US537600A - Churn and butter-worker - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. G; 3. BROWN 82: F. B. FARGO. GHURN AND BUTTER WORKER No. 537,600. ,Pat'entdApr-ylfi, 1895.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. S. BROWNS; 1?. B. FARGO.

0111mm AND BUTTER WORKER.

No. 537,600. 7 PatentedApr.16,1'895.'

(No Model.) 4 Sh eetsSheet 3.

6 S. BROWN 85 F. B. FARGO. GHURN AND BUTTER WORKER.

No. 537,600. Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. G. S. BROWN & F. B. FARGO. GHUBN AND BUTTER WORKER Patented Apr. 16, 1895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES S. BROWN AND FRANK B. FARGO, OF LAKE MI LLS, WISCONSIN.

CHURN AND BUTTER-WORKER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 537,600, dated April 16,1895.

Application filed July II 1894. Serial No. 517,197. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, CHARLES S. BROW and FRANK B. FARGO, of Lake Mills, in the county of Jefferson and State of Wisconsin, have inyenteda new and useful Improvement in Churns 0r Butter-Workers, of which the following is a description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are a part of this specification.

The object of our invention is to provide a suitably organized and easily operated machine, strong and durable in all its parts, and especially adapted in every respect for use at will either as a churn or as a butter worker.

The invention consists of the machine and its several parts and combinations as hereinafter described and claimed, but anything herein stated is not to be construed as depriving us of our right to protection hereunder for equivalent devices, and of the right to use these devices and their equivalents for every purpose for which they are adapted, notwithstanding no mention of such equivalents is herein otherwise made.

In the drawings, Figure 1, is an elevation of the complete machine. Fig. 2, is an elevation of the front end of the machine, the end seen at the right in Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a central horizontal, transverse section of a fragment of the cylinder or case of the churn, and a plan view of the mechanism for operating it, located at the front end of the machine. Fig. 4:, is a transverse section medially 0f the case of the churn, and of the mechanism therein. Fig. 5, is a plan of the mechanism at the rear end of the machine, being that at the left in Fig. 1, in connection with a fragment of the head of the case or cylinder, and of the rollers therein. Fig. 6, is a vertical section of mechanism shown in plan in Fig. 3.

Fig. 7, isa detail, mostly in section of a valve used in the case of the cylinder, for permitting the escape of milk or water therefrom. Fig. 8, is a modification of mechanism shown in Fig. 6.

In the drawings A is a frame, of suitable size and proportions to support the operative mechanism.

The brackets B B B at the front and rear of the machine respectively, are secured rigidly to the main frame and are practically parts of the frame as are also the frames 0 C fixed on the brackets B B and B.

The cylindrical case 10 is provided with short hollow cylindrical gudgeons 11, 11, of less diameter, respectively, than the case, one at each end, secured centrally to the respective heads of the case, by which gudgeons the case is supported revolubly. Near theirouter extremities these gudgeons are each provided with an annular rib 12.

A plurality of idle wheels or rollers 13 are axled on the frame A, and are provided with peripheral grooves adapted to receive therein the ribs 12 on the respective gudgeons 11. These rollers 13 are disposed in the planes of the ribs 12 about the lower halves of the gudgeons, and are adapted to support the gudgeons and the case affixed thereto, revolubly thereon. The ribs 12 traveling in the rollers 13, prevent endwise movement of the cylindrical case. These gudgeons are secured to the heads of the drum or case liquid tight about and inclosing apertures therethrough, the gudgeons projecting laterally from the heads, inclosing circumferentially and protecting the passages therethrough into the drum. The case is also provided with longitudinal ledges or buckets 14 secured to the inner surface of the case, which are provided with apertures 15 adjacent to the case, the buckets being adapted by the revolution of the case to agitate the milk when the machine is used as a churn, and to elevate the butter to the top of the case, when the machine is used as a butter worker.

The apertures 15 are adapted to permit of the escape of water from the buckets when the machine is being used as a butter worker.

An aperture in the side of the case, normally closed by the removable door 16, is provided, which is adapted for inserting and removing the milk, cream or butter, to orfrom the case. Bails l7 hinged on the case fold down on the door when in place, and being secured by the catches 18 swiveled on the door, serve to retain the door detachably in place.

