US5418166A - Process and device for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars - Google Patents

Process and device for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars Download PDF

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US5418166A
US5418166A US08/043,869 US4386993A US5418166A US 5418166 A US5418166 A US 5418166A US 4386993 A US4386993 A US 4386993A US 5418166 A US5418166 A US 5418166A
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Prior art keywords
effluent
yeasts
biological treatment
effluents
wine
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US08/043,869
Inventor
Frederic Ehlinger
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Suez International SAS
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Degremont SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/20—Activated sludge processes using diffusers
    • C02F3/205—Moving, e.g. rotary, diffusers; Stationary diffusers with moving, e.g. rotary, distributors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2336—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the location of the place of introduction of the gas relative to the stirrer
    • B01F23/23363—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the location of the place of introduction of the gas relative to the stirrer the gas being introduced above the stirrer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
    • C02F2103/325—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters from processes relating to the production of wine products
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars.
  • yeasts whose metabolism is generally employed for the purpose of manufacturing high value-added molecules such as ethanol, flavors, short and long-chain fatty acids is well known in the field of biotechnology. These processes are known as anaerobic fermentation.
  • yeasts when these yeasts are placed under aerobic conditions, they modify their metabolism. The substrate carbon is then used only for the production of biomass.
  • Huyard et al. showed that the aerobic metabolism of yeasts could be used to remove the carbon pollution from waste water.
  • the success of this operation depends on the adaptation of these pure strains to the substrate.
  • the latter is often very heterogeneous, that is to say it consists of a multiplicity of molecules.
  • the result is that, because most of the yeasts used are not adapted to this substrate, the period of acclimation or adaptation of these yeast strains to the substrate is thereby all the longer and more unpredictable.
  • the invention proposes to use these yeasts under aerobic conditions so as to remove the pollution caused by effluents from wine cellars.
  • the invention provides a process for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars in which the process essentially consists in transferring the yeasts contained in the effluents to a medium into which oxygen or air is continuously supplied so that the yeasts, placed under aerobic conditions, immediately begin to consume the carbon substrates of these effluents in which they develop, thus ensuring the treatment thereof.
  • the use according to the invention of the said yeasts for this biological treatment does not require any specific inoculation or period of adaptation or acclimation of the yeasts to the substrates.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the process specified above, which essentially comprises a reactor consisting of a tank equipped with means for the diffusion of oxygen or air in the form of fine bubbles, it being possible, in addition, for this tank to be provided with mechanical stirring means, positioned at the bottom of the tank so as to eliminate any dead space.
  • the pH of the medium is regulated at a value less than 3.5 so as to limit the development of bacteria.
  • FIGURE of the attached drawing represents very schematically, by way of example, and in perspective, an embodiment of a reactor for implementing the invention.
  • This reactor is therefore provided in the form of a tank 10 into which a conduit 12 for feeding air or oxygen under pressure opens, this conduit supplying a plurality of diffusers such as 14, consisting for example of pipes equipped with diffusers or nozzles for introducing air or oxygen in the form of fine bubbles into the mass of effluent to be treated which is contained in the tank 10.
  • the latter comprises, in addition,
  • bottom stirrers 16 ensuring an efficient mixing of the effluent in order to eliminate any dead space.
  • the yeasts contained in the effluent are thus placed under aerobic conditions and they consume the carbon substrates of these effluents so as to ensure the treatment thereof. Provision is made to regulate of the pH of the effluent mass at a value less than 3.5 so as to limit the development of the bacteria.
  • the two purifying techniques were compared: on the one hand, the aerobic purification by yeasts and on the other the traditional activated sludge.
  • the same effluent received applied voluminal loads, expressed in Kg of soluble DCO/m3 per day that were very different.
  • the initial load in the yeast purification pilot plant was initially set at 3 kg of soluble DCO/m3 per day and increased to reach 20 kg DCO/m3 per day after 15 days, with a very good purifying output (in the order of 90%).

