US535096A - Automatic safety device for elevators - Google Patents

Automatic safety device for elevators Download PDF

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US535096A
US535096A US535096DA US535096A US 535096 A US535096 A US 535096A US 535096D A US535096D A US 535096DA US 535096 A US535096 A US 535096A
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car
block
keeper
governor
beveled
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

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  • -My invention relates to improvements in automatic safety devices for elevators; and it has for its general object to provide cheap, simple, and efficient means, adapted, when the car has attained a dangerous speed, to automatically apply the brakes so as to stop the car and avert a casualty.
  • Fig. 1 is afront elevation, partly broken away, of an elevator equipped with my improvements.
  • Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line no, a", of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged,
  • Fig. 4- is an enlarged, perspective view of one of the keeper members and the beveled or inclined block connected therewith.
  • Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the elevator, and
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail section.
  • E indicates levers which are connected at their outer ends to the brake shoes and have their inner ends connected by an equalizing bar or'link F.
  • G indicates a wheel mounted on the equali'zing bar or link.
  • H indicates a cam lever engaging and adapted to transmit movement to the wheel G
  • I indicates a spring which is connected to the cam-lever H, and the wheel G, as better shown in Fig. 6, and is adapted to return. said wheel and the parts connected therewith to their normal positions when the cam lever is lowered.
  • the lever H is connected with a weight J, mounted in a frame K, by a cable L, which has one end connected to the car as indicated by c, and takes around a sheave .90 (see Fig. 5,) carried by the weight J, and around several sheaves arranged at the top of the elevator shaft; and the said cable is normally held so as to prevent the weight J, from raising the lever H, and applying the brakes, by the keeper M, which is designed andeadapted to hold a button or enlargement N, on the cable as shown in Fig. 1, of the drawings.
  • the said keeper M comprises two members P, Q, and the member P, is connected by a rod d, as illustrated, with a lever R, arranged in the car within convenient reach of the attendant whereby it will be seen that the said attendant is enabled to quickly move the keeper member P, soas to release the cable and effect an application of the brakes.
  • I connect a beveled or inclined block S, which preferably has antifriction rollers on its face, with the keeper member Q, which is fulcrumed in a suitable bracket '1, as shown, and provide a verticallymovable, beveled or inclined block U, to engage the block S.
  • This block U is carried by a sleeve V, which is loosely mounted on the shaft 6, of a centrifugal governor NV, and is connected with the arms f, of said governor by links g, as shown; and it will therefore be seen that when the governor is rotated ata high rate of speed, and its armsf, are raised, the sleeve V, and the block U, will also be raised, and the beveled or inclined face of the latter engaging the corresponding face of the block S, will move said block in the direction indicated by arrow (see Fig. 1), and in consequence will swing the keeper member Q,on its fulcrum so as to release the cable L, and effect an application of the brakes.
  • the governor W is suitably arranged on the car (preferably in the manner shown); and in order that it may be rotated at a speed corresponding to the speed of the car,its shaft 6, is provided at its lower end with a beveled gear h, which meshes with a beveled gear 2', on a shaft j. (See Fig.
  • This shaft j is also provided with a wheel 70, and it is designed and adapted to be rotated when the car is in motion through the medium of the cable X, which has its opposite ends connected to the car and is shown as taking around a sheay e Z, at the top of the elevator shaft, around the wheel is, on the shaft j, around a second sheave m, carried by the car and around a sheave 12, carried by a Weightp, which weight is designed to take up slack of the cable and keep it taut at all times.
  • the manual devices for effecting an application of the brakes may be omitted, in which case the keeper member P, might be made fixed, but I generally prefer to equip a car with both the manual and automatic devices so that if one fails to effect an application of the brakes when necessary, the application may lie-effected by the other.
  • an elevator safety device the combination of a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and havinga beveled or inclined face, a movable block U, having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, means for moving the block U, a brake shoe and means whereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the purpose specified.
  • a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member
  • a block S connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face
  • a movable block U having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S
  • a centrifugal governor connected with the block U, means for rotating said governor, a brake shoe and means whereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
  • a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member
  • a block S connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face
  • a block U having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S
  • a governor connected with the block U
  • a wheel 70 connected with the governor a cable engaging with the wheel 70, and adapted to cause the same to rotate as the car moves up or down
  • a brake shoe and meanswhereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
  • the combi- 4 nation of a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face, a governor comprising a shaft, centrifugal armsf, and a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft and connected with the centrifugal arms, a block mounted on the sleeve of the governor and having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, a suitable means for rotating the governor, a brake shoe, and means whereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the.
