US541349A - Grinding and polishing machine - Google Patents

Description

5 Sheets--Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

P.N.GARDNER; GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 541,349. Patented June 18, 1895.

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(Na Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2.

v F. N. GARDNER. I GRINDINGAND POLISHING MACIEIINE PatentedJune 18, 1895.

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GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE. No. 541,349. Patented June 18, 1895.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

P N. GARDNER. GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 541,349. Patented June 18. 1895.

(No Model.\ 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

P., N. GARDNER. GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

No. 541 349. Patented June 18, 1895.

2 ohms wnsm co, won'ouwo, wunmcnou U ITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK N. GARDNER, OF BELOIT, \VISCONSIN, A SSIGNOR TO CHARLES H.

' BESLY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GRINDING AND POLISHING MACHINE.

I SPECIFICATIQH forming part of Letters 'Patent No. 541,349, dated June 18, 1895.

Application filed January 21, I 893. Serial No. 459,111. (No modcll To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK N. GARD- NER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beloit, in the county of Rock and State of lVisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Grinding and Polishing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention generally stated,

I0 is to provide an efficient and highly serviceable grinding and polishing machine adapted for each and all of the various and varied reqnireinents of general service,and capable of accurately grinding down or polishing olf different kinds and szes of work.

Various other objects and advantages involved are hereinafter more specifically set forth in detail.

\Vith reference to certain prominent characteristics and features of improvement in a grindinginachine characterized by my invention, the machine is provided with a pair of oppositely arranged abrading wheels or disks, and with a couple of work-tables one for each wheel or disk, in which way, the work-tables can be adapted or adjusted either for different pieces of work, or for differently positioning one piece of work with relation to the angle at which it is to be ground. One table is particularly adapted for adjustment at a permanent right angle with the flat abrading side of one of the disks, and is supported to swing so as to carry the Work across the same. To insure permanent accuracy of relative movement, said table swings about the axis of an arbor arranged parallelwith a countershaft or spindle on which the abrading disk is mounted. For some purposes the arbor may rock so as to permit the table to swing, but as a preferred arrangement it is lixed, and is provided with an oscillatory box or hearing from which the table is supported. The said oscillatory box or hearing is also made dust proof so as to prevent the fine dust which wears from the abrading wheel, and work, from finding its way between the bearing and arbor. The provision of a swinging table permits the table to be swung with ease, owing to the attainable leverage, and the provision ofan oscillatoryor rocking support for the table insures uniformity of wear and a much longer period of true work than could be attained by any arrangement of table having a sliding connection with a base support.

The arbor provides a highly advantageous support for both tables and to such end is positioned below and parallel with the countershaft, whereby, both tables if so desired can be swung about a fixed axis which is main- 6o tained accurately parallel with the axis of the counter-shaft.

Asa further provision for different kinds of work, one of the tables is adapted for various adjustments relatively to its allotted abrading wheel or disk, and certain special means are provided for adjusting the same in height.

The abrading wheels or ,disks are preferably reversibly attached to the counter-shaft and have each a pair of oppositely arranged flat abrading sides, by which arrangement, each disk can be reversed so as to permit both'of its sides to be utilized. Special means are also provided for accurately and reinovably securing the abrading disks upon the counter-shaft. The great rapidity with which the counter-shaft revolves, necessarily causes wear, and in order to take up such wear, one or both of its allotted boxes are adjustable diametrically and are also in part adjustable longitudinally.

Various details and arrangements involved in the foregoing will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, iii which- Figure 1 represents in elevation a grinding and polishing machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a section on a largerscale, taken centrally through a portion of the machine on 0 a plane coincident with the axes of the counter-shaft and arbor,-as indicated by line y yin Fig. 6, the greater portion of each abradingdisk being broken away for convenience of illustration, and for like reason the work-ta- 5 bles are not shown. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through one of the work-tables and means for supporting and raising and lowering the same on a plane indicated by line 00a; in Fig.1. Fig. 4 is a like section through the other table and [CO its support on a plane indicated by line z z in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents in elevation one of the tables provided with a sliding top. Fig. 6 represents a portion of the machine in elevation and mainly illustrates a portion of. one of the flat abrading sides of the disk 0 and the table F, with means for supporting and raising and lowering it. Fig. 7 shows in elevation the devices of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a section through the table-standard K, supporting-box, and screw on line 2' z in Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a face view of the central portion of one of the abrading-disks, and Fig. 10 is a section taken transversely through the same. Fig. 11 represents the head R in side elevation, and Fig. 12 is a-front end view of the same. Figs. 13 and 14 represent the cap-screw S, respectively, in side and front end elevation. Fig. 15 illustrates one of the split sleeves or bushings Q.

