% AN 100 16000 200 4800 2.30
0.50% SA 200 1600 250 4750 4.22
0.50% ECOLI 100 800 250 4750 8.44
0.50% PSA 1200 1600 250 4750 3.18
0.50% PC 1800 1600 250 4750 3.11
0.50% CAN 100 16000 250 4750 2.80
0.50% AN 100 16000 250 4750 2.80
______________________________________
Similar SI results also were found with GADM and SUTTOCIDE® A as the methylol compound in place of Germall® II or DMDMH in admixtures with IPBC over the same wt. ratios and use level ranges as shown in the Tables 1-14 above.
Tables 1 through 14 above illustrate the synergism of IPBC (compound B) with Germall® II or DMDMH (compound A) at weight ratios of A:B of 2000:1, 1000:1, 500:1, 200:1, 100:1, 50:1 and 20:1. Synergism is very effective for all ratios at low use levels, e.g. 0.01% to 0.1%, against all tested gram-positive, gram-negative organisms and fungi organisms. At slightly higher use concentrations, e.g. 0.20 to 0.50%, all tested ratios were synergistic against Candida albicans and A. niger also. However, at 50:1 and 20:1 ratios, the synergistic effect is negligible at the 0.01 to 0.1% use levels, and non-synergistic even against Candida albicans and A. niger at use levels of 0.20 to 0.50%.
The SI values were lower for Germall® II as the methylol compound in the admixtures as compared to DMDMH.
Similar results were obtained when iodopropynyl alcohol (IPGA) was substituted for IPBC in the admixtures described above.
3. PRESERVATIVE ACTIVITY (CHALLENGE TEST)
A typical cosmetic emulsion was prepared for microbiological Challenge testing and predetermined admixtures of a methylol compound and IPBC were added at various use levels. The emulsion thus prepared had the following composition:
______________________________________
% wt.
______________________________________
Phase A
Stearic Acid 5.00
Mineral Oil 2.50
Cetyl Alcohol 1.00
Lareth-5 and Ceteth-5 and
0.50
Oleth-5 and Steareth-5
Glycerol Monostearate and
1.50
Polyoxyethylene Stearate
Phase B
Deionized Water 88.0
Triethanolamine 99% 1.00
Citric Acid 30% aqueous solution
0.60
Preservative Admixture
qs
______________________________________
To prepare the emulsion, Phases A and B were heated separately to 75°-80° C. Phase A then was added to Phase B with mixing. The mixture then was cooled to 55°-60° C. At this point the desired amount of the preservative admixture was added and the product was cooled to 50° C. while stirring. The citric acid solution then was added to adjust the pH and the mixture was stirred until a temperature of 30° C. was reached.
The challenge tests were carried out using the following microorganisms: SA, ECOLI, PSA, PC, AN and CAN, in this manner. 50 g. aliquots of the test emulsion containing various amounts of the preservative admixture were inoculated with approximately 107 -108 of the challenge organisms. The test samples then were stirred to disperse the challenge inoculum. The samples were incubated and assayed at 48 hours, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The assays were performed on 1 g. of the test sample by serially diluting 101 to 106 of the original concentration. The plating medium for bacteria was Letheen agar and for fungi it was low pH Mycophil agar with Tween 20. Each plated sample was incubated for 48 hours at 37° C. for bacteria, 5 days at 25° C. for mold, and 3 days at 25° C. for fungi. After incubation, readings of the number of colonies per milliliter (cfu/ml) were made. At 21 days the test product was reinoculated with half of the original inoculum. The data is presented in Tables 15-23 below.