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

Process for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars by transferring the yeasts contained in the effluents to a medium into which oxygen or air is continuously supplied so that these yeasts, placed under aerobic conditions, consume the carbon substrates of these effluents in which they develop, thus ensuring the treatment thereof.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The use of yeasts whose metabolism is generally employed for the purpose of manufacturing high value-added molecules such as ethanol, flavors, short and long-chain fatty acids is well known in the field of biotechnology. These processes are known as anaerobic fermentation.
Furthermore, it is known that when these yeasts are placed under aerobic conditions, they modify their metabolism. The substrate carbon is then used only for the production of biomass. Yeasts "breathe", that is to say they produce water and carbon dioxide, while multiplying. In the publication "Water Science and Technology", Vol. 19, RIO page 11-21, 1987, Huyard et al. showed that the aerobic metabolism of yeasts could be used to remove the carbon pollution from waste water. However, to this end, it is necessary to select pure yeast strains or collection strains, cultivate them in a fermenter so as to produce a yeast sediment and then to inoculate with this yeast sediment the effluent which it is desired to depollute. However, the success of this operation depends on the adaptation of these pure strains to the substrate. Now, the latter is often very heterogeneous, that is to say it consists of a multiplicity of molecules. The result is that, because most of the yeasts used are not adapted to this substrate, the period of acclimation or adaptation of these yeast strains to the substrate is thereby all the longer and more unpredictable.
In the effluents from wine cellars, which are obtained for example by the discharge of the lees from wine vats, there are many yeasts which are especially adapted to the substrates obtained from the processing of grape musts. In these lees, the yeasts are maintained under anaerobic conditions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention proposes to use these yeasts under aerobic conditions so as to remove the pollution caused by effluents from wine cellars.
To this end, the invention provides a process for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars in which the process essentially consists in transferring the yeasts contained in the effluents to a medium into which oxygen or air is continuously supplied so that the yeasts, placed under aerobic conditions, immediately begin to consume the carbon substrates of these effluents in which they develop, thus ensuring the treatment thereof.
Thus, as is evident, the use according to the invention of the said yeasts for this biological treatment does not require any specific inoculation or period of adaptation or acclimation of the yeasts to the substrates.
The invention also relates to a device for implementing the process specified above, which essentially comprises a reactor consisting of a tank equipped with means for the diffusion of oxygen or air in the form of fine bubbles, it being possible, in addition, for this tank to be provided with mechanical stirring means, positioned at the bottom of the tank so as to eliminate any dead space.
According to the invention, the pH of the medium is regulated at a value less than 3.5 so as to limit the development of bacteria.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
The sole FIGURE of the attached drawing represents very schematically, by way of example, and in perspective, an embodiment of a reactor for implementing the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This reactor is therefore provided in the form of a tank 10 into which a conduit 12 for feeding air or oxygen under pressure opens, this conduit supplying a plurality of diffusers such as 14, consisting for example of pipes equipped with diffusers or nozzles for introducing air or oxygen in the form of fine bubbles into the mass of effluent to be treated which is contained in the tank 10. The latter comprises, in addition,
bottom stirrers 16 ensuring an efficient mixing of the effluent in order to eliminate any dead space.
As specified above, the yeasts contained in the effluent are thus placed under aerobic conditions and they consume the carbon substrates of these effluents so as to ensure the treatment thereof. Provision is made to regulate of the pH of the effluent mass at a value less than 3.5 so as to limit the development of the bacteria.
In order to make clear the technical effects and advantages conveyed by this invention, comparative test results have been given as a non limitative example.
Purification tests have been carried out on an effluent resulting from a wine settling vat with an overall DCO of 40 g/l and a soluble DCO of 10 g/l.
The two purifying techniques were compared: on the one hand, the aerobic purification by yeasts and on the other the traditional activated sludge. The same effluent received applied voluminal loads, expressed in Kg of soluble DCO/m3 per day that were very different.
From the very beginning of the experiment and throughout all the tests, the "activated sludge" pilot plant voluminal load remained very low, around 1.5 Kg DCO/m3 per day, with poor waste disposal performances (lower than 50%).
On the other hand, the initial load in the yeast purification pilot plant was initially set at 3 kg of soluble DCO/m3 per day and increased to reach 20 kg DCO/m3 per day after 15 days, with a very good purifying output (in the order of 90%).
These results clearly demonstrate the vast superiority of the purifying process according to the invention when compared to traditional methods.