The spindle or counter-shaft A is provided with a pair of oppositely arranged grinding and polishing or abrading disks B, and O, and is mounted at the upper portion of the head D. The work holding tables E and F are arranged for service respectively in conjunction with one and the other of the two abrading disks, and are supported upon a spindle or arbor G which is positioned below and parallel with the counter-shaft and preferably extended through the baseor lower portion of the head. The table E is arranged to swing about'the axis of its supporting arbor so as to permit a piece of work upon the table to be moved across the adjacent flatabrading surface of the nearest disk, and in order therefore to cause the work to swing in a plane which is exactly parallel with the plane of the disk, it is necessary that the bores or bearings for the counter-shaft and the arbor should be formed accurately and perfectly parallel with one another so as to insure a condition of perfeet parallelism between the axes of the arbor and the counter-shaft. For the broader purposes of this portion of my invention, the arbor G can be either rotary so as to turn with the-table, or fixed so as to necessitate an independent movement on the part of the table, which latter, will in both of such cases, swing about the axis of the arbor. As a matter of further improvement however, the arbor G is fixed, and the table E is supported so as to swing upon the same. To such end therefore, the table is carried by a vibratory arm 1 which is arranged to swing upon the stationary arbor. The freedom with which said arm is permitted to swing can be regulated, and for 'such purpose the arm is provided with an adjustable box or hearing 2 which turns upon the arbor and which can be contracted thereon and loosened at will. As a simple and compact construction of box, the table supporting arm is provided at its inner end with a hub or sleeve which is split as at 3 (Figs; 4 and 7) and contracted or loosened by adjusting screws 4, whereof one is shown in Fig. 7. The box thus constructed is provided with an oiler H, and desirably with suitable packing 5 arranged between the opposing sides of its divided portion so. as to effectively exclude dust from entering by way of the split. To effectively exclude dust from entering the box by way of its inner ends, and to provide bearings for said ends, the arbor is provided with caps I arranged opposite the ends of the box and provided with annular flange portions 6 which lap the cylindric ends of the box as best shown in Fig. 2, wherein said ends of the box are provided with packing rings 7, which in conjunction with the flanged end caps I provide effective dust guards.

In order to place the table E with its top surface at a right angle with the vertical abrading surface of the disk the table is adjustably secured upon the swinging arm E, and to such end the table is provided with a short leg or base 8 which is secured to the arm by a screw 9 arranged to pass through a slot 10 in the base or leg portion of thetable. This arrangement also permits the table to be adjusted in height, but is of particular service as a means for accurately placing the plane of the table top at a right angle with the plane of the abrading disk. The table is also provided with a rib or abutment 11 arranged to form a guide or rest for the work and positioned so as to provide a wall12 (Fig. 7) which is transversely at a right angle with the plane of thetable, and longitudinally at a right angle with the abrading surface of the disk, by which arrangement, the top surface 13, of the table, the side 12 of the rib or abutment, and the vertical abrading surface of the disk represent three sides of a cube, no

matter to what extent the table may be swung across the disk. By such arrangement, the work can be accurately ground down with ease and expedition, and by pivotally sup porting the table, as aforesaid, the pivotal joint or connection can be efiectively protected from the fine emery or like dust which wears off the disk'during use. The true and accurate adjustment made at the start, as hereinbefore described will also be maintained for a practically indefinite period, since such slight wear as may be incident to the movement of the table supporting box upon the arbor will be uniformly distributed along the bearing surfaces and can when so needed be accurately taken up bycontracti'ng the box or by adjusting one of the end caps along the arbor as may be required.

The table F is capable of several adjustments with reference to its allotted grinding disk 0, and to such end is supported and arranged as follows:The table is adapted for tilting adjustment and for such purpose is provided with a short supporting leg let which is attached to an arm or standard K by a pivot ICC) 15 which can for example be a screw or a bolt this pivot for the table is arranged parallel with the planeof the abrading disk 0, whereby the table can be tilted to any desired-angle with the fiat abrading side of the disk, and to permit the top surface of the table to be set close to the disk when the table is ad justed to incline upwardly toward the same, the edge of the table nearest the disk is beveled as at 16, Fig. 1. w

The standard K is supported for sliding adjustment upon a box or bearing L which is secured upon the arbor G and to such end the standard is made T-shape in'cross-section and fitted to work through a guide way formed by a groove in the box L and cleats 17 which are bolted to the box and arranged to lap the edge portions 18 of the standard.