TABLE 15
__________________________________________________________________________
2000:1 GERMALL ® II/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.01% AN 69,000
260,000
190,000
17,000
4,500
0.01% CAN 98,000
76,000
1,400
3,100 19,000
0.01% ECOLI 110,000
290,000
2,400
138,000
560,000
0.01% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.01% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.01% SA 190,000
220 <10 <10 3,700
0.025%
AN 2,800
10 10 <10 220
0.025%
CAN 58,000
29,000
18,000
56,000
110,000
0.025%
ECOLI 39,000
10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
SA 37,000
170 <10 <10 <10
0.05% AN 20 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 19,000
6,600
70 <10 320
0.05% ECOLI 3,400
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 31,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN 180 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% ECOLI <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 750 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 52,000
27,000
19,000
19,000
19,000
CAN 110,000
130,000
240,000
180,000
240,000
ECOLI 54,000
140,000
170,000
170,000
74,000
PC 6,400,000
6,400,000
2,000,000
6,700,000
29,000
PSA 110,000
700 110,000
290,000
85,000
SA 2,800,000
250,000
51,000
3,700 330
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 26,000
53,000
CAN 1,000,000
1,900,000
ECOLI 3,600,000
170,000
PC 3,400,000
87,000
PSA 4,500,000
390,000
SA 4,100,000
200,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 16
__________________________________________________________________________
1000:1 GERMALL ® II/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.01% AN 34,000
3,500
80 10 <10
0.01% CAN 420,000
24,000
950 6,400
6,400,000
0.01% ECOLI
120,000
63,000
93,000
92,000
9,600,000
0.01% PC 10 25,000
1,600 15,800
33,000,000
0.01% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.01% SA 100,000
1,400
<10 <10 5,000
0.025%
AN 530 10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
CAN 34,000
750 10 770 240,000
0.025%
ECOLI
120,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
SA 37,000
170 <10 <10 <10
0.05% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 13,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% ECOLI
68,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 < 10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 21,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN 10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 1,400 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 52,000
27,000
19,000
19,000
19,000
CAN 110,000
130,000
240,000
180,000
240,000
ECOLI 54,000
140,000
170,000
170,000
74,000
PC 6,400,000
6,400,000
2,000,000
6,700,000
29,000
PSA 110,000
700 110,000
290,000
85,000
SA 2,800,000
250,000
51,000
3,700
330
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 26,000
53,000
CAN 1,000,000
1,900,000
ECOLI 3,600,000
170,000
PC 3,400,000
87,000
PSA 4,500,000
390,000
SA 4,100,000
200,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 17
__________________________________________________________________________
500:1 GERMALL ® II/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.01% AN 23,000
40 <10 <10 <10
0.01% CAN 170,000
5,600 290 200 <10
0.01% ECOLI
90,000
57,000
95,000
70,000
240,000
0.01% PC 10 <10 <10 >10,000
42,000,000
0.01% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.01% SA 380,000
440 <10 <10 5,100
0.05% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 8,700 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% ECOLI
60,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 31,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 890 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 6,100 520,000
18,000
5,000
11,000
CAN 1,000,000
710,000
95,000
12,000
64,000
ECOLI 7,100,000
6,200,000
610,000
350,000
120,000
PC 14,600,000
160,000,000
3,600,000
2,720,000
9,500,000
PSA 20 900 130 4,100
>100,000
SA 43,000,000
600,000
1,000
220 <10
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 19,000
4,700,000
CAN 340,000
16,000,000
ECOLI 3,900,000
1,480,000
PC 3,800,000
1,380,000
PSA 9,200,000
730,000
SA 4,800,000
360,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 18
__________________________________________________________________________
200:1 GERMALL ® II/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.01% AN 47,000
320 10 <10 <10
0.01% CAN 810,000
450,000
410,000
190,000
63,000
0.01% ECOLI
220,000
7,600
<10 850 >1,000,000
0.01% PC 10,000
500,000
1,900,000
1,100,000
193,000
0.01% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.01% SA 190,000
23,000
120 <10 <10
0.05% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 190 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% ECOLI
37,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 19,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN 10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 < 10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 45,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 89,000
32,000
22,000
16,000
16,000
CAN 210,000
670,000
430,000
590,000
640,000
ECOLI 640,000
360,000
410,000