For rotating the case, an annular rack 19 fixed on the front end of the case concentrically, meshes with a wheel 20 fixed on the shaft 21 which is journaled in the frame 0. This shaft 21 is provided with a large spur wheel 22 and a smaller spur wheel 23. -These two spur wheels are loose on the shaft 21 at a little distance apart, and a clutch 24 splined on the shaftis adapted to be put into engagement with one or the other of the spur wheels, at the will of the operator. For shifting the clutch 24 a lever handle 25 pivoted medially on the non-movable collar D rides at one extremity in an annular channel thereforin the clutch 24. The handle 25 is slightly elastic and is so disposed as to spring into recesses therefor in the fixed rack 26 and thereby to be locked in position, securing the clutch 24 in engagement with one or the other of the spur wheels 22 or 23. The driving shaft 27 journaled in the frame 0 is provided with fast and loose pulleys 28, 28' respectively, through which it is belted to the power supply. The shaft 27 is also provided with the large and the small spur wheels 29 and 30 which mesh with the loose wheels 23 and 22 respectively. This construction is adapted for rotating the case 10 rapidly, as is desirable when the machine is used as a churn, or slowly at the will of the operator, as is desirable when the machine is used for a butter worker. As shown in Fig. 3 the clutch 24 is in engagement with the larger wheel 22 on shaft 21, and when so disposed, the case is rotated slowly in the manner adapted for working butter.

For the purpose of still more thoroughly agitating the milk when the machine is being used as a churn, and for compressing the butter and expressing the water therefrom, when the machine is being used as a butter worker, two longitudinally and deeply corrugated rollers 31 substantially as long as the interior of the case are mounted in the case, parallel with its axis and substantially centrally thereof. The journals 32 of these rollers have their bearings in the extremities of the cross heads 33, said cross heads being provided medially with hollow axles 34 which have their hearings in the frames 0 C respectively. By this construction the rollers 31 are adapted to revolve on their own axes in the cross heads 33, and to be whirled about the axis of the cross heads, which is parallel with, intermediate of, and equidistant from the axes of the rollers. Spur wheels 35 fixed respectively on the journals 32 mesh with each other, and one of these wheels is adapted to mesh with the pinion 36 splined on the shaft 27, whereby the rollers 31 may be rotated from the driving shaft.

A lever handle 37 pivoted medially on the bracket B is pivoted atone extremity to a bar 38, which bar is secured to the frame 0 so as to move thereon parallel with the shaft 27, and at its other extremity is provided with fingers which ride in an annular groove therefor in the hub of the pinion 36, whereby by the shifting of the bar 38 by means of the lever handle 37, the pinion 35 is slipped into or out of mesh with the spur wheel 36. The lever handle 37 is slightly elastic and is adapted to spring into recesses therefor in the rack 26, whereby it is locked in position.

Collars 39 secured adjustably to the journals 32 at the rear of the machine bear against the faces of the cross head 33, and collars 39 interposed between the faces of the cross head 33 and the wheels 35, at the front end of the machine, prevent the endwise movement of the rollers 31.

The apertures into the case through the gudgeons 11, are normally closed by the adjustable disk heads 40, which are let into recesses therefor in the ends of the case and bear movably or tightly as desired against the inner ends of the gudgeons ll, cork gaskets 41 being fixed in annular grooves therefor in the inner ends of the gudgeons, and projecting therefrom, receive the bearings of the disk heads and form fluid-tight joints. The journals 32 pass movably, and water tight through the heads in stuffing boxes 42. The disk heads 40 are made adjustable and are held more or less tightly'to the gudgeons 11 by means of devices consisting of rods 43 pivoted at one extremity to ears fixed on the disks, and at the other extremity to the outer ends of transverse bars 44 each provided with a rigid centrally affixed stem or arbor 45, projecting at right angles thereto, which arbors are journaled near the bars 44 in the hollow axles 34 and at their extremities are journaled in the frame 0. Milled nuts 46 turning by screw threads on the arbors against the sleeve-axles 34 respectively, are adapted to draw the disk heads 40 more or less tightly against the inner ends of the gudgeons 11, as desired. Transverse pins 47 fixed in the arbors 45 and projecting therefrom into longitudinal recesses in the sleeve axles 34, compel concurrent revolution of the sleeve axles and the arbors, while permitting a limited amount of end wise movement, with reference to each other. Clutches 48 splined on the arbors 45 are adapted to be put into engagement with the frames 0, C respectively, and thereby hold the arbors 45 and the devices connected thereto, against rotation. The lever handle 25 at the front end of the machine, and the lever handle 25 at the rear end of the machine are each provided with a finger which extends partially around the hub of the clutch, and pins inserted in the lovers and in the fingers, ride in annular grooves therefor in the hubs of the clutches, whereby the levers are adapted for sliding the clutches into and out of engagement with the frames 0 C. The lever handle 25' is pivoted at one extremity on the frame 0 and a pin 49 fixed in the frame is adapted to be engaged either at one side or the other by the lever handle near its other extremity which is therebylocked in position, whereby the clutch 48 at that end of the machine is locked in or out of engagement with the bracket. These clutches 48 are used to lock the rollers 31 against whirling around each other in the case, and in a horizontal plane with reference to each other, when the machine is being used as a butter worker. When the machine is being used as a churn these clutches are released and the rollers 31 are permitted to whirl with the case about each other. When used as a butter worker the pinion 36 is thrown into mesh with the wheel 35 and the rollers 31 are revolved. When used as a churn the pinion 36 is thrown out of mesh with the wheel 35, and out of the plane of its whirling movement.