The box L is acljustably held upon the arbor and for such purpose is split longitudinally at 19 and provided with clamping screws 20, whereby it can be tightened or loosened upon the arbor as may be desired. By properly loosening the screws 20, the box can be so held upon the arbor as to allow the table to be swung back and forth across the side of the disk,-or swung to a desired angle and there secured by tightening up the screws. Such arrangement also permits the adjustment of the box along the arbor, so as to vary the distance between the table and the abrading disk.

The sliding standard can be adjusted so as to raise and lower the table, by turning a hand wheel M, which operates as a nut for raising and lowering a screw N arranged to extend up through the box L. The hub of the handwheel could directly engage the screw but as a preferred arrangement an internally threaded sleeve 21 is driven within the hub of the handwheel so as to provide a proper-bushing which is threaded so as to engage the screw. This bushing is further held in rigid engagement with the hand-wheel by a nut 22, and is extended above the hand-wheel so as to fit and work within a bearing 23 which is rigid with the sliding standard K, and which is arranged between the hand-wheel, and a head or shoulder 24 on the upper end of the sleeve or bushing. The screw N is threaded upwardly from its lower end for a portion of its length, and has its upper end portion unthreaded and formed with a flattened side 25. The box L is also provided with a binding screw 26, or like stop, which can be adjusted so as to engage and bind against the flat side of the screw and thereby hold the latter in rigid connection with the box. When therefore the screw is thus held rigid with the box, the table standard can be raised or lowered by turning the hand-wheel which has a swivel connection with the standard and which will work up or down upon the screw, according to the direction in which the hand-wheel is turned, it being observed that the swivel connection between the hand wheel and sliding table standard is provided by the bearing 23 wherein the sleeve or bushing 21 is free to turn. By turning the hand-wheel, the table F can be adjusted in height with great nicety, but should justment of such member, the screw 26 can be loosened so asto permit the attendant to simply push down the table and slideor raise the same by an up pull, in which case the screw N will move with the table and sliding standard.

Either of the tables hereinbefore described can be adapted for projection toward the front or rear of the machine independently of their aforesaid supports, but as a preferred arrangement the table F is adapted for such purpose, and as a simple way, a dovetail guide 27 (Fig. 5) is applied upon the table which then becomes a base for a sliding top 28 which is grooved to receive the dovetail guide.

The guide or sliding top can be in the nature of a removable attachment, and to such end the top 29 of the table proper is provided with openings 30 for bolts 31 (Fig. 5) employed to removably secure the guide 27 on the table.

In using the machine, either table can be swung so as to carry the work across the abrading face of the nearest disk, but desirably, the table E which is set at a right angle with the plane of the disk 13 is used as a swinging table, while on the other hand, the box L can be tightly secured upon the arbor, leaving the table F which is supported from said box for compound or'sitnple adjustment as'may be required by the nature of the work.

The bearings or boxes P for the spindle or counter-shaft are separated so as to provide space for the spindle-pulley 32 which is arranged upon the counter-shaft at a point between the opposing ends of the boxes. These boxes may be integral with or be made separate from and secured to the head D, and each box is split longitudinally as at 33 so as to adapt it for expansion and contraction as may be required, the diametric adjustment of the box in this respect being attained by the use of adjusting screws 34: engaging in lugs 35 upon the box.

Each box contains a longitudinally split sleeve or bushing Q which is adapted to provide a suitable bearing surface for the counter shaft. The opposing ends of these sleeves or bushings provide end bearings for the spindle pulley 32, and as a means for taking up wear, either box can be loosened upon its allotted sleeve or bushing and the latter then adjusted endwise to a proper extent. In practice it will generally be sufficient to thus adjust but one of the sleeves or bushings,

and as a simple device for such purpose, each of the boxes is provided with an adjusting screw 37 which fits a threaded bearing on the box but also lies to some extent within a longitudinal groove in the adjacent sleeve or bushing so as to hold the latter against rotation. The head of the screw projects out from the end of the box and engages an end of the sleeve or bushing, so that by properly turning the screw, the bushing will be forced toward the pulley.

For the purposes of the foregoing described matters of improvement, the grinding and able flat abrading sides, and said disks can also be secured to the counter-shaft in any suitable manner.