990,000
68,000
PC 19,000,000
3,200,000
7,000,000
>10,000
2,760,000
PSA 80 9,400
200,000
>10,000
34,000
SA 6,300,000
190,000
11,000
580 120
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 41,000
32,000
CAN 640 1,100,000
ECOLI 5,800,000
1,300,000
PC 900,000
3,000,000
PSA 1,800,000
4,900,000
SA 7,200,000
2,000,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 19
__________________________________________________________________________
50:1 GERMALL ® II/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.01% AN 4,100 40 <10 <10 <10
0.01% CAN 310,000
7,700
560 5,600
5,200
0.01% ECOLI
170,000
710 10 <10 120
0.01% PC 7,400 74,000
340,000
720,000
520,000
0.01% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 30
0.01% SA 110,000
11,000
<10 <10 9,200
0.05% AN <10 100 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 210 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% ECOLI
150,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 35,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% ECOLI
510 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 3,000 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 89,000
32,000
22,000
16,000
16,000
CAN 210,000
670,000
430,000
590,000
640,000
ECOLI 640,000
360,000
410,000
990,000
68,000
PC 19,000,000
3,200,000
7,000,000
>10,000
2,760,000
PSA 80 9,400
200,000
>10,000
34,000
SA 6,300,000
190,000
11,000
580 120
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 41,000
32,000
CAN 640 1,100,000
ECOLI 5,800,000
1,300,000
PC 900,000
3,000,000
PSA 1,800,000
4,900,000
SA 7,200,000
2,000,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 20
__________________________________________________________________________
20:1 GERMALL ® II/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.01% AN 3,100 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.01% CAN 75,000
220 <10 <10 2,400
0.01% ECOLI
160,000
110 <10 <10 20
0.01% PC 12,000
1,000,000
2,100,000
>1,000,000
730,000
0.01% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 4,000
0.01% SA 140,000
4,100
<10 <10 1,680
0.05% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% ECOLI
16,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 31,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC < 10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 6,800 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 89,000
32,000
22,000
16,000
16,000
CAN 210,000
670,000
430,000
590,000
640,000
ECOLI 640,000
360,000
410,000
990,000
68,000
PC 19,000,000
3,200,000
7,000,000
>10,000
2,760,000
PSA 80 9,400
200,000
>10,000
34,000
SA 6,300,000
190,000
11,000
580 120
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 41,000
32,000
CAN 640 1,100,000
ECOLI 5,800,000
1,300,000
PC 900,000
3,000,000
PSA 1,800,000
4,900,000
SA 7,200,000
2,000,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 21
__________________________________________________________________________
2000:1 DMDMH/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.025%
AN 4,100 38,000
270 80 100
0.025%
CAN 270,000
1,900,000
550,000
220,000
210,000
0.025%
ECOLI
1,300,000
<10 <10 <10 3,000
0.025%
PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
SA 42,000
20 <10 <10 <10
0.05% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 770,000
130,000
670,000
160,000
64,000
0.05% ECOLI
220,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 9,000 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN 580 840 500 40,000
83,000
0.1% ECOLI
340 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 < 10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 29,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 10 10 <10 21
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 37,000
36,000
24,000
5,200
6,000
CAN 120,000
1,900,000
3,300,000
480,000
790,000
ECOLI 150,000
2,500,000
7,300,000
240,000
140,000
PC 19,000,000
15,600,000
5,900,000
8,500,000
31,000,000
PSA <10 <10 100 15,200
300,000
SA 7,000,000
>1,000,000
12,000
3,000
110
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 50,000
41,000
CAN 1,400,000
640
ECOLI 4,800,000
5,800,000
PC 9,200,000
900,000
PSA 6,900,000
9,000,000
SA 5,700,000
7,200,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 22
__________________________________________________________________________
1000:1 DMDMH/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.025%
AN 650 900 <10 <10 140
0.025%
CAN 97,000
900,000
2,300,000
120,000
120,000
0.025%
ECOLI
160,000
<10 <10 <10 2,400
0.025%
PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
SA 23,000
<10 <10 <10 90
0.05% AN 20 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 65,000
520,000
56,000
32,000
370,000
0.05% ECOLI
26,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 12,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN 3,100 4,800 180 640 4,400
0.1% ECOLI
45,000
<10 <10 < 10 <10
0.1% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA 6,000 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA 180 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 37,000
36,000
24,000
5,200
6,000
CAN 120,000
1,900,000
3,300,000
480,000
790,000
ECOLI 150,000