Claims (4)

I claim:
1. A process for the biological treatment of effluent from wine cellars, containing uncultivated, naturally occurring yeasts from wine fermentation, comprising the steps:
containing the effluent, and the uncultivated yeasts therein, in a treatment tank;
subjecting the effluent to continuous aeration for maintaining aerobic conditions for the yeasts;
regulating a pH of the effluent at less than 3.5;
wherein the aerobically conditioned yeasts consume carbonaceous substrates of the effluent.
2. A process for the biological treatment of effluent from wine cellars as set forth in claim 1 wherein the aeration is accomplished by continuously diffusing bubbles into the effluent.
3. A process for the biological treatment of effluent from wine cellars as set forth in claim 2 further comprising the step of stirring the effluent.
4. A process for the biological treatment of effluent from wine cellars as set forth in claim 1 further comprising the step of stirring the effluent.
US08/043,869 1992-04-07 1993-04-07 Process and device for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars Expired - Lifetime US5418166A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9204247 1992-04-07
FR9204247A FR2689493B1 (en) 1992-04-07 1992-04-07 Process and device for the biological purification of effluents from wine cellars.

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US5418166A true US5418166A (en) 1995-05-23

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US08/043,869 Expired - Lifetime US5418166A (en) 1992-04-07 1993-04-07 Process and device for the biological treatment of effluents from wine cellars

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US (1) US5418166A (en)
JP (1) JP3375171B2 (en)
CH (1) CH686670A5 (en)
ES (1) ES2050631B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2689493B1 (en)
IT (1) IT1263995B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080153149A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-06-26 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Purification of thin stillage from dry-grind corn milling with fungi
US20100196994A1 (en) * 2007-06-20 2010-08-05 Van Leeuwen Johannes Fungi cultivation on alcohol fermentation stillage for useful products and energy savings

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19943853A1 (en) * 1999-09-13 2001-03-15 Udo Hoelker Bioreactor for the fermentation of solid materials

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121458A (en) * 1932-12-09 1938-06-21 Vogelbuseh Wilhelm Apparatus and process for aerating wort in yeast production
US2802774A (en) * 1951-04-02 1957-08-13 Edwin C Griesbach Method of alcohol production
FR1156344A (en) * 1955-07-08 1958-05-14 Vogelbusch Gmbh Improvements made to processes and devices to obtain an extremely fine distribution of gas in liquids, more especially air, in the contents of fermentation tanks used for the manufacture of yeast
US3274075A (en) * 1963-10-15 1966-09-20 Hans Kersting Device for aerating fermenting liquids in particular for the production of bakers' yeast
US3400051A (en) * 1964-05-08 1968-09-03 Vogelbusch Gmbh Processes for treating fluids with gases in a vessel
US3751388A (en) * 1970-02-19 1973-08-07 Sumitomo Chemical Co Modified polyphenylene oxide composition containing a fatty acid bisamide either alone or in admixture with a metal salt of a fatty acid
FR2176927A1 (en) * 1972-03-21 1973-11-02 Hitachi Ltd
US4035517A (en) * 1973-09-06 1977-07-12 E. Remy Martin & Co. Process for treating the residue from the distillation of white wine
FR2354967A1 (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-01-13 Spepia Process Engineering Ind Flocculation of effluent suspensions - by agitation and aerobic fermentation
US4183807A (en) * 1977-09-12 1980-01-15 National Tax Administration Agency Treatment of waste water rich in nutrients
EP0423404A1 (en) * 1989-10-18 1991-04-24 Research Association Of Biotechnology For Organic Fertilizer Process for high-load treatment of carbohydrate-containing waste water
US5075008A (en) * 1989-10-17 1991-12-24 Research Association Of Biotechnology For Organic Fertilizer Process for high-load treatment of carbohydrate containing waste water