When the machine is being used as a butter worker the revolution of the case carries the butter upwardly therewith on the buckets 14 nearly to the top, when it falls therefrom on the rollers 31 which are revolving inwardly at the top and thereby the butter is carried down between the rollers and so far compressed by passing between them as to force out the water contained therein. As the butter falling from the buckets 15 would not always fall on to the rollers 31 without being guided thereto, we provide two longitudinal bars 50 preferably square in cross section, which bars are located just above and one at each side of the vertical outer plane of each roller, which serve as the walls of a hopper to guide the butter falling from above on to the rollers 31. These bars are revoluble, being pivoted at their respective ends in plates 51 fixed at one side of the journals of the rollers, on the disk heads 40. In adjusting the machine for use as a butter worker these bars 50 are whirled about the axis of the hollow axles 34 until they are in the positions shown in Fig. 4, and are then locked in place by the clutches 48, in the manner herein before described. VVhen the machine is in use as a churn these bars whirl around with the rollers 31 and assist in agitating the contents of the churn.

For the purpose of allowing the butter milk or water, or both to escape from the case when the machine is being used as a butter worker, a series of apertures closed by automatically operating valves 52 are provided in the case. These apertures are arranged at a little distance apart in an annular line about the case. Each aperture is provided with a bushing 53, and a nut 54, which turns by screw thread on the bushing against the exterior of the case and holds the bushing in place. The bushing is provided interiorly with a cross bar 55, and the nut is provided with a transverse yoke 56. The valve 52 rests against the inner end of the bushing 53, and is provided with a stem 57 which passes through apertures therefor in the bar 55 and in the yoke 56 whereby the movements of the of the case, when being used as a butter" worker, come to the bottom, a valve-lifting plate 60 is provided, which consists of an elongated plate or strap, the upper surface of which isin an arc correspondingsubstantially with the arc of the case, exceptthat its ends are turned slightly outwardly therefrom, is mounted on the radiating arms of arock-shaft 61, which rock-shaft is journaled on the frame, and is provided witha radially projecting pedal 62 for oscillating it. The plate 60 is located near the case 10 and is adapted to be lifted into the path of the valve stems 57, so that, when in this position the valve stems, as the case rotates will contact with the plate and be lifted thereby opening the valves, during the time they are passing opposite the plate, the springs 58 acting to close the valves as soon as they are released from the plate 60. Normally the plate 6 0 by its. gravity falls out of the path of the stems'57, but by means of the pedal 62 the plate is readily lifted into the path of the stems 57 and is held there by swinging the shank of the pedal into engagement with oneor the other of the teeth of the rack 63, fixed on the frame. The pedal 62 may have a slight lateral play to adapt it for engaging and being released from the rack 63, or a slight elasticity in the stem will accomplish the same result.

The collar D loose on shaft 27, is prevented from moving endwise by the adjacent wheels 29 and 30, fixed on the shaft.

The rods 43 hinged to the heads 46 and to the bars 44 provided with arbors 45, form therewith flexible apparatuses for securing the heads to the case, that permit the heads to adjust themselves to their seats, even when the parts are warped or twisted slightly out of correct form.