  • an elevator safety device the combination of a car, a keeper arranged on the car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face, a governor comprising a shaft having a bevel gear h, centrifugal arms f, and a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft and connected with the centrifugal arms, a block mounted on the sleeve of the governor and. having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, a shaftj, having a bevel gear engaging the gear on the governor shaft and also having a I 5

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.
P. T. ELLITHORPE. AUTOMATIG- SAFETY DBVIGE FOR ELEVATORS. No. 535,096. Patented Mar. 5, 1895.
(No Model.)
1 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. P.'T. ELLITHORPE.
AUTOMATIC SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATORS.
Patented Max-f5, 1895.
'mz Nonms PETERS co. Pwa'wu'ma. WASHINGTON, n. c.
(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shet 3. F. T. ELLIT'HORPE.
AUTOMATIC SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATORS.
No. 535,096. Patented Mar. 5, 1895. fz'yj A O b (0 627: 68S 66. mverz?or wzfa rney TNi uonms PETERS co PHOTO-LURE, wasnm omu, a. c.
UNITED STATES FREDERICK T. ELLlTl-IORPE,
PATENT OFFICE.
OF NEWARK, NEWV JERSEY.
AUTOMATIC SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELEVATORS.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters latent N0. 535,096, dated March 5, 1895. Application filed December 17, 1894. Serial No. 532,082. (No model.)
To all whom it may concern.-
Be it known that I, FREDERICK T. ELLI- THORPE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Safety Devices for Elevators; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to makeand use the same.
-My invention relates to improvements in automatic safety devices for elevators; and it has for its general object to provide cheap, simple, and efficient means, adapted, when the car has attained a dangerous speed, to automatically apply the brakes so as to stop the car and avert a casualty.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will he fully understood from the following description and claims when taken in connection with the annexed drawings, in Which- Figilre 1, is afront elevation, partly broken away, of an elevator equipped with my improvements. Fig. 2, is a horizontal section on the line no, a", of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is an enlarged,
detail section on the line 02,:2, of Fig.2. Fig. 4-, is an enlarged, perspective view of one of the keeper members and the beveled or inclined block connected therewith. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the elevator, and Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail section.
In the said drawings similar letters designate corresponding parts in all of the several views, referring to which- A, indicates the ways or guides of an elevator.
B, indicates the car.
0, indicates castings connected to the car and having slides a, adapted to engage the guides or ways A, and also having portions b, adapted to rest and move at one side of said guides or ways.
D, indicates brake shoes adapted to engage the guides'or ways A.
E, indicates levers which are connected at their outer ends to the brake shoes and have their inner ends connected by an equalizing bar or'link F.
G, indicates a wheel mounted on the equali'zing bar or link.
H, indicates a cam lever engaging and adapted to transmit movement to the wheel G; and I,'indicates a spring which is connected to the cam-lever H, and the wheel G, as better shown in Fig. 6, and is adapted to return. said wheel and the parts connected therewith to their normal positions when the cam lever is lowered.
The lever H, is connected with a weight J, mounted in a frame K, by a cable L, which has one end connected to the car as indicated by c, and takes around a sheave .90 (see Fig. 5,) carried by the weight J, and around several sheaves arranged at the top of the elevator shaft; and the said cable is normally held so as to prevent the weight J, from raising the lever H, and applying the brakes, by the keeper M, which is designed andeadapted to hold a button or enlargement N, on the cable as shown in Fig. 1, of the drawings. The said keeper M, comprises two members P, Q, and the member P, is connected by a rod d, as illustrated, with a lever R, arranged in the car within convenient reach of the attendant whereby it will be seen that the said attendant is enabled to quickly move the keeper member P, soas to release the cable and effect an application of the brakes.
By reason of the mechanism thus far described, which is fully and clearly disclosed and claimed in another application for Letters Patent, bearing even date herewith, and serially numbered 532,081, it will be seen that when the car attendant moves the lever B, as before described, the button N, of the cable will be released from the keeper M, when the weight J, tending to move downwardly will raise the lever H, and said lever through the medium of the wheel G, equalizing bar or link F, and the levers E, will press the brake shoes D, against the ways or guides A, and thereby stop the car.