As matters of further improvement the counter shaft is provided at each end portion with a bore adapted to receive the stem 38 of a head R to which one of the abrading disks is attached. The stem 38 of the head is threaded for a portion of its length and is screwed into a threaded portion 39 of said bore, as in Fig. 2. with an axially arranged bore which extends through its stem and which is enlarged along its outer end portion so as to form a shoulder 40 within the head, and also provide asocket 41 which is threaded for the reception of a short screw 42 which forms the stem of a capplate or cap-screw S employed asa means for clamping the disk upon the rotary head. The counter-shaft is also bored from the base 39 so as to form a smaller threaded bore portion 43 which is threaded the reverse of the thread of the bore or socket 39 and which receives the threaded portion of a long safety screw T, is threaded the reverse of the thread of the stem 38 and arranged to extend through the small bore-portion in the stem 38. By such arrangement, the head of the screw can be tightened against the shoulder 40 within the head and when the machine is suddenly stopped, the head which carries the grinding wheel will be eifectively locked against movement independent of the counter-shaft, it being observed that without this safety device the momentum of the wheel and head would tend to turn the head upon the sudden stoppage of the machine. The abrading disk has each ofits opposite sides provided with a centrally arranged circular seat or recess 44 adapted with reference to the head Rso that said head can fit within either of said seats. The disk is also provided with an opening 45 for a portion 38 of the head R and with holes 46 for studs 47 which project from the head. The cap'plate or fiat head of the capscrew S is also adapted to fit within either of the said seats 44 and hence when the disk is applied so as to receive the head within one of its seats or recesses and also receive the studs in its holes, as aforesaid, the screw 42 can be turned into the threaded bore portion 41 on the head until the fiat head of screw S is received in the opposite seat in the disk and tightened up against the disk. By such arrangement the disk can be readily reversed, so that after one side becomes worn, the disk can be removed and then replaced with its unworn side next to the table. Both disks are shown attached in said way, and hence a description of one will serve for both.

As an exceedingly practical and convenient way of using the foregoing described machine, the table E can be fixed upon its supporting arm or standard 1 so as to place its The head is also provided.

top surface at an exact right angle with the nearest vertical abrading side of disk B, while the table F can be readily adjusted from time to time with reference to the nearest vertical abrading side of the disk 0, as may be required.

The disks may be of any suitable abrading material, but in practice I provide disks having their fiat sides grooved and covered with emery cloth or like abradent which is held upon the disk by an intermediate layer of glue-or cement as set forth in my applications for Letters Patent of the'United States, filed October 26, 1891, and August 13, 1892, it being understood that while I prefer to shape the abrading surface in accordance with the grooved surface of the wheel, the term flat abrading side of the disk as herein employed comprehends such arrangement since such surface is generally flat in contradistinction to the cylindric surface of an abrading wheel.

The foregoing described feature of the split box containing a bushing which is adjustable longitudinally and which is split so as to partake of the diametric adjustment of the box, is of especial service in the particular machine herein described, but I can also use such device in other machines for a similar purpose.

WVhat I claim as my invention is 1. A grinding and polishing machine comprising a rotary abrading disk, a work-table arranged for movement alongside the flat abrading side of the disk, a box having an arm by which the table is adjustably supported, an arbor upon which the box is arranged to oscillate, said arbor being fixed at right angles to the plane of the abrading disk and caps-adapted and applied to provide end bearings and dust guards for the oscillatory box substantially as described.

2. A grinding and polishing machine con1- prising a rotary abrading disk, a box 2 arranged to oscillate upon an arborand adapted for contraction and expansion thereon, said arbor being fixed at right angles to the plane of the abrading disk caps I lapping the ends of the oscillatory box, and a work table adjnstably supported from the oscillatory box and arranged to swing alongside the flat abrading side of the disk, substantially as described.

3. In a grinding and polishing machine, a counter-shaft bored as at 39 and counter-bored as at 43, a head having a stem provided with screw threads adapted to engage those of the bore 39, a reversible abrading disk fitted upon the head and secured thereto by a cap-screw S, anda screw T extending through the stem of the head and engaging in the counter-bore 43 in the counter-shaft, the screw T and stem 38 being threaded in opposite directions to prevent turning the said head being bored to form a socket 41 for the'cap screw, and being counter-bored back through its stem so scribed.

4. In a grinding and polishing machine, a of the disk, said arbor being arranged at right rotary abrading disk or wheel, a tilting and angles to the flat surface of the disk, subvertically adjustable table, and abox supstantially as described.

porting the table and adjustahlj clamped FREDERICK N. GARDNER. upon an arbor whereby it can be loosened so Witnesses:

as to permit the table to be swung and the CHAS. KENDALL,

work carried across the fiat abrading surface M. C. WICKMAN.

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