2,500,000
7,300,000
240,000
140,000
PC 19,000,000
15,600,000
5,900,000
8,500,000
31,000,000
PSA <10 <10 100 15,200
300,000
SA 7,000,000
>1,000,000
12,000
3,000
110
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 50,000
41,000
CAN 1,400,000
640
ECOLI 4,800,000
5,800,000
PC 9,200,000
900,000
PSA 6,900,000
9,000,000
SA 5,700,000
7,200,000
__________________________________________________________________________
TABLE 23
__________________________________________________________________________
2000:1 GADM/IPBC
__________________________________________________________________________
Test Level
Organism
48 Hours
7 Days
14 Days
21 Days
28 Days
__________________________________________________________________________
0.025%
AN 300 21 10 <10 11
0.025%
CAN 480,000
890,000
940,000
1,040,000
130,000
0.025%
ECOLI
230,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.025%
SA 78,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% CAN 110,000
4,100,000
3,600,000
330,000
97,000
0.05% ECOLI
120,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.05% SA 56,000
<10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% CAN 1,200,000
53,000
430,000
144,000
110,000
0.1% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PC <10 < 10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.1% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% AN <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% CAN 90,000
<10 <10 <10 60
0.2% ECOLI
<10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PC <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% PSA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
0.2% SA <10 <10 <10 <10 <10
Unpreserved control
AN 50,000
33,000
33,000
13,000
5,400
CAN 780,000
780,000
780,000
500,000
170,000
ECOLI 600,000
3,100,000
920,000
920,000
140,000
PC 11,000,000
30,000,000
10,000,000
10,000,000
1,400,000
PSA 3,800 600 12,800
12,800
100,000
SA 14,000,000
410,000
7,100 7,100 80
Inoculum Concentration
0 Hours
21 Days
AN 53,000
10,000
CAN 1,900,000
310,000
ECOLI 170,000
3,500,000
PC 87,000
2,500,000
PSA 390,000
5,400,000
SA 200,000
4,100,000
__________________________________________________________________________
Discussion of Challenge Testing Results
The 28-day challenge results reported in Tables 15-23 above demonstrate the effectiveness of the preservative admixture of the invention in a use emulsion composition against a wide range of bacteria and fungi organisms.
For example, admixture compositions of Germall® II and IPBC at a wt. ratio of 2000:1 (Table 15), when present at use levels of 0.05 to 0.2%, corresponding to 0.75 to 10 ppm IPBC and 500 to 2000 ppm methylol levels, provide substantially complete protection against all tested organisms after 28 days. At the low use level of 0.05% active, all the challenge tests passed within 21 days. Then, upon reinoculation after 21 days, all organisms died within 7 days except CAN which cleared within 14 days.
Table 21 shows the challenge test results for DMDMH and IPBC admixtures at the same 2000:1 wt. ratio. A use level of 0.2%, however is needed for this blend to pass against all organisms after 21 days. Upon reinoculation, all organisms died within 7 days with the exception of CAN which cleared within 14 days. It is thus evident from these results that Germall® II blended with IPBC is 4 times more effective than a DMDMH/IPBC blend
Germall® II also is superior to GADM as the methylol compound, as shown in Table 23.
While the invention has been described with particular reference to certain embodiments thereof, it will be understood that changes and modifications may be made which are within the skill of the art. Accordingly, it is intended to be bound only by the following claims, in which:
Claims (7)
1. A water soluble preservative antimicrobial composition for addition to commercial use products at predetermined use levels to provide synergistic biocidal activity against a wide range of fungi and gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, comprising an admixture of
(a) N-[1,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl]-N,N'-bis(hydroxymethyl) urea, and (b) 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate in a weight ratio of (a):(b) of 100:1 to 2000:1.
2. A water soluble preservative admixture according to claim 1 wherein said weight ratio is 200:1 to 500:1.
3. A commercial use product which is protected for an extended period of time against contamination by a wide range of fungi and gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria which includes 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the water soluble preservative concentrate of claim 1.
4. A commercial use product according to claim 3 which includes about 0.1% by weight of the water soluble preservative concentrate of claim 2.
5. A commercial use product according to claim 3 in which said concentrate is water solubilized and uniformly distributed throughout said composition.
6. A commercial use product according to claim 3 in which (b) is present therein in an amount of 0.5 to 10 ppm, and (a) is present in an amount of at least 250 ppm.