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751338A (en) * 1971-05-03 1973-08-07 K Farris Process for producing yeast
IE45754B1 (en) * 1976-07-22 1982-11-17 Dunlop Plantations Ltd Treatment of biodegradable material
AR225296A1 (en) * 1979-11-12 1982-03-15 Azucarera Argentina Com & Ind PROTEIN-VITAMIN SUPPLEMENT FOR ANIMAL FEEDING

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121458A (en) * 1932-12-09 1938-06-21 Vogelbuseh Wilhelm Apparatus and process for aerating wort in yeast production
US2802774A (en) * 1951-04-02 1957-08-13 Edwin C Griesbach Method of alcohol production
FR1156344A (en) * 1955-07-08 1958-05-14 Vogelbusch Gmbh Improvements made to processes and devices to obtain an extremely fine distribution of gas in liquids, more especially air, in the contents of fermentation tanks used for the manufacture of yeast
US3274075A (en) * 1963-10-15 1966-09-20 Hans Kersting Device for aerating fermenting liquids in particular for the production of bakers' yeast
US3400051A (en) * 1964-05-08 1968-09-03 Vogelbusch Gmbh Processes for treating fluids with gases in a vessel
US3751388A (en) * 1970-02-19 1973-08-07 Sumitomo Chemical Co Modified polyphenylene oxide composition containing a fatty acid bisamide either alone or in admixture with a metal salt of a fatty acid
FR2176927A1 (en) * 1972-03-21 1973-11-02 Hitachi Ltd
US4035517A (en) * 1973-09-06 1977-07-12 E. Remy Martin & Co. Process for treating the residue from the distillation of white wine
FR2354967A1 (en) * 1976-06-14 1978-01-13 Spepia Process Engineering Ind Flocculation of effluent suspensions - by agitation and aerobic fermentation
US4183807A (en) * 1977-09-12 1980-01-15 National Tax Administration Agency Treatment of waste water rich in nutrients
US5075008A (en) * 1989-10-17 1991-12-24 Research Association Of Biotechnology For Organic Fertilizer Process for high-load treatment of carbohydrate containing waste water
EP0423404A1 (en) * 1989-10-18 1991-04-24 Research Association Of Biotechnology For Organic Fertilizer Process for high-load treatment of carbohydrate-containing waste water

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080153149A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2008-06-26 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Purification of thin stillage from dry-grind corn milling with fungi
US9079786B2 (en) 2006-06-20 2015-07-14 Johannes van Leeuwen Purification of thin stillage from dry-grind corn milling with fungi
US20100196994A1 (en) * 2007-06-20 2010-08-05 Van Leeuwen Johannes Fungi cultivation on alcohol fermentation stillage for useful products and energy savings
US8481295B2 (en) 2007-06-20 2013-07-09 Johannes van Leeuwen Fungi cultivation on alcohol fermentation stillage for useful products and energy savings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH686670A5 (en) 1996-05-31
JP3375171B2 (en) 2003-02-10
ES2050631B1 (en) 1994-12-01
IT1263995B (en) 1996-09-06
FR2689493A1 (en) 1993-10-08
JPH067794A (en) 1994-01-18
ES2050631A1 (en) 1994-05-16
FR2689493B1 (en) 1995-05-12
ITMI930663A1 (en) 1994-10-05
ITMI930663A0 (en) 1993-04-05

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