It will be noted that by constructing the drum with apertures through its heads centrally and putting in the therefrom laterally projecting hollow cylindrical gudgeons 11 which form protected passages therethrough drum centrally, are unoccupied by any structure for supporting the drum, and these spaces can be utilized freely by devices for supporting and operating the rollers 31 located in the drum, the journals of which project through said gudgeons 11.

-In the modified form of device shown in Fig. 8 a finger 64 rigid on the nut 46 rides in the clutch 48 and serves by the rotation of the nut to slip the clutch into and out of engagement with the frame 0. This finger 64 obviates the use ofthe lever handle 25 in connection with the clutch 48. A like finger can be used in connection with the nut 46 at the other end of the machine and thereby obviate the use of the lever handle 25'. As it is desirable always to move the clutch 48 and the nut 46 concurrently along the arbor 45, this form of connection between the two is convenient and desirable. In this form of device the pin 47' is shown as fixed in the sleeve axle 34 and as being loose in an elongated slot in the arbor 45, instead of being fixed in the arbor 45 and loose in a slot in the sleeve axle as shown in Fig. 6 in the other form of device. The two forms are deemed equivalents of each other.

\Vhat We claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination of a frame, a revoluble cylindrical case, hollow cylindrical gudgeons of less diameter than the case fixed concentrically in and projecting from the heads forming circumferentially inclosed and protected passages through its ends to the interior of the case, loose disk heads arranged to be clamped to the ends of the case over the inner ends of the passage through the gudgeons, means in and in front of said inclosed passages for clamping the disk heads to the heads of the case, exterior annular ribs on said gudgeons near their outer ends, and rollers axled on the frame, said rollers being provided with peripheral grooves in which the ribs on the gudgeons are received and travel, whereby the case is supported revolubly and against endwise movement, by means beneath the hollow gudgeons leaving the space in front of the openings through the heads free for devices for clamping the disk heads and actuating the butter-working rollers, substantially as described.

2. The combination of frame, a revoluble cylindrical case, hollow cylindrical gudgeons of less diameter than the case fixed concentrically in and projecting from the heads forming circumferentially inclosed and protected passages through its ends to the interior of the case, loose disk heads arranged to be clamped to the ends of the case over the inner ends of the passages through the gudgoons, means in and in front of said inclosed passages for clamping the disk heads to the heads of the case, exterior annular ribs on said gudgeons near their ends, peripherally grooved wheels revoluble on the frame on which wheels the gudgeons are supported and rotate and in the grooves in which said ribs are received and travel, an annular rack fixed on the end of the case, and a driving wheel meshing with the rack whereby the case is revolved, the gudgeons extending beyond the rack and pinion, whereby the case is supported and rotated by means about or at the sides of the gudgeons, leaving the space in front of the openings through the gudgeons, free for devices for clamping the loose diskheads and for actuating the butter-working rollers, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a frame, of a hollow case revoluble on the frame and having apertures centrally through the ends of the case, two rollers within and'substantially as long as the chamber of the case, said rollers being disposed near to each other and parallel with the axis of the case, spur wheels on the journals of the rollers meshing with each other and with a wheel on a driving shaft and means for rotating the case from the driving shaft, said means of driving the rollers being independent of the means for rotating the case, substantially as described.

4. The combination with a frame, of a hollow case, hollow cylindrical gudgeons of less diameter than the case fixed in the ends thereof and projecting laterally therefrom.