7. A commercial use product according to claim 3 which is a personal care, household or industrial composition.
Priority Applications (14)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/234,089 US5428050A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| US08/392,635 US5496842A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-02-22 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| US08/413,742 US5552425A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-03-30 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| PCT/US1995/004895 WO1995029588A1 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| KR1019960705002A KR100377974B1 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergistic Water Soluble Preservative Composition of Sterilization Mixture |
| EP95917099A EP0757518B1 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| ES95917099T ES2158106T3 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | CONSERVATIVE SYNERGIC HYDRO-SOLVABLE COMPOSITIONS OF BIOCIDES BLENDS. |
| CA002183652A CA2183652C (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| NZ284708A NZ284708A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergistic biocidal preservative compositions comprising metholyl compounds and 3-iodo-2-propynylbutyl carbamate |
| DE69521128T DE69521128T2 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | SYNERGISTIC, WATER-SOLUBLE PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITIONS OF BIOCIDAL MIXTURES |
| AU23923/95A AU691613B2 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| HU9602963A HU228148B1 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Synergetic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| PL95316963A PL181504B1 (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-04-21 | Water-soluble synergistic protective compositions of lethal compounds |
| US08/652,190 US5631273A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1996-05-23 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/234,089 US5428050A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/392,635 Division US5496842A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-02-22 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| US08/413,742 Continuation-In-Part US5552425A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-03-30 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US5428050A true US5428050A (en) | 1995-06-27 |
Family
ID=22879872
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/234,089 Expired - Lifetime US5428050A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1994-04-28 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
| US08/392,635 Expired - Lifetime US5496842A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-02-22 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/392,635 Expired - Lifetime US5496842A (en) | 1994-04-28 | 1995-02-22 | Synergistic water soluble preservative compositions of biocidal mixtures |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (2) | US5428050A (en) |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5593681A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1997-01-14 | Isp Chemicals Inc. | Glycine anhydride dimethylol as a biocide and preservative |
| US5827522A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-10-27 | Troy Corporation | Microemulsion and method |
| WO1998052416A1 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-26 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Preservative compositions based on iodopropynl- and formaldehyde donor compounds |
| US5965594A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-12 | Mcintyre Group, Ltd. | Antimicrobial liquid preservative solutions and process for preparation |
| US6143204A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2000-11-07 | Lonza Inc. | Stabilization of iodopropynl compounds |
| US6432433B1 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2002-08-13 | Isp Investments Inc. | Liquid biocidal composition of a formaldehyde adduct and an isothiazolone and method of use |
| US20030039580A1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2003-02-27 | Lonza Inc. | Stable preservative formulations comprising halopropynyl compounds and butoxydiglycol solvent |
| EP1402778A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-03-31 | Air Liquide Santé (International) | Low-emission formaldehyde donor preparations and use thereof |
| US20050054642A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-10 | Ralf Gradtke | Microbicidal composition based on formaldehyde donor compounds and antioxidants |
| EP1579763A2 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-28 | Air Liquide Santé (International) | Low-emission formaldehyde depot composition |
| US20050214376A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-09-29 | Marie-Pierre Faure | Hydrogel-containing medical articles and methods of using and making the same |
| US20050228032A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-13 | Isp Investments Inc. | Antimicrobial compositions |
| US20060058210A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Wet wipe lotions comprising particulate material |
| US20060195357A1 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Klofta Thomas J | Providing and communicating synergies between absorbent articles and disposable wipes |
| US20070036832A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2007-02-15 | Williams Gareth R | Stabilized halopropynyl compositions as preservatives |
| EP2687096A1 (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-01-22 | Straetmans high TAC GmbH | Micro-biocidal composition and use of same in the conservation of technical products |
| JP2014528954A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-10-30 | エシコン・インコーポレイテッドＥｔｈｉｃｏｎ， Ｉｎｃ． | Broad-spectrum antibacterial composition based on a combination of taurolidine and protamine and medical devices containing such a composition |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USH2043H1 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2002-08-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Skin care compositions |
| DE10034138A1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | Beiersdorf Ag | Active ingredient combinations of 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbomate and phenoxyethanol and preparations containing such active ingredient combinations |