It often happens that when the car runs away or attains a dangerous speed, there is not time for the attendant to effect an application of the brakes, and it is therefore highly desirable that the car should be equipped with some means for automatically applying the brakes when the car attains a dangerous speed. To this end, I connect a beveled or inclined block S, which preferably has antifriction rollers on its face, with the keeper member Q, which is fulcrumed in a suitable bracket '1, as shown, and provide a verticallymovable, beveled or inclined block U, to engage the block S. This block U, is carried by a sleeve V, which is loosely mounted on the shaft 6, of a centrifugal governor NV, and is connected with the arms f, of said governor by links g, as shown; and it will therefore be seen that when the governor is rotated ata high rate of speed, and its armsf, are raised, the sleeve V, and the block U, will also be raised, and the beveled or inclined face of the latter engaging the corresponding face of the block S, will move said block in the direction indicated by arrow (see Fig. 1), and in consequence will swing the keeper member Q,on its fulcrum so as to release the cable L, and effect an application of the brakes.
The governor W, is suitably arranged on the car (preferably in the manner shown); and in order that it may be rotated at a speed corresponding to the speed of the car,its shaft 6, is provided at its lower end with a beveled gear h, which meshes with a beveled gear 2', on a shaft j. (See Fig. 3.) This shaft j, is also provided with a wheel 70, and it is designed and adapted to be rotated when the car is in motion through the medium of the cable X, which has its opposite ends connected to the car and is shown as taking around a sheay e Z, at the top of the elevator shaft, around the wheel is, on the shaft j, around a second sheave m, carried by the car and around a sheave 12, carried by a Weightp, which weight is designed to take up slack of the cable and keep it taut at all times. By this construction it will be perceived that as the car runs up and down,the cable X, through the medium of the mechanism described, will rotate the governor at a speed corresponding to that of the car, and when the car attains a dangerous speed, the governor will rotate at a high speed which will result in the armsf, being raised and the brakes being applied, as before described. I
In some cases the manual devices for effecting an application of the brakes may be omitted, in which case the keeper member P, might be made fixed, but I generally prefer to equip a car with both the manual and automatic devices so that if one fails to effect an application of the brakes when necessary, the application may lie-effected by the other.
It will be seen from the foregoing that while very cheap, simple and compact, myimproved automatic mechanism is very reliable and positive in its action and. will surely effect a release of the cable and a consequent application of the brakes when the car attains a dangerous speed.
I do not desire to be understood as confining myself to placing my improved safety devices upon the top of the elevator cars, nor do I desire to be understood as limiting myself to using the devices upon elevator cars as they may be used to advantage upon inclined tramway and other cars.
Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. In an elevator safety device, the combination of a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member,a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and havinga beveled or inclined face, a movable block U, having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, means for moving the block U, a brake shoe and means whereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. In an elevator safety device, the combination of a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face, a movable block U, having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, a centrifugal governor connected with the block U, means for rotating said governor, a brake shoe and means whereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In an elevator device, the combination, of a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face, a block U, having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, a governor connected with the block U, a wheel 70, connected with the governor a cable engaging with the wheel 70, and adapted to cause the same to rotate as the car moves up or down, a brake shoe, and meanswhereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In an elevator safety device, the combi- 4 nation of a keeper adapted to be arranged on a car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face, a governor comprising a shaft, centrifugal armsf, and a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft and connected with the centrifugal arms, a block mounted on the sleeve of the governor and having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, a suitable means for rotating the governor, a brake shoe, and means whereby the brake shoe is thrown into operation when the movable member of the keeper is moved substantially as and for the.
ICC
the block S, and the cable holding device, and release the cable, substantially as specified. 6. In an elevator safety device, the combination of a car, a keeper arranged on the car and having a movable member, a block S, connected with the movable member of the keeper and having a beveled or inclined face, a governor comprising a shaft having a bevel gear h, centrifugal arms f, and a sleeve loosely mounted on the shaft and connected with the centrifugal arms, a block mounted on the sleeve of the governor and. having a beveled or inclined face engaging that of the block S, a shaftj, having a bevel gear engaging the gear on the governor shaft and also having a I 5
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