forming circumferentially inclosed and protected passages to the interior of the case said gudgeons being mounted revolubly on the frame, a plurality of rollers in the case parallel with the gudgeons thereof, the journals of which rollers extend in the hollow chamber of the gudgeons through the gudgeons longitudinally, cross heads outside of the case and of the gudgeons axled independently of the case gudgeons centrally on the frame, in the extremities of which cross heads the j ournals of the rollers respectively have their bearings, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a frame, of a hollow case, hollow cylindrical gudgeons fixed in the ends of the case and projecting late-rally therefrom forming circumferentially inclosed and protected passages therethrough into the case said gudgeons being mounted revolubly on the frame, a plurality of rollers in the case parallel with the axis thereof the journals of which rollers extend in the hollow chamber of the gudgeons through the gudgeons longitudinally, cross heads outside of the case and of the gudgeons axled independently of the case gudgeons centrally on the frame, in the extremities of which cross heads the journals of the rollers respectively have their bearings, and spur wheels on the journals of the rollers outside the case, which spur wheels mesh with each other and with a pinion on a driven shaft, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a frame, of a hollow case, hollow gudgeons fixed in the ends of the case, a plurality of rollers in the case parallel with the axis thereof, cross heads axled centrally on the frame in the extremities of which cross heads the journals of the rollers respectively have their bearings, spur wheels on the journals of the rollers, which spur wheels mesh with each other, and a pinion splined on a driving shaft adapted to be put in mesh with one of the spur wheels on the journal of a'roller, and means for shifting the pinion into and out of gear, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a hollow case having central apertures in the heads thereof, of disk-heads fitted loosely in the apertures and adapted by being clamped to the heads of the case to close the apertures water tight, rods connecting said loose heads severally to the arms of transverse bars, said bars, an arbor projecting centrally from each of said bars,

rollers in said case, other transverse bars one at each end of the case in which latter bars the rollers are journaled and against which said journals bear preventing endwise movement thereof relatively, and nuts at both ends of the machine turning on said arbors against said journal-carrying bars, whereby the diskheads are clamped to the case-heads through said nuts by thrust against the journals of the rollers outside the heads of the case, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a hollow case having hollow gudgeons in the ends thereof, of disk heads fitted in the ends of the case against the inner ends of the gudgeons, rods connecting said heads to the arms of transverse bars, said bars, a stem or arbor projecting centrally from each transverse bar, and nuts turning by screw thread on the arbors against relatively fixed supports, adapted to draw the heads to their seats against the ends of the gudgeons, substantially as described.

9. The combination with a hollow case having hollow gudgeons in the ends thereof, of disk heads fitted in the ends of the case against the inner ends of the gudgeons, rods connecting said heads to the arms of transverse bars, said bars, a stem or arbor projecting centrally from each transverse bar, clutches splined on the arbors adapted to engage a fixed support and means substantially as described for shifting the clutches.

10. The combination with a frame, and a hollow case having hollow gudgeons in the ends thereof, of a plurality of rollers in and disposed longitudinally of the case, cross heads in the lateral extremities of which the rollers are j ournaled, said cross heads having centrally projecting hollow axles j ournaled in the frame, heads in the ends of the casebearin g against the ends of the gudgeons and closing the aperturestherethrough, arbors connected to said heads, said arbors passing concentrically with said sleeve axles therethrough, pins in the arbors projecting into slots in the sleeve axles and compelling concurrent revolution therewith, and nuts turning by screw thread onthe arbors against the sleeve axles adapted to draw the heads to their seats, substantially as described.

11. The combination with a frame, and a hollow casehaving hollow gudgeons in the ends thereof, of a plurality of rollers in and disposed longitudinally of the case, cross heads in the lateral extremities of which the rollers are j ournaled, said cross heads having centrally projecting hollow axles journaled in the frame, heads in the ends of the case hearing against the ends of the gudgeons and closing the apertures therethrough, arbors connected to said heads, said arbors passing through said sleeve axles, concentrically therewith, pins in the arbors projecting into slots in the sleeve axles and compelling concurrent revolution therewith, and a clutch splined on the arbor adapted to engage a fixed support and prevent the revolution of the arbor and the parts connected thereto, substantially as described.

12. The combination with a revolnble case, of heads in the ends of the case for closing apertures therein, means for releasably clamping the heads to the ends of the case so that they shall rotate therewith, a plurality of rollers in the case parallel with the axis thereof the journals of which rollers pass through said heads and rotate or remain stationary with said heads, bars alongside and above said rollers when the heads are stationary, said bars being mounted in plates affixed to said heads, and means for rotating the case and the rollers independently, substantially as described.

13. In a butter worker, the combination with a revolnble case, of a series of spring actuated valves arranged annular-1y in the case and closing outwardly, said valves being provided with outwardly projecting stems, a rock-shaft mounted in a fixed support, and having radial arms a plate so mounted on the radial arms on the rock shaft as by the oscillating of the rock shaft to be put in the path of the stems of the valves when the case revolves,

ICC

volve about the axis of the case, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES S. BROWVN. FRANK B. FARGO.

Witnesses:

O. F. GREENWOOD, OHAs. S. GREENWOOD.

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