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| US4844891A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-07-04 | Lonza, Inc. | Admixtures of iodopropargyl compounds and a formaldehyde donor |
| US5041457A (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1991-08-20 | Rohm And Haas Company | Synergistic microbicidal combinations containing 2-n-octyl-3-isothiazolone and certain commercial biocides |
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| US3923870A (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1975-12-02 | Troy Chemical Corp | Urethanes of 1-halogen substituted alkynes |
| US4844891A (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-07-04 | Lonza, Inc. | Admixtures of iodopropargyl compounds and a formaldehyde donor |
| US5041457A (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1991-08-20 | Rohm And Haas Company | Synergistic microbicidal combinations containing 2-n-octyl-3-isothiazolone and certain commercial biocides |
Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5593681A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1997-01-14 | Isp Chemicals Inc. | Glycine anhydride dimethylol as a biocide and preservative |
| US5827522A (en) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-10-27 | Troy Corporation | Microemulsion and method |
| EP1413200A3 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 2005-02-16 | Air Liquide Santé (International) | Preservative compositions based on iodopropynyl- and formaldehyde donor compounds |
| WO1998052416A1 (en) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-11-26 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Preservative compositions based on iodopropynl- and formaldehyde donor compounds |
| US5965594A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-12 | Mcintyre Group, Ltd. | Antimicrobial liquid preservative solutions and process for preparation |
| US6143204A (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2000-11-07 | Lonza Inc. | Stabilization of iodopropynl compounds |
| US6582627B1 (en) * | 1998-06-19 | 2003-06-24 | Lonza Inc. | Aqueous liquid, broad-spectrum, low free-formaldehyde synergistic preservative mixtures of an iodopropynyl compound and a formaldehyde donor |
| US6432433B1 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2002-08-13 | Isp Investments Inc. | Liquid biocidal composition of a formaldehyde adduct and an isothiazolone and method of use |
| US20030039580A1 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2003-02-27 | Lonza Inc. | Stable preservative formulations comprising halopropynyl compounds and butoxydiglycol solvent |
| EP1402778A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2004-03-31 | Air Liquide Santé (International) | Low-emission formaldehyde donor preparations and use thereof |
| US20040082473A1 (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-04-29 | Wolfgang Beilfuss | Low-emission formaldehyde donor preparations and use thereof |
| US8895043B2 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2014-11-25 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Reducing formaldehyde emissions in formal-containing compositions |
| US8568754B2 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2013-10-29 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Low-emission formaldehyde donor preparations and use thereof |
| US20050054642A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-10 | Ralf Gradtke | Microbicidal composition based on formaldehyde donor compounds and antioxidants |
| US20090099188A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2009-04-16 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Microbicidal composition based on formaldehyde donor compounds and antioxidants |
| US8084480B2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2011-12-27 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Microbicidal composition based on formaldehyde donor compounds and antioxidants |
| US7781467B2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2010-08-24 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Microbicidal composition based on formaldehyde donor compounds and antioxidants |
| US20070036832A1 (en) * | 2003-09-19 | 2007-02-15 | Williams Gareth R | Stabilized halopropynyl compositions as preservatives |
| US20050214376A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-09-29 | Marie-Pierre Faure | Hydrogel-containing medical articles and methods of using and making the same |
| US20050218379A1 (en) * | 2004-03-24 | 2005-10-06 | Wolfgang Beilfuss | Low-emission formaldehyde donor preparations |
| US8329063B2 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2012-12-11 | Air Liquide Sante (International) | Low-emission formaldehyde donor preparations |
| EP1579763A2 (en) | 2004-03-24 | 2005-09-28 | Air Liquide Santé (International) | Low-emission formaldehyde depot composition |
| US7935732B2 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2011-05-03 | Isp Investments Inc. | Antimicrobial compositions |
| US20050228032A1 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-10-13 | Isp Investments Inc. | Antimicrobial compositions |
| US7666827B2 (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2010-02-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Wet wipe lotions comprising particulate material |
| US20100105593A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2010-04-29 | Randall Glenn Marsh | Wet Wipe Lotions Comprising Particulate Material |
| US7977301B2 (en) | 2004-09-15 | 2011-07-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Wet wipe lotions comprising particulate material |
| US20060058210A1 (en) * | 2004-09-15 | 2006-03-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Wet wipe lotions comprising particulate material |
| US20060195357A1 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Klofta Thomas J | Providing and communicating synergies between absorbent articles and disposable wipes |
| JP2014528954A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-10-30 | エシコン・インコーポレイテッドＥｔｈｉｃｏｎ， Ｉｎｃ． | Broad-spectrum antibacterial composition based on a combination of taurolidine and protamine and medical devices containing such a composition |
| EP2687096A1 (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-01-22 | Straetmans high TAC GmbH | Micro-biocidal composition and use of same in the conservation of technical